CN107580818B - A kind of integrated approach of soil conditioning and reparation - Google Patents
A kind of integrated approach of soil conditioning and reparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107580818B CN107580818B CN201710587553.5A CN201710587553A CN107580818B CN 107580818 B CN107580818 B CN 107580818B CN 201710587553 A CN201710587553 A CN 201710587553A CN 107580818 B CN107580818 B CN 107580818B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012681 biocontrol agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, comprising: before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, to soil application oyster shell powder, silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer；Before fruit tree bud is bloomed, to soil application a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer；In fruit tree young fruit expanding stage, to soil application silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, complex microorganism bacterium solution；Fruiting period is strengthened in fruit tree, to the high potash fertilizer of soil application, alga fertilizer.This method improves rehabilitating soil, the PH of soil can be made to tend to be neutral, acidizing degree is substantially reduced；Soil organic matter content is significantly raised, soil property become it is loose it is ventilative, soil layer is deep.Heavy metal content in soil reduces, so that the safety is improved, output increased for long-term cropping.The method of the present invention does not interrupt the growth of crop in soil, makes healthy growth of crops while improving rehabilitating soil, improves the quality of crop, to guarantee the economic interests of grower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, in particular to a kind of not influence soil Crop Species
The integrated approach for planting and being improved soil and repaired under the premise of capable of improving crop quality belongs to soil restoring technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
Soil refers to one layer of loose substance of earth surface, by various particulate minerals, organic substance, moisture, sky
The composition such as gas, microorganism, can growing plant.Soil minerals, animals and plants as made of rock weathering, microorganism residuum decomposition produce
Raw organic matter, geobiont (solid matter) and moisture (liquid phase substance), air (gaseous substance), the humus etc. of oxidation
Composition.Soil is the core dielectric of environment, is indispensable regenerated resources and the mankind and the weight that many biologies are depended on for existence
Want ambient condition.The quality of soil environment directly affects the quality of agricultural and sideline product and then influences the health of the mankind.
As a large amount of unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer and high-quality organic fertilizer application are insufficient, get over the accumulation of soil intermediate ion
Come more, organic matter is fewer and fewer, causes soil acidification serious, to cause problems.Such as soil hardening is aggravated, make root
System's stretching, extension is difficult, and rooting ability is weak, and slow seedling is difficult, grown-ups and children tree easy to form, old runt seedling, and the bad absorption function of root system development reduces,
Growing way is weak, and yield reduces；Pesticide waste is aggravated, plant growing way weakens, and disease resistance reduces, easily by disease infestation, it has to increase
It is affixed by dose；Make the reduction of part middle and trace element absorption rate, investment is caused to increase, benefit is greatly lowered；Seek crop
Support bad, nutritional deficiency disease is serious, such as apple bitter pit, pears iron head disease, mango black heart frequently occur；Cause soil beneficial to micro- life
Species group variation, organisms growth become smaller, and growth and breeding speed reduces, and such as decomposes main micro- life of organic matter and its protein
Species group bacillus, actinomyces, methane pole hair bacillus and related fungi reduce, and influence the benign cycle of nutrient,
Cause the agriculture underproduction；Heavy metal in soil content is caused to increase, activity improves, so that it is very big to there is the crop of grown on soil
Edible safety.Therefore, green, health, environmental protection are being pursued instantly, is researching and developing a kind of efficient soil conditioning and reparation side
Method is able to satisfy and continues the drawbacks of plant growth is avoided that the methods of certain physics, chemistry, biology, electrolysis again, such as changes
Method easily causes secondary pollution, and electrolysis method handles that the time is long, influences soil ecology, and bioanalysis rate is slow, the period is long and to soil
Environmental requirement is stringent etc..
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, reduces soil
Acidity improves soil texture, restores microbial flora, adjusts P in soil H value, is passivated heavy metal-polluted soil, and then improve crop yield
With quality.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, comprising the following steps:
S1, before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, to 20-60kg/ mus of soil application oyster shell powder, silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer
20-60kg/ mus, 60-400kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 20-80kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 10-
30kg/ mus；
S2, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, to 3-10kg/ mus of soil application a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
10-35kg/ mus of material；
S3, in fruit tree young fruit expanding stage, to 10-40kg/ mus of soil application silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, complex microorganism bacterium solution 5-
20L/ mus；
S4, fruiting period is strengthened in fruit tree, it is potash fertilizer 10-40kg/ mus high to soil application, 5-20L/ mus of alga fertilizer；
The described pair of soil to raise fruit trees, using the method for step S1-S4；The described pair of soil for planting other crops, is adopted
With the method for step S1.
Preferably, the soil includes the raw-soil newly opened up wasteland and the mellow soil of long-term cropping.
Preferably, in step S1, the oyster shell powder is that oyster shell is crushed slabbing, is roasted under 600~800 DEG C of high temperature
Burn 15~25 minutes, be pulverized into powder, oyster shell powder.
Preferably, in step S1, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method is as follows:
A1, by 10-40 parts of Chinese medicine slag by weight, 20-60 parts of peanut shell, 10-50 parts of the corn stover of crushing and
5-20 parts of ginger powder weigh after mix, add water-wet to moisten, make its water content in 50-65%, form mixture；
A2, the uniformly mixed post-fermentation of zymophyte for accounting for the 0.2-3% of mixture total mass is then added, controlled at
It 55-65 DEG C, ferments 10-30 days；
A3, the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, huge for accounting for the 0.1-3% of mixture total mass is added in the mixture after having fermented
Bacterium anthracoides, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus to get.
Preferably, the bacterium of the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus
Content >=500,000,000/ml.
It is highly preferred that the jelly bacillus the preparation method is as follows: bacillus is carried out seed culture, originate pH
Value is 7,35-37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, cultivates 30-40ml in 250ml triangular flask；Then it is inoculated by inoculum concentration 3-7% bacterium solution
50L fermentor carries out fermented and cultured, cultivation cycle 20-35h, and gemma amount can achieve 5-9 × 108Cfu/ml to get.Described kind
The culture medium that son culture and fermented and cultured use includes following components: liquid molasses 0.5-2%, the bean cake powder of score meter by weight
0.1-0.6%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.01-0.2%, K2HPO40.1-0.4%, CaCO30.05-0.2%.
It is highly preferred that the bacillus megaterium the preparation method comprises the following steps: bacillus is carried out seed culture, then by connecing
Kind volume fraction is 2-8%, is seeded in fermentation medium, and fermentation temperature is at 30 DEG C, shaking speed 200r/min, fermentation
48h to get.Before carrying out seed culture, bacillus megaterium first uses solid medium for LB culture medium culture.The seed of use
Culture medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 10-20, yeast extract 1-6, K2HPO40.1-1, MgSO4
0.1-1, PH7.0.Fermentation medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 15-30, dregs of beans 20-60, K2HPO4
1-5, MgSO40.1-2, Na2HPO4 0.1-2,CaCO3 0.1-2,MnSO4 0.1-2。
It is highly preferred that the preparation of the bacillus subtilis are as follows: it is 5-10% progress that bacillus subtilis, which is pressed inoculum concentration,
Inoculation, under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C of cultivation temperature, initial p H7.0-7.5,160-200r/min shake culture 10-20h to get.Institute
State culture medium includes following components as mass fraction: glucose 1-6%, yeast extract 1-5%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.05-
0.5%, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.5%, yeast extract 0.05-0.5%.
It is highly preferred that the preparation of said waxy bacillus (g/L) are as follows: bacillus is seeded in culture medium and sends out
Ferment culture, final pH 7.2 ± 0.2 to get.The formula of institute's culture medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) are as follows: peptone 5-30, ferment
Female cream powder 1-10, disodium hydrogen phosphate 1-8, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-1, agar 5-20, hybrid pigment 1-10.
Preferably, in step S1, the biocontrol agent the preparation method is as follows:
B1, by by weight 5-40 parts of 5-40 parts of mangrove bark, apple skin, crush 20-70 part of mango branch, crushing
10-40 parts of apple branch and 5-20 parts of marine products processing leftover bits and pieces are uniformly mixed, and are added em bacterium sufficiently to ferment and are formed fermentation material；
B2, inoculation accounts for 0.5 hundred million/ml Trichoderma spore suspension of the 1-15% of fermentation material gross mass, mixing in fermentation material
Uniformly, it is kept for 5-30 days, makes 200,000,000/ml of reesei spores number that fermentation material is final.
It is highly preferred that the preparation of 0.5 hundred million/ml trichoderma bacterium suspension are as follows: by trichoderma strain in PDA culture medium culture 5
It, takes diameter 0.5cm pure culture biscuits involvng inoculation in following fluid nutrient medium (following components content is in terms of g/100ml): wheat bran 0.5-1,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-1, calcium carbonate 0.1-1, glucose 1-4, ammonium sulfate 0.2-1, corn flour 0.5-3；Adjustment PH is 5.0-
6.0,25-30 DEG C, 180r/min cultivate 72h to get.
Preferably, in step S1 and S3, in the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, each element content is as follows: silicon >=20%, and calcium >=
22%, magnesium >=8%, potassium >=6%, trace copper, iron, zinc, boron, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine total content >=2%, the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer
In total nutrient >=55%.
Preferably, in step S2, the Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer refers specifically to Nitrogen element amount 8%, P elements amount
45%, the water soluble fertilizer of potassium element 9%.
Preferably, in step S2, the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer includes small molecule humic acid potassium, water-soluble organic matter, big
The nutriments such as secondary element, potassium fulvate, polyglycosides.
Preferably, in step S3, in the complex microorganism bacterium solution, the photosynthetic bacteria, the cupreum, lactic acid bacteria, EM bacterium that include
Total bacteria count is 1,000,000,000/ml, and plant crude protein content is 8%, active yellow corruption acid content is 10%, small molecule active carbon content is
6%, compounded amino acid content is 4%.Silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer and complex microorganism bacterium solution are instilled with drip irrigation facilities sets disk root soil.
Preferably, in step S4, nitrogen 10%, P elements 5%, potassium element 38% are contained in the high potash fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S4, the alga fertilizer refers to based on mass fraction, contains seaweed extracted liquor 20%, potassium fulvate
10% Liquid Fertilizer.The seaweed extracted liquor for improvement soil texture, is adjusted rich in sea grass polysaccharide, oligosaccharides, double algae glycopeptides etc.
P in soil H, increase crop quality play an important role.
The present invention carries out the application of different fertilizer by the different growth times in planted crop to its soil, so as to reach
To the effect of optimal soil conditioning and reparation.The Dressing date of the different fertilizer is not right, it will cause soil conditioning with repair
It acts on again unobvious or even without repair.
The prior art is compared, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the oyster shell powder natural porous surface rich in applied in the present invention is the ideal carrier of substance attachment,
It is applied to field together with other fertilizer, can play the role of extending fertilizer nutrient release time, improve utilization rate of fertilizer；And
Oyster shell powder can be enhanced water-retaining property, nutrient preserving capability and the gas permeability of soil, can improve soil physics knot as soil conditioner
Structure reduces soil hardening degree, promotes edaphon breeding, promotes absorption of the crop to nutrient, thus reach improvement soil,
Increase production, the purpose of improving quality.
2, the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer applied can improve soil pH value in the present invention, and settlement heavy metal-polluted soil avoids
It is absorbed by crops.And it is hardened to reduce soil acidification, active soil stratum thickeies, and exempts to deep plough, and crumb structure multiplication is conducive to geobiont bacterium
Procreation, increases soil fertility, and promotes crop equilibration nourishment.In the case where soil nutrient balance, plant nutrient Balance Absorption, respectively
Kind physiological disease significantly reduces, and fertilizer and pesticide is used or do not had to less, improves the quality and safety of crops.
3, the corn stover and peanut shell in the biological organic fertilizer applied in the present invention, it is from a wealth of sources, make full use of agricultural
Organic waste is turned waste into wealth, and environmental pollution caused by a large amount of crop straw burnings is avoided, and realizes the circulation sustainable development of agricultural
Exhibition；Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus etc. can be secreted in the metabolic process
Bacteriocin, lipopeptide compound, organic acid substance etc., these metabolins can effectively inhibit the growth or dissolution cause of disease of opportunistic pathogen
Bacterium, so that killing germ, highly resistance continuous cropping；The nutriments such as the biostimulant of secretion have the function of diseases prevention, growth-promoting, volume increase；
Four kinds of bacillus also have the function of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer in soil.
4, under the apple skin in the biocontrol agent applied in the present invention, mangrove bark, apple branch, mango branch and marine products processing
The organic wastes such as heel are adequately broken utilization, avoid environmental pollution caused by burning or burying in the environment, realize agriculture
The sustainable cycle development of industry；Trichoderma in biocontrol agent has Competition, captures water by fast-growth and breeding
Point and nutrient, occupy space so that weaken and exclude the pathogen in Same Habitat；Antagonism, Trichoderma are small by generating
The antibiotic of molecule and the antibacterial protein of macromolecular or cell-wall degrading enzyme class inhibit the growth of pathogen, breed and infect；Promote
Raw effect, Trichoderma can increase germination rate, the length of root and seedling and the vigor of plant of seed and induction in use
Host plant generates defense reaction, improves disease resistance.
5, soil conditioning of the invention and the integrated approach of reparation do not interrupt the growth of crop in soil, repair soil in conditioning
Make healthy growth of crops while earth, improve the quality of crop, to guarantee the economic interests of grower.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Following embodiments provide the integrated approach the present invention provides a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, including following step
It is rapid:
S1, before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, to 20-60kg/ mus of soil application oyster shell powder, silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer
20-60kg/ mus, 60-400kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 20-80kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 10-
30kg/ mus；
S2, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, to 3-10kg/ mus of soil application a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
10-35kg/ mus of material；
S3, in fruit tree young fruit expanding stage, to 10-40kg/ mus of soil application silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, complex microorganism bacterium solution 5-
20L/ mus；
S4, fruiting period is strengthened in fruit tree, it is potash fertilizer 10-40kg/ mus high to soil application, 5-20L/ mus of alga fertilizer；
The described pair of soil to raise fruit trees, using the method for step S1-S4；The described pair of soil for planting other crops, is adopted
With the method for step S1.
The soil includes the raw-soil newly opened up wasteland and the mellow soil of long-term cropping.
In step S1, the oyster shell powder is that oyster shell is crushed slabbing, under 600~800 DEG C of high temperature roast 15~
25 minutes, be pulverized into powder, oyster shell powder.
In step S1, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method is as follows:
A1, by 10-40 parts of Chinese medicine slag by weight, 20-60 parts of peanut shell, 10-50 parts of the corn stover of crushing and
5-20 parts of ginger powder weigh after mix, add water-wet to moisten, make its water content in 50-65%, form mixture；
A2, the uniformly mixed post-fermentation of zymophyte for accounting for the 0.2-3% of mixture total mass is then added, controlled at
It 55-65 DEG C, ferments 10-30 days；
A3, the bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, huge for accounting for the 0.1-3% of mixture total mass is added in the mixture after having fermented
Bacterium anthracoides, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus to get.
The bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus bacterial content >=
500000000/ml.
The jelly bacillus the preparation method is as follows: bacillus is carried out seed culture, initial ph value 7, training
35-37 DEG C of temperature is supported, cultivates 30-40ml in 250ml triangular flask；Then 50L fermentor is inoculated by inoculum concentration 3-7% bacterium solution
Fermented and cultured, cultivation cycle 20-35h are carried out, gemma amount can achieve 5-9 × 108Cfu/ml to get.The seed culture and
Fermented and cultured use culture medium include following components: the liquid molasses 0.5-2% of score meter by weight, bean cake powder 0.1-0.6%,
MgSO4·7H2O 0.01-0.2%, K2HPO40.1-0.4%, CaCO30.05-0.2%.
The bacillus megaterium the preparation method comprises the following steps: bacillus is carried out seed culture, then integrated by inoculum
Number be 2-8%, be seeded in fermentation medium, fermentation temperature at 30 DEG C, shaking speed 200r/min, ferment 48h to get.
Before carrying out seed culture, bacillus megaterium first uses solid medium for LB culture medium culture.The seed culture medium of use is (each
Constituent content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 10-20, yeast extract 1-6, K2HPO40.1-1, MgSO40.1-1, PH7.0.
Fermentation medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 15-30, dregs of beans 20-60, K2HPO41-5, MgSO4
0.1-2, Na2HPO4 0.1-2,CaCO3 0.1-2,MnSO4 0.1-2。
The preparation of the bacillus subtilis are as follows: bacillus subtilis is inoculated with by inoculum concentration for 5-10%, is being trained
Support 35-40 DEG C of temperature, under the conditions of initial p H7.0-7.5,160-200r/min shake culture 10-20h to get.The culture medium
It as mass fraction include following components: glucose 1-6%, yeast extract 1-5%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.05-0.5%, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen sodium 0.05-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.5%, yeast extract 0.05-0.5%.
The preparation of said waxy bacillus (g/L) are as follows: bacillus is seeded in culture medium and carries out fermented and cultured, most
Whole pH 7.2 ± 0.2 to get.The formula of institute's culture medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) are as follows: peptone 5-30, yeast extract powder 1-
10, disodium hydrogen phosphate 1-8, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-1, agar 5-20, hybrid pigment 1-10.
Using above-mentioned cultural method can prepare bacterial content >=bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, the huge gemma bar of 500,000,000/ml
Bacterium, bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cercus.
In step S1, the biocontrol agent the preparation method is as follows:
B1, by by weight 5-40 parts of 5-40 parts of mangrove bark, apple skin, crush 20-70 part of mango branch, crushing
10-40 parts of apple branch and 5-20 parts of marine products processing leftover bits and pieces are uniformly mixed, and are added em bacterium sufficiently to ferment and are formed fermentation material；
B2, inoculation accounts for 0.5 hundred million/ml Trichoderma spore suspension of the 1-15% of fermentation material gross mass, mixing in fermentation material
Uniformly, it is kept for 5-30 days, makes 200,000,000/ml of reesei spores number that fermentation material is final.
The preparation of 0.5 hundred million/ml trichoderma bacterium suspension are as follows: by trichoderma strain at PDA culture medium culture 5 days, take diameter
0.5cm pure culture biscuits involvng inoculation is in following fluid nutrient medium (following components content is in terms of g/100ml): wheat bran 0.5-1, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.1-1, calcium carbonate 0.1-1, glucose 1-4, ammonium sulfate 0.2-1, corn flour 0.5-3；Adjustment PH be 5.0-6.0,25-30 DEG C,
180r/min cultivate 72h to get.
In step S1 and S3, in the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, each element content is as follows: silicon >=20%, calcium >=22%, and magnesium >=
8%, potassium >=6%, trace copper, iron, zinc, boron, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine total content >=2%, total in the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer support
Part >=55%.
In step S2, the Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer refers specifically to Nitrogen element amount 8%, P elements amount 45%, potassium member
The water soluble fertilizer of element 9%.
In step S2, the humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, include small molecule humic acid potassium, water-soluble organic matter, a great number of elements,
The nutriments such as potassium fulvate, polyglycosides.
In step S3, in the complex microorganism bacterium solution, photosynthetic bacteria, cupreum, lactic acid bacteria, the EM bacterium total bacteria count for including are
1000000000/ml, plant crude protein content is 8%, active yellow corruption acid content is 10%, small molecule active carbon content is 6%, compound ammonia
Base acid content is 4%.Silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer and complex microorganism bacterium solution are instilled with drip irrigation facilities sets disk root soil.
In step S4, nitrogen 10%, P elements 5%, potassium element 38% are contained in the high potash fertilizer.
In step S4, the alga fertilizer refers to based on mass fraction, the liquid containing seaweed extracted liquor 20%, potassium fulvate 10%
Body fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
The integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation is present embodiments provided, specifically includes the following steps:
One, common crops are before long-term cropping or orchard soil is after picking fruit, apply oyster shell powder 40kg/ mus,
35kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 200kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 30kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15)
20kg/ mus.
The biological organic fertilizer refers to the Chinese medicine slag 15 of parts by weight meter, peanut shell 40, the corn stover 35 of crushing, ginger powder
After 10 weigh, water-wet being added to moisten, makes its water content 55%, post-fermentation is uniformly mixed with 1% zymophyte, daily turning is primary,
So that its temperature is maintained 65 DEG C, 25 days, mixed after temperature drops to 30 DEG C 1% bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, huge gemma bar
Bacterium, bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cercus.
The bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus bacterial content >=
500000000/ml.
The jelly bacillus the preparation method is as follows: bacillus is carried out seed culture, initial ph value 7, training
37 DEG C of temperature is supported, cultivates 30ml in 250ml triangular flask；Then 50L fermentor is inoculated by 5% bacterium solution of inoculum concentration to ferment
Culture, cultivation cycle 28h, gemma amount can achieve 9.58 × 108Cfu/ml to get.
The bacillus megaterium the preparation method comprises the following steps: bacillus is carried out seed culture, then integrated by inoculum
Number be 5%, be seeded in fermentation medium, fermentation temperature at 30 DEG C, shaking speed 200r/min, ferment 48h to get.Into
Before row seed culture, bacillus megaterium first uses solid medium for LB culture medium culture.Seed culture medium (each group of use
Point content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 16, yeast extract 4, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5, magnesium sulfate 0.5；Adjust PH7.0.Institute
State fermentation medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) formula are as follows: starch 19.67, dregs of beans 48.85, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2, magnesium sulfate
0.5, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.5, calcium carbonate 0.5, manganese sulfate 0.5.
The preparation of the bacillus subtilis are as follows: be inoculated with bacillus subtilis for 7% by inoculum concentration, in culture temperature
38 DEG C of degree, under the conditions of initial p H7.0,180r/min shake culture 17h to get.The culture medium include as mass fraction with
Lower component: glucose 3%, yeast extract 1.5%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, yeast
Soak powder 0.5%.
The preparation of said waxy bacillus (g/L) are as follows: bacillus is seeded in culture medium and carries out fermented and cultured, most
Whole pH 7.2 to get.The formula of institute's culture medium (each component content is in terms of g/L) are as follows: peptone 15, yeast extract powder 4, phosphoric acid hydrogen two
Sodium 2.52, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28, agar 15, hybrid pigment 3.25.
Biocontrol agent refers to 10 parts of 10 parts of mangrove bark, the apple skin of parts by weight meter and 35 parts of the mango branch crushed, crushes
35 parts of apple branch and 10 parts of marine products processing leftover bits and pieces be uniformly mixed, after adding em bacterium sufficiently ferment according to inoculum concentration 3% addition
0.5 hundred million/ml Trichoderma spore suspension is uniformly mixed, and daily turning is primary, is kept for 10 days, is made the reesei spores that fermentation material is final
Number is 200,000,000/ml.
0.5 hundred million/ml trichoderma bacterium suspension refers to trichoderma strain at PDA culture medium culture 5 days, takes diameter 0.5cm bacteria cake
It is inoculated into following fluid nutrient medium ((following components content is in terms of g/100ml): wheat bran 0.6, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2, calcium carbonate
0.2, glucose 1.5, ammonium sulfate 0.3, corn flour 2；Adjusting PH is 5.5,27 DEG C, and 180r/min cultivates 72h.
Silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer refer to it is siliceous >=20%, calcium >=22%, magnesium >=8%, potassium >=6%, microelement: copper, iron, zinc,
Boron, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine >=2%, the fertilizer of total nutrient >=55%.
Two, for orchard soil, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, 5kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer are applied, humic acid water
Molten fertilizer 15kg/ mus.
Three, for orchard soil, the type and its dosage of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer include: 15kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, multiple
Close microbial inoculum 15L/ mus.
Four, potash fertilizer 20kg/ mus high in the application of strong fruiting period for orchard soil, 10L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation is present embodiments provided, specifically includes the following steps:
One, common crops apply oyster shell powder 60kg/ before long-term cropping or orchard soil is after picking fruit
Mu, 60kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 380kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 80kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15)
15kg/ mus.
Using biological organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1, biocontrol agent and silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
Two, for orchard soil, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, 3kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer are applied, humic acid water
Molten fertilizer 15kg/ mus.
Three, for orchard soil, the type and its dosage of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer include: 10kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, multiple
Close microbial inoculum 5L/ mus.
Four, potash fertilizer 15kg/ mus high in the application of strong fruiting period for orchard soil, 5L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation is present embodiments provided, specifically includes the following steps:
One, common crops apply oyster shell powder 20kg/ before long-term cropping or orchard soil is after picking fruit
Mu, 20kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 100kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 20kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15)
10kg/ mus.
Using biological organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1, biocontrol agent and silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
Two, for orchard soil, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, 10kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer are applied, humic acid water
Molten fertilizer 30kg/ mus.
Three, for orchard soil, the type and its dosage of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer include: 40kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, multiple
Close microbial inoculum 20L/ mus.
Four, potash fertilizer 35kg/ mus high in the application of strong fruiting period for orchard soil, 20L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, specifically includes the following steps:
One, before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, oyster shell powder 30kg/ mus of application, 65kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer,
450kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 30kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, 20kg/ mus of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15).
Using biological organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1, biocontrol agent and silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
Two, for orchard soil, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, 12kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer are applied, humic acid water
Molten fertilizer 40kg/ mus.
Three, for orchard soil, the type and its dosage of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer include: 45kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, multiple
Close microbial inoculum 15L/ mus.
Four, potash fertilizer 20kg/ mus high in the application of strong fruiting period for orchard soil, 15L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, specifically includes the following steps:
One, before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, oyster shell powder 15kg/ mus of application, 14kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer,
50kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, 20kg/ mus of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15).
Using biological organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1, biocontrol agent and silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
Two, for orchard soil, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, 8kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer are applied, humic acid water
Molten fertilizer 5kg/ mus.
Three, for orchard soil, the type and its dosage of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer include: 8kg/ mus of silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, multiple
Close microbial inoculum 15L/ mus.
Four, potash fertilizer 20kg/ mus high in the application of strong fruiting period for orchard soil, 5L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, and specific steps are substantially the same manner as Example 3,
The difference is that only: in step 1, this comparative example does not apply biological organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, and specific steps are substantially the same manner as Example 2,
The difference is that only: in step 1, the biological organic fertilizer of this comparative example application is 450kg/ mus.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, and specific steps are substantially the same manner as Example 2,
It the difference is that only: in step 2,13kg/ mus of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer of the application of this comparative example, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
It is 5kg/ mus.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, and specific steps are substantially the same manner as Example 2,
The difference is that only: in this comparative example, step 3 is the type of young fruit expanding stage fertilizer and its dosage includes: high potash fertilizer
15kg/ mus, 5L/ mus of complex microorganism bacterium solution.Step 4 is to apply silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer 10kg/ in strong fruiting period for orchard soil
Mu, 5L/ mus of alga fertilizer.
Compliance test result: the soil of above-described embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-6 are used to the plantation of mango, using above-mentioned side
After method, indices, that is, Mango Output of soil is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 improving rehabilitating soil using this method, the PH of soil can be made to tend to be neutral, acidizing degree
It is substantially reduced；Soil organic matter content is significantly raised, soil property become it is loose it is ventilative, soil layer is deep.Heavy metal content in soil reduces,
So that the safety is improved for long-term cropping；After being applied on mango, so that Mango Output significantly improves.
There are many concrete application approach of the present invention, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention.More than it should be pointed out that
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope being not intended to restrict the invention.For the common skill of the art
For art personnel, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement can also be made, these improvement also should be regarded as this hair
Bright protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. the integrated approach of a kind of soil conditioning and reparation, which comprises the following steps:
S1, before long-term cropping or after picking fruit, to 20-60kg/ mus of soil application oyster shell powder, silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer 20-
60kg/ mus, 60-400kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizer, 20-80kg/ mus of biocontrol agent, 10-30kg/ mus of ternary compound fertilizer；
S2, before fruit tree bud is bloomed, to 3-10kg/ mus of soil application a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer
10-35kg/ mus；
S3, in fruit tree young fruit expanding stage, to 10-40kg/ mus of soil application silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, complex microorganism bacterium solution 5-20L/
Mu；
S4, fruiting period is strengthened in fruit tree, it is potash fertilizer 10-40kg/ mus high to soil application, 5-20L/ mus of alga fertilizer；
To the soil to raise fruit trees, using the method for step S1-S4；To the soil for planting other crops, using the side of step S1
Method；
In step S1, the biological organic fertilizer the preparation method is as follows:
A1, by 10-40 parts of Chinese medicine slag by weight, 20-60 parts of peanut shell, 10-50 parts of the corn stover of crushing and ginger powder
5-20 parts weigh after mix, add water-wet to moisten, make its water content in 50-65%, form mixture；
A2, the uniformly mixed post-fermentation of zymophyte for accounting for the 0.2-3% of mixture total mass is then added, controlled at 55-65
DEG C, it ferments 10-30 days；
A3, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, the huge bud for accounting for the 0.1-3% of mixture total mass are added in the mixture after having fermented
Spore bacillus, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus to get；
In step S1, the biocontrol agent the preparation method is as follows:
B1, by by weight 5-40 parts of 5-40 parts of mangrove bark, apple skin, crush 20-70 part of mango branch, crushing apple
10-40 parts and 5-20 parts of marine products processing leftover bits and pieces of branch are uniformly mixed, and add em bacterium sufficiently to ferment and form fermentation material；
B2, inoculation accounts for 0.5 hundred million/ml Trichoderma spore suspension of the 1-15% of fermentation material gross mass in fermentation material, is uniformly mixed,
It is kept for 5-30 days, makes 200,000,000/ml of reesei spores number that fermentation material is final.
2. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that the soil includes newly opening
The raw-soil cultivated and the mellow soil of long-term cropping.
3. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that the gel-shaped gemma bar
Bacterium, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cercus bacterial content >=500,000,000/ml.
4. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that in step S1 and S3, institute
State in silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer, each element content is as follows: silicon >=20%, calcium >=22%, magnesium >=8%, potassium >=6%, trace copper, iron, zinc,
Boron, manganese, molybdenum, chlorine total content >=2%, total nutrient >=55% in the silico-calcium potassic-magnesian fertilizer.
5. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that described big in step S2
Secondary element water soluble fertilizer refer specifically to Nitrogen element amount 8%, P elements amount 45%, potassium element 9% water soluble fertilizer.
6. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that described multiple in step S3
It closes in microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacteria, cupreum, lactic acid bacteria, the EM bacterium total bacteria count for including are 1,000,000,000/ml, plant crude protein content
For 8%, active yellow corruption acid content be 10%, small molecule active carbon content is 6%, compounded amino acid content is 4%.
7. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that in step S4, the height
Contain nitrogen 10%, P elements 5%, potassium element 38% in potash fertilizer.
8. the integrated approach of soil conditioning according to claim 1 and reparation, which is characterized in that in step S4, the sea
Algae fertilizer refers to the Liquid Fertilizer containing seaweed extracted liquor 20%, potassium fulvate 10%.
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| CN109644603A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-04-19 | 深圳市升源园林生态有限公司 | A kind of ecological soil guard system and its building method |
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