CN103518781B - Core bio-control bacteria and organic fertilizer containing the core bio-control bacteria - Google Patents
Core bio-control bacteria and organic fertilizer containing the core bio-control bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518781B CN103518781B CN201310467297.8A CN201310467297A CN103518781B CN 103518781 B CN103518781 B CN 103518781B CN 201310467297 A CN201310467297 A CN 201310467297A CN 103518781 B CN103518781 B CN 103518781B
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the microbial fertilizer field, and particularly relates to a core bio-control bacteria and an organic fertilizer containing the core bio-control bacteria. Effective components of the core bio-control bacteria are harzianum and hygrospinocus var. beigingenis. The organic fertilizer comprises following components by weight: 3-7 parts of the core bio-control bacteria, 3-7 parts of tea saponin, 75-89 parts of organic materials and 5-11 parts of plant nutrients. The invention also provides a method of preparing the organic fertilizer containing the core bio-control bacteria. According to the organic fertilizer containing the core bio-control bacteria, the core bio-control bacteria can effectively prevent or relieve disease harm and pest harm which are caused by continuous cropping, and has a function of microbial remediation of soil pollution; the tea saponin has functions of repelling injurious insects and biotin; and the organic materials in the fertilizer can promote formation of a soil granular structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial manure field, specifically a kind of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and the fertilizer containing this core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph.
Background technology
The nutriment that the need of production soil of the ecological agriculture provides plant growth to breed and living environment, but the excessive exploitation of agricultural, partially execute chemical fertilizer of simple substance especially for a long time, produce many problems.As nutrient is single, soil structure destroys, and utilization rate of fertilizer is low, fruits and vegetables taste deterioration etc.Biological organic fertilizer is that one can improve crop quality, improvement soil, fertilizer equilibrium, the obvious resource-conserving of fertilizer efficiency, environmental friendly fertilizer.The existing bio-fertilizer of China, all based on organic matter, is then equipped with microbial inoculum and inorganic fertilizer mixes.Bio-fertilizer in application agriculturally gradually approve by people.In order to extensively improve the present situation of this traditional bio-fertilizer, researcher is devoted to develop the biological fertilizer products made new advances, it is made to provide crop alimentary, soil can be improved again, to disinfecting soil and soil insect can also be killed simultaneously, namely the pollutant utilizing biological decomposition and eliminate in soil, plays repair to soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for present situation, a kind of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and the fertilizer containing this core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph are provided.
A kind of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph provided by the invention, its active ingredient is Trichoderma harzianum (harzianum) and Streptomyces hygrospinosus (hygrospinocus var.beigingenis).Trichoderma harzianum is purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, and platform resource number is 1511C0001ACCC30371, Streptomyces hygrospinosus purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number: 1511C0001ACCC40052.
The mould living bacteria count of the Sino-Kazakhstan thatch wood of described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is 8.0 × 10
8~ 9.0 × 10
8cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Streptomyces hygrospinosus is 2.0 × 10
8~ 6.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total effectively viable bacteria element is 10.0 × 10
8~ 15.0 × 10
8cfu/g, being preferably the mould living bacteria count of the Sino-Kazakhstan thatch wood of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is 8.5 × 10
8cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Streptomyces hygrospinosus is 4.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total effectively viable bacteria element is 12.5 × 10
8cfu/g.
Described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is also containing enzyme active material, and described enzyme active material is albumen powder and organized enzyme, and the weight part ratio of albumen powder and organized enzyme is (2 ~ 4): (1 ~ 3), is preferably 3:2.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, after comprising the steps: that inclined-plane cultivation, shaking table cultivation and fermentation tank culture are carried out respectively to Trichoderma harzianum and Streptomyces hygrospinosus, the zymotic fluid concentrate drying obtained is obtained conidial powder, mixes and obtain core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph with enzyme active material in proportion.Concrete steps are:
1) preparation of Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder:
1. inclined-plane is cultivated: be aseptically inoculated on slant medium by the original strain of Streptomyces hygrospinosus, under 29 ± 1 DEG C of conditions, cultivate 36-48h,
2. shaking table is cultivated: bacterial classification step 1. cultivated aseptically is inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, and under pH value 6.5-7.0, temperature are 30 DEG C of conditions, 36-48h cultivated by 140-160r/min shaking table,
3. fermentation tank culture: bacterial classification step 2. cultivated aseptically is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, pH value 7.0-8.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature be 30 DEG C, under ventilation 1:0.8-1.1 condition, after cultivating 48-56h, bacterium number is greater than 1.0 × 10
10individual/mL, 80% thalline changes into gemma tank at present, obtains zymotic fluid,
4. by step 3. in the zymotic fluid that obtains, be prepared into Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder through concentrate drying,
Wherein, the formula of the slant medium that step is 1. described is as follows: glucose 15g, fish peptone 5g, yeast extract 5g, water 1000mL, agar 15g,
Wherein, the 2. described liquid culture based formulas of step is as follows: glucose 10g, beef extract 5g, dusty yeast 5g, starch 10g, beancake powder 5g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, water 1000mL,
Wherein, the fermentation tank culture based formulas that step is 3. described is as follows: corn flour 26kg, beancake powder 16kg, ammonium sulfate 4kg, glucose 8kg, dusty yeast 2.5kg, peptone 1.7kg, add water to 600kg.
2) preparation of Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder:
The original strain of Trichoderma harzianum is aseptically inoculated on slant medium by a, under 28 ± 1 DEG C of conditions, cultivate 48h,
B shaking table is cultivated: the bacterial classification that step a cultivates aseptically is inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, and under pH value 6.5-7.0, temperature are 30 DEG C of conditions, 24h cultivated by 160-200r/min shaking table,
C fermentation tank culture: the bacterial classification that step b cultivates aseptically is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, pH value 6.5-7.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature be 27-28 DEG C, ventilation is 1:0.7-0.8, after cultivation 48h, mycelium stops fermentation when accounting for 20% of cumulative volume, carry out solid fermentation and produce spore
D solid fermentation produces spore: be inoculated on solid fermentation medium by the mycelium after step c by fermentation tank cultivation, cultivate 48h, make its sporulation quantity reach 90%,
E is immersed in clear water by producing the medium after spore in steps d, thus obtains Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension,
The Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension concentrate drying obtained in step e is prepared into Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder by f,
Wherein, the formula of the slant medium described in step a is as follows: glucose 20g, murphy juice 200g, agar 20g, water 1000mL, pH nature,
Wherein, the liquid culture based formulas described in step b is as follows: white sugar 20g, yeast extract 0.5g, starch 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, sodium chloride 0.2g, water 1000mL,
Wherein, the fermentation tank culture based formulas described in step c is as follows: starch 12kg, beancake powder 1.2kg, corn flour 3kg, white sugar 12kg, yeast extract 0.3kg, magnesium sulfate 0.12kg, sodium chloride 0.12kg, add water to 600kg,
Wherein, the solid fermentation culture medium prescription described in steps d is as follows: the weight ratio of solid material and water is 1:0.8, and wherein, described solid material is made up of the component of following percentage by weight: cotton seed hulls 25%, corn flour 10%, wheat bran 65%.
3) mix with enzyme active material in proportion
Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder, the step 2 in proportion prepared by step 1)) the Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder prepared and enzyme active material mix and obtain core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph.
A kind of fertilizer containing described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the present invention, is made up of the component of following weight portion: core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph 3 ~ 7 parts, Tea Saponin 3 ~ 7 parts, organic 75 ~ 89 parts, nutrient for plants 5 ~ 11 parts.
A kind of fertilizer containing described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the present invention, is preferably made up of the component of following weight portion: core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph 5 parts, Tea Saponin 5 parts, organic 82 parts, nutrient for plants 8 parts.
Described Tea Saponin (Tea Saponin) is the Triterpene saponins material refined from wild camellia fruit.Tea Saponin of the present invention adopts water extraction and alcohol precipitation method to extract (i.e. water extraction after getting again alcohol precipitation).The process conditions of described water extraction are preferably extraction temperature 60 DEG C, liquid-solid ratio 10:1, extraction time 2h, extracting times 3 times, both obtain Tea Saponin leaching liquor after mixing.The process conditions of described alcohol precipitation are preferably concentration of alcohol 90%, ethanol and Tea Saponin leaching liquor volume ratio 4:1, alcohol precipitation temperature 75 DEG C, both obtain Tea Saponin after alcohol precipitation time 2.5h.
Described organic matter is after pulverizing mixing by colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake, fermentable is utilized to form, wherein, colza cake: soya-bean cake: the weight part ratio of sesame-send cake is (3 ~ 7): (2 ~ 4): (1 ~ 3), and preferably the weight part ratio of colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake is 5:3:2.Described fermentable is respectively according to effective viable bacteria element 5.0 × 10 by bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, aspergillus oryzae and yeast
8, 1.0 × 10
8, 1.0 × 10
8, 3.0 × 10
8the core material that is mixed of ratio, then mix stack retting 7 ~ 10d glycolysis thoroughly according to the ratio of 1kg core material and 1 ~ 2t substrate (colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake pulverize after mixture) and form.
Described nutrient for plants is active mineral matter and trace element, described active mineral matter is feldspar in powder, trace element is boron, zinc, magnesium, described nutrient for plants the feldspar in powder of several 7 ~ 13 weight portions and the trace element of 1 ~ 5 weight portion is mixed to be prepared from, described micronutrient boron, zinc, the weight part ratio of magnesium is (1 ~ 3): (0.3 ~ 0.7): (0.3 ~ 0.7), preferably described nutrient for plants is mixed by the trace element of the feldspar in powder of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions to be prepared from, and described micronutrient boron, zinc, the weight part ratio of magnesium is 2:0.5:0.5.Described feldspar in powder, boron, zinc, magnesium all cross 120 mesh sieves.
The present invention also provides described containing the application of core biocontrol microorganisms element fertilizer in crop-planting.
Described application is specially to do base manure (ditch spread or spread manuer in holes or spread fertilizer over the fields) or use of topdressing in crop-planting process.Consumption is 300 ~ 1000kg/hm
2, according to different crops and soil fertility, increase and decrease can be taken the circumstances into consideration.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is containing microbe species contained in the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and arrange in pairs or groups rationally, Trichoderma harzianum can produce multiple protein enzyme and antagonistic substance, " diaphragm " can be formed rapidly in plant rhizosphere field planting, and Streptomyces hygrospinosus can produce polypeptide antibiotics, when after their collocation, beneficial microorganism proteinase activity can be strengthened, antagonism and directly kill the ability of crop pathogens, effective prevention or alleviate the sick worm harm that crop brings because of the plantation of continuous cropping year after year, particularly ［ tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is comprised ］ and Solanaceae class mosaic disease (obacco mosaic virus) to tobacco mosaic, and the control of infecting caused rust etc. by the alternaric bacteria [Alternariaalternata (Fries) Keissler] of Deuteromycotina has special efficacy.
2, the present invention containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph fertilizer contained by the advanced science of preparation method of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, simple and feasible, bacterial classification spore count content is high, and active strong, the time-to-live is long.
3, the present invention passes through to add core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph containing the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, the microenvironment of beneficial microbe Faunal distribution and field planting procreation in soil is improved, the generation of a large amount of derivative chelating or blocked the direct harm of heavy metal to crop to a certain extent, has the function of microorganism remediation soil pollution.
4, the effect of the pest that has containing the Tea Saponin that the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph adds of the present invention and vitamin h; it itself is exactly good biopesticide; plant growth can also be stimulated; and for the underground pests being difficult to prevent and treat; as cutworm, earthworm, nematode etc. have effective killing action; and can not soil pollution be caused, be conducive to environmental protection.
5, the present invention is combined with inorganic colloid containing the organic matter contained in the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and forms organic-inorganic colloid complex in the soil body, promote the formation of soil aggregate, have and improve soil reason, voltinism energy, strengthen effect of soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability, organic matter wherein contains the nutriment that a large amount of Gong plants directly absorbs, and has good stable plant cell acid-base value and improves the degeneration-resistant ability of crop self.
6, the present invention is powdery or graininess formulation containing the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, and application process is simple and practical, does base fertilizer ditch spread or spreads manuer in holes or spread fertilizer over the fields, also can be used as topdressing at plantation Tian Tuzhong.
7, the present invention is effective containing the Field information of the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph: this present invention is contained the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph with 300kg/hm
2do base fertilizer ditch spread, 225kg/hm
2cave when doing cigarette transplantation of seedlings is fertile, and the full vegetative period of its whole tobacco can topdress again, and the nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium ratio that are 30% with the concentration adopting same method to use equivalent are compared with the composite fertilizer of 8:11:11, use fertilizer product of the present invention, cigarette strain well developed root system, weight per leaf increases by 11%, fall yellow damp good in good time, premature ripening 5 days, tobacco mosaic reduces 50%, and rust reduces 28%, after baking, first-class tobacco leaf ratio increases by 23%, fragrance increases, and smoking quality improves, and output reaches 3270kg/hm
2, than contrast volume increase 13%, and storage endurance.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art, is raw materials usedly commercial goods.
The Synthesis and applications of embodiment 1 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and Tea Saponin
1 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph preparation
1.1 its active ingredients of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the present invention are Trichoderma harzianum (harzianum) 8.5 × 10
8cfu/g and Streptomyces hygrospinosus (hygrospinocus var.beigingenis) 4.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total living bacteria count is 12.5 × 10
8cfu/g.Wherein Trichoderma harzianum (harzianum) is purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number: 1511C0001ACCC30371, Streptomyces hygrospinosus (hygrospinocus var.beigingenis) purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number: 1511C0001ACCC40052.
The preparation process of 1.2 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorphs is as follows:
1) preparation of Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder:
1. inclined-plane is cultivated: be aseptically inoculated on slant medium by the original strain of Streptomyces hygrospinosus, under 29 DEG C of conditions, cultivate 48h,
2. shaking table is cultivated: bacterial classification step 1. cultivated aseptically is inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, and under pH value 7.0, temperature are 30 DEG C of conditions, 48h cultivated by 160r/min shaking table,
3. fermentation tank culture: bacterial classification step 2. cultivated aseptically is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, pH value 7.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature be 30 DEG C, under ventilation 1:0.8 condition, after cultivating 48h, bacterium number is greater than 1.0 × 10
10individual/mL, 80% thalline changes into gemma tank at present, obtains zymotic fluid,
4. by step 3. in the zymotic fluid that obtains, be prepared into Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder through concentrate drying,
Wherein, the formula of the slant medium that step is 1. described is as follows: glucose 15g, fish peptone 5g, yeast extract 5g, water 1000mL, agar 15g,
Wherein, the liquid culture based formulas that step is 2. described is as follows: glucose 10g, beef extract 5g, dusty yeast 5g, starch 10g, beancake powder 5g, K
2hPO
40.5g, MgSO
40.2g, water 1000mL,
Wherein, the fermentation tank culture based formulas that step is 3. described is as follows: corn flour 26kg, beancake powder 16kg, ammonium sulfate 4kg, glucose 8kg, dusty yeast 2.5kg, peptone 1.7kg, add water to 600kg.
2) preparation of Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder:
The original strain of Trichoderma harzianum is aseptically inoculated on slant medium by a, under 28 DEG C of conditions, cultivate 48h,
B shaking table is cultivated: the bacterial classification that step a cultivates aseptically is inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, and under pH value 7.0, temperature are 30 DEG C of conditions, 24h cultivated by 180r/min shaking table,
C fermentation tank culture: the bacterial classification that step b cultivates aseptically is inoculated in fermentation tank culture medium, pH value 7.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature be 28 DEG C, ventilation is 1:0.8, after cultivation 48h, stops fermentation when mycelium accounts for 20% of cumulative volume, carry out solid fermentation and produce spore
D solid fermentation produces spore: be inoculated on solid fermentation medium by the mycelium after step c by fermentation tank cultivation, cultivate 48h, make its sporulation quantity reach 90%,
E is immersed in clear water by producing the medium after spore in steps d, thus obtains Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension,
The Trichoderma harzianum spore suspension concentrate drying obtained in step e is prepared into Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder by f,
Wherein, the formula of the slant medium described in step a is as follows: glucose 20g, murphy juice 200g, agar 20g, water 1000mL, pH nature,
Wherein, the liquid culture based formulas described in step b is as follows: white sugar 20g, yeast extract 0.5g, starch 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, sodium chloride 0.2g, water 1000mL,
Wherein, the fermentation tank culture based formulas described in step c is as follows: starch 12kg, beancake powder 1.2kg, corn flour 3kg, white sugar 12kg, yeast extract 0.3kg, magnesium sulfate 0.12kg, sodium chloride 0.12kg, add water to 600kg,
Wherein, the solid fermentation culture medium prescription described in steps d is as follows: the weight ratio of solid material and water is 1:0.8, and wherein, described solid material is made up of the component of following percentage by weight: cotton seed hulls 25%, corn flour 10%, wheat bran 65%.
3) mix with enzyme active material in proportion
Streptomyces hygrospinosus conidial powder, step 2 prepared by step 1)) the Trichoderma harzianum conidial powder prepared mixes according to the ratio of 4:8.5, joins in enzyme active material.Described enzyme active material is albumen powder and organized enzyme, and the weight part ratio of albumen powder and organized enzyme is 3:2.Mix and obtain core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, wherein the living bacteria count of Trichoderma harzianum is 8.5 × 10
8cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Streptomyces hygrospinosus is 4.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total effectively viable bacteria element is 12.5 × 10
8cfu/g.
The making of 2 Tea Saponins
Tea Saponin (Tea Saponin) is the Triterpene saponins material refined from wild camellia fruit.Tea Saponin of the present invention adopts water extraction and alcohol precipitation method to extract (i.e. water extraction after getting again alcohol precipitation).The process conditions of described water extraction are extraction temperature 60 DEG C, liquid-solid ratio 10:1, extraction time 2h, extracting times 3 times, and mixing both obtained Tea Saponin leaching liquor.The process conditions of described alcohol precipitation are concentration of alcohol 90%, ethanol and Tea Saponin leaching liquor volume ratio 4:1, alcohol precipitation temperature 75 DEG C, both obtain Tea Saponin after alcohol precipitation time 2.5h.
The present embodiment is applied as core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture after core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and Tea Saponin being mixed by weight the ratio of 1:1.
The application of 3 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorphs and Tea Saponin
Within 3.12012 years, adopt above-mentioned core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture to test in Xin Tangtou village, Zhong He town, Ningyuan County, Hunan Province, experiment area 5 mu, soil fertility is medium, and soil types belongs to yellow mud field.
3.2 test on tobacco leaf crop, and kind is " No. 4, Hunan cigarette ", are by the common seed selection of cigarette in middle southern station, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province tobacco company and Hunan, in the examination of national district, produce in demonstration and industrial evaluation and have outstanding performance.Experimental field is provided with 3 mu, core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph test block and contrast disposal area 2 mu.Carry out calibration respectively to observe, record sampling.
3.3 test method
3.3.1 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture experimental field: divide 2 uses by core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture, namely when first time carries out row replacement or ditch basal dressing, the mother liquor prepared is watered and imposes on (furrow face trench digging) in ditch, while base manure amount minimizing 25% compared with check plot.I.e. Special compound fertilizer for tobacco (total nutrient>=30%(8-11-11), purchased from Hu'nan Gold Leaf Public Expectation Technology Co., Ltd.) 390kg/hm
2, check plot is 525kg/hm
2.Mother liquor, inferior to latter about 35 days of transplanting, is watered foliage-spray once by second.
3.3.2 check experiment field: basal dressing carries out with the experimental field of using core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture simultaneously for the first time, i.e. cigarette base special fertilizer every mu of 525kg/hm
2, other fertilizer are identical.
3.3.3 fertilization time:
A. the time of basal dressing is on March 2nd, 2012;
B. second time sprays the time of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture is on April 18th, 2012.
3.3.4 test data sheet method
In each experimental field, selected cigarette strain 50 is observed, and record, then samples.
3.4 production phase records
March 12 transplanted, and March 15 returned seedling, and stretching the root phase is 15-April 29 March, and 1-3 day in May buddings, and May 18 pinched, bottom cigarette of gathering May 28.
The contrast of output, proterties and grade is in table 1, and physiological trait record is in table 2.
Table 1 application core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture and the tobacco production contrasted, proterties and grade comparing result
Table 2 application core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture and the tobacco physiological trait record contrasted
4 result of the tests
Field observation result shows, breeding time, group's phase and first flower bud phase, have bigger difference to the maturing stage after pinching, main manifestations was without obvious difference:
It is more concentrated that 4.1 maturations comparatively contrast performance, and layering falls yellow good.
4.2 resistances against diseases, special mosaic disease resisting and rust ability are comparatively strong, and the incidence of disease of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph district and check plot is respectively 0.26% and 1.3%.Soil insect harm obviously alleviates, and cigarette shoot survival percent is up to 98%.
4.3 as can be seen from Table 2, uses core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture when base manure reduces by 25% consumption, its cigarette plant height degree and maximum blade with contrast difference not quite, and stem girth and effective blade number are all higher than check plot.
4.4 as can be seen from Table 1, and use core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph mixture and have the effect promoting cigarette strain healthy growth and development, its Be very effective is better than conventional fertilizer.
Embodiment 2 is containing the preparation of the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph
1 preparation
1.1 containing composition (by weight) the core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph 5 parts of fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, Tea Saponin 5 parts, organic 82 parts, nutrient for plants 8 parts.
Wherein the preparation method of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is shown in " the 1 core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph preparation " in embodiment 1, and the preparation method of Tea Saponin is shown in " making of 2 Tea Saponins " in embodiment 1.Described organic matter is that after pulverizing mixing by colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake, utilize fermentable to form, the weight part ratio of colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake is 5:3:2.Fermentable be first by bacillus subtilis (purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number is 1511C0001ACCC10118), (Trichoderma harzianum is purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center for Trichoderma harzianum, platform resource number is 1511C0001ACCC30371), aspergillus oryzae is (purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number is 1511C0001ACCC30155) and yeast (purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center, platform resource number is 1511C0001ACCC21092) respectively according to effective viable bacteria element 5.0 × 10
8, 1.0 × 10
8, 1.0 × 10
8, 3.0 × 10
8the core material that is mixed of ratio, then mix stack retting 7 ~ 10d glycolysis thoroughly according to the ratio of 1kg core material and 1 ~ 2t substrate (colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake pulverize after mixture) and form.
Described nutrient for plants is active mineral matter and trace element, described active mineral matter is feldspar in powder, trace element is boron, zinc, magnesium, described nutrient for plants is mixed by the trace element of the feldspar in powder of 10 weight portions and 3 weight portions to be prepared from, and the weight part ratio of described micronutrient boron, zinc, magnesium is 2:0.5:0.5.Described feldspar in powder, boron, zinc, magnesium all cross 120 mesh sieves.
2 containing the preparation of fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph
By core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph 5 parts, Tea Saponin 5 parts, organic 82 parts, the parts by weight mixing and stirring of nutrient for plants 8 parts, after special processing technology granulation, obtains the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph.
Embodiment 3 is containing the fertilization effect test of the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph
For a long time owing to using chemical fertilizer in a large number, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is fewer and feweri, does not even use.Owing to really playing a significant role to crop yield when chemical fertilizer is brought into use, people just ignore organic fertilizer application.Cause soil compaction, gas permeability poor water retention property, organic decline, damage by disease and insect obviously increases, and crop quality declines, and particularly veterinary antibiotics series products loses original taste especially.Therefore increasing people starts fertilizer particularly biological organic fertilizer production and operation technique research, and the biological organic fertilizer of existing many brands appears on the market at present, and occupies significant proportion.But the application of biological organic fertilizer is actually rare in fast-growing leaf vegetables, the fertilizer efficiency how evaluating them also lacks favourable test data.For this this test is from field plot trial, explore the availability of biological organic fertilizer in a variety of Chinese cabbage produces.
1 test material and method
1.1 test sites: test at 3 groups, Zhen Jiangbian village, the water caltrop pool, Lingling District, Yongzhou City, Hubei Province Luo Xian cloud vegetable field.
1.2 for examination soil: experimental field soil species is river sand mud, soil organic matter 25.6g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 153mg/kg, available phosphorus 13.2mg/kg, available potassium 94mg/kg, pH value 6.0.
1.3 for examination fertilizer: biological organic fertilizer is the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2, and composite fertilizer is 48% A Kang composite fertilizer (16-16-16), and containing nitrate nitrogen, Russian A Kang company produces, and available from Beijing Yong Shengfeng means of agricultural production Co., Ltd.
1.4 for studying thing and kind
Crop is a variety of Chinese cabbage, and kind is Brassica rapa L, and academy of agricultural sciences of Hunan Province Vegetable Research Institute provides.
1.5 Main Cultivation control measures: select heat resistanceheat resistant, wind resistance rain, disease-resistant, grow a variety of Chinese cabbage breeding rapidly, cultivate of the right age strong sprout, transplant in time, rational close planting, strengthen rich water quality management, timely intertill and clean tillage, in good time anti-worm etc. of curing the disease.
1.6 test methods: test designs 4 process altogether, repeats 3 times, Ji12Ge community, random district group arranges, plot area 33.3m
2.
1. the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is used in process one: spread fertilizer over the fields 48% A Kang composite fertilizer 750kg/hm
2the fertilizer 2250kg/hm containing the core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of+embodiment of the present invention 2
2make base manure, 45kg/hm
2urea topdresses.
2. process two and use deactivation biological organic fertilizer: spread fertilizer over the fields 48% A Kang composite fertilizer 750kg/hm
2the fertilizer 2250kg/hm containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 after+deactivation
2make base manure, 45kg/hm
2urea topdresses.Deactivation mode is: under 160 DEG C of conditions, maintain 2 hours with oven and carry out sterilizing.
3. process three CK I and use composite fertilizer: spread fertilizer over the fields 48% A Kang composite fertilizer 750kg/hm
2make base manure, 45kg/hm
2urea topdresses.
4. four CK II blanks are processed: not organic fertilizer, not to fertilize.
1.7 field management: the principle following " the suitableeest " and " generally ", produce consistent with large area.Other control measures each process and be entirely consistent, and meeting production requirement, being responsible for in a few days completing by special messenger.
1.8 test performances: for examination a variety of Chinese cabbage Brassica rapa L in seeding and seedling raising on July 25, July 28 emerged, August 5, August 6 transplanted, and seedling age 12 days, every community plants 16 row, often capable cultivation 52 strain, and totally 832 strains, roll over 24960 strains/hm by different disposal basal dressing
2, be responsible for having planted within the same day by special messenger.Transplanting spread fertilizer over the fields urea 45kg/hm August 20 after turning green
2topdress (processing except four CK II blanks), August 15 was responsible for weeding once by special messenger, August 16 prevented and treated a diamond-back moth and cabbage caterpillar with 2% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid, fine day early, evening, sprayed once in field entirely, and keep ground moistening, other control measures respectively process and are consistent completely, and meet production requirement, are responsible for in a few days completing by special messenger.For examination a variety of Chinese cabbage in field survey on September 1 product, September 3 gathered in the crops.Each process community list is received, is singly counted output.
2 test results and analysis
2.1 impacts that a variety of Chinese cabbage rhizome and overground part are grown: pilot survey shows, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph has larger impact to the biological characteristic of a variety of Chinese cabbage and economic characters.Plant height: process one average plant height increases 0.8cm than process two, increases 1.0cm, increase 6.6cm than process four (blank) than process three CK I sealing fertilizer.Leaf is long: process one average leaf length increases 1.6cm than process two, increases 2.1cm, increase 6.5cm than process four than process three.Ye Kuan: processing a mean blade width ratio process two increases 0.3cm, increases 0.4cm, increase 1.5cm than process four than process three.The complete number of sheets: the average number of sheets completely of process one increases by 0.2 than process two, increases by 0.4, increase by 1.2 than process four than process three.Collar is thick: process one average collar slightly increases 0.1cm than process two, increases 0.2cm, increase 0.3cm than process four than process three.Single-strain fresh weight: process one average single-strain fresh weight 53.27g, increases 10.06g than process two, increase 12.09g than process three, increase 29.89g than process four.
2.2 impacts on yield of pakchoi: table 3 shows: process an average yield 13290kg/hm
2, increase 2505kg/hm than process two
2, rate of growth is 23.2%, than process three 3015kg/hm
2, rate of growth is 29.3%, increases 6210kg/hm than process four (blank)
2, rate of growth is 87.7%.Through F inspection, between process, difference extremely significantly (table 4).New multipole difference Multiple range test (table 5), process one is compared with process two, and effect of increasing production reaches significance level, process one with process three with process four and compare, effect of increasing production all reaches pole significance level.
Table 3 different fertilization is on the impact of yield of pakchoi
The F check table that table 4 different fertilization affects yield of pakchoi
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | All square | F value | F0.05 | F0.01 |
| Between process | 3 | 651.153 | 217.051 | 24.919 | 4.757 | 9.780 |
| Between repetition | 2 | 0.852 | 0.426 | 0.049 | 5.143 | 10.925 |
| Error | 6 | 52.262 | 8.710 | － | － | － |
| Total sum of squares | 11 | 704.267 | － | － | － | － |
New multipole difference Multiple range test (Se=1.704) that table 5 different fertilization affects yield of pakchoi
2.3 impacts on a variety of Chinese cabbage economic benefit: result of the test shows, a variety of Chinese cabbage presses the there and then market price 4 yuan/kg, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is by 1000 yuan/t, 48% A Kang composite fertilizer is by 4400 yuan/t, urea, by 2800 yuan/t, processes the fertilizer cost 5670 yuan/hm of one and process two
2, add the cost of labor 300 yuan/hm of fertilising
2, add up to cost 5970 yuan/hm
2, process three adds up to cost 3420 yuan/hm
2.Process one increases net income 9510 yuan/hm respectively than process three
2, input-output ratio reaches 1:4.7, and economic benefit is fairly obvious.
2.4 impacts on a variety of Chinese cabbage reducing sugar, vitamin C and crude fiber content: reducing sugar is one of most important sugared source in human nutrition, and a variety of Chinese cabbage content of reducing sugar is one of important indicator of its nutritive value.Table 6 shows, process an a variety of Chinese cabbage content of reducing sugar obviously to increase, a variety of Chinese cabbage content of reducing sugar of each process increases by 9.2% ~ 34.84% than process four (blank), on average increases by 20.1%, wherein process one and increase by 15.9% and 23.4% than process two and process three respectively, reach pole significance level.Illustrate that the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph can significantly improve content of reducing sugar and the nutritive value of a variety of Chinese cabbage.
Table 6 shows, and the Vitamin C content of each process increases by 7.7% ~ 13.7% than process four (blank), on average increases by 10.8%; Wherein process one and increase by 4.1% and 5.6% than process two and process three respectively, illustrate that biological organic fertilizer can significantly improve the ascorbic content of a variety of Chinese cabbage, thus improve its quality.
Crude fiber content evaluates vegetable nutrient to be worth important indicator.Table 6 shows, and a variety of Chinese cabbage crude fiber content of each process reduces by 11.6% ~ 23.4% than process four (blank), on average reduces by 17.1%.Wherein process one and reduce 23.4%, reach pole significance level, reduce 9.4% and 16.5% than process two and process three respectively, reach significance level.Illustrate that process one can significantly reduce a variety of Chinese cabbage crude fiber content, improve quality.From mouthfeel evaluation, after application of organic fertilizers, a variety of Chinese cabbage mouthfeel is good, and commodity is good, and market sale is good.
Table 6 contains the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph to the impact of the inherent nutrient content of a variety of Chinese cabbage
The effect of 2.5 pairs of improvement soil: show with the rear Soil K+adsorption result of results before broadcasting, each process soil pH value is identical, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter all have significant change, and process one executes nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter after biological organic fertilizer results higher than process two, process three and process four; Process the available nitrogen of two, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter also higher than process three and process four, show process one and process two under natural environmental condition to improvement soil, culture fertility, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and have good effect, and process one is better than process two (see table 7).
Front and the rear essential nutrient contents of soil of results sowed by table 7
3 conclusion (of pressure testing)s
3.1 fertilizers containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph using the embodiment of the present invention 2 more can promote growing of Brassica rapa L a variety of Chinese cabbage than sealing fertilizer, improve to a variety of Chinese cabbage intrinsic chemical component content simultaneously.Wherein content of reducing sugar increases by 24.3% than sealing fertilizer, and Vitamin C content increases by 5.3% than sealing fertilizer, and crude fiber content reduces by 16.2% than sealing fertilizer, and the yield and quality of a variety of Chinese cabbage is greatly improved.Input-output ratio reaches 1:4.7, and economic benefit is obvious.
3.2 use the embodiment of the present invention 2 can accelerate Brassica rapa L a variety of Chinese cabbage containing the fertilizers of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph grow tip speed, balanced growth 1 leaf, and rhizome increases thick, single-strain fresh weight increases, improve the Major Economic of Brassica rapa L a variety of Chinese cabbage, and have significant effect to raising output.Output average specific sealing fertilizer increases 3015kg/hm
2, rate of growth is 29.3%, reaches pole significance level.
3.3 use the embodiment of the present invention 2 containing the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, soil organic matter content 8.09% ~ 10.13% can be improved, to culture fertility, promote soil organic matter content, improve soil physical chemistry performance and there is good effect.This is that rhizosphere effective microbe rolls up, and its activity not only can secrete more vitamin and somatotropin etc. due to after using biological organic fertilizer, promote the growth of Brassica rapa L a variety of Chinese cabbage, and soil organic matter decomposition and inversion can be promoted, strengthen soil fertility, improve utilization rate of fertilizer.This product has the ability that soil insect was driven and killed to biology simultaneously, improves the planting percent of a variety of Chinese cabbage, enhances resistance, facilitates the healthy development of a variety of Chinese cabbage.
The embodiment 4 organic fertilizer application effect test containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the present invention
1 materials and methods
1.1 for examination bacterial manure title and source: the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2; The anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure that withers, effective viable bacteria element>=10.0 × 10
8cfu/g, the bio tech ltd's production and marketing of source, Baofeng, Laohekou City, Hubei Province; Special compound fertilizer for tobacco, total nutrient>=30%(8-11-11), namely concentration is 30%, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 8:11:11, purchased from Hu'nan Gold Leaf Public Expectation Technology Co., Ltd..Flue-cured tobacco cultivars is No. 4, Hunan cigarette.
1.2 test process: test adopts randomised block design, and test relates to 2 kinds of bio-fertilizers and 1 contrast, fertilizing method routinely, often process 3 times and repeat, single file district, cigarette 30 strain is planted in every community.By the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 respectively and the anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure 450kg/hm that withers
2do base fertilizer ditch spread, 225kg/hm
2cave when doing cigarette transplantation of seedlings is fertile, no longer topdresses in the full vegetative period of tobacco.The Special compound fertilizer for tobacco of equivalent (CK) is in contrast used to adopt same method.
1.3 observe record: observe economical characters such as leaf area index, plant height, stem girths.
List and adopt roasting in each community, tobacco leaf grading is produced by the respectively classifications of national 40 grade standards, poidometer.Performance assessment criteria: output, the output value, average price, first-class cigarette ratio, better-than-average cigarette ratio.Often process is got middle tangerine three (tobacco leaf degree) 0.5kg and is done quality of tobacco conventional analysis, comprising: protein, nicotine, reducing sugar, total reducing sugar, schmuck value, K content.
2 interpretations of result
2.1 different disposal are on the impact of cigarette strain biological character: by finding out cigarette strain biological character investigation (table 8) of test process, and the strain of each process cigarette has been grown successively, but final leaf area index, plant height and stem girth difference are little.Analysis of variance does not also show the significance of difference.
The process of table 8 different fertilizer is on the impact of biological tobacco proterties
2.2 different disposal are on the impact of yield of flue-cured tobacco: have a certain impact (table 9) to the output of flue-cured tobacco containing using of microbial organic fertilizer, and each process output order is from high to low followed successively by the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2, anti-withered and yellow wither bacterial manure and contrast.Can find out through variance analysis and Multiple range test: between different disposal, output reaches significance level, fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, the anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure that withers of the embodiment of the present invention 2 reach significance level with contrast difference, and the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 reaches pole significance level with contrasting.Observe comprehensive analysis according to land for growing field crops, the harm of soil insect obviously alleviates, and cigarette shoot survival percent is up to 98%.
Table 9 different fertilizer process yield of flue-cured tobacco compares
Note: a, b, c represent that the pole significance (5%) of difference between processed group measures, ab represent this processed group and a, b process group difference not remarkable, A, B represent difference between processed group significance (1%) measure, AB represent this processed group and A, B process group difference not remarkable.
2.3 different disposal are on the impact of flue cured tobacco quality: adopt roasting by listing, and classification calculates, and each process different grades of tobacco percentage situation is in table 10.Result shows the grade performance preferably effect of 2 kinds of microbial manures to flue-cured tobacco, the first-class cigarette ratio contrast of the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure that withers, the embodiment of the present invention 2 improves 14.7% and 22.7% respectively, and in 2 kinds of microbial manures, the contrast of first-class cigarette ratio improves 2.9% and 9.5% respectively.
The fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 shows also quite obvious in the output value on the impact of flue-cured tobacco, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of embodiment 2, the community output value of the anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure that withers are respectively than contrast high 33.38% and 28.64%, and average price order is from high to low the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2, anti-withered and yellow wither bacterial manure and contrast successively.
The process of table 10 different fertilizer is on the impact of flue cured tobacco quality
| Process | First-class cigarette/% | Medium grade cigarette/% | Inferior cigarette/% | The output value/first hm -2 | Average price/first kg -1 |
| CK contrasts | 34.7 | 49.1 | 16.2 | 14869.80 | 9.25 |
| The anti-withered and yellow bacterial manure that withers | 49.4 | 37.3 | 13.3 | 19128.15 | 9.78 |
| The fertilizer of embodiment 2 | 57.4 | 35.9 | 8.2 | 19833.15 | 10.72 |
2.4 containing the fertile impact on flue-cured tobacco intrinsic chemical composition of microbial organic fertilizer: from the impact (table 11) of different disposal on the intrinsic chemical composition of tobacco leaf, though numerical value has certain variation, luffing is little in general, all at High Quality Tobacco content range.
The process of table 11 different fertilizer is on the impact of tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition
2.5 affect after flue-cured tobacco adopts roasting end containing microbial organic fertilizer is fertile on essential nutrient contents of soil, measure immediately, the results are shown in Table 12 to the nitrogen in different disposal soil, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter.
The process of table 12 different fertilizer is on the impact on essential nutrient contents of soil
Shown by measurement result, 2 kinds of bio-bacterial manures for examination have certain getting fat effect, and the content of organic matter, available potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus is all higher than contrast.After illustrating that microbial-bacterial fertilizer executes soil thus, by a series of vital movement, improve fertility key element main in soil.
From result of the test, 2 kinds do not show obvious effect containing microbial organic fertilizer to the biological property of flue-cured tobacco.But in test, 2 kinds all show obvious positive role containing microbial organic fertilizer to indexs such as the Yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and average prices, this is mainly manifested in the baking property of blue or green tobacco leaf when toasting, 2 kinds of process tobacco leaves done very well containing microbial organic fertilizer easily toast, the high-grade tobacco leaf ratio baked is large, by contrast, some tobacco flue-curing of contrast terminates outer levels such as becoming.
Embodiment 5 is containing the application effect test of the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph
For exploring the effect of bio-organic fertilizer on staple crops, according to the arrangement at clay fertilizer station, the Hu-nan's agriculture Room, clay fertilizer station, Lixian County, Hunan Province have selected the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph and " forest people board " biological organic fertilizer of the embodiment of the present invention 2, rape carries out the field plot comparative trial of biological organic fertilizer, now result of the test has been summarized as follows:
1, test material
1.1 test sites: Bai Sheng village, Meng Xi town, Lixian County, Hunan Province is in the farmland covered by contract continuing merit.
1.2 experimental cultivars: magnificent Hunan oil No. 10 (Hunan Ya Huazhong industry research institute provides).
1.3 for examination fertilizer: the embodiment of the present invention 2 biological organic fertilizer; Forest people board biological organic fertilizer (efficiently three-in-one), Cangzhou City Lv Yuanfei industry Co., Ltd produces.
2, test method
2.1 experimental scheme: test region arranges 3 process, repeat for 3 times, totally 9 communities, random district group arranges, and community is rectangle, area 33.3m
2.Previous crops late rice, rape was sowed on September 11st, 2011, and October 15, individual plant was transplanted, and on April 18th, 2012 gathers in the crops, planting density 112500 strains/hm
2.Experimental field surrounding protection row 1.5cm is wide.
Process 1(CK1): farmyard manure 15000kg/hm
2do base manure row replacement;
Process 2(CK2): forest people board biological organic fertilizer 1500kg/hm
2do base manure row replacement;
Process 3: the fertilizer 1500kg/hm containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2
2do base manure row replacement.
2.2 field management: other field management measures of each process are consistent.Flower bud a kind of sedge phase imposes composite fertilizer 375kg/hm
2, Seedling Stage, flower bud a kind of sedge phase respectively spray 0.2% boron fertilizer once, and full-bloom stage sprays 80% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and prevents and treats stalk break.
During investigation, average by five point samplings in every community, and during results, the single receipts in each community, singles, list shine, calculate output separately.
3, test results and analysis
3.1 different disposal are on the impact of rape economic characters: investigate and record through the rape plant height of different disposal, the effectively economic characters such as branch amount, thousand kernel weight, the results are shown in Table 13, table 14.
Table 13 different disposal affects result to rape economic characters
The comparative result of rape economic characters between table 14 different disposal
As shown in Table 14, use the process 3 of the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 compared with other contrast, economic characters are greatly improved.Compared with using the process 2 of forest people board biological organic fertilizer, really number, every seed number per pod and thousand kernel weight add 1cm, 0.4,7.2,1.3 and 0.2g respectively for the plant height of process 3, the effective branch amount of individual plant, individual plant effective angle.Compared with the process 1 of using farmyard manure, really number, every seed number per pod and thousand kernel weight add 3cm, 1.1,25.7,1.7 and 0.3g respectively for the plant height of process 3, the effective branch amount of individual plant, individual plant effective angle.As can be seen here, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph using the embodiment of the present invention 2 well can improve the economic characters of rape.Land for growing field crops observation survey assessment result shows, the harm of its soil insect obviously alleviates, and rape survival rate is up to 97%.
3.2 different disposal are on the impact of yield of rape: add up each community yield of rape through different disposal, the results are shown in Table 15.
Table 15 different disposal affects result to yield of rape
Table 16 different disposal affects variance analysis table to yield of rape
| Source of variation | Degree of freedom | Sum of squares | All square | F value | Significance level |
| Between repetition | 2 | 2.3356 | 1.1678 | 9.915 | 0.0282 |
| Between process | 2 | 3.1622 | 1.5811 | 13.425 | 0.0168 |
| Error | 4 | 0.4711 | 0.1178 | / | / |
| Total variation | 8 | 5.9689 | / | / | / |
Table 17 different disposal is to rape cell volume variance significance analysis (LSD method)
As shown in Table 15, the process 3 of using the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 increases production 270kg/hm than the process 1 of using farmyard manure
2, rate of growth is 16.1%, increases production 300kg/hm than the process 2 of using forest people board biological organic fertilizer
2, rate of growth reaches 10.9%.Analyze known by the significance of difference of table 16, table 17, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph using the embodiment of the present invention 2 can promote yield of Brassica napus L, and effect of increasing production is extremely remarkable.
3.3 different disposal are on the impact of rape economic benefit: farmyard manure by 100 yuan/ton, forest people board biological organic fertilizer by 1200 yuan/ton, the embodiment of the present invention 2 containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph fertilizer by 1000 yuan/ton, rape seed calculates by market purchase average price 4.2 yuan/kg, the process 3 containing the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of using the embodiment of the present invention 2 increases net income 1755 yuan/hm than the process 1 of using farmyard manure
2, increase net income 1560 yuan/hm than the process 2 of using forest people board biological organic fertilizer
2, concrete outcome is in table 18.
Table 18 different disposal affects result to rape economic benefit
4, sum up
Above-mentioned result of the test shows, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is compared with traditional farmyard manure and other brand biological organic fertilizers, the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph using the embodiment of the present invention 2 can not only improve the economic characters of rape, strengthen the anti-adversity abilities such as rape is resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance, and yield of Brassica napus L high-quality can be promoted, reach the object of increasing both production and income, production has good effect, is worthy to be popularized.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph, is characterized in that, its active ingredient is Trichoderma harzianum (harzianum) and Streptomyces hygrospinosus (hygrospinocus var.beigingenis);
The living bacteria count of Trichoderma harzianum is 8.0 × 10
8~ 9.0 × 10
8cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Streptomyces hygrospinosus is 2.0 × 10
8~ 6.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total effectively viable bacteria element is 10.0 × 10
8~ 15.0 × 10
8cfu/g.
2. core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the living bacteria count of Trichoderma harzianum is 8.5 × 10
8cfu/g, the living bacteria count of Streptomyces hygrospinosus is 4.0 × 10
8cfu/g, total effectively viable bacteria element is 12.5 × 10
8cfu/g.
3. the core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph according to claim 1 ~ 2 any one, it is characterized in that, described core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph is also containing enzyme active material, and described enzyme active material is albumen powder and organized enzyme, and the weight part ratio of albumen powder and organized enzyme is (2 ~ 4): (1 ~ 3).
4. prepare the method for core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, after comprising the steps: that inclined-plane cultivation, shaking table cultivation and fermentation tank culture are carried out respectively to Trichoderma harzianum and Streptomyces hygrospinosus, the zymotic fluid concentrate drying obtained is obtained conidial powder, mixes and obtain core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph with enzyme active material in proportion.
5. containing the fertilizer of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph described in claim 1 ~ 3 any one, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following weight portion: core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph 3 ~ 7 parts, Tea Saponin 3 ~ 7 parts, organic 75 ~ 89 parts, nutrient for plants 5 ~ 11 parts.
6. the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described Tea Saponin adopts water extraction and alcohol precipitation method to extract.
7. the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described organic matter is after pulverizing mixing by colza cake, soya-bean cake, sesame-send cake, fermentable is utilized to form, wherein, colza cake: soya-bean cake: the weight part ratio of sesame-send cake is (3 ~ 7): (2 ~ 4): (1 ~ 3).
8. the fertilizer containing core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described nutrient for plants is active mineral matter and trace element, described active mineral matter is feldspar in powder, trace element is boron, zinc, magnesium, described nutrient for plants the feldspar in powder of several 7 ~ 13 weight portions and the trace element of 1 ~ 5 weight portion is mixed to be prepared from, and the weight part ratio of described micronutrient boron, zinc, magnesium is (1 ~ 3): (0.3 ~ 0.7): (0.3 ~ 0.7).
9. described in claim 5 ~ 8 any one, contain the application of fertilizer in crop-planting of core biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion rhzomorph.
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| CN105794854A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 李红红 | Prevention and treatment method for peacock spots of olive |
| CN105481593A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 山西师范大学 | Microbial fertilizer capable of inhibiting growth of alternaria alternata |
| CN105753564A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-07-13 | 山西师范大学 | Microbial fertilizer for inhibiting growth of Fusarium graminearum |
| CN105693380A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-22 | 山西师范大学 | Microbial fertilizer capable of restraining growth of fusarium oxysporum schlecht |
| CN105712799A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-06-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Tea-saponin-containing fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN106588361A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 任化南 | Fertilizer for potato planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN110436989A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of special fertilizer containing Tea Saponin and its fertilizing method applied to masson pine young age period |
| CN115417728A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-12-02 | 河南省烟草公司南阳市公司 | Low-nitrogen high-carbon disease-resistant bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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