CN104920146B - A kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe - Google Patents

A kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe Download PDF

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CN104920146B
CN104920146B CN201510324364.XA CN201510324364A CN104920146B CN 104920146 B CN104920146 B CN 104920146B CN 201510324364 A CN201510324364 A CN 201510324364A CN 104920146 B CN104920146 B CN 104920146B
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fringe
cuttage
plant
fringe bar
pasania cuspidata
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CN104920146A (en
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陈金艳
曾祥艳
黄剑
王坤
廖建明
黄开顺
梁文汇
李开祥
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods

Abstract

The invention discloses the propagation method that a kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates fringe, this method is selected with managing process after site preparation, cutting orchard foundation, cutting orchard management, fringe bar cultivation, cuttings collection and processing, cuttage and cuttage with including garden, from fine individual plant nursery stock, digging bank release organic fertilizer makees plant cultivation maternal plant after base manure and makees cutting orchard on nursery furrow with taking garden, semi-lignified branch is cultivated with rational pruning make fringe bar through topdressing, by tloig-cutlage in the nutrition cup equipped with matrix, cover film and shady net cultivate nursery stock, obtain the Pasania cuspidata cuttage seeding of a large amount of high-quality.The present invention cultivates the excellent maternal fringe bar of Pasania cuspidata using cutting orchard, the breeding amount of fringe bar is big, reproduction speed is fast, and keep maternal merit, fringe bar is applied to cutting propagation, high-quality Pasania cuspidata nursery stock can be cultivated, with seedling raise period is short, speed is fast, survival rate is high, method is easy, the features such as easily operate, with good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, it is related to a kind of propagation method of Pasania cuspidata, it is especially a kind of many Fringe Ke quickly educates the propagation method of fringe.
Background technology
Pasania cuspidata(Lithocarpus polystachyus), also known as many fringe C.-glauca, Sweet tea, aiphyllium or dungarunga, it is high 7 ~ 15m, is the torrid zone, tropical trees, is distributed in each province on the south the Changjiang river, India, Thailand also have.Pasania cuspidata is valuable ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine tree Kind, the effective component of Pasania cuspidata is mainly flavone compound, and its content is more than 30 %, wherein with the root of dihydrochalcone glycoside Skin glycosides, trifloroside are emphasis of concern.Pasania cuspidata flavone compound has very strong anti-oxidant and plurality of health care functions, Recent study finds that Pasania cuspidata and its extract have the obvious hypoglycemic effect with reducing blood lipid, are refined into tender leaf Sugar is available for diabetes patients, has important facilitation to the control and treatment of the diabetes of common concern in the world.
Pigment is can extract from the tender leaf of Pasania cuspidata, Pasania cuspidata pigment yield, up to 10% or so of cured leaf weight, is sepia Graininess highly finished product, it is nonhygroscopic rotten, can long-term storage, free from extraneous odour, good water solubility, strong coloring force, to light, hot color stability, The pigment is tested through uremic toxins, acute toxicity test, the true nontoxic level in border, and edible safety is high, available for candy, laughable drink Material, ice cream, the sugar-coat coloring of assembled alcoholic drinks and medicine.Pasania cuspidata tender leaf and bud are drunk for being fabricated to Pasania cuspidata " Sweet tea ", color It is damp, in good taste, existing history of more than one thousand years.The exploitation of Pasania cuspidata leaf turn into the focus of current exploratory development.
Current Pasania cuspidata is more based on seminal propagation, but seminal propagation needs the experience storing and germination accelerating mistake of more than 4 ~ 5 months Journey, and germination is irregular, breaks up big with the filial generation of seminal propagation, it is difficult to keep maternal merit.And current many fringes The normal cutting propagation propagation method of Ke is long breeding cycle, and the fringe bar of cuttage is collected in the big tree of Pasania cuspidata of adult mostly, and fringe bar is supplied Answer lazy weight, cuttage survival rate not high, be unfavorable for the large-scale production and development and application of Pasania cuspidata cutting propagation.
Therefore, in Pasania cuspidata extremely social concerns under the new situation, a kind of method of Pasania cuspidata vegetative propagation is innovated, is promoted Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, scale fast development are significant.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided a kind of cultivation period is short, reproduction speed fast, Breeding coefficient is high, reproductive-cost is low, keep maternal merit, and Pasania cuspidata easy to operate quickly educates the propagation method of fringe.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, including garden select to set up with site preparation, cutting orchard, cutting orchard pipe Process is managed after reason, fringe bar cultivation, cuttings collection and processing, cuttage and cuttage, from fine individual plant nursery stock, with taking garden nursery Bank is dug on furrow discharge organic fertilizer and make after base manure plant and cultivate maternal plant to make cutting orchard, through topdressing and rational pruning cultivates semi-lignified branch Bar makees fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in the nutrition cup equipped with matrix, and cover film and shady net cultivate nursery stock, obtain a large amount of high-quality Pasania cuspidata cuttage seeding, its concrete operation step is as follows:
(1)Select to garden and site preparation:
Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard to loose fertile level land or gentle slope;Cultivate entirely whole Ground, two ploughs two are harrowed, and are picked up net grass roots, have been started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face wide 100 cm, the m of length 10 ~ 15, wide 35 cm of pavement;
(2)Cutting orchard is set up:
Healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata from the cm of fine individual plant height of seedling 25 ~ 35, more than the cm no disease and pests harms of ground diameter 0.3 is female seedling, By the cm of 50 cm × 50 seeding row spacing dig bank in furrow face, bank size and depth are the cm of the cm of 30 cm × 40 × 30 cutting orchard;Often Bank discharges 0.25 ~ 0.50 kg base manure, and returns the full female seedling of soil plant after being mixed thoroughly with 1/3 ~ 1/2 table soil of playback;
(3)Cutting orchard is managed:
The female after seedling of plant irrigates root water, and covers in the ranks straw water conservation soil conservation;After field planting, poured every 3 ~ 5 days 1 time Water, keeps nursery lot moistening, after after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, is suitably topdressed with reference to watering, and truncation is trimmed and topdressed in time Management;
(4)Cuttings is gathered and handled;
After the young sprout that female seedling is extracted out is up to 15 cm, trimming collection semi-lignified fringe bar is used for skewer as cuttings immediately Insert;The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for spraying that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% for 10 days before fringe is adopted every time, promotes fringe bar lignifying;Adopting Fringe bar trimming 10 ~ 15 cm of growth of collection, retain and stay 2 ~ 3 full leafs below 2 ~ 3 buds, growing point, remaining is erased, fringe bar lower end Be cut into it is ramp-like, then 50 ~ 100 fringe bars be bundled into a bundle be placed in 50 ~ 200 ppm concentration ABT6 take root water soak 12 ~ 24 h;
(5)Cuttage:
By the tloig-cutlage by water process of taking root in the nutrition cup equipped with cutting medium, root water is drenched after cuttage;
(6)Managed after cuttage:
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net shade of shading rate 85% is covered above, and autumn and winter opens screening Screened postive, plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing;Opened afterwards every 7-10 days and spray foliar fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor, stabilization of taking root Afterwards, open shady net before at 10 points in the morning and after at 4 points in afternoon, allow seedling slowly to adapt to illumination, wait grow young leaves, young sprout it is aging after pack up Shady net, complete illumination, then every 15 Tian Linshi composite fertilizers liquid manure, until growing up to the healthy and strong nursery stocks of high more than 25cm.
Above step(2)Described base manure is obtained after the uniform qualities such as become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and calcium and magnesium phosphorus that stack retting is crossed are mixed.
Above step(3)Described truncation trimming is to cut off top tip after maternal plant is planted 20 days, retains maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 5 Zhang Ye, high 10 ~ 15 cm, promote mother Miao Jigan to sprout young sprout;The top tip cut is used for cottage breeding nursery stock;As the cm of young sprout length 20 During above semi-lignified, only stay it is more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 ~ 3 sprout branch, while will sprout branch also cuts off top tip, cultivate a new round Fringe bar, and so on, the top tip of trimming and sprout branch be used for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.
Above step(3)Described management of topdressing is to combine water drenching after trimming maternal plant to drench that to apply 1 inferior quality dense every 15 ~ 30 days Composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for 0.5 ~ 1.0% is spent, 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed, promotion is newly slightly sprouted, and annual March and July ditching applies organic Fertilizer and composite fertilizer, i.e., dig every plant 0.5 ~ 1.0 of the paulownia bran that the deep shallow ridges releases of 10 ~ 12 cm are handled through retting from maternal plant base portion 20cm The kg and kg of every plant of composite fertilizer 0.1 ~ 0.2, removes weeds to garden in combination with ditching fertilising and loosens the soil in time;Described composite fertilizer It is respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 % for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, the % of total nutrient >=48.
Above step(5)Described cutting medium is yellow soil and is 5 ~ 7 by volume by stack retting processing coconut palm chaff:3~5 It is well mixed and obtains.
Above step(6)In described foliar fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor, foliar fertilizer is that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3 % Potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, bactericide is that volumetric concentration is 80 % carbendazol wettable powders, 700 times of aqueous solution or volumetric concentration 85 600 times of aqueous solution of % zineb pulvis or 85 600 times of aqueous solution of % thiophanates pulvis, several bactericidal agent cross-references.
Compared to prior art, advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:
1st, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the invention quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, from fine individual plant nursery stock, with taking garden nursery Big bank is dug on furrow and discharges base manure plant cultivation maternal plant, is topdressed through science and rational pruning, cutting orchard maternal plant is grown fast, rudiment many And it is sturdy, reproduction speed is fast, and breeding coefficient is big, fringe bar quality better.
2nd, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the invention quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, utilizes the excellent maternal Pasania cuspidata fringe bar of cutting orchard Applied to cutting propagation, the high-quality Pasania cuspidata nursery stock for keeping maternal merit can be cultivated;And when maternal plant is cultivated and trimmed, cut Top tip or the branch of sprouting of semi-lignified be used for cottage breeding nursery stock, back and forth cultivate new fringe bar, breeding coefficient is high, shorten cultivation week Phase, production cost is reduced, promote Pasania cuspidata high-quality, efficient, fast development.
3rd, a kind of Pasania cuspidata of the invention quickly educates the propagation method of fringe there is provided quickly breeding Pasania cuspidata high-quality cuttings Technology, with seedling raise period is short, speed is fast, survival rate is high, method is easy, the features such as easily operate, with good economic benefit, Social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
In July, 2011, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in selection have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile Gentle slope make cutting orchard.Overall site preparation, two ploughs two are harrowed, and are picked up net grass roots, have been started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, wide 100 cm of furrow face, The m of length 10, wide 35 cm of pavement.From the cm of fine individual plant height of seedling 25, the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of more than the cm no disease and pests harms of ground diameter 0.3 For female seedling, bank is dug by the cm of 50 cm × 50 seeding row spacing in furrow face in cutting orchard, and bank size and depth are the cm of 30 cm × 40 ×30 cm;0.25 kg base manure is discharged per bank, and return the full female seedling of soil plant after being mixed thoroughly with 1/2 table soil of playback.Base used The uniform qualities such as become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium and magnesium phosphorus that fertilizer is crossed for stack retting are obtained after mixing.
The female after seedling of plant irrigates root water, and covers in the ranks straw water conservation soil conservation;After field planting, poured every 3 ~ 5 days 1 time Water, keeps nursery lot moistening, after after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, is suitably topdressed with reference to watering.Cut off after maternal plant is planted 20 days Top tip, retains maternal plant base portion up 3 leaves, and high 10 cm promotes mother Miao Jigan to sprout young sprout;The top tip cut is trained for cuttage Nursery wood;When 20 more than cm semi-lignifieds of young sprout length, only stay it is more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 sprout branch, while branch will be sprouted Cut off top tip, cultivate new round fringe bar, and so on, the top tip of trimming and sprout branch and be used for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Trim maternal plant Water drenching is combined afterwards the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for applying that 1 inferior quality concentration is 0.5% was drenched every 15 ~ 20 days, spray 1 foliar fertilizer, promote new Slightly sprout, annual March and July ditching organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, i.e., dig the deep fertilizing by shallow furrowing of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm Paulownia bran every plant of 0.5 kg and the kg of every plant of composite fertilizer 0.1 handled through retting is put, garden is removed in time in combination with ditching fertilising Weeds are loosened the soil.Described composite fertilizer is that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, the % of total nutrient >=48.
After the young sprout that female seedling is extracted out is up to 15 cm, trimming collection semi-lignified fringe bar is used for skewer as cuttings immediately Insert;The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for spraying that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% for 10 days before fringe is adopted every time, promotes fringe bar lignifying;Adopting Fringe bar trimming 10 cm of growth of collection, retain and stay 2 full leafs below 2 buds, growing point, remaining is erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into tiltedly Shape, then 50 fringe bars be bundled into a bundle be placed in 50 ppm concentration ABT6 take root water soak 24 h.By the fringe by water process of taking root Bar cuttage is 7 by volume in the coconut palm chaff handled equipped with yellow soil and by stack retting:3 it is well mixed obtained by cutting medium nothing Spin in cloth nutrition cup, be then closely placed on Qian Cha Kui by the wide 1m of every furrow specification, 1d mass concentrations are 0.1% before cuttage Potassium permanganate matrix is carried out disinfection, root water is drenched after cuttage, while water-soluble with 600 times of 85% thiophanate pulvis of volumetric concentration Liquid is sprayed.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net shade of shading rate 85% is covered above, and autumn and winter opens screening Screened postive, plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing;It is that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is water-soluble to be opened afterwards every 7-10 days and spray mass concentration After the mixed liquor of liquid and the 700 times of aqueous solution of carbendazol wettable powder of volumetric concentration 80%, stabilization of taking root, before at 10 points in the morning with Shady net is opened after 4 points of noon, allows seedling slowly to adapt to illumination, wait grow young leaves, young sprout it is aging after pack up shady net, complete illumination, so Drenched afterwards every 15 days and apply conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure, until growing up to the healthy and strong nursery stocks of high more than 25cm, survival rate 89%.
Embodiment 2:
In July, 2012, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in selection have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile Level land make cutting orchard.Overall site preparation, two ploughs two are harrowed, and pick up net grass roots, have started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, wide 100 cm of furrow face are long Spend 15 m, wide 35 cm of pavement.It is from the cm of fine individual plant height of seedling 30, more than the cm no disease and pests harms of ground diameter 0.3 healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata Female seedling, bank is dug in furrow face in cutting orchard by the cm of 50 cm × 50 seeding row spacing, bank size and depth be the cm of 30 cm × 40 × 30 cm;0.40 kg base manure is discharged per bank, and return the full female seedling of soil plant after being mixed thoroughly with 1/2 table soil of playback.Base manure used The uniform qualities such as become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium and magnesium phosphorus crossed for stack retting are made after mixing.
The female after seedling of plant irrigates root water, and covers in the ranks straw water conservation soil conservation;After field planting, poured every 3 ~ 5 days 1 time Water, keeps nursery lot moistening, after after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, is suitably topdressed with reference to watering.Cut off after maternal plant is planted 20 days Top tip, retains maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 4 leaves, and high 10 ~ 12 cm promotes mother Miao Jigan to sprout young sprout;The top tip cut is used for skewer Insert and cultivate nursery stock;When 20 more than cm semi-lignifieds of young sprout length, only stay it is more sturdy, be evenly distributed 3 sprout branch, while will sprout Branch also cuts off top tip, cultivates new round fringe bar, and so on, the top tip of trimming and sprouts branch and is used for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Trimming Water drenching is combined after maternal plant the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for applying that 1 inferior quality concentration is 1.0% was drenched every 20 ~ 25 days, sprayed 1 foliar fertilizer, promote Enter and newly slightly sprout, annual March and July ditching organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer dig the shallow of 10 ~ 12 cm depths from maternal plant base portion 20cm Ditch discharges paulownia bran every plant of 0.8 kg and the kg of every plant of composite fertilizer 0.15 for being handled through retting, in combination with ditching fertilising to garden and When remove weeds loosen the soil.Described composite fertilizer is that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, the % of total nutrient >=48.
After the young sprout that female seedling is extracted out is up to 15 cm, trimming collection semi-lignified fringe bar is used for skewer as cuttings immediately Insert;The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for spraying that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% for 10 days before fringe is adopted every time, promotes fringe bar lignifying;Adopting Fringe bar trimming 12 cm of growth of collection, retain and stay 3 full leafs below 2 buds, growing point, remaining is erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into tiltedly Shape, then 80 fringe bars be bundled into a bundle be placed in 100 ppm concentration ABT6 take root water soak 18 h.By the fringe by water process of taking root Bar cuttage is 6 by volume in the coconut palm chaff handled equipped with yellow soil and by stack retting:4 it is well mixed obtained by cutting medium nothing Spin in cloth nutrition cup, be then closely placed on Qian Cha Kui by the wide 1m of every furrow specification, 1d mass concentrations are 0.2% before cuttage Potassium permanganate matrix is carried out disinfection, root water is drenched after cuttage, while water-soluble with 600 times of 85% thiophanate pulvis of volumetric concentration Liquid is sprayed.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net shade of shading rate 85% is covered above, and autumn and winter opens screening Screened postive, plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing;Opened afterwards every 8 days and spray mass concentration for 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution And the mixed liquor of the % zineb 600 times of aqueous solution of pulvis of volumetric concentration 85, take root after stablizing, before at 10 points in the morning and after at 4 points in afternoon Open shady net, allow seedling slowly to adapt to illumination, wait grow young leaves, young sprout it is aging after pack up shady net, complete illumination, then every 15 days Conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure is applied in pouring, is optionally done harm to 90% 800 times of liquid spraying insects of metrifonate, until growing up to high 30 more than cm Healthy and strong nursery stock, survival rate 91%.
Embodiment 3:
In June, 2013, Guangxi forest-science academy experimental field in selection have a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile Gentle slope make cutting orchard.Overall site preparation, two ploughs two are harrowed, and are picked up net grass roots, have been started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, wide 100 cm of furrow face, The m of length 15, wide 35 cm of pavement.From the cm of fine individual plant height of seedling 35, the healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata of more than the cm no disease and pests harms of ground diameter 0.3 For female seedling, bank is dug by the cm of 50 cm × 50 seeding row spacing in furrow face in cutting orchard, and bank size and depth are the cm of 30 cm × 40 ×30 cm;0.50 kg base manure is discharged per bank, and return the full female seedling of soil plant after being mixed thoroughly with 1/3 table soil of playback.Base used The uniform qualities such as become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium and magnesium phosphorus that fertilizer is crossed for stack retting are obtained after mixing.
The female after seedling of plant irrigates root water, and covers in the ranks straw water conservation soil conservation;After field planting, poured every 3 ~ 5 days 1 time Water, keeps nursery lot moistening, after after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, is suitably topdressed with reference to watering.Cut off after maternal plant is planted 20 days Top tip, retains maternal plant base portion up 5 leaves, and high 15 cm promotes mother Miao Jigan to sprout young sprout;The top tip cut is trained for cuttage Nursery wood;When 20 more than cm semi-lignifieds of young sprout length, only stay it is more sturdy, be evenly distributed 3 sprout branch, while branch will be sprouted Cut off top tip, cultivate new round fringe bar, and so on, the top tip of trimming and sprout branch and be used for cottage breeding cuttage seeding.Trim maternal plant Water drenching is combined afterwards the composite fertilizer's aqueous solution for applying that 1 inferior quality concentration is 1.0% was drenched every 25 ~ 30 days, spray 1 foliar fertilizer, promote new Slightly sprout, annual March and July ditching organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, i.e., dig the deep fertilizing by shallow furrowing of 10 ~ 12 cm from maternal plant base portion 20cm Paulownia bran every plant of 1.0 kg and the kg of every plant of composite fertilizer 0.2 handled through retting are put, garden is removed in time in combination with ditching fertilising Weeds are loosened the soil.Described composite fertilizer is that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, the % of total nutrient >=48.
After the young sprout that female seedling is extracted out is up to 15 cm, trimming collection semi-lignified fringe bar is used for skewer as cuttings immediately Insert;The potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for spraying that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% for 10 days before fringe is adopted every time, promotes fringe bar lignifying;Adopting Fringe bar trimming 15 cm of growth of collection, retain and stay 3 full leafs below 3 buds, growing point, remaining is erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into tiltedly Shape, then 100 fringe bars be bundled into a bundle be placed in 200 ppm concentration ABT6 take root water soak 12 h.By by water process of taking root Tloig-cutlage is 5 by volume in the coconut palm chaff handled equipped with yellow soil and by stack retting:5 it is well mixed obtained by cutting medium In non-woven fabrics nutrition cup, then closely it is placed on Qian Cha Kui by the wide 1m of every furrow specification, 1d is with mass concentration before cuttage 0.1% potassium permanganate is carried out disinfection to matrix, and root water is drenched after cuttage, while with 600 times of 85% thiophanate pulvis of volumetric concentration The aqueous solution is sprayed.
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net shade of shading rate 85% is covered above, and autumn and winter opens screening Screened postive, plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing;It is that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is water-soluble to be opened afterwards every 7-10 days and spray mass concentration Liquid and or 85 % thiophanates 600 times of aqueous solution of pulvis mixed liquor.Wherein, bactericide can also use volumetric concentration many for 80 % Several bactericidal agents of bacterium spirit 700 times of aqueous solution of wettable powder or the 600 times of aqueous solution of % zineb pulvis of volumetric concentration 85 etc. are handed over Fork is used.After stabilization of taking root, shady net is opened before at 10 points in the morning and after at 4 points in afternoon, allows seedling slowly to adapt to illumination, wait to grow newly Pack up shady net after leaf, young sprout are aging, then complete illumination drenched every 15 days and apply conventional composite fertilizer's liquid manure, optionally with 90% enemy Hundred 800 times of worm liquid spraying insects do harm to, until growing up to the healthy and strong nursery stocks of high more than 35cm, survival rate 95%.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, it is characterised in that:Selected including garden with site preparation, cutting orchard set up, Process is managed after cutting orchard management, fringe bar cultivation, cuttings collection and processing, cuttage and cuttage, from fine individual plant nursery stock, is taken Bank is dug to garden on nursery furrow discharge organic fertilizer and make plant after base manure and cultivate maternal plant to make cutting orchard, through topdressing and rational pruning cultivates half Lignifying branch makees fringe bar, by tloig-cutlage in the nutrition cup equipped with matrix, and cover film and shady net cultivate nursery stock, obtain big The Pasania cuspidata cuttage seeding of high-quality is measured, its concrete operation step is as follows:
(1)Select to garden and site preparation:
Selection has a good transport service, irrigation and drainage are good, soil layer is deep, make cutting orchard to loose fertile level land or gentle slope;Overall site preparation, two Plough two is harrowed, and is picked up net grass roots, has been started furrow, high 25 cm of furrow, furrow face wide 100 cm, the m of length 10 ~ 15, wide 35 cm of pavement;
(2)Cutting orchard is set up:
Healthy and strong Pasania cuspidata from the cm of fine individual plant height of seedling 25 ~ 35, more than the cm no disease and pests harms of ground diameter 0.3 is female seedling, is adopting fringe By the cm of 50 cm × 50 seeding row spacing bank is dug to garden in furrow face, and bank size and depth are the cm of the cm of 30 cm × 40 × 30;Applied per bank Put 0.25 ~ 0.50 kg base manure, and return the full female seedling of soil plant after being mixed thoroughly with 1/3 ~ 1/2 table soil of playback;Described base manure is heap The uniform qualities such as become thoroughly decomposed paulownia bran and the calcium and magnesium phosphorus macerated are made after mixing;
(3)Cutting orchard is managed:
The female after seedling of plant irrigates root water, and covers in the ranks straw water conservation soil conservation;After field planting, 1 water was poured every 3 ~ 5 days, is protected Nursery lot moistening is held, after after nursery stock restoration ecosystem, is suitably topdressed with reference to watering, and truncation trimming in time and management of topdressing;
Described truncation trimming is to cut off top tip after maternal plant is planted 20 days, retains maternal plant base portion up 3 ~ 5 leaves, high by 10 ~ 15 Cm, promotes mother Miao Jigan to sprout young sprout;The top tip cut is used for cottage breeding nursery stock;When more than the cm semi-lignifieds of young sprout length 20 When, only stay it is more sturdy, be evenly distributed 2 ~ 3 sprout branch, while will sprout branch also cuts off top tip, cultivate new round fringe bar, it is so past It is multiple, the top tip of trimming and sprout branch and be used for cottage breeding cuttage seeding;
(4)Cuttings is gathered and handled;
After the young sprout that female seedling is extracted out is up to 15 cm, trimming collection semi-lignified fringe bar is used for cuttage as cuttings immediately;Often It is secondary to adopt the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for spraying that mass concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.3% for 10 days before fringe, promote fringe bar lignifying;Collection Fringe bar trimming 10 ~ 15 cm of growth, retain and stay 2 ~ 3 full leafs below 2 ~ 3 buds, growing point, remaining is erased, and fringe bar lower end is cut into It is ramp-like, then 50 ~ 100 fringe bars be bundled into a bundle be placed in 50 ~ 200 ppm concentration ABT6 take root water soak 12 ~ 24 h;
(5)Cuttage:
By the tloig-cutlage by water process of taking root in the nutrition cup equipped with cutting medium, root water is drenched after cuttage;Described Cutting medium is yellow soil and is 5 ~ 7 by volume by stack retting processing coconut palm chaff:3 ~ 5 are well mixed and obtain;
(6)Managed after cuttage:
After cuttage, spring and summer takes shed with bamboo chip, and the sunshade net shade of shading rate 85% is covered above, and autumn and winter opens sunshade net, Plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing;Opened afterwards every 7-10 days and spray foliar fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor, after stabilization of taking root, on Shady net is opened before 10 points of noon and after at 4 points in afternoon, allows seedling slowly to adapt to illumination, wait grow young leaves, young sprout it is aging after pack up shady net, Complete illumination, then every 15 Tian Linshi composite fertilizers liquid manure, until growing up to the healthy and strong nursery stocks of high more than 25cm.
2. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, it is characterised in that:Step(3)It is described Management of topdressing be trim maternal plant after combine water drenching every 15 ~ 30 days drench apply 1 inferior quality concentration be 0.5 ~ 1.0% compound rich water Solution, sprays 1 foliar fertilizer, and promotion is newly slightly sprouted, annual March and July ditching organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, i.e., from maternal plant base portion 20cm digs the deep shallow ridges of 10 ~ 12 cm and discharges every plant of 0.5 ~ 1.0 kg of paulownia bran handled through retting and every plant of composite fertilizer 0.1 ~ 0.2 Kg, removes weeds to garden in combination with ditching fertilising and loosens the soil in time;Described composite fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 16 %, 16 %, 16 %, the % of total nutrient >=48.
3. a kind of Pasania cuspidata according to claim 1 quickly educates the propagation method of fringe, it is characterised in that:Step(6)It is described Foliar fertilizer and bactericide mixed liquor in, foliar fertilizer be mass concentration be 0.2 ~ 0.3 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, bactericide It is that volumetric concentration is that 80 % carbendazol wettable powders, 700 times of aqueous solution or 600 times of the % zineb pulvis of volumetric concentration 85 are water-soluble Liquid or 85 600 times of aqueous solution of % thiophanates pulvis, several bactericidal agent cross-references.
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