CN102199564B - Composite microbial agent for direct decomposition of crop straws returned to field and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite microbial agent for direct decomposition of crop straws returned to field and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite microbial agent for direct decomposition of crop straws returned to field and a preparation method thereof. The agent bacillus comprises certain weight percent of subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger, trichoderma psudodoningii, Phanereochaete chrysosporium and Streptomycete albus, and is prepared by the following steps: A, individually culturing all the above-metioned bacteria with solution culturing first and solid culturing next; B, mixing all the microbial inocula according to a certain mass ratio under stirring so as to obtain the composite microbial agent. The invention has the advantages of reasonable formula, convenient utilization, easy implementation, simple operation and fast straw decomposition. With the utilization of the invention, the problems of slow decomposition and difficult returning of the crop straws are solved, organic content of soil is increased, and therefore the nurturing of land is combined with the use of land, and the situation having existed for a long time that the government encourages straw returning while farmers are unwilling to carry out straw returning is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial technology field; More specifically relate to a kind of also complex microorganism preparations in field of crop material that is used for directly becoming thoroughly decomposed; The preparation method who also relates to this biotechnological formulation simultaneously, said preparation is applicable to the also field of becoming thoroughly decomposed of rape, paddy rice, wheat, seeding corn and other crops stalk, the stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast; Easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle.
Background technology
Along with the change of rural energy structure, agricultural crop straw no longer is peasant's a main domestic energy, and the peasant one has burnt it with stalk in the field for easy, causes rural area of every harvest season to occur the scene of " igniting of village village is smoldered " everywhere.Crop straw burning do four big harms: the one, and the waste resource causes large amount of organic can not go back to the field; The 2nd, serious environment pollution; Three frequent initiation fire and traffic hazards; Four destroy the farmland ecosystem material cycle, cause soil fertility to descend.
Related data shows that nearly 700,000,000 tons of national all kinds of stalk contracts amounts are rich in multiple nutritional components in the stalk, and straw-returning can effectively improve the soil organism, reduces the soil weight, strengthens the gas permeability of soil and protects fertile water retention capacity.Because stalk mainly is made up of polymer substances such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose, xylogen; And the surface exist a large amount of siliceous or (with) wax layer; Under the state of nature, stalk becomes thoroughly decomposed need be for a long time, and direct returning to farmland is often to back stubble continuous cropping deleterious impact; Based on this, research and development promote that the microbiobacterial agent of stalk quick composting is significant.
The Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance were from 2006; Strengthen soil organism project year by year and promote the subsidy dynamics, take the Technical Supplemental Allowance mode, encourage the peasant also the field stalk, the peasant is used the rice field straw-returning technology of becoming thoroughly decomposed; Buying the stalk agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed subsidizes; 20 yuan every mu of subsidies, the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of bid and purchase stalk, lead farmers is used.Applied 1,200 ten thousand mu of areas in 2009, reached 1,800 ten thousand mu in 2010, each province and city are bid and purchase separately also, constantly enlarge product application scope and scale, and market outlook are wide.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of also complex micro organism fungicide in field (be called for short stalk become thoroughly decomposed agent) of crop material that is used for directly becoming thoroughly decomposed; The present invention fills a prescription rationally; Easy to use; The stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast, adopts modern microbial fermentation engineering technological, and the multiple of screening and culturing can efficiently be produced the function stem combination cultivation of cellulase, hemicellulase and lignoenzyme and become a kind of complex micro organism fungicide; Constitute by multi-functional bacterial strains such as subtilis, black mold, white light streptomycetes, have that strain combinations is new, structure is steady, live strong, bacterium of enzyme counts characteristics such as height.This microbial inoculum is mainly used in the agricultural planting crop material also field of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and is translated into the biological organic fertilizer of efficient, safety, environmental protection.Stalk become thoroughly decomposed agent can quick composting agricultural crop straw; Can the field stalk be become thoroughly decomposed fully at 7-10 days; Solved and had the problem slow, that go back the field difficulty of becoming thoroughly decomposed in the crops straw returning field; Improve soil organic matter content, played the effect of " land used is increased soil fertility ", cracked the quagmire that government encourage, peasant slack off on the straw-returning problem for a long time.
Another object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of also preparation method of the complex microorganism preparations in field of crop material that is used for directly becoming thoroughly decomposed, and easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, production cost is low.
Technology of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material is characterized in that it is formulated by following weight percentages:
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 5%-50%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 1%-35%;
Black mold 1%-30%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 0.5%-30%;
The flat lead fungi 0.1%-20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 0.5%-25%.
Described subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete test tube kind are all purchased in Chinese agriculture microbial strains preservation administrative center.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (preferable range):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 10%-45%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 5%-28%;
Black mold 5%-25%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 3%-25%;
The flat lead fungi 4%-20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 3%-18%.
Described subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete test tube kind are all purchased in Chinese agriculture microbial strains preservation administrative center.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (optimum range is):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 10%-35%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 8%-25%;
Black mold 10%-20%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 8%-20%;
The flat lead fungi 10%-20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 6%-15%.
Described subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete test tube kind are all purchased in Chinese agriculture microbial strains preservation administrative center.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (best proportioning):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 10%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 20%;
Black mold 20%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 20%;
The flat lead fungi 20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 10%.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (best proportioning):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 15%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 15%;
Black mold 15%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 20%;
The flat lead fungi 20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 15%.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (best proportioning):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 25%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 20%;
Black mold 10%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 20%;
The flat lead fungi 10% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 15%.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by following weight percentages formulated (best proportioning):
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 30%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 10%;
Black mold 12%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 18%;
The flat lead fungi 20% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 10%.
A kind of method that is used for the complex microorganism preparations of quick composting crop material, its each strain preparation step is:
1, the independent enlarged culturing of various bacterial classifications:
The cultivation of A, subtilis: subtilis test tube kind at first is seeded on the beef-protein medium (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-2.5 * 10 to the product
8Individual/gram.
The cultivation of B, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae: yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae at first is seeded on lactic acid-yam-dextrose culture-medium (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-2.5 * 10 to the product
8Individual/gram.
The cultivation of C, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool: black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat three kinds of bacterial classifications of lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool are seeded in respectively on the potato culture (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-5.0 * 10 to the product
7Individual/gram.
The cultivation of D, white light streptomycete: white light streptomycete is at first on Gause I substratum (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, reach 1.0-5.0 * 10 to the solid medium viable count
7Individual/gram.
E, the kind microbial inoculum that above subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete are cultivated mix by certain mass ratio.
F, drying: will mix material and carry out drying, drying temperature is 20-50 ℃, and dry back water cut is 20-30%;
G, check, packing: by the quality standard check, finished product is packed by weight, promptly gets microbiobacterial agent.
The explanation of product use technology
The stalk agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is applicable to and the also field of stalks such as paddy rice, wheat, rape can adopts the rotten also field of direct pulverizing tiling or heap that every mu is recommended consumption is 2kg.According to difference wheel operation mode, adopt different also field modes:
1, wheat, rape, rice straw rotary tillage stubble-cleaning become thoroughly decomposed and go back the field technology mode
(1) stalk tiling.The agricultural crop straw that adopts the reaper harvesting of band kibbler after the first crop crop maturation or will not pulverize is pulverized and is 10-15cm, and the stalk after the pulverizing evenly is sprinkling upon the field, and it is in heaps to must guard against broken grass.
(2) use the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Before ploughing the stalk agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is mixed thoroughly with an amount of earth or base fertilizer, spread fertilizer over the fields immediately in the field of completing stalk.Every mu is affixed by farmers''s muck 100-200 kilogram or urea 3-5 kilogram or 15 kilograms of adjustings of carbon ammonium C/N ratio when using base fertilizer by local high yield standard.
(3) plough stubble-cleaning.Carry out stubble-cleaning with the stubble ploughing, rotary tillage machine immediately after executing the agent fertilising of becoming thoroughly decomposed, crop material is turned over imbed in the topsoil soils, pour water then, waterflooding 7-10 centimetre dark, and 1-3 centimetre of machine transplanting of rice seedling waterflooding is dark.
(4) transplanting rice.Smooth back rice transplanting or rice transplanting.
(5) daily administration.Other fertilising and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control require normally to carry out with reference to high yield.
2, paddy rice---wheat (rape, soybean etc.) straw-returning pattern
(1) stalk tiling.After the rice harves, Honda stalk (bright stalk) is pulverized with kibbler or cut off with hay cutter, length 5-20cm evenly is tiled in the field face.
(2) use the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Every mu of (667m
2) with the stalk agent 2kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, with 20-30kg fine earth mixing, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the crop material surface, every mu with muck 200kg or urea 5-10kg, spills in stalk surface modulation C/N ratio.
(3) turn over.Turn over immediately, crop material and the agent etc. of becoming thoroughly decomposed are together ploughed under underground, degree of depth 10-15cm., field moisture are advisable with 50%, otherwise in time pour water after burying turning over.
(4) final-period management.Press usual manner fertilising, sowing.
3, the rotten also field technology mode of stalk heap
(1) heap is rotten prepares.To away from a jiao of water-in, is principle not hinder cultivation of fields with straw collecting.Using the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 2 kilograms of stalks by every mu of stalk adds 3-5 kilogram urea and converts water 40-50 kilogram to process diluent subsequent use.
(2) stalk composting.Collected crop material is successively stacked according to 15-20 centimetre thickness, and every stacking one deck evenly sprinkles into the stalk dilution agent liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and overlays one deck thin soil again; Successively stack; Heap is high is advisable with about 1.2 meters, sticks with paste one deck earth outward or wraps with black film, prevents moisture loss.
(3) become thoroughly decomposed the using of thing.Turning when the heap temperature rise is above to 550C, later on once at a distance from turning in 5-7 days, 3-4 just basic fermentation maturity of turning, the corruption of stalk stack retting can be made down stubble base manure and use.
4, the stalk ditch buries also field technology
(1) ditching.Dig 40 centimetres wide in the field, 25-30 centimetre of dark ditch has the place of dead furrow to combine dead furrow to carry out, and length is confirmed as required.
(2) shop stalk.Stalk is spread in the ditch.
(3) be sprinkled into the stalk top layer by every mu of stalk with 2 kilograms of agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed, pat stalk, bacterial classification is shaken off under stalk.Join and execute 5 kilograms of urea.
(4) water.The full ditch of water gets final product, and can not water rainy season.
(5) this method is used for greenhouse vegetable and can also plays raising ground temperature, and the interaction energy of release of carbon dioxide effectively improves output.
Precaution:
1, product is deposited in shady and cool dry place, forbids that high light tans by the sun.
2, avoid and strong acid, highly basic, easy volatile chemical and sterilant mix and to put, to use with.
3, increasing nitrogen fertilizer application is in order to regulate the C/N ratio of stalk, to avoid microbial reproduction to influence plant growth with crop contention nutrient early stage.
4, according to conditions such as different material, envrionment temperature, moisture contents, can adjust consumption as one sees fit.
Advantage of the present invention is: the application exemplary scenario through on Anlu, Hubei, Wuxue City, Qianjiang, Yingcheng City and other places shows; Use the stalk agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed and significantly to accelerate the stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed; Just can decompose crops straw returning field fully in 7-10 days, do not influence second stubble crop plantation and transplanting, help plantation/transplanting crops for rotation time-shift; And the raising soil organism improves soil physico-chemical property, improves the second stubble crop per unit area yield, and second stubble crop output improves more than 5%, can be widely used in also field of crop materials such as paddy rice, wheat, rape; Can also improve the soil simultaneously, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, fat-reducing synergy reduces the burning environmental pollution of straw more than needed, and comprehensive benefit is remarkable.Effectively improve also field quantity of China's crop material, reduce source of pollution, reduce peasant's production cost, increase income, effectively promote the Sustainable development of China's agricultural planting industry.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is formulated by following materials by weight percentage:
Raw material % raw material %
Subtilis 29%; Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae 12%;
Black mold 11%; Trichoderma pseudokiningii 20%;
The flat lead fungi 18% of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool; Bai Qianse streptomycete 10%.
Described subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete are all purchased in Chinese agriculture microbial strains preservation administrative center.
A kind of preparation method who is used for the complex microorganism preparations of quick composting crop material the steps include:
(1), the independent enlarged culturing of various bacterial classifications:
The cultivation of A, subtilis: subtilis test tube kind at first is seeded on the beef-protein medium (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-2.5 * 10 to the product
8Individual/gram.
The cultivation of B, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae: yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae at first is seeded on lactic acid-yam-dextrose culture-medium (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-2.5 * 10 to the product
8Individual/gram.
The cultivation of C, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool: black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat three kinds of bacterial classifications of lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool are seeded in respectively on the potato culture (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, viable count reaches 1.0-5.0 * 10 to the product
7Individual/gram.
The cultivation of D, white light streptomycete: white light streptomycete is at first on Gause I substratum (with reference to the microbiology test textbook); 28-30 ℃; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, change liquid fermentation tank then over to and do three grades of liquid culture; Be inoculated at last and make level Four on the solid medium and cultivate, reach 1.0-5.0 * 10 to the solid medium viable count
7Individual/gram.
(2), the kind microbial inoculum of above subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete being cultivated mixes by certain mass ratio.
(3), dry, packing: will mix material and carry out drying, drying temperature is 20 or 25 or 30 or 35 or 40 or 45 or 50 ℃, and dry back water cut is 20 or 24 or 27 or 30%;
(4), check, packing: by the quality standard check, finished product is packed by weight, promptly gets microbiobacterial agent.
A kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is prepared by following weight percentages:
Its preparation process is identical with embodiment 1.
Test case 1:
The test point is two groups in gold shelves village in Mu Zi township, Wuxue City Da Jin town, supplies examination soil to belong to that moisture soil is grown and the rice soil that comes, and preceding stubble is an early rice.Under rice-rice pattern, early rice results back full dose straw-returning is carried out no-tillage cast-transplanted.4 processing, sub-district area 20m are established in test
2(about 4m * 5m), the ridge is built in the minizone, and 4 repetition are established in test, and handle as follows the sub-district: processing 1: the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of full dose straw-returning+stalk; Handle 2: full dose straw-returning+equivalent clear water; Handle 3: the full dose straw-returning; Handle 4: no straw-returning.
Test result analysis
The stalk colour-change: executed after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed the 3rd day, and saw from color, the agent of not becoming thoroughly decomposed basic and do not change, and the existing a lot of black patchess in the straw of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed surface, obviously blackening; The straw of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of no use is harder, and is soft with becoming of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Execute the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed and saw from color in the 10th day, the blackening just of the agent of not becoming thoroughly decomposed, and very black with the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed are firmly seen when breaking, and being not easy of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed useless broken, and bumps promptly disconnected with one of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The late rice yield effect: data presentation, the variation between different treatment between the late rice output is not relatively executed the blank of straw and is handled, and uses straw and handles that all have must effect of increasing production; Clear water contrast relatively; Use become thoroughly decomposed processing 1 effect of increasing production of agent of stalk comparatively obvious, increase production 21.0kg/ mu relatively, stimulation ratio 5.10%; Do not go back sub-district, field (handling 4) raising the output more than 7.0% than paddy rice; Straw-returning is generally than the blank raising the output, and amount of increase in production is more than 2.50%, and the tangerine stalk is gone back field and clear water processing tangerine stalk on the spot and also increased production not remarkable between the field.
Test case 2:
The experimental plot is located at the rice field of toft slope Fu Zuyou peasant household of Na Da town, Danzhou City toft villagers' committee.This reason position, field is: footpath, east 109 degree 3 minutes and 39.03 seconds; North latitude 19 degree 38 minutes and 31.01 seconds; 94 meters of height.Preceding stubble is crop corn field morning.Soil species is purple mud field.Parent soil material is a purple sand shale.The 0-20cm assay physicochemical character that before rice transplanting, fetches earth is organic 18.75g/kg; Full nitrogen 1.01g/kg; Quick-acting nitrogen 53.00mg/kg; Rapid available phosphorus 4.22mg/kg; Available potassium 104mg/kg; Ph value 5.8.
Test fertilizer: rice straw: 400 kilograms/mu; Stalk 2 kilograms/mu of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed; 20 kilograms/mu of granular ureas (chemistry ltd of CNOOC produces); 25 kilograms/mu of superphosphate of lime (Zhanjiang product); 15 kilograms/mu in Repone K (Canada produces).
(1), test design adopts randomized block design.If four processing, four repetitions.Handle 1.: the full dose straw-returning+agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed; 2., full dose straw-returning+clear water; 3., full dose straw-returning; 4., straw-returning (contrast) not.
(2) field, sub-district arrange be thing capable to: by 7 meters of every zone leaders; Wide 3 meters alignments are built the sub-district, 21 square metres of sub-district areas.Be separated by 40 centimetres between the sub-district, establish guard rows all around.40 centimetres at interval of sub-district and guard rows.Make the sub-district become the unit that independently applies fertilizer.Prevent that liquid manure from going here and there mutually.
(3), fertilising and method: this test dose is established mu and is executed 20 kilograms in urea, 25 kilograms of superphosphate of lime, 15 kilograms in Repone K by local Fertilization Level.Fertilizing method is 50% an effect base manure of phosphate fertilizer 100%, nitrogen, potash fertilizer, topdresses with 30% effect of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer inserting back 10-15 days, topdresses inserting to act on 20% of nitrogen potash fertilizer in back 35 days.
Test result analysis
1, different treatment is to the rice straw velocity effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed.According to field investigation, after rice transplanting 15 days, use the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed to handle the rice straw blackening brown of sub-district, it is easily broken to pull the soft corruption of performance, and fiber is decomposition obviously.The sub-district rice straw apparent color that uses clear water to handle is faint yellow.Be difficult for breaking with pulling.Fiber does not have decomposition.Carry out also field but do not make any sub-district rice straw apparent color of handling that becomes thoroughly decomposed and be wax yellow of full dose rice straw, fiber is intact.Pulling performance is difficult for breaking.Fiber does not have decomposition.More than explanation is used " closing edge " board organic material composting agent treating water rice straw and also can be reached the effect of quick decomposition rice straw fiber in the field.The rapid-result fast variable color of stalk is rotted, decompose release organic nutrient reason place's water supply rice and absorb, promote growth.
2, different treatment is to the influence of rice tillering growth and decline.According to investigations, adopt the also field of agent treating water rice straw of becoming thoroughly decomposed, can promote rice tillering to increase.Inserted back 35 days, the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed processing sub-district rice tillering growth and decline and test plot contrast the increase of average every section and tiller 3.55.And the growth and decline peak of tillering come fast, but the seedling that falls is slow.The sub-district rice growth leaf look that the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is handled is dark green, the strong non-disclosure of blade.The seedling that behind dry field, falls is slow, explains that the agent processing rice straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed has promoted rice straw fiber decomposition to change into fertilizer and discharged to the rice seedling absorption, and making rice seedling reach growth leaf look dark green, and blade is strong, tillers to increase growing way enhanced effect.
Test case 3:
The test place is positioned at area just outside a city gate town, Yueyang County, Hunan Province Dongting Lake plant, and soil is cinnamon soil in the test site, and mainly taking turns operation mode is early rice-late rice-rape, and early rice results back full dose straw-returning is carried out no-tillage cast-transplanted.It is hybrid rice that confession studies thing, experimental cultivar: the stalk agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
9 sub-districts are established in test altogether, and the area of each sub-district is (6 * 8) m
2, district's group is arranged at random.Stalk agent consumption that becomes thoroughly decomposed in every sub-district is 0.15 kilogram, amounts to every mu about 2 kilograms.Following 3 processing are established in test: handle 1: contrast (conventional fertilizer application of no straw-returning); Handle 2: do not add the agent straw-returning that becomes thoroughly decomposed (conventional fertilizer application+stalk+clear water); Handle 3: the stalk agent straw-returning (conventional fertilizer application+stalk+stalk become thoroughly decomposed agent) that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Test-results
Use the agent the 6th day of becoming thoroughly decomposed, see from color, handle 1, to handle 2 colour-change little, handling 3 stalks, to begin decomposition softening, and black by xanthochromia, the intermediate product of release changes the water body color, and it is the fastest to add the become thoroughly decomposed stalk variable color of agent of stalk.See from breaking firmly, handle 3 ratio processing 2 and be prone to break.In appearance, the stalk that adds the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed decomposes rapidly, and the decomposition softening rate is higher.The 10th day, see that from color execute the blackening fully of the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed, disconnected at a touch, the agent blackening just of becoming thoroughly decomposed useless is difficult for breaking.
Test is found, uses the effect that stalk is handled has raising the output to a certain extent, wherein handles 1 rice yield average out to 473kg/667m
2, the output of processing two is 487kg/667m
2, the output of processing three is 498kg/667m
2Compare with contrast, the processing 2 of straw-returning increases production 2.96% and 5.29% respectively with processing 3, and processing 3 effect of increasing production of wherein inoculating the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed are better.
Claims (6)
1. complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material, it is by the bacterial classification preparation of following weight per-cent:
2. a kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material according to claim 1, it is formulated by the bacterial classification of following weight per-cent:
3. a kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material according to claim 1, it is prepared by the bacterial classification of following weight per-cent:
4. a kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material according to claim 1, it is prepared by the bacterial classification of following weight per-cent:
5. a kind of complex microorganism preparations that is used for the quick composting crop material according to claim 1, it is prepared by the bacterial classification of following weight per-cent:
6. the described a kind of preparation method who is used for the complex microorganism preparations of quick composting crop material of claim 1 the steps include:
The cultivation of A, subtilis: subtilis is at first on beef-protein medium; 28-30 ° of C; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, be inoculated at last and do three grades on the solid medium and be cultured to the bacterium number and reach 1.0-2.5 * 10
8Individual/the gram solid medium;
The cultivation of B, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae: yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is on lactic acid-yam-dextrose culture-medium; 28-30 ° of C; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, be inoculated at last and do three grades on the solid medium and be cultured to the bacterium number and reach 1.0-2.5 * 10
8Individual/the gram solid medium;
The cultivation of C, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool: black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool are respectively on potato culture; 28-30 ° of C; Making primary inclined plane cultivates; Be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, be inoculated at last and do three grades on the solid medium and be cultured to the bacterium number and reach 1.0-5.0 * 10
7Individual/the gram solid medium;
The cultivation of D, white light streptomycete: white light streptomycete is at first on the Gause I substratum; 28-30 ° of C; Make primary inclined plane and cultivate, be inoculated into then and do vibration secondary liquid culture in the triangular flask, be inoculated at last and do three grades on the solid medium and be cultured to the bacterium number and reach 1.0-2.5 * 10
8Individual/the gram solid medium;
E, the kind microbial inoculum that subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, black mold, trichoderma pseudokiningii, the flat lead fungi of yellow born of the same parents' raw wool, white light streptomycete are cultivated mix by mass ratio;
F, drying: will mix material and carry out drying, drying temperature is 20-50 ° of C, and dry back water cut is 20-30%;
G, check, packing: by the quality standard check, finished product is packed by weight, gets microbiobacterial agent.
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