CN105594425B - A kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultural methods, specifically include following steps：Selection is suitable for the plantation of regional season of light and temperature condition, selection of land site preparation, in due course control amount fertilising, Cultivate administration, Pest organism rat plague control, harvesting.Method using the present invention can effectively improve the yield of Xin Meixiazhen, and the method for the present invention can be used as Xin Meixiazhen kinds to plant standard method and be popularized, be had far-reaching significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Technique for Corn Cultivation field more particularly to a kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultivation sides
Method.
Background technology
The advantages of hundred treasure of new U.S. integrate domestic and international Sweet corn variety it is general both successfully to solve domestic corn combination
The problem that skin is thicker, slag is more, guarantor's sweet tea phase is shorter is showed, quality can compare favourably with world-class kind, and overcome state
The disadvantage that outer introduced variety yield is relatively low, resistance is poor is in domestically leading water in quality, yield and resistance etc.
It is flat, especially there is high-temperature stability, adaptability is good, and Zhou Nianjun can be planted in Coastal Areas of South China, and is suitble to processing, great production
Industry Development volue.Therefore, a kind of safe and efficient Xin Meixiazhen cultivation techniques are researched and developed, to accelerating the popularization of the kind
Application value is great.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of higher Xin Meixiazhen cultural methods of yield.
In order to solve the problems, such as that above-mentioned technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention be：A kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green
Efficient cultivation method includes the following steps：
(1) it selects to plant suitable for the regional season of light and temperature condition：The effective temperature of normal growth and development is not 10 DEG C low, grouting
The daily mean temperature of productive phase requires to be not less than 20 DEG C；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Select the loam or sand that soil layer is deep, soil fertility is high, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the fertile performance of water conservation rush is good
Loam is planted, and spacing distance or florescence that should be with 400m or more between different cultivars be staggered 20 days or more；It deep ploughs when site preparation
25~30cm is tedded, is harrowed, plays furrow according to soil fertility difference, furrow are wide at 125~130cm (packet ditch), and furrow are high about
20cm；
(3) amount of control in due course fertilising：A, base manure：It is after 500~750kg of mu chicken manure adds calcium superphosphate 30kg stack rettings decomposed plus multiple
15~20kg of Hefei, additional hundred bio-bacterial manure 2kg difficult to understand clever, spread fertilizer over the fields before site preparation or furrow in ditch spread；
B, seed manure (before emergence to 5 leaves)：Based on phosphorus, potash fertilizer, cooperation nitrogenous fertilizer is applied in three times, occupies the 20 of fertile total amount
~25%；
C, jointing fertilizer (8~9 leaves)：Mu applies each 7.5~10kg of urea, potassium sulfate before jointing；Trumpet period mu applies urea
20~25kg of 15~17.5kg, potassium sulfate 10kg or composite fertilizer；Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compounding application occupy the 35~40% of fertile total amount；
D, it attacks luxuriant fertile (about 12~13 leaves)：Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields urea 2.5kg or 1% urea and 0.4~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Solution root outer spraying 1~2 time occupies 40% or so of fertile total amount based on nitrogenous fertilizer；(4) Cultivate administration：A, it sows：Using educating
Transplantation of seedlings selects plastic floppy disk, the PVC seedlings nursing plates in 100 holes to be put into nutrient matrix, seed after presoaking and germinating per bunch planting 1,2
~3 leaf phases selected strong sprout in cloudy day or transplanting in afternoon, and sufficient root water is drenched after plant, has kept the growth regularity of seedling；
B, planting density：For planting density at 2500~2800 plants/acre, ripe big growing area density is 3300/ mu or more,
When transplanting seedlings, by per furrow double row sowing or transplanting, 25~30 centimetres of spacing in the rows is a small amount of to earth up；
C, seedling management (differentiation, jointing since emergence is to fringe)：Weeds in field is removed, Rational Irrigation, 3 leaf phases is arranged to look into
Seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings, it is ensured that full stand；4~5 leaf phases carry out it is weak stay strong, pull out the extra seedling strain in field, one plant of strong sprout stayed per cave；
D, jointing-booting stage management (being extracted out since jointing to tassel)：Jointing is front and back to extract base portion tiller, reduces nutrient
Consumption, cultivation and banking, using carrying out 6~8 centimetres thin 4~6 centimetres of the ridging of deep intertillage after jointing fertilizer, using attack after luxuriant fertilizer carry out it is shallow
2~4 centimetres big 10~15 centimetres of the ridging of intertillage；
E, take out male spinning grouting parameter management (from heading to harvest)：It takes out hero and spits the healthy and strong bud of reservation one of every plant of luxuriant phase
Fringe, what two luxuriant fringes were grown simultaneously, double buds can be stayed simultaneously, extract other extra luxuriant fringes；
F, moisture management：Especially jointing of entire breeding time will keep field soil to moisten to the paddle phase is filled, after spreading fertilizer over the fields top dressing
It to water in right amount；
(5) Pest organism rat plague control：The policy for following " putting prevention first, integrated control ", using cultural control or chemistry
It prevents (control method that cultural control, physical control, biological control and medical treatment are combined), harvesting is forbidden applying for first 20 days
Pesticide；
(6) it harvests：Be in brownish red in luxuriant Honoka silk, cauline leaf and for green or slightly yellow inferior leads when, you can harvesting is green
Fringe.
Further, the Pest organism rat plague control in the step (5) includes：Large and small leaf spot, banded sclerotial blight, stem rot,
Curved spore mould leaf spot, tail spore leaf spot, corn borer, aphid, subterranean pest-insect, prodenia litura, beet armyworm；Wherein,
The large and small leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and the cultural control is：According to circumstances advocate
Collocation plantation, During High-Temperature Composting, and carry out ploughing deeply winter irrigation, crop rotation, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer are carried out, reasonable irrigation and drainage remove disease according to field
Stubble simultaneously extracts lower part disease leaf in early stage, pays attention to eliminating Field diseased plant, sick leaf reduces field germ amount；The chemical prevention：With
The spraying prevention of 50% 600 times of thiophanate methyl liquid, 7~15 days primary, even spray 2~3 times；
The sheath blight disease controlling includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and the cultural control is to remove invalid body and sclerotium,
Early stage extracts sick leaf, and medicament is used in combination to smear the site of pathological change such as leaf sheath, carries out crop rotation, and rational close planting pays attention to digging trenches to drain the water away, and drops
Low field humidity eliminates weeds in field in conjunction with intertillage；The chemical prevention：Tasseling stage is optimum control period, and early stage is selected
The 400 times of liquid spraying preventions of 50% 500 times of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder liquid or 1% jinggangmeisu, 7~10 days primary, even spray 2
~3 times；
Stem rot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, the cultural control be keep field ventilation and penetrating light with
The good gas permeability of soil excludes field ponding after rain in time, and the crops such as crop rotation lesion and millet, soybean and rice are taken turns
Make；The chemical prevention：With 1000~1200 times of liquid sprayings of root-rot spirit, spray in every 7~10 days is primary, continuously sprays 2~3 times；
The curved spore mould leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and the cultural control is in due course early sowing,
Make between rational close planting, with middle short stalk crop.The chemical prevention：The heart is filled in trumpet period, with 6% pleasure than cultivated wettable powder
The 3 000 times of liquid sprayings of 1000 times of liquid of 2000 times of liquid or 50% Tuzet wettable powder or 12.5% alkene oxazolone wettable powder
Prevention；
Tail spore leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, the cultural control be between (set) plant come
Improve field microclimate, removes diseased plant in time, drained in time after rain；The chemical prevention：Early stage sprays, with bacterium more than 50%
800~900 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of clever wettable powder or 40% Hinosan missible oil；
The corn borer prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and the cultural control is that snout moth spawning period can big face
Product trichogramma releases ovicidal, adult stage can use black light lamp or gyplure to trap and kill；The chemical prevention：The horn mouth mouth phase uses BT
100~200 grams of pulvis (such as stick precious, vegetable grower) 2.5% kills snout moth's larva spirit granule (1 ﹕ 16) and beauveria bassiana granular formulation mixing is thin
Sand imposes on horn mouth, 2~3 grams every plant, ear period 300 times of perfusion tassels of 800 times of 90% metrifonate or 18% dimehypo and female
Honoka silk base portion kills larva；
The prevention and control of aphids is to use chemical prevention before lobus cardiacus phase aphid contains hair：The net 1000 times of liquid of 10% aphid lice or Acker are safe
The sprayings such as 1000~1500 times of liquid prevent；
The controlling underground pest is：When sowing seed furrow is spread on the mixed fine sand such as Le Siben granules, Frontline；Seedling
When being unearthed, using poison bait：50 grams of 90% metrifonate of mu, adds suitable water or gruel, with the baits such as 1 kilogram of peanut press pulp through stir-frying
Material mixes into poison bait thoroughly, is trapped and killed in being spread on mu garden ground at dusk；
The prodenia litura, beet armyworm prevention, including cultural control and chemical prevention, the cultural control are that removing is miscellaneous
Grass extracts pieces of an egg etc.；The chemical prevention：With the solvable pulvis of 80% metrifonate or time 3000~4000 before 3 age of larva
The spraying prevention of times liquid.
Method using the present invention can effectively improve the yield of Xin Meixiazhen, and the method for the present invention can be used as Xin Meixiazhen
Plantation standard method is popularized, and is had far-reaching significance.
Specific implementation mode
The cultivation technology method of Xin Meixiazhen of the present invention, specifically includes following steps：
1, it selects to plant suitable for the regional season of light and temperature condition
It is 82 days or so that Xin Meixiazhen, which sows breeding time in spring, and autumn planting breeding time, south China most area can be at 72 days or so
Spring, summer, the plantation of 3 season of autumn；The area such as Hainan, west of Guangdong Province Yuexi can more realize winter kind.It is recommended that making plantation area more than a year uses crop rotation method,
Preferably play species the advantage.
10 DEG C or more be normal growth and development effective temperature, the daily mean temperature of During Grain-filling requires to be not less than 20
DEG C, 35 DEG C or more high temperature will influence it and reel off raw silk from cocoons and pollinate, different areas should according to local specific light and temperature condition seasonality into
Row plantation.According to the height of accumulated temperature, different regions can select plantation 1~4 to make in 1 year.
2, selection of land site preparation
The loam or sandy loam plantation that soil layer is deep, soil fertility is high, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the fertile performance of water conservation rush is good are selected, really
Corn is protected to grow under the good environmental condition of fertilizer and water condition.Between different cultivars should with 400m or more spacing distance or
Florescence is staggered 20 days or more, other kind a string of flowers is avoided to pollinate, and influences quality, reduces commodity value.When site preparation deep ploughing 25~
30cm is tedded, is harrowed, plays furrow according to soil fertility difference, furrow are wide in 125~130cm (packet ditch), the high about 20cm of furrow.
3, in due course control amount fertilising
(1) base manure
After 500~750kg of mu chicken manure adds calcium superphosphate 30kg stack rettings decomposed plus 15~20kg of composite fertilizer, additional hundred Austria are clever
Bio-bacterial manure 2kg, spread fertilizer over the fields before site preparation or furrow in ditch spread.There is good base manure condition at some, such as crop rotation vegetable plot, Ke Yishi
When the usage amount for reducing base manure.When using film-mulching cultivation, because of inconvenient top dressing and ridging, 20~25kg of composite fertilizer is preferably increased.It is crucial
It is to ensure that the regularity of seedling growth, builds good growing environment.
(2) seed manure (before emergence to 5 leaves)
The growing state that seedling is observed after final singling, seedling fertilizer is applied in conjunction with the growing way of the soft seedling of local loose soil.Wherein, with phosphorus,
Based on potash fertilizer, cooperation nitrogenous fertilizer is applied in three times, occupies the 20~25% of fertile total amount.Such as：Mu apply liquid dung 1500kg add urea 3~
4kg leaching is applied or urea, each 6~8kg of potassium chloride is added to apply the blinding behind the side of seedling cave.Key is to ensure that the growing way for improving seedling, reaches
Strong sprout effect.
(3) jointing fertilizer (8~9 leaves)
Mu applies each 7.5~10kg of urea, potassium sulfate before jointing.Trumpet period mu applies 15~17.5kg of urea, potassium sulfate
20~25kg of 10kg or composite fertilizer.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compounding application occupy the 35~40% of fertile total amount.Ditch spread in the ranks is spread fertilizer over the fields, such as
Covering mulch need in the ranks punch leaching and apply.Key is to build good condition to stablize jointing growth.
(4) it attacks luxuriant fertile (about 12~13 leaves)
The critical period entirely applied fertilizer, it is desirable that heavy dressing, mu spread fertilizer over the fields urea 2.5kg or 1% urea and 0.4~0.5% phosphoric acid
Dihydro potassium solution root outer spraying 1~2 time occupies 40% or so of fertile total amount based on nitrogenous fertilizer；Promote niblet growth, improves
Yield.
4, Cultivate administration
(1) it sows
Live streaming or culturing and transplanting seedlings can significantly improve level-one fruit ear rate using method for culturing and transplanting seedlings, it is neat to increase fruit ear
Degree, it is general to improve 50~double centner of per mu yield than live streaming, thus advocate growing and transplanting seedling：Select plastic floppy disk, the PVC in 100 holes
Seedlings nursing plate is put into nutrient matrix, and seed is after presoaking and germinating per bunch planting 1.2~3 leaf phases selected strong sprout to be moved in cloudy day or afternoon
It plants, sufficient root water is drenched after plant, has kept the growth regularity of seedling.Especially early spring or dry weather preferably takes culturing and transplanting seedlings to arrange
It applies.Be broadcast live it is previous as use presoaking and germinating, seed soaking time length is depending on weather condition, it is proposed that seed soaking time is with half an hour
Preferably, no longer than 2 hours.And water deficient or dry weather should not soak seed, to prevent seed moisture content back suction.Winter plants or early spring sowing
Plant preferably uses plastic film mulching cultivation, prevents seedling stage from enduring cold, influences the growing way of seedling.
(2) planting density
Planting density is arranged according to soil fertility and local planting habit, seedling number per acre is controlled in appropriate range.Kind
For density in planting at 2800~3200 plants/acre, ripe big growing area density can be 3300/ mu or more.When sowing or transplanting seedlings, by double per furrow
Row sowing or transplanting, 25~30 centimetres of spacing in the rows are a small amount of to earth up.3~4 centimetres of farmyard manure or fine earth lid kind are after planting used, if it is
It transplants seedlings, is suitably earthed up on a small quantity.After planting, such as drought, that is, horse race water is filled or leaching cave of carrying water, it is ensured that safety emergence.After transplanting seedlings,
It such as drought, i.e., is suitably irrigated, to ensure that liquid manure supply is stablized in field.
(3) seedling management (differentiation, jointing since emergence is to fringe)
Weeds in field is removed, Rational Irrigation is arranged.3 leaf phases looked into seedling, fill the gaps with seedlings, it is ensured that full stand；4~5 leaf phases carried out weak stay
By force, the extra seedling strain in field is pulled out, one plant of strong sprout is stayed per cave.
(4) jointing-booting stage management (being extracted out since jointing to tassel)
Jointing is front and back to extract base portion tiller, reduces nutrient consumption.Cultivation and banking intertills 6~8 using progress after jointing fertilizer is deep
Centimetre thin 4~6 centimetres of ridging.2~4 centimetres big 10~15 centimetres of the ridging of shallow intertillage is carried out using attacking after luxuriant fertilizer.
(5) it takes out male spinning and fills paddle maturation period management (from heading, being fertilized to harvest)
It takes out hero and spits every plant of luxuriant phase and retain a healthy and strong luxuriant fringe, what two luxuriant fringes were grown simultaneously, double buds can be stayed simultaneously.Extract it
His extra luxuriant fringe, ensures the nutrient supply of luxuriant fringe.
(6) water management
Especially jointing of entire breeding time will keep field soil to moisten to the paddle phase is filled, and water in right amount after spreading fertilizer over the fields top dressing,
Be conducive to Nutrient Absorption.Horse race water will be filled by meeting drought, it is noted that draining prevention against water-logging, avoids corn plants from being soaked for a long time after summer heavy rain.
5, Pest organism rat plague control
The plant protection policy for adhering to " putting prevention first, integrated control ", to reach the prevention purpose of " safely, effectively, economic ".
Pay special attention to harvest and forbids applying pesticides in first 20 days.
(1) large and small leaf spot
Leaf blight：Main blade of causing harm, also cause harm when serious leaf sheath and bract.Blade is just water stain shape grey fleck,
Develop to both sides along vein after extension, forms brown or the big scab of grey, there is black gray expandable mould layer when moist on spot.Helminthosporium maydis：From
Seedling stage to the maturity period can occur, and mainly cause harm leaf portion, but the bract of stem and fruit ear, seed can be also killed.Leaf spot lesion is small
And it is more, it is just the water stain shape of brown, is purple or red dizzy line circle after expansion.Scab on leaf sheath and fruit ear bract normally behaves as
Yellowish-brown, sick portion with black mustiness object.Control measure：1. cultural control：According to circumstances advocate collocation plantation, high temperature nuclear reactor
Fertilizer, and carry out ploughing deeply winter irrigation, crop rotation, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer are carried out, reasonable irrigation and drainage are removed invalid strain according to field and extractd in early stage
Lower part disease leaf.Pay attention to eliminating Field diseased plant, sick leaf reduces field bacterium amount.2. chemical prevention：50% thiophanate methyl 600 of mu
The spraying prevention of times liquid, 7~15 days primary, even spray 2~3 times.
(2) banded sclerotial blight
Main leaf sheath of causing harm, or evil cane, cause fruit ear aggrieved when serious.Scab is the moire shape spot of dirty green,
Edge dark brown, middle part light brown to canescence.Bald after the onset of fruit ear, the thin flat or browning of seed rots.Control measure：1. agricultural
Prevention：Invalid body and sclerotium are removed, early stage extracts sick leaf, medicament is used in combination to smear the site of pathological change such as leaf sheath.Crop rotation is carried out, is closed
Dense planting is managed, pays attention to digging trenches to drain the water away, reduces field humidity, weeds in field is eliminated in conjunction with intertillage.2. chemical prevention：Tasseling stage is best
Prevention phase, early stage select 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 1% jinggangmeisu, 400 times of liquid sprayings anti-
It controls, 7~10 days primary, even spray 2~3 times.Medicament is used alternatingly, and spray emphasis is base portion, protects leaf sheath.
(3) stem rot
Also known as bacterial wilt, tasseling stage are rapid especially after rain to the essential condition that maturity period high temperature, high humidity are its happening and prevelences
Fine, soil moisture is big, and temperature play liter often leads to the disease and breaks out to be formed, and symptom includes green withered, yellow withered and 3 type of web rot, preceding
Phase plant is gradually yellow withered, the discoloration of later stage base portion, rotten, and sick portion rots, and has rancid, and whole strain is withered.Control measure：1. agricultural is anti-
It controls：Field ventilation and penetrating light and the good gas permeability of soil are kept, field ponding is excluded in time after rain.It is crop rotation lesion and millet, big
The crops such as beans and rice carry out crop rotation.2. chemical prevention：With 1000~1200 times of liquid sprayings of root-rot spirit, spray in every 7~10 days is primary,
Continuous spray 2~3 times.
(4) curved spore mould leaf spot
Main blade of causing harm, also cause harm sometimes leaf sheath and bract.There is chlorisis fleck in initial stage, intermediate withered white after extension
To yellowish-brown, surrounding has light yellow haloing, there is powder when humidity is big, and the disease is easily in high temperature and rainy season prevalence.Control measure：
1. cultural control：In due course early sowing is made between rational close planting, with middle short stalk crop.2. chemical prevention：The heart is filled in trumpet period, with 6%
Pleasure is than 1000 times of liquid of 2000 times of liquid of cultivated wettable powder or 50% Tuzet wettable powder or 12.5% alkene oxazolone wettable powder
3 000 times of liquid spraying preventions of agent.
(5) tail spore leaf spot
Main blade of causing harm, morbidity are just grey to light brown scab, and the later stage is brown, and the scab back side is in ash when humidity is big
Color mustiness object, the rainy time susceptible disease of 7~August part.Control measure：1. cultural control：(set) plants to improve field between
Miniclimate is removed diseased plant, is drained in time after rain in time.2. chemical prevention：Early stage sprays, with 50% carbendazim wettable powder
800~900 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of agent or 40% Hinosan missible oil.
(6) corn borer
It is called borer, is the primary pest of corn, bite is often pierced at young young stem and leaf, cauline leaf tissue is destroyed, makes to support
Divide and moisture cannot convey, influence corn growth, drilling female fringe, which makes fruit ear fracture, after heading influences pollination.Control measure：1. agriculture
Industry prevents：Snout moth spawning period can large area trichogramma releases ovicidal.Adult stage can use black light lamp or gyplure to trap and kill.②
Chemical prevention：100~200 grams of BT pulvis (such as stick precious, vegetable grower) of trumpet period or 2.5% kill snout moth's larva spirit granule (1 ﹕ 16) and
The mixing fine sand such as beauveria bassiana granular formulation imposes on horn mouth, 2~3 grams every plant, ear period 800 times of 90% metrifonate or 18% dimehypo
300 times of perfusion tassels and female fringe filigree base portion kill larva.
(7) aphid
Juice, aggrieved melon strain leaf curl are drawn on blade back and tender stem with adult, melon seedling wilts, is even withered；Old leaf
It is aggrieved, it is withered ahead of time to fall, shorten fruiting period, causes the underproduction.Lobus cardiacus phase aphid uses chemical prevention before containing hair：10% aphid lice net 1000
The sprayings such as times 1000~1500 times of liquid of liquid or Acker Thailand prevention；.
(8) subterranean pest-insect
Black cutworm：Low instar larvae feeding seedling leaves are bitten seedling broken in night at notch or hole, after 3 ages and are pulled in hole
Feeding.Mole cricket：Adult and nymph bite seedling or main root broken.Grub：Happiness bite seed, seedling, root, stem etc..Chemical prevention：1. broadcasting
When kind seed furrow is spread on the mixed fine sand such as Le Siben granules, Frontline；2. come up, using poison bait：Mu is opposed with 90%
Hundred 50 grams of worms, add suitable water or gruel, and poison bait is mixed into thoroughly with bait such as 1 kilogram of peanut press pulps through stir-frying, in being spread on mu at dusk
It traps and kills on garden ground.
(9) prodenia litura, beet armyworm
The feeding blade before 3 age of larva, causes to incise, and food female fringe is eaten into after 3 ages, causes rotten fringe, harm very big.Agricultural
Prevention：Weeds are removed, pieces of an egg etc. are extractd.Chemical prevention：With the solvable pulvis of 80% metrifonate or time 3000 before 3 age of larva
~4000 times of liquid spraying preventions.
(10) grass, the plague of rats
Live streaming field mu before after planting sprouting carries out weeding with the full field spraying of 60% acetochlor ec, 500~800 times of liquid；It moves
Planting field, 400~500 times of liquid of mu Atrazine or Kirchhoff integral spray furrow face after transplanting survival and groove face carries out anti-grass.Xin Meixia
Precious sugariness is high, in milk stage it is noted that mouse is caused harm, with diphacinone-Na period poison bait mouse.
6, it harvests
It is different according to Various Seasonal harvest time, it sows in spring 20~25 days generally after pollination, is in brownish red in luxuriant Honoka silk.
Cauline leaf is still green, when inferior leads are slightly yellow sometimes, you can the green fringe of harvesting.
The Xin Meixiazhen shelf-lifves are longer than general corn, but sell edible or processing in time after should also harvesting, in order to avoid influence
Its due quality and flavor.
It is provided for the embodiments of the invention technical solution above to be described in detail, specific case used herein
The principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention are expounded, the explanation of above example is only applicable to help to understand this
The principle of inventive embodiments；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, embodiment according to the present invention, in specific embodiment party
There will be changes in formula and application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultural method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it selects to plant suitable for the regional season of light and temperature condition：The effective temperature of normal growth and development is not low
10 DEG C, the daily mean temperature of During Grain-filling requires to be not less than 20 DEG C；
(2) selection of land site preparation：Select the loam or sandy loam that soil layer is deep, soil fertility is high, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the fertile performance of water conservation rush is good
Plantation, spacing distance or florescence that should be with 400m or more between different cultivars be staggered 20 days or more；When site preparation deep ploughing 25~
30cm is tedded, is harrowed, plays furrow according to soil fertility difference, furrow are wide in 125~130cm, the high about 20cm of furrow；
(3) amount of control in due course fertilising：A, base manure：500~750kg of mu chicken manure adds composite fertilizer after adding calcium superphosphate 30kg stack rettings decomposed
15~20kg, additional hundred bio-bacterial manure 2kg difficult to understand clever, spread fertilizer over the fields before site preparation or furrow in ditch spread；
B, seed manure：Based on phosphorus, potash fertilizer, cooperation nitrogenous fertilizer is applied in three times, occupies the 20~25% of fertile total amount；
C, jointing fertilizer：Mu applies each 7.5~10kg of urea, potassium sulfate before jointing；Trumpet period mu applies urea
20~25kg of 15~17.5kg, potassium sulfate 10kg or composite fertilizer；Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compounding application, occupy fertile total amount 35~
40%；
D, luxuriant fertilizer is attacked：Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields urea 2.5kg or 1% urea and 0.4~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate root outer spraying 1~2
It is secondary, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, occupy 40% or so of fertile total amount；
(4) Cultivate administration：A, it sows：Using culturing and transplanting seedlings, plastic floppy disk, the PVC seedlings nursing plates in 100 holes is selected to be put into Nutrient medium
Matter, for seed per bunch planting 1 after presoaking and germinating, 2~3 leaf phases selected strong sprout in cloudy day or transplanting in afternoon, and sufficient root water is drenched after plant,
The growth regularity of seedling is kept；
B, planting density：For planting density at 2800~3200 plants/acre, ripe big growing area density is 3300 plants/acre or more, is moved
Miao Shi, by per furrow double row sowing or transplanting, 25~30 centimetres of spacing in the rows is a small amount of to earth up；
C, seedling management：Weeds in field is removed, arranges Rational Irrigation, 3 leaf phases look into seedling, fill the gaps with seedlings, it is ensured that full stand；4~5 leaf phases carried out
Go it is weak stay strong, pull out the extra seedling strain in field, one plant of strong sprout stayed per cave；
D, jointing-booting stage management：Jointing is front and back to extract base portion tiller, reduces nutrient consumption, cultivation and banking, after jointing fertilizer
Deep 6~8 centimetres of intertillage is carried out, thin 4~6 centimetres of ridging carries out shallow 2~4 centimetres of intertillage using attacking after luxuriant fertilizer, earths up 10~15 greatly
Centimetre；
E, male spinning grouting parameter management is taken out：It takes out hero and spits the healthy and strong luxuriant fringe of reservation one of every plant of luxuriant phase, two luxuriant fringes are grown simultaneously
, while double buds are stayed, extract other extra luxuriant fringes；
F, moisture management：Entire breeding time will keep field soil to moisten, and water in right amount after spreading fertilizer over the fields top dressing；
(5) Pest organism rat plague control：The policy for following " putting prevention first, integrated control ", using cultural control or chemical prevention
Or the control method that cultural control, physical control, biological control and chemical prevention are combined, harvesting are forbidden applying agriculture for first 20 days
Medicine；
(6) it harvests：When luxuriant Honoka silk is in brownish red, and cauline leaf is still that green or inferior leads are slightly yellow, you can the green fringe of harvesting.
2. a kind of Xin Meixiazhen corns green high-efficient cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the Pest organism rat plague control in (5) includes：Large and small leaf spot, banded sclerotial blight, stem rot, curved spore mould leaf spot, tail spore tikka
Disease, corn borer, aphid, subterranean pest-insect, prodenia litura, beet armyworm；Wherein,
The large and small leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and cultural control is：According to circumstances advocate collocation kind
It plants, During High-Temperature Composting, and carries out ploughing deeply winter irrigation, carry out crop rotation, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, reasonable irrigation and drainage remove invalid strain simultaneously according to field
Lower part disease leaf is extractd in early stage, pays attention to eliminating Field diseased plant, sick leaf reduces field germ amount；Chemical prevention is：50% first of mu
The 600 times of liquid spraying preventions of base thiophanate, 7~15 days primary, even spray 2~3 times；
The sheath blight disease controlling includes removing invalid body and sclerotium, and early stage extracts sick leaf, and medicament is used in combination to smear leaf sheath morbidity
Crop rotation is carried out at position, and rational close planting pays attention to digging trenches to drain the water away, and reduces field humidity, and weeds in field is eliminated in conjunction with intertillage；Tasseling stage
For optimum control period, early stage selects 400 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 1% jinggangmeisu
Spraying prevention, 7~10 days primary, even spray 2~3 times；
The stem rot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and cultural control is to keep field ventilation and penetrating light and good soil
Earth gas permeability, field ponding is excluded after rain in time, and crop rotation lesion and millet, soybean and rice crop carry out crop rotation；Chemical prevention
For：With 1000~1200 times of liquid sprayings of root-rot spirit, spray in every 7~10 days is primary, continuously sprays 2~3 times；
The curved spore mould leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and cultural control is in due course early sowing, rational close planting,
Make between middle short stalk crop；Chemical prevention is：Fill the heart in trumpet period, with 6% pleasure than 2000 times of liquid of cultivated wettable powder or
The 3000 times of liquid spraying preventions of 50% 1000 times of Tuzet wettable powder liquid or 12.5% alkene oxazolone wettable powder；
The tail spore leaf spot prevention includes cultural control and chemical prevention, and the cultural control is to be planted between to improve field
Miniclimate is removed diseased plant, is drained in time after rain in time；The chemical prevention：Early stage sprays, with 50% carbendazim wettable
800~900 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of pulvis or 40% Hinosan missible oil；
The corn borer prevention includes snout moth spawning period large area trichogramma releases ovicidal, adult stage black light lamp or property
Lure is trapped and killed；100~200 grams of BT pulvis of trumpet period 2.5% kills snout moth's larva spirit granule and beauveria bassiana granular formulation mixing fine sand
Impose on horn mouth, 2~3 grams every plant, ear period 300 times of perfusion tassels of 800 times of 90% metrifonate or 18% dimehypo and female fringe
Filigree base portion kills larva；
The prevention and control of aphids is to use chemical prevention before lobus cardiacus phase aphid contains hair：The net 1000 times of liquid of 10% aphid lice or Acker Thailand 1000
The sprayings such as~1500 times of liquid prevent；
The controlling underground pest is：When sowing seed furrow is spread on base manure with Le Siben granules, Frontline；Seedling goes out
When native, using poison bait：50 grams of 90% metrifonate of mu, adds suitable water or gruel, is mixed with 1 kilogram of peanut press pulp bait through stir-frying
It is even at poison bait, trapped and killed in being spread on mu garden ground at dusk；
The prodenia litura, beet armyworm prevention, including remove weeds, extract pieces of an egg, using trapping lamp, yellow plate, launch noctuid,
Beet armyworm gyplure；With 3000~4000 times of liquid spraying preventions of the solvable pulvis of 80% metrifonate or time before 3 age of larva.
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