CN102876576B - Acidic soil conditioner, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Acidic soil conditioner, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102876576B CN102876576B CN201210357731.2A CN201210357731A CN102876576B CN 102876576 B CN102876576 B CN 102876576B CN 201210357731 A CN201210357731 A CN 201210357731A CN 102876576 B CN102876576 B CN 102876576B
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 56
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 17
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Landscapes
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an acidic soil conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof. The acidic soil conditioner comprises the following components in part by weight: 4 to 8 parts of composite bacterial agent, 80 to 90 parts of acid adjusting factor, 3 to 7 parts of chelate and 2 to 6 parts of organic matter. The acidic soil conditioner adjusts the pH value of soil, promotes formation of soil aggregate structures, improves the physical property of the soil, creates a good ecological environment for the growth of plants, increases organic matters, calcium, magnesium and silicon and the activities thereof, promotes healthy growth of crops, enhances stress resistance and prevents diseases and pests. By adoption of the composite bacterial agent, the constitution of a microflora of the soil can be improved, the microbial activity of the rhizosphere of the crops is enhanced, mineralization of organic pollutants is accelerated, growth of the plants is promoted, and absorption of degradation products and bioremediation of the polluted soil are accelerated. The acidic soil conditioner has no toxicity, residues and pollution, accords with the development tendency of organic pollution-free agriculture and has great popularization and application values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbe soil conditioning reparation field, particularly, relate to a kind of acidic soil conditioner and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
According to Hunan Province's pair 1.3 ten thousand pedotheque pH values corresponding with the overall survey of soil for the second time at the beginning of the eighties, carry out longitudinal comparative analysis, the whole province's arable soil mean ph value drops to 6.02 by 6.46, and 0.44 unit that declined is equivalent to soil acid amount (H
+) increased on the original basis 1.94 times.The extremely strong acid arable soil area of pH value < 4.5 rises to 53.88 ten thousand mu by 26.18 ten thousand mu, has increased by 105.81%; The strongly-acid arable soil area of 4.5≤pH value < 5.5 rises to 2185.20 ten thousand mu by 736.51 ten thousand mu, has increased by 196.70%, illustrates that soil acidification trend is obvious.So-called soil acidification refers to that base cation in soil is taken away by leaching loss or by crop and hydrogen ion concentration increases, acidity increases process.Soil acidification directly affects the activity of Soil Microorganism, changes the form of nutrient in soil, reduces validity, strengthens the activity of objectionable impurities, to doing deposits yields toxic action.Soil severe acidification will directly cause soil fertility to decline; The balance of spoiled soil microorganism; Cause Soil structure to become bad, crop growth environment worsens.Therefore, development and exploitation acidic soil conditioner, to improvement Soil structure, improve crop growth environment, increases soil fertility, and improves crop yield and quality and have very great meaning.
At the rice field of soil severe acidification liming, be to solve acidifying problem, improve one of effective measure of crop yield and quality.But this traditional application process is polluted large, and health is had to harm, and effect is single, and cost is too high, and peasant thinks to sink money and the time.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is, the acidic soil conditioner that a kind of composite fungus agent is provided and has comprised this microbial inoculum.
Another object of the present invention is to, the preparation method of described composite fungus agent and soil conditioner is provided.
Another object of the present invention is, the application in adjustment of acidity paddy soils and non-irrigated soil of described composite fungus agent and soil conditioner is provided.
Composite fungus agent provided by the invention, contains: potassium bacterium 1.7 ~ 5.3 is released in fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing
hundred million cfu/gwith biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting bacterium 0.7 ~ 3.3 hundred million cfu/g.
Wherein, described fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing is released potassium bacterium and is: subtilis, colloid bacillus cereus and silicate bacteria; Described biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting bacterium is: Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus.
Composite fungus agent provided by the invention, contains: subtilis 1 ~ 300,000,000 cfu/g, colloid bacillus cereus 0.5 ~ 1.5 hundred million cfu/g, silicate bacteria 0.2 ~ 0.8 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5 ~ 1.5 hundred million cfu/g, Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.2 ~ 0.8 hundred million cfu/g.
Composite fungus agent provided by the invention, further, contain: described subtilis 200,000,000 cfu/g, colloid bacillus cereus 100,000,000 cfu/g, silicate bacteria 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g,, Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g.
Composite fungus agent of the present invention, effectively bacterium total content >=500,000,000 cfu/g.
Composite fungus agent of the present invention, is mentioned microorganism to be prepared into bacterium mix spore powder, then mixes and make with flora carrier.
Wherein, the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent is to mix and make with the acid adjustment factor with chelating material.
Wherein, in the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent, chelating material used is: the microelement substance that humic acids huge legendary turtle is closed.In the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent, the acid adjustment factor used is sepiolite and bentonit.
Further, described microelement substance is selected from: one or more in iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum etc.
Wherein, in the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent, chelating material, sepiolite and bentonitic weight ratio are 2:1:1.
Acidic soil conditioner provided by the invention, comprises the following composition in weight part:
4 ~ 8 parts of composite fungus agents;
80 ~ 90 parts of the acid adjustment factors;
3 ~ 7 parts of chelating materials;
2 ~ 6 parts of organic substances.
Acidic soil conditioner of the present invention, further, comprises the following composition in weight part:
5 ~ 7 parts of composite fungus agents;
84 ~ 86 parts of the acid adjustment factors;
4 ~ 6 parts of chelating materials;
3 ~ 5 parts of organic substances.
Acidic soil conditioner of the present invention, further, comprises the following composition in weight part:
6 parts of composite fungus agents;
85 parts of the acid adjustment factors;
5 parts of chelating materials;
4 parts of organic substances.
Wherein, the acid adjustment factor in described acidic soil conditioner comprises: white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite.
Wherein, the acid adjustment factor in described acidic soil conditioner comprises: white stone powder 54%, sepiolite powder 27% and ground dolomite 19%.
White stone powder in acid adjustment factor component in described acidic soil conditioner is containing CaCO
3more than 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2more than 70%, MgO is more than 25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO more than 54%, MgO more than 20%.
Wherein, the chelating material in described acidic soil conditioner is: the microelement substance closing with humic acids huge legendary turtle.
Further, described microelement substance is selected from: one or more in iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum etc.
Wherein, described organic substance is to make after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with humic acids or stalk fermentation.
Further, organic content >=65% in described humic acids.
Acidic soil conditioner of the present invention is powdery or particulate solid preparation, is specially pulvis or granule.
Acidic soil conditioner of the present invention, after making composite fungus agent, is determined the part by weight of the acid adjustment factor and other compositions in the soil conditioner of required preparation according to the content of the wherein acid adjustment factor, guarantee total content>=50% of calcium magnesium silicon, wherein CaCO
3>=40%, Mg>=5%, SiO
2>=5%.Organic >=4% in acidic soil conditioner.
The preparation method of composite fungus agent provided by the invention, comprising: prepare the bacterium that contains each microbial bacteria in composite fungus agent of the present invention and mix spore powder, mix with flora carrier, prepare described composite fungus agent.
Wherein, described bacterium mixes spore powder and flora carrier evenly mixes according to the ratio of 1:100, prepares composite fungus agent.
Wherein, the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent is to mix and make with the acid adjustment factor with chelating material.
Wherein, in the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent, chelating material used is: the microelement substance that humic acids huge legendary turtle is closed.In the flora carrier of described composite fungus agent, the acid adjustment factor used is sepiolite and bentonit.
Wherein, chelating material, sepiolite and the bentonitic weight ratio in the flora carrier component of described composite fungus agent is preferably 2:1:1.
Wherein, described bacterium mixes the preparation method of spore powder, comprise: the original strain of subtilis, silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus is carried out respectively after slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation successively, by each fermented liquid obtaining by etc. weight mix, through concentrate drying, be prepared into bacterium and mix spore powder.
Further, described bacterium mixes the preparation method of spore powder, comprises the following steps:
1) slant culture: the original strain of subtilis, silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus is inoculated in respectively on slant medium, cultivates 36 ~ 48 hours under 28 ± 2 ℃ of conditions;
2) bacterial classification of shaking table cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 1) cultivating is inoculated in respectively in liquid nutrient medium, in pH 6.5 ~ 7.0, temperature, is under 29 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, and 140 ~ 160r/min shaking table is cultivated 36 ~ 48 hours;
3) bacterial classification of fermentor cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 2) cultivating is inoculated in respectively in fermentation tank culture medium, under pH7.5 ~ 8.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature are 30 ℃, ventilation 1:0.8 ~ 1.1 condition, cultivate the fermented liquid that obtains respectively each microbial strains for 48 ~ 56 hours; Make bacterium number be greater than 1.0 * 10
10/ mL, 80% thalline changes into gemma;
4) by the fermented liquid of each microbial bacteria clock obtaining respectively in step 3) by etc. weight mix, through concentrate drying, be prepared into described bacterium and mix spore powder.
On above-mentioned bacterium, mix in the preparation method of spore powder:
In step 1), the formula of described slant medium is as follows: glucose 15g, fish peptone 5g, yeast extract paste 5g, agar 15g, add water to 1000mL.Step 2) in, described liquid culture based formulas is as follows: glucose 10g, extractum carnis 5g, yeast powder 5g, starch 10g, soybean cake powder 5g, K
2hPO
40.5g, MgSO
40.2g, add water to 1000mL.
In step 3), described fermentor cultivation based formulas is as follows: Semen Maydis powder 26kg, soybean cake powder 16kg, ammonium sulfate 4kg, glucose 8kg, yeast powder 2.5kg, peptone 1.7kg, add water to 600kg.
In step 4), described concentrate drying is to carry out under the condition of≤70 ℃, preferably 50 ~ 60 ℃.
Above-mentioned preparation method, the cultivation of each step is all carried out under aseptic condition.
The preparation method of soil conditioner provided by the invention, comprising: in described ratio, composite fungus agent, the acid adjustment factor, chelating material and organic substance are mixed, stir, obtain.
The application in acidification paddy soils and non-irrigated soil of composite fungus agent provided by the invention and soil conditioner.
Utilizing this composite fungus agent to be prepared into acidic soil conditioner can directly use in acidifying paddy soils, also can impose on acidifying drought soil by base.
Acidic soil conditioner of the present invention, by carry out field test on the crops such as paddy rice, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, has confirmed the adjusting soil pH value of this soil conditioner and the good result that potassium, nutrition biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting are released in fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing.Use this soil conditioner can not only promote paddy rice, Plantula Brassicae chinensis increasing both production and income, and can improve economic characters and the quality of paddy rice, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, particularly improved the diseases and insect pests resistance of paddy rice, Plantula Brassicae chinensis.
Therefore the technique effect that, the present invention is useful is:
1,, in composite fungus agent of the present invention, rationally, the microbial enzyme system of subtilis, colloid bacillus cereus and silicate bacteria combination results is with strong complementarity, can strengthen the ability that potassium is released in fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing in microbe species collocation.Bacillus licheniformis can produce multiple protein enzyme and antagonistic substance and phytokinin and dormin etc., after the collocation such as it and Streptomyces hygrospinosus and subtilis, can strengthen beneficial microorganism protease activity, antagonism and directly kill the ability of pathogen of crop, play biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting functions.Total physical efficiency is improved soil microflora and is formed, and the microorganism active of crop rhizosphere is strengthened, and accelerates the mineralising of organic pollutant, promotes the growth of plant simultaneously, accelerates the absorption of degraded product and the biological restoration to contaminated soil.Be in composite fungus agent of the present invention, the cooperation of each microorganism, especially according to consumption proportion coordinate, can play synergy, strengthen fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing and release potassium, and the effect of nutrition biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting.And, the advanced science of preparation method, simple and feasible, spore count content is high, effective bacterium total content >=500,000,000 cfu/g, the survival time reaches 10 months.
2, the acid adjustment factor of the present invention is usingd calcium carbonate as the essential substance that regulates soil acidity.Because acidification soil application calcium carbonate is the most important measure of containment soil acidification: the one, the acid pH value that improves of sweetening of the soil; The 2nd, improve after the pH value of soil, soil microbial activity is strengthened, and is conducive to improve the available nutrient of soil; The 3rd, improve soil solution calcium concn, improve soil colloid exchangeable calcium saturation ratio, thereby be conducive to the formation of soil aggregate, improve the physical properties of soil.Acid adjustment factor magnesium has the effect of stabilized cell potential of hydrogen: in plant cytoplasm metabolic process, magnesium be in and the phosphoryl of organic acid, phosphoric acid ester because of and nucleic acid when acid essential.Acid adjustment factor silicon has the crop of raising ability resistant to lodging: after Crop silicon, form silicified cell, cells of superficial layer wall and stratum corneum thickening, improved crop anti-adversity ability; Meanwhile, silicon can improve crop root oxidation capacity, alleviates the murder by poisoning of soil pollution to crop.
3, the present invention adds the combination in the soil body of organic mass-energy to form soil colloid, has the soil of improvement reason, voltinism energy, strengthens soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, permeability and surge capability; Regulate soil body Zhong Shui, fertilizer, gas, thermal conditions and pH value.
4, acidic soil conditioner of the present invention, composite fungus agent, the acid adjustment factor, chelating material and organic substance carry out reasonably combined, especially according to consumption proportion of the present invention, arrange in pairs or groups, and can play good synergy, i.e. effect is separately strengthened, and total effect strengthens.And application process is simple and practical, can spread fertilizer over the fields in the paddy soils of acidifying, can make again nonirrigated farmland base and execute, be applicable to mechanized.
5, the field effect of acidic soil conditioner of the present invention is good: can improve rapidly soil acidity or alkalinity.On acidifying rice field, test test area 667m
2, every mu imposes 50kg soil conditioner, after 7 days, measures soil acidity or alkalinity, found that pH value is elevated to 6.7 by 5.9, and explanation can improve rapidly the potential of hydrogen of acidifying rice soil in a short time, improvement soil; Can significantly improve rice yield amount; Field comparison test: use that this soil conditioner is processed with single liming and custom is executed nitrogen and processed and compare effect of increasing production to reach utmost point conspicuous level be mainly that effective fringe, real grain number and setting percentage improve.With this acidic soil conditioner base, execute kind of a Plantula Brassicae chinensis, can not only promote Plantula Brassicae chinensis increasing both production and income, and can improve economic characters and the quality of Plantula Brassicae chinensis, improve the disease resistance ability of Plantula Brassicae chinensis, energy increasing both production and income, effect is good, has spread potential.
In a word, each composition of composite fungus agent of the present invention and acidic soil conditioner combines, and plays collaborative effect; Can regulate rapidly soil pH value, promote soil aggregate to form, improve soil physical property, for good micro-ecological environment is created in plant-growth; Increased organic and calcium, magnesium, element silicon and activity thereof, promoted healthy growth of crops, strengthened resistance, pre-preventing disease and pest; The composite fungus agent adding can improve soil microflora and form, and the microorganism active of crop rhizosphere is strengthened, and accelerates the mineralising of organic pollutant, promotes the growth of plant simultaneously, accelerates the absorption of degraded product and the biological restoration to contaminated soil.This soil conditioner is nontoxic, noresidue, pollution-free, meets organic s Nuisance Free Agricultural Development trend, has the incomparable application prospect of other agricultural material product and great application value.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and experimental example, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, for the present invention is described, but be not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Five bacterial classifications that the present invention selects, can buy acquisition by market.
The unclassified stores that the present invention uses, is the conventional material that can buy from the market.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of acidic soil conditioner pulvis
Composite fungus agent 6kg;
Acid adjustment factor 85kg;
Chelating material 5kg;
Organic substance 4kg.
The acid adjustment factor is: the weight of white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite is respectively: 45.9kg, 22.95kg, 16.15kg.Wherein white stone powder is containing CaCO
3> 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2> 70%, MgO > 25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO > 54%, MgO > 20%.
Chelating material is: with microelement substance iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and the molybdenum of humic acid chelating.
Organic substance is: humic acids (organic content: be greater than 70%).
The formation of described composite fungus agent
Subtilis 200,000,000 cfu/g;
Colloid bacillus cereus 100,000,000 cfu/g;
Silicate bacteria 0.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g;
Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Effective bacterium total content 500,000,000 cfu/g.
The composite fungus agent of above-mentioned formation is made by following steps:
Bacterium mixes the preparation of spore powder:
1) slant culture: the original strain of subtilis, colloid bacillus cereus, silicate bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus is inoculated in respectively under aseptic condition by above-mentioned consumption on slant medium, cultivates 48 hours under 30 ℃ of conditions; The formula of slant medium is: glucose 15g, fish peptone 5g, yeast extract paste 5g, agar 15g, add water to 1000mL;
2) bacterial classification of shaking table cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 1) cultivating is inoculated in respectively in liquid nutrient medium under aseptic condition, in pH6.5, temperature, is under 30 ℃ of conditions, and 160r/min shaking table is cultivated 36 hours; The formula of liquid nutrient medium is: glucose 10g, extractum carnis 5g, yeast powder 5g, starch 10g, soybean cake powder 5g, K
2hPO
40.5g, MgSO
40.2g, add water to 1000mL;
3) fermentor cultivation: the bacterial classification that above-mentioned steps 2 is cultivated is inoculated in respectively in fermentation tank culture medium under aseptic condition, under pH8.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature are 30 ℃, ventilation 1:1.1 condition, cultivates after 56 hours, and bacterium number is greater than 1.0 * 10
10/ mL, 80% thalline changes into gemma tank at present, obtains fermented liquid; The formula of fermentation tank culture medium is: Semen Maydis powder 26kg, soybean cake powder 16kg, ammonium sulfate 4kg, glucose 8kg, yeast powder 2.5kg, peptone 1.7kg, add water to 600kg;
4) by each fermented liquid obtaining in step 3 by etc. weight mix, through concentrate drying (temperature: 60 ℃), be prepared into bacterium and mix spore powder.
The flora carrier of composite fungus agent is to prepare by the following method:
By acid adjustment factor sepiolite powder, wilkinite and chelating material, use iron, boron, the zinc microelement material (weight ratio of iron, boron, zinc: 0.2:0.5:1), mix and make according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:1:2 (1.5kg, 1.5kg, 3kg respectively) of humic acid chelating.
Above-mentioned bacterium mixing spore powder and the flora carrier making mixed to (being respectively 0.06kg, 5.94kg) according to the ratio of the about 1:100 of weight ratio, thereby prepare composite fungus agent 6kg; And then do not comprise the acid adjustment factor in composite fungus agent flora carrier with acid adjustment factor 85kg(), chelating material 5kg(does not comprise the chelating material in composite fungus agent flora carrier), organic substance 4kg mixing and stirring, prepares acid soil conditioning pulvis.
Embodiment 2: acidic soil conditioner pulvis
Other are all with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Composite fungus agent 5kg;
Acid adjustment factor 86kg;
Chelating material 4kg;
Organic substance 5kg.
The acid adjustment factor is: the weight of white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite is respectively: 46.44kg, 23.22kg, 16.34kg.Wherein white stone powder is containing CaCO
3> 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2> 70%, MgO > 25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO > 54%, MgO > 20%.
Chelating material is: with microelement substance iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and the molybdenum of humic acid chelating.
Organic substance is: stalk fermentation makes after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The formation of described composite fungus agent
Subtilis 300,000,000 cfu/g;
Colloid bacillus cereus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Silicate bacteria 0.2 hundred million cfu/g;
Bacillus licheniformis 1.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.2 hundred million cfu/g;
Effective bacterium total content 5.4 hundred million cfu/g.
Bacterium mixes the preparation of spore powder:
1) slant culture: the original strain of subtilis, colloid bacillus cereus, silicate bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus is inoculated in respectively under aseptic condition by above-mentioned consumption on slant medium, cultivates 36 hours under 26 ℃ of conditions; The formula of slant medium is: glucose 15g, fish peptone 5g, yeast extract paste 5g, agar 15g, add water to 1000mL;
2) bacterial classification of shaking table cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 1) cultivating is inoculated in respectively liquid nutrient medium under aseptic condition, in pH7.0, temperature, is under 28 ℃ of conditions, and 140r/min shaking table is cultivated 48 hours; The formula of liquid nutrient medium is: glucose 10g, extractum carnis 5g, yeast powder 5g, starch 10g, soybean cake powder 5g, K
2hPO
40.5g, MgSO
40.2g, add water to 1000mL;
3) fermentor cultivation: the bacterial classification that above-mentioned steps 2 is cultivated is inoculated in respectively fermentation tank culture medium under aseptic condition, under pH7.5, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature are 30 ℃, ventilation 1:0.8 condition, cultivates after 48 hours, and bacterium number is greater than 1.0 * 10
10/ mL, 80% thalline changes into gemma tank at present, obtains fermented liquid; The formula of fermentation tank culture medium is: Semen Maydis powder 26kg, soybean cake powder 16kg, ammonium sulfate 4kg, glucose 8kg, yeast powder 2.5kg, peptone 1.7kg, add water to 600kg;
4) by each fermented liquid obtaining in step 3 by etc. weight mix, through concentrate drying (temperature: 50 ℃), be prepared into bacterium and mix spore powder.
Embodiment 3: acid soil conditioning granule
Other are all with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Composite fungus agent 7kg;
Acid adjustment factor 84kg;
Chelating material 6kg;
Organic substance 3kg.
The acid adjustment factor is: the weight of white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite is respectively: 45.36kg, 22.68kg, 15.96kg.Wherein white stone powder is containing CaCO
3> 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2> 70%, MgO > 25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO > 54%, MgO > 20%.
Chelating material is: with microelement substance iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and the molybdenum of humic acid chelating.
The formation of described composite fungus agent
Subtilis 200,000,000 cfu/g;
Colloid bacillus cereus 100,000,000 cfu/g;
Silicate bacteria 0.8 hundred million cfu/g;
Bacillus licheniformis 0.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.8 hundred million cfu/g;
Effective bacterium total content 5.1 hundred million cfu/g.
By the method for above-described embodiment 1, prepare composite fungus agent 7kg, first by acid adjustment factor 84kg, chelating material 6kg, organic substance 3kg stirring and evenly mixing, pulverizes and sieves, granulation, dry, cooling after, by composite fungus agent water transfer, evenly spray on it, low-temperature air-drying, cooling packing, is the acidic soil conditioner of particle formulation.
Embodiment 4: acidic soil conditioner pulvis
Other are all with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Composite fungus agent 4kg;
Acid adjustment factor 80kg;
Chelating material 3kg;
Organic substance 6kg.
The acid adjustment factor is: the weight of white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite is respectively: 43.2kg, 21.6kg, 15.2kg.White stone powder is containing CaCO
390%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
270%, MgO25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO54%, MgO20%.
Chelating material is: with microelement substance iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and the molybdenum of humic acid chelating.
The formation of described composite fungus agent
Subtilis 100,000,000 cfu/g;
Colloid bacillus cereus 1.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Silicate bacteria 0.7 hundred million cfu/g;
Bacillus licheniformis 1.2 hundred million cfu/g;
Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.6 hundred million cfu/g;
Effective bacterium total content 500,000,000 cfu/g.
Embodiment 5: acidic soil conditioner pulvis
Other are all with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Composite fungus agent 8kg;
Acid adjustment factor 90kg;
Chelating material 7kg;
Organic substance 2kg.
The acid adjustment factor is: the weight of white stone powder, sepiolite powder and ground dolomite is respectively: 48.6kg, 24.3kg, 17.1kg.White stone powder is containing CaCO
3> 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2> 70%, MgO > 25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO > 54%, MgO > 20%.
Chelating material is: with microelement substance iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and the molybdenum of humic acid chelating.
The formation of described composite fungus agent
Subtilis 1.5 hundred million cfu/g;
Colloid bacillus cereus 1.3 hundred million cfu/g;
Silicate bacteria 0.8 hundred million cfu/g;
Bacillus licheniformis 1.0 hundred million cfu/g;
Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.6 hundred million cfu/g;
Effective bacterium total content 5.2 hundred million cfu/g.
Experimental example 1: a kind of effect test of acidic soil conditioner
1, test objective: verify a kind of conditioning effect and the impact on rice growth of acidic soil conditioner.
2, test materials
2.1 test sites: gulf village, Pu Zhen tea place, Road, Xiangtan, Hunan Province county congratulates in the auspicious farmland covered by contract of state.
2.2 for trying rice field: be reddish yellow mud.
2.3 experimental cultivars: late rice Feng Yuan excellent 299.
2.4 for trying material: " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner pulvis (embodiment of the present invention 1), and Hunan Taigu Biology Technology Co., Ltd. produces; White lime, the auspicious petrochemical factory in Xiangyin County, Hunan produces.
3, test method
3.1 test design
Test site arranges 3 processing, repeats for 3 times, and totally 9 communities, random district group is arranged, and community is rectangle, area 33.3m
2.Early rice fetch earth by standard before transplanting and turning over, sample presentation chemical examination.Early rice was sowed on March 27th, 2010, and April 26 transplanted, and on July 25th, 2010 gathers in the crops, planting density 4 * 6(cun).
Experimental field the separation of surrounding protection Hang Ji community all covers and separates by thick film.
Process 1 single nitrogen fertilizer application: ammonium chloride 20kg/667m
2as leaven, spread fertilizer over the fields, while turning over before transplanting, spread fertilizer over the fields in community;
Process 2 single limings: lime 50kg spreads fertilizer over the fields as leaven, while turning over before transplanting, spread fertilizer over the fields in community;
Process 3 and execute acidic soil conditioner of the present invention (embodiment 1): acidic soil conditioner 50kg spreads fertilizer over the fields as leaven, while turning over before transplanting, spreads fertilizer over the fields in community.
Topdressing and use identically in community, is the formula fertilizer of every mu of 50kg, and its total nutrient is 25%(N+P
2o
5+ K
2o=12:5:8).
3.2 field management
Each other field management and pest control measure of processing is consistent.
Average by five point samplings in investigation Shi，Mei community; The single receipts in results Shi，Ge community, singles, list shine, calculate separately output.And soil sampling censorship in time.
4, test results and analysis
4.1 can improve the pH value of acidifying paddy soils.
Test-results shows: process 3 every mu impose 50kg acidic soil conditioner, after 7 days, measure soil acidity or alkalinity, find that this community pH value is increased to 6.7 by 5.9, while detecting by the 30th day, pH value is 6.3.This explanation acidic soil conditioner can improve rapidly the pH value of acidifying paddy soils in a short time, improvement soil.The falling of later stage pH value, is because the soil amount of acidifying paddy soils is large, is in for a long time again waterflooding state, and soil colloid has very large shock absorption, and the time one is long, and pH value slowly falls after rise again to some extent.
4.2 can improve rice yield.
Table 1: each processes the impact statistics on rice yield
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield result of different treatment is to process 3(518.0kg/ mu from high to low successively), process 2(473.6kg/ mu), process 1(462.5kg/ mu).By the variance analysis of cell production process, result is that the processing of using " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (soil conditioner of the present invention) is compared with the processing of single nitrogen fertilizer application and the processing of single liming simultaneously, and its effect of increasing production has all reached utmost point conspicuous level.
4.3 can improve the economic characters of paddy rice
Table 2: each processes the impact on Economic Character of Rice
Effective fringe, real grain number and the setting percentage of the processing of as can be seen from Table 2, using soil conditioner in acidification paddy soils after than the processing of the processing of single liming and single nitrogen fertilizer application has raising in various degree.
5, sum up
By above-mentioned test, show, at acidification Paddy soil, use " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (being acidic soil conditioner of the present invention), can improve quickly and effectively the potential of hydrogen of Paddy soil, improve Soil structure and performance, promote paddy rice healthy growth, change the economic characters of paddy rice, increase effective fringe and real grain number, improve setting percentage, reach remarkable effect of increasing production.Use soil conditioner and rational application of fertilizer combination of sciences, can solve the problem of single liming to paddy growth DeGrain, the pollution in the time of can solving liming again and harm peasant's health problem, can also improve output, increasing both production and income, effect highly significant, is worth promoting.
Experimental example 2: the effect test of acidic soil conditioner
1, test objective: verify a kind of test effect of acidic soil conditioner and the impact that Growth of Cabbage is grown.
2, test materials
2.1 test sites: the green house of vegetables of Gu Gang town, liuyang hunan city Agricultural Technological Garden Wang Xiao sun.
2.2 for trying fertilizer: " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner pulvis (embodiments of the invention 1), and Hunan Taigu Biology Technology Co., Ltd. produces; The green precious board soil conditioner (composition: CaO>=40%, MgO>=5%, Si of Tsing-Hua University that Beijing Yu Delong development in science and technology company limited produces
2o
3>=5%); Sa Kefu fertilizer special for vegetable (total nutrient>=40%), China-Arab Fertilizer Co., Ltd's (domestic product) provides.
2.3 experimental cultivars: Plantula Brassicae chinensis-Hua hat wooden dipper is white.
3, test method
3.1 test design
3 processing are established in test altogether, and each is processed and repeats 3 times, totally 9 communities, and each community area is 33.3m
2.Random district group is arranged, and experimental field surrounding arranges the wide protection row of 2.5m.
Process 1: 1000 kgs/acre+Sa Kefu of farm manure chicken manure fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu is made base manure+conventional fertilizer application;
Process 2: 50 kgs/acre+Sa Kefu of the green precious board soil conditioner of Tsing-Hua University fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu is made base manure+conventional fertilizer application;
Process 3: 50 kgs/acre+Sa Kefu fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ of " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, embodiment 1) mu is made base manure+conventional fertilizer application.
3.2 field management
Plantula Brassicae chinensis was sowed on July 5th, 2009, and August 16 gathered in the crops.Before sowing, in small sections of a vegetable plot central authorities, trench digging applies base manure, mulching soil, whole furrow.During sowing, the seed program request of 3～4, every cave.When growing 1 true leaf, carry out thinning for the first time, remove overstocked seedling.When growing 4 true leaves, carry out thinning for the second time, remove weak seedling, sick seedling, and in conjunction with thinning weeding, impose 10 kgs/acre, urea.After final singling, respectively water once every day sooner or later.Investigation Shi，Mei community is got at random 20 strains and is measured the indexs such as plant height, maximum width of blade, and output is calculated separately in results Shi，Ge community.
4, test results and analysis
The impact of 4.1 different treatment on Plantula Brassicae chinensis economic characters
The economic characters such as leaf to the plant height of different treatment Plantula Brassicae chinensis, maximum leaf is wide, leaf length, specific leaf weight are measured, and concrete outcome is in Table 3.
Table 3: the economic characters questionnaire of different treatment Plantula Brassicae chinensis
Table 4: the affect result of different treatment on Plantula Brassicae chinensis economic characters
From table 3, table 4, use the processing 3 of " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, acid amendment of the present invention), can improve the economic characters of Plantula Brassicae chinensis.Compare with the processing 1 of using Sa Kefu fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu and do base manure+conventional fertilizer application, process that 3 Plantula Brassicae chinensis plant height, leaf are wide, leaf is long and specific leaf weight has increased respectively 2.0cm, 0.7cm, 0.8cm and 0.0054g/cm
2; Compare with the processing 2 of using 50 kgs/acre+Sa Kefu of the green precious board soil conditioner of Tsing-Hua University fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu and do base manure+conventional fertilizer application, process that 3 Plantula Brassicae chinensis plant height, leaf are wide, leaf is long and specific leaf weight has increased respectively 0.9cm, 0.3cm, 0.7cm and 0.0018g/cm
2.
The impact of 4.2 different treatment on Quality of Chinese Cabbage
The robust fibre of each processing Plantula Brassicae chinensis, Vitamin C content, nitrite content etc. are measured, and concrete outcome is in Table 5.
Table 5: the quality survey table of different treatment Plantula Brassicae chinensis
Table 6: the affect result of different treatment on Quality of Chinese Cabbage
From table 5, table 6, use " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (acidic soil conditioner of the present invention), can improve the economic quality of Plantula Brassicae chinensis.Compare with the processing 1 of using Sa Kefu fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu and do base manure+conventional fertilizer application, processing 3 Plantula Brassicae chinensis vitamins C, reducing sugar content has increased respectively 31.9mg/kg, 0.51%, and robust fibre, nitrite have reduced respectively 0.14%, 217.1mg/kg; Compare with the processing 2 of using 50 kgs/acre+Sa Kefu of the green precious board soil conditioner of Tsing-Hua University fertilizer special for vegetable 30kg/ mu and do base manure+conventional fertilizer application, processing 3 Plantula Brassicae chinensis vitamins C, reducing sugar content has increased respectively 14.2mg/kg, 0.35%, and robust fibre, nitrite have reduced respectively 0.06%, 61.2mg/kg.
4.3 different treatment are on the impact that a situation arises of Plantula Brassicae chinensis disease
The soft rot of Plantula Brassicae chinensis different treatment in breeding time and black spot are carried out to investigation records, result shows, the processing 3 of using " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, embodiments of the invention 1) reduces by 88.4% than processing 1 soft rot sickness rate, and black spot sickness rate reduces by 91.7%; Ratio is processed 2 soft rot sickness rate and is reduced by 82.8%, and black spot sickness rate reduces 90.0%(in Table 7), in this experiment, CK makes a general reference processing 1 and processes 2 general designation.
Table 7: different treatment is on the impact that a situation arises of Plantula Brassicae chinensis disease
The impact of 4.4 different treatment on yield of pakchoi
The output of measuring each community Plantula Brassicae chinensis, the results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8: the affect result of different treatment on yield of pakchoi
Table 9: analysis of variance table
Table 10: the different treatment significance of difference is analyzed (LSD method)
From table 8～10, to use the processing 3 of " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, acidic soil conditioner of the present invention) and compare with processing 1, output increases 422kg/ mu, and stimulation ratio reaches 14.8%, and effect of increasing production is extremely remarkable; Compare with processing 2, output increases 112kg/ mu, and stimulation ratio reaches 3.5%.
The impact of 4.5 different treatment on Plantula Brassicae chinensis economic benefit.
Plantula Brassicae chinensis by 1.2 yuan/kilogram of average prices of market purchase, farm manure chicken manure by 80 yuan/ton, Sa Kefu fertilizer special for vegetable by 1520 yuan/ton, the green precious board soil conditioner of Tsing-Hua University by 1000 yuan/ton, " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, the embodiment of the present invention 1) by 500 yuan/ton of calculating, as shown in Table 11, use " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (pulvis, acidic soil conditioner of the present invention) processing 3 increases and 536.4 yuan/mu of incomes than processing 1, than processing 2, increases by 184.4 yuan/mu of net return.
Table 11: the affect result of different treatment on Plantula Brassicae chinensis economic benefit
5, sum up
Above results of field plot shows, use " nine industry " board acidic soil conditioner (acidic soil conditioner of the present invention) and can not only promote Plantula Brassicae chinensis increasing both production and income, and can improve economic characters and the quality of Plantula Brassicae chinensis, improve the disease resistance ability of Plantula Brassicae chinensis, energy increasing both production and income, effect is good, has spread potential.
Adopt the acidic soil conditioner of other embodiment to carry out above-mentioned experiment with method.Result shows: have similar effect to the acidic soil conditioner of embodiment 1, wherein, the effect of embodiment 1 of take is optimum.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a composite fungus agent, is characterized in that, contains: potassium bacterium 1.7～5.3 hundred million cfu/g and biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting bacterium 0.7～2.3 hundred million cfu/g are released in fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing; Potassium bacterium is released in described fixed nitrogen phosphorus decomposing: subtilis 1～300,000,000 cfu/g, colloid bacillus cereus 0.5～1.5 hundred million cfu/g and silicate bacteria 0.2～0.8 hundred million cfu/g; Described biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion growth-promoting bacterium is: Bacillus licheniformis 0.5～1.5 hundred million cfu/g and Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.2～0.8 hundred million cfu/g.
2. composite fungus agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described subtilis 200,000,000 cfu/g, colloid bacillus cereus 100,000,000 cfu/g, silicate bacteria 0.5 hundred million cfu/g, Bacillus licheniformis 100,000,000 cfu/g,, Streptomyces hygrospinosus 0.5 hundred million cfu/g.
3. composite fungus agent according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, effective bacterium total content >=500,000,000 cfu/g in this composite fungus agent.
4. an acidic soil conditioner, is characterized in that, comprises the following composition in weight part:
The described acid adjustment factor comprises: white stone powder 54%, sepiolite powder 27% and ground dolomite 19%; Described white stone powder is containing CaCO
3more than 90%; In sepiolite powder, contain SiO
2more than 70%, more than MgO25%; Ground dolomite is containing CaCO
3more than 54%, more than MgO20%;
Described chelating material is: the microelement substance closing with humic acids huge legendary turtle, and described microelement substance is selected from: one or more in iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum;
Described organic substance is to make after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed with humic acids or stalk fermentation, organic content >=65% in described humic acids.
5. acidic soil conditioner according to claim 4, is characterized in that, comprises the following composition in weight part:
This acidic soil conditioner is pulvis or granule.
6. acidic soil conditioner according to claim 4, is characterized in that, comprises the following composition in weight part:
This acidic soil conditioner is pulvis or granule.
7. the method for preparing composite fungus agent described in claim 1～3 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise: the original strain for preparing the subtilis, colloid bacillus cereus, silicate bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis and each microbial bacteria of Streptomyces hygrospinosus that contain corresponding proportion carries out respectively after slant culture, shaking table cultivation, fermentor cultivation successively, by each fermented liquid obtaining by etc. weight mix, through concentrate drying, be prepared into bacterium and mix spore powder, then mix with flora carrier, obtain described composite fungus agent; Described flora carrier mixes and makes with the acid adjustment factor with chelating material; Described chelating material is the microelement substance that humic acids huge legendary turtle is closed, and the described acid adjustment factor is sepiolite and bentonit.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
In described flora carrier, microelement substance is selected from: one or more in iron, boron, zinc, copper, manganese and molybdenum;
In described flora carrier, chelating material, sepiolite and bentonitic weight ratio are 2:1:1; Described bacterium mixes spore powder and flora carrier evenly mixes according to the ratio of 1:100;
Described bacterium mixes the preparation method of spore powder, comprises the following steps:
1) slant culture: the original strain of subtilis, silicate bacteria, colloid bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces hygrospinosus is inoculated in respectively on slant medium, cultivates 36～48 hours under 28 ± 2 ℃ of conditions;
2) bacterial classification of shaking table cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 1) cultivating is inoculated in respectively in liquid nutrient medium, in pH6.5～7.0, temperature, is under 29 ± 1 ℃ of conditions, and 140～160r/min shaking table is cultivated 36～48 hours;
3) bacterial classification of fermentor cultivation: by above-mentioned steps 2) cultivating is inoculated in respectively in fermentation tank culture medium, under pH7.5～8.0, tank pressure 0.5kg, temperature are 30 ℃, ventilation 1:0.8～1.1 condition, cultivate the fermented liquid that obtains respectively each microbial strains for 48～56 hours;
4) by the fermented liquid of each microbial strains obtaining respectively in step 3) by etc. weight mix, through concentrated, and dryly at≤70 ℃ be prepared into described bacterium and mix spore powder.
9. the application of acidic soil conditioner in adjustment of acidity paddy soils and non-irrigated soil described in composite fungus agent or claim 4～6 any one described in claim 1～3 any one.
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