CN109717029A - A method of Corn Stalk Rot resistance is improved by companion cropping - Google Patents
A method of Corn Stalk Rot resistance is improved by companion cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN109717029A CN109717029A CN201910183356.6A CN201910183356A CN109717029A CN 109717029 A CN109717029 A CN 109717029A CN 201910183356 A CN201910183356 A CN 201910183356A CN 109717029 A CN109717029 A CN 109717029A
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- bacterial wilt
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Abstract
The invention discloses the methods for improving Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping.Select the good susceptible bacterial wilt of yielding ability and the slightly worse two class corn hybrid seeds to bacterial wilt highly resistance of yielding ability.Similar two cenospecies such as ripe phase, plant height, quality, planting density are selected from these two types, the spatial distribution certain to the two distribution of breeds, which is arranged in pairs or groups, when sowing plants, compare intercropping plant every cave plantation or 1:1 row, thickness of sowing is the density that two kinds are suitable for, the line-spacings such as 60cm, cover-head water is poured after local best period is sowed, broadcast guarantees full stand.In dough stage, by strain by Varietal Investigation bacterial wilt diseased plant number and investigation total strain number, and disease incidence is calculated.Difference of the present invention according to different corn varieties in terms of yielding ability and Resistance to bacterial wilt carries out the reasonably combined plantation of kind, has taken into account the yielding ability and disease resistance of group, significant to corn mitigation stable yields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, and in particular to a kind of to improve Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping
Method.
Background technique
Corn is China the first generalized grain crop, is produced concerning China's grain security.Bacterial wilt is that maize production is often sent out
Disease.Corn Stalk Rot morbidity is affected by environment greatly, the violent fine day gas after milk stage encounters rain, and disease will be quickly popular.One
Denier will seriously affect normal plants, and then hinder substance in the intracorporal transport of plant.Therefore, corn pustulation period blueness is withered
The generation of disease, directly cuts off the source of kernel grouting, seriously affects kernel grouting, and final seed is shrivelled, fruit ear mass of 1000 kernel drop
It is low, it can 30% or more the underproduction when serious.
Bacterial wilt category soil-borne disease is influenced since main climate occurs, and happening and prevelence is fast, and medical treatment is extremely difficult.
For this purpose, maize culture team, agricultural college, Agricultural University Of He'nan, is tested by many years, proposes a kind of kind different using resistance
Carry out the method that companion cropping plantation improves group's resistance to bacterial wilt.
Summary of the invention
Main problem to be solved by this invention is that difficult problem is prevented and treated for bacterial wilt, bacterial wilt category soil-borne disease, but
Its generation is very big by such environmental effects, and the good kind of some yielding abilities endangers in the high temperature and humidity time vulnerable to bacterial wilt, this hair
It is bright that a kind of method for improving Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping is provided, it keeps reducing while the yielding ability of the kind green withered
The harm of disease.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of Corn Stalk Rot resistance is improved by companion cropping, comprising the following steps:
(1) screening varieties, according to different cultivars to the qualification test of Resistance to bacterial wilt, or according to variety popularization production practices
Inspection result filters out two verieties: first is that yielding ability is good, but Resistance to bacterial wilt is poor that (the bacterial wilt prevalence time is subject to blueness
Blight harm) corn hybrid seed A；Second is that yielding ability is slightly worse, but no matter big in normal year or bacterial wilt Resistance to bacterial wilt is strong (
Outburst the time be not easy to be infected by bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria) corn hybrid seed B.Secondly, by the A class filtered out and B veriety,
The ripe phase, plant height, Suitable Density, in terms of existing for similitude or when good consistency be combined collocation, general two
Variety matching is sowed at one group.
(2) planting patterns: mixing up the one group of corn hybrid seed matched or 1:1 row is than the spatial distribution kind made
It plants (as shown in Figures 2 and 3).Ordinary coating processing is carried out respectively to two kinds of this group of corn hybrid seed before sowing, it can be by A
Kind coating is red, and the coating of B kind is blue, and vice versa, is distinguished with effective convenient for sowing.Thickness of sowing is two kinds
Suitable Density, generally 4500~5500 plants/acre.Sowing line-spacing is the line-spacings such as 60cm.Seedtime is local corn seeding
Best period, the Summer Maize of Huang-Huai-Hai, general sowing time are annual early June.When mixing up sowing, every cave kind
It plants, i.e. one plant of A kind, one plant of B kind；When being sowed between 1:1, i.e. 1 row A kind, 1 row B kind, as shown in Fig. 1.
(3) field management: according to the condition of production in seeding corn region, pipe is carried out referring to local general production field standard
Reason.Cover-head water is poured after broadcasting, it is ensured that emergence is neat.It applies fertilizer when applying seed manure or 5 leaves when sowing, big bell mouth stage top dressing.According to
Soil moisture content waters in due course, and seedling stage appropriate arid can restrain the growth of seedlings strong sprout, and florescence, pustulation period are more sensitive to rainwater, need to water in due course.
(4) bacterial wilt disease survey: bacterial wilt disease survey period is corn late milk stage.The hair of each kind is investigated by strain
State of an illness condition.Determine that the illness that bacterial wilt occurs is, blade and bract chlorosis are in the boiling hot shape of water, and fruit ear is sagging, fringe handle softening browning, stem
Base portion browning even rots, and hand pinches softening, this is bacterial wilt strain.Total strain number is investigated, strain number of falling ill calculates diseased plant rate.Together
The investigation of one batch experiment one day terminates.Diseased plant rate=(morbidity strain number/investigation total strain number) * 100.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. present invention hereditary capacity different to Resistance to bacterial wilt according to different corn varieties,
And bacterial wilt is the occurrence characteristic of soil-borne disease, selects the corn hybrid seed that yielding ability is good but Resistance to bacterial wilt is different to carry out reasonable
Spatial distribution arrange in pairs or groups plantation, improve sense bacterial wilt kind to the resistance of bacterial wilt, effectively prevent the bacterial wilt of susceptible variety, into
And improve the compound population Resistance to bacterial wilt assembled and yielding ability.2. the present invention is using reasonable sense, anti-kind spatial distribution, tool
Effectively dilution and blocking pathogen.By the interaction of resistance to bacterial wilt kind root system and soil, two kinds are mixed up
Or for the work relatively nonoculture of sense bacterial wilt kind, bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria have obtained effective dilution, and then reduce susceptible variety
Bring pathogen contamination when morbidity makes microorganism in soil environment not spread unchecked breeding by bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria and reduce itself life
Object function.3. the present invention provides a kind of convenience, the reduction soil for efficient, save the cost, reducing labour, reducing environmental pollution
The method of bacterial wilt pathogenic bacteria in environment while cleaning soil, protects soil microbial community rich and diversity.It mentions
High corn compound population Resistance to bacterial wilt, yielding ability and yield stability, to ensure that national food security provides technological service.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is nonoculture figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention mixes up schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 makees schematic diagram between 1:1 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention will be further described.It should be understood that following embodiment is merely to illustrate this
The person skilled in the art of the range of invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, the field can make one according to the content of foregoing invention
A little nonessential modifications and adaptations.
Embodiment 1
The corn variety selected steps on 605 (DH605) of sea and sense bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed for resistance to bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed
Step on 701 (DH701) of sea, field processing is DH701 nonoculture (S-DH701), DH605 nonoculture (S-DH605), as shown in Figure 1；
DH701 and DH605 mixes up (M-DH701-DH605), as shown in Figure 2；Make (1:1I-DH701- between the 1:1 of DH701 and DH605
DH605), as shown in Figure 3.Test site be Zhumadian prefecture, Henan province city, the township Er Lang, Xiping County, Agricultural University Of He'nan proving ground,
Sowing on June 8th, 2018,5000 plants/acre of density, the line-spacings such as 60cm, every 10 row of cell, the long 10m of row repeats three times.After planting
Cover-head water is poured, first time topdressing chases after compound fertilizer 35kg/ mus of (N:P in 5 leaf phases2O5: K2O=12:12:24), second of top dressing
Big bell mouth stage, mu chase after urea 30kg.It is watered in real time according to soil moisture content, the management such as Pest organism are same to produce field.In dough stage by
Each cell middle two rows Corn Stalk Rot morbidity strain number and the two rows total strain number, disease incidence=(morbidity strain number/investigation are investigated in strain
Total strain number) × 100%.
Morbidity survey the results are shown in Table 1.As shown in Table 1, the disease incidence of DH701 nonoculture is apparently higher than DH605 nonoculture.Two product
Disease incidence is in significant downward trend after kind companion cropping.Wherein, the heavier DH701 of disease incidence is mixing up under Intercropping, sends out
Sick rate significantly reduces 72.0% and 74.8% respectively.DH605 reduces by 48.7% and 61.9%.It can be seen that alleviation of the invention
Bacterial wilt technology can substantially reduce the disease incidence of bacterial wilt.
The variation of 1 DH605 and DH701 companion cropping population risk of table
S:single nonoculture；M:mixed-cropping mixes up；I:inter-cropping mixes up；Similarly hereinafter.
Table 2 is different disposal change of production.As shown in Table 2, after companion cropping, the yield of DH605 and DH701 increase,
Middle DH605 yield increases by 1.7% and 2.2%.DH701 yield dramatically increases 8.2% and 6.8%.
The variation of 2 DH662 and DH701 companion cropping population yield of table
After bacterial wilt occurs, source organ's substance production and transportation are seriously affected.As shown in Table 3, feel bacterial wilt kind DH701
Mixing up under Intercropping, 100-grain weight dramatically increases 5.6% and 6.3% respectively.DH605 variation is not significant.
The variation of 3 DH605 and DH701 companion cropping group's 100-grain weight of table
Embodiment 2
The corn variety selected steps on 662 (DH662) of sea and sense bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed for resistance to bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed
701 (DH701) of sea are stepped on, field is handled mixes for DH701 nonoculture (S-DH701), DH662 nonoculture (S-DH662), DH701 and DH662
Make (1:1I-DH701-DH662) between work (M-DH701-DH662), DH701 and the 1:1 of DH662.Test site is Sanya, Hainan
The farm Nan Bin, sowing on November 22nd, 2018,5000 plants/acre of density, the line-spacings such as 60cm, every 6 row of cell, the long 6m of row weighs three times
It is multiple.Cover-head water is after planting poured, first time topdressing chases after compound fertilizer 30kg/ mus of (N:P in 5 leaf phases2O5: K2O=18:12:20),
Secondary additional hypertrophy trumpet period, mu chase after urea 20kg.It is watered in real time according to soil moisture content, the management such as Pest organism are the same as general crop field.
Bacterial wilt is investigated with embodiment 1.
Morbidity survey the results are shown in Table 4.As shown in Table 4, the disease incidence of DH701 nonoculture is apparently higher than DH662 nonoculture.Two product
Disease incidence is in significant downward trend after kind companion cropping.Wherein, the heavier DH701 of disease incidence is mixing up under Intercropping, sends out
Sick rate significantly reduces 63.2% and 66.1% respectively.DH662 reduces by 69.8% and 63.2%.It can be seen that alleviation of the invention
Bacterial wilt technology can substantially reduce the disease incidence of bacterial wilt.
The variation of 4 DH662 and DH701 companion cropping population risk of table
S:single nonoculture；M:mixed-cropping mixes up；I:inter-cropping mixes up；Similarly hereinafter.
Table 5 is different disposal change of production.As shown in Table 5, after companion cropping, the yield of DH662 and DH701 significantly increase
Add, wherein DH662 yield increases by 2.6% and 3.4%.DH701 yield increases by 6% and 5.5%.
The variation of 5 DH662 and DH701 companion cropping population yield of table
After bacterial wilt occurs, source organ's substance production and transportation are seriously affected.As shown in Table 6, feel bacterial wilt kind DH701
Mixing up under Intercropping, 100-grain weight dramatically increases 8.7% and 10.6% respectively.DH662 variation is not significant.
The variation of 6 DH662 and DH701 companion cropping group's 100-grain weight of table
Embodiment 3
The corn variety selected is resistance to bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed Henan rich 629 (YF629) and sense bacterial wilt corn hybrid seed
Step on 701 (DH701) of sea, test process are as follows: YF629 nonoculture (S-YF629), DH701 nonoculture (S-DH701), YF629 and DH701
Mix up and makees (1:1I-YF629-DH701) between the 1:1 of (M-YF629-DH701), YF629 and DH701.Sowing and management are the same as implementation
Column 2.
Morbidity survey the results are shown in Table 7.As shown in Table 7, the disease incidence of DH701 nonoculture is apparently higher than YF629 nonoculture.Two product
Disease incidence is in significant downward trend after kind companion cropping.Wherein, the heavier DH701 of disease incidence is mixing up under Intercropping, sends out
Sick rate significantly reduces 70.2% and 79.7% respectively.YF629 reduces by 62.8% and 77.8%.As it can be seen that alleviation blueness of the invention is withered
Sick technology can effectively reduce bacterial wilt disease incidence, effectively prevents for Corn Stalk Rot and provides a kind of simple and feasible method.
The variation of 7 YF629 and DH701 companion cropping population risk of table
Table 8 is different disposal change of production.As shown in Table 8, after companion cropping, the yield of DH701 and YF629 significantly increase
Add, wherein DH701 yield increases by 14.5% and 9.0%.YF629 yield is on a declining curve, but changes and do not reach the level of signifiance.
The variation of 8 YF629 and DH701 companion cropping population yield of table
After bacterial wilt occurs, source organ's substance production and transportation are seriously affected, and then influence grain weight.As shown in Table 9, sense is green
Blight kind DH701 100-grain weight is mixing up under Intercropping, dramatically increases 6.9% and 11.9% respectively.YF629 becomes in decline
Gesture, but change not significant.
The variation of 9 YF629 and DH701 companion cropping group's 100-grain weight of table
The present invention catches the difference of susceptible bacterial wilt and high resistance to bacterial wilt corn variety root system and edaphon interaction, and
Two verieties are carried out reasonable companion cropping and planted, changed around susceptible variety root system by the characteristics of bacterial wilt is soil-borne disease
Tiny ecosystem, reduce susceptible variety fall ill chance, to improve the Resistance to bacterial wilt of companion cropping compound population.The present invention is not according to
With difference of the corn variety in terms of yielding ability and Resistance to bacterial wilt, the reasonably combined plantation of kind is carried out, group has been taken into account
Yielding ability and disease resistance, it is significant to corn mitigation stable yields.This method is simple, not only operated conveniently, but also does not increase
Production cost, while having evaded chemical pesticide, environmental pollution is reduced, there is significant economic benefit and ecological benefits.To blueness
Blight prevention and treatment efficiently, provides technical guarantee for national food security.
Basic principles and main features and advantages of the present invention of the invention have been shown and described above.The skill of the industry
Art personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the above embodiments and description only describe
The principle of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these
Changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and
Its equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for improving Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) kind is matched: producing table in the process according to Resistance to bacterial wilt qualification result when variety certification, or according to variety popularization
It is existing, filter out that yielding ability is good, but the poor corn hybrid seed A of Resistance to bacterial wilt and yielding ability is slightly worse but Resistance to bacterial wilt is strong jade
Rice cenospecies B；
(2) planting patterns: mixing up the corn hybrid seed matched or 1:1 row is than intercropping plant, sows the first two kind
Can carry out respectively different colours coating agent processing, with show difference, thickness of sowing be two kinds Suitable Density, generally 4500
~ 5500 plants/acre, sowing line-spacing is the line-spacings such as 60cm, and seedtime is the best period of local corn seeding, Huang-Huai-Hai
Summer Maize, general sowing time are annual early June；
(3) it field management: according to seeding corn regional production situation, is managed referring to local general production field；Soil moisture content is insufficient
When broadcast after pour cover-head water, it is ensured that emergence is neat；
(4) bacterial wilt is investigated: bacterial wilt disease survey period is corn late milk stage, and the incidence of each kind is investigated by strain,
Total strain number is investigated, strain number of falling ill calculates diseased plant rate, and investigation in same batch experiment one day terminates, diseased plant rate=(morbidity strain number/
Investigate total strain number) * 100.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly (1) kind match determine breed combination when, also to take into account A, B kind the ripe phase, plant height, Suitable Density, in terms of
Relative uniformity.
3. the method according to claim 1 for improving Corn Stalk Rot resistance by companion cropping, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly determine that the illness that bacterial wilt occurs is when (4) bacterial wilt is investigated, blade and bract chlorosis are in the boiling hot shape of water, and fruit ear is sagging, fringe handle
Softening browning, basal part of stem browning even rot, and hand pinches softening, this is bacterial wilt strain.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104782410A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-22 | 河南农业大学 | Identification method for maize variety resistance to ralstonia solanacearum |
| CN105594425A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Green and efficient cultivation method of Xinmei Xiazhen sweet corn |
| CN109197435A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 河南农业大学 | The method for improving fruit ear setting percentage by different corn variety companion croppings |
-
2019
- 2019-03-12 CN CN201910183356.6A patent/CN109717029A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104782410A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-22 | 河南农业大学 | Identification method for maize variety resistance to ralstonia solanacearum |
| CN105594425A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 广东中源农业发展有限公司 | Green and efficient cultivation method of Xinmei Xiazhen sweet corn |
| CN109197435A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 河南农业大学 | The method for improving fruit ear setting percentage by different corn variety companion croppings |
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Inventor after: Li Hongping Inventor after: Li Chaohai Inventor after: An Panpan Inventor after: Wang Qun Inventor after: Zhao Yali Inventor after: Sun Qijie Inventor before: Li Hongping Inventor before: Li Chaohai Inventor before: Wang Qun Inventor before: Zhao Yali Inventor before: Sun Qijie |
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Application publication date: 20190507 |