CN106717942A - A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106717942A CN106717942A CN201611195009.8A CN201611195009A CN106717942A CN 106717942 A CN106717942 A CN 106717942A CN 201611195009 A CN201611195009 A CN 201611195009A CN 106717942 A CN106717942 A CN 106717942A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wild
- centimetres
- shallow
- raw groove
- high aititude
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude, and step includes：The wild bosom mountain strain nursery seed selection of A, High aititude；The wild bosom mountain breed breeding of B, High aititude；The wild bosom sweet potato kind treatment of C, High aititude, vernalization；D, site preparation, it is put into shallow raw groove and matrix, basal dressing；E, shallow raw groove directional planting；F, field management；G, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control H, harvesting.The present invention orients the wild Huai Shan of intensified culturing High aititude by artificial collection kind and using shallow raw groove; having the advantages that to emerge, neat, growing way is prosperous, anti-victim is good, yield is high, best in quality, low cost; it is adapted to extensive cultivation transplanting; protect and cultivate the wild bosom mountain kind of popularization and application, it is to avoid high-quality wild bosom mountain variety source faces the problem of exhaustion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arviculture technology, the especially cultural method of wild Huai Shan.
Background technology
Huai Shan is herbaceos perennial, vines life, purple, root tuber cylinder, leaf opposite, elliptical or oval shape, flower
Milky, dioecism.In the mountain of bosom containing much starch and protein, B family vitamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, glucose,
Crude protein amino acid, bile alkaline, allantoin etc., with tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, engender liquid and benefic lung, nourishment for vitality, enhancing metabolism, prevention
The effects such as cardiovascular fat deposition, induction produce interferon, enhancing immune function of human body.Therefore, in daily life, Ren Mindou
Huai Shan is eaten as food, while also serve as Chinese medicine being applied, market demand is larger, and cultivation has good prospects.
The wild Huai Shan of High aititude is perennial winding herbaceous species, can both work as food consumption, can also work as Chinese medicine and use, the florescence
6~August, in 8~October of fruiting period, is born under hillside woods side, spinney and limes marginis, journey in quality, in the season of autumn and winter, lives amid the mountains
The people just go up a hill searching wild Huai Shan excavation, and the wild bosom mountain list marketing that will be excavated, so as to obtain certain economy
Benefit.But, the excavation with the people increases, and the wild bosom mountain variety source of some wild bosom mountain kind particularly high-quality faces
Exhaustion, therefore, protection is collected and cultivates the wild bosom mountain kind of popularization and application, for promoting countryside characteristic industry development and peasant to increase
Tool is received to be of great significance.
Domestic patent database disclosed the bosom mountain cultivation technique of some correlations in recent years：
For example：Patent document【Application number】CN201310174852.8 discloses " a kind of implantation methods of Chinese yam ", mainly includes
Following steps：（1）The selection and sterilization of Chinese yam kind；（2）Whole and nursery is turned in seedbed；（3）Cultivate the fertilising of ditch and go out transplantation of seedlings；
（4）Field management；（5）Harvest.The implantation methods of the Chinese yam are not described and are directed to what the wild Huai Shan of High aititude was planted,
Nor be that intensified culturing is oriented using shallow raw groove, labor intensive is big, and planting cost is high.
Patent document【Application number】CN201510756548.3 discloses " a kind of nuisanceless Chinese yam high yield cultural method ", its
Comprise the following steps：First, soil property requirement；2nd, Fruit variety；3rd, site preparation and fertilization；4th, Furrow sowing；5th, emerge period management；
6th, seedling management；7th, harvest time；8th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；9th, the storage of seeds.It is right that the cultural method of the Chinese yam is not illustrated
The kind of Chinese yam carries out artificial collection and directive breeding, if directly carry out cultivation by the wild bosom mountain kind of High aititude may make
Into under yield, quality is bad, and shallow raw groove useless is oriented intensified culturing, and labor intensive is big, cultivates high cost.
The content of the invention
Intensified culturing is oriented by artificial collection kind and using shallow raw groove it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of, and is gone out
Seedling is neat, growing way is prosperous, anti-victim is good, yield is high, the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude best in quality, low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that：The wild bosom of High aititude
The cultural method on mountain, comprises the following steps：
The wild bosom mountain strain nursery seed selection of A, High aititude：Wild bosom mountain individual plant is gathered out by the place from height above sea level 300-1500 meters,
And will be planted on height above sea level 400-700 meters of soil after all wild bosom mountain individual plant numberings for collecting, it is strong using modeling groove orientation
Change cultivation technique to be cultivated, make kind to carry out strain nursery seed selection using stem and bulbil is cultivated, and according to speed of emergence, emerge it is whole
Qi Du, growth potential, disease resistance, plant height, stem tuber be thick and length, individual plant stem tuber weight and in stem tuber carbohydrate containing and other
10 kinds of internal substance contents are oriented strain nursery seed selection.
The wild bosom mountain breed breeding of B, High aititude：Selected from the wild bosom mountain strain nursery of the High aititude of step A emerge it is neat,
Growth potential is prosperous, disease resistance is strong, the edible elite plant strain garden that stem tuber is thick and long, yield per unit area is high, best in quality, and will select
Bulbil and stem tuber are made to plant in the strain nursery for coming carries out expanding numerous, carries out further directive breeding, you can obtain proterties stabilization
The wild bosom mountain kind of High aititude.
The wild bosom sweet potato kind treatment of C, High aititude, vernalization：
1. potato kind treatment：Feature, no disease and pests harm, the fully aging wild bosom mountain kind block of High aititude that step B is obtained
Stem and bulbil make potato kind, and Chinese yam kind stem tuber is cut into the belt leather kind stem tuber of 4-5 centimeter lengths long for 25-30 days before plantation, will be cut into
Belt leather kind stem tuber and bulbil sterilized 9-11 minutes with 58% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of immersion kinds, then take out and dry
After can directly carry out vernalization.
2. vernalization：First indoors or 3-5 centimetres of the furrow face upper berth in field river sand, kind stem tuber, more than zero for the treatment of potato kind being obtained
Son is layered on river sand, and it is 8-12 centimetres to plant stem tuber, bulbil thickness, 3-5 centimetres of river sand or wet straw is then covered, by 20-
25 days, when the young shoot that a variety of stem tubers of potato and bulbil grow is long 3-5 centimetres by be colonized.
D, site preparation, it is put into shallow raw groove and matrix, basal dressing：
1. site preparation：Selection soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage is planted, and March late Febuary is from the beginning of furrow, soil
Earth first deep ploughs solarization in vain, is planted using single file, and furrow are played by 1.8 meters of bracing wires, finally makes furrow high 1.4 meters 30-40 centimetres high wide, presses
18-20 centimetres of spacing in the rows excavates parallel oblique ditch wide about 7 centimetres, long 120 centimetres with spud, and oblique ditch gradient is 10-30
Degree, upper end is deep 8-12 centimetres, and lower end is deep 25-30 centimetres, every mu of digging parallel oblique ditch of 1800-2000 bars.
2. shallow raw groove and matrix are put into：Parallel oblique ditch is put into the special shallow raw groove of suitable Chinese yam growth in time after excavating,
Enough soft fillers are discharged in shallow raw groove, then is added by every mu public by 200-300 kilograms of Chicken dung, biological organic fertilizer 100
Jin, 50 kilograms of matrix for mixing of calcium superphosphate are mixed thoroughly with soft filler, except shallow raw 10-15 centimetres of part in groove upper end is not required to apply
Loosen soft packing outer, it is necessary to shallow its complementary space of raw groove is piled into soft filler.
3. basal dressing：After being put into soft filler, per it is per mu it is even spread fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung or 200-300 kilograms of pigeon dung makees base manure,
Base manure is applied to soil layer 5-15 centimeters, then backfilled with earth, and 5-10 cm layer of soil is covered during backfilled with earth, and shallow raw groove upper end leaves
Sowing mark prepare plantation, shallow raw groove two ends should not expose or it is low cross bottom of trench.
E, shallow raw groove directional planting：
1. implantation time：Selection mid or late March to the fine day of April early and middle ten dayses is planted, and when temperature goes back up to more than 12 DEG C, ground temperature is steady
Sowed by when reaching more than 10 DEG C surely.
2. implantation methods：Using shallow raw groove directional planting, will be seeded into shallow raw groove with bud potato kind, band bud potato kind and shallow life
Groove is placed in parallel, and downwards, then bud and cut side up cover 5-10 centimetres to a variety of skins of potato with soil, and every plant is only stayed 1-2 during plantation
Individual healthy and strong young shoot, unnecessary young shoot is thoroughly extractd.
F, field management：
1. weeding：After plantation 1-2 days in soil moisture or after rain with 90% acetochlor ec, 350 times of liquid or 96% gold medal all your missible oil
2000 times of liquid are watered spraying, are sprayed on shallow raw groove lower end furrow face, furrow side and ditch, in growth period if any weeds, can with gram
Spraying is watered without 300 times of liquid of track to prevent and kill off, liquid can not be splashed on Chinese yam tendril during spraying.
2. covering with ground sheeting furrow face：After emerging and before built, covered with 1.5 meters of black mulch films wide after the rain or after drenching
Lid furrow face is simultaneously compressed.
3. built draws climing, training：After plantation 10-20 days, when height of seedling 18-22 cms, hedge bamboo built, every plant of Huaihe River are inserted
Mountain stays tendril 1 and draws tendril restocking, the 6-9 months, and several young tender tendrils that potato kind is grown are extractd from base portion, the tendril of reservation
The lateral bine grown between less than 1.5 meters axils will also be extractd.
4. fertilising ridging：Per topdressing within 20-30 days once, company applies 3-4 times neat after seedling, every time per 15 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizers,
The potato phase is attacked in heavy dressing when 110-130 days after plantation start to be transferred to the tuber growth phase, after the rain or after pouring water, mu apply 20-30 kilograms it is multiple
100 kilograms of Hefei, 25 kilograms of peanut press pulp or biological organic fertilizer, while being earthed up, are covered in the soil layer on shallow raw groove during ridging
Thickness is 10-15 centimetres.
5. water management：In time drip irrigation being carried out in the 9-11 months or microspray irrigation watering, Chinese yam stops pouring for 8-12 days before harvesting
Water.
G, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In Chinese yam growth period, according to actual conditions, with 800-1000 times of liquid of 1.8% AVM and
20% meter of full suspending agent, 1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treating prodenia lituras, with 15% phonetic 1000 times of liquid of bacterium fat milk, 10% generation wettable powder high
A kind of spraying therein of 1500 times of liquid of agent, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid prevents and treats anthracnose.
H, harvesting：Start harvesting when December early and middle ten dayses are when the leaf abscission of the Chinese yam aerial stem of plant 3/4ths, during harvesting
After shallow soil layer is somewhat opened, so that it may easily take out whole piece Chinese yam stem tuber, shallow raw groove is remained in after Chinese yam stem tuber takes out
In furrow, rejoin soft filler after tedding for a period of time and cover soil, can continue when favorable season in plantation, 2-3
Shallow raw groove can be changed without whole furrow again.
Further improved as ground of the invention, belt leather kind stem tuber and bulbil otch after sterilization of being soaked seed in the step C
Dip in lime or plant ash again, and carry out basking seeds 1-3 days respectively by head, centre, afterbody, degree of basking seeds be potato kind fritter wound to
Interior atrophy, and split from the middle of section.
Further improved as ground of the invention, the special shallow raw groove in the step D is semicircle sleeve pipe.
Further improved as ground of the invention, the soft filler in the step D is flour sand or the wooden chaff that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mushroom residue,
Bagasse, the dregs of a decoction, husk.
Further improved as ground of the invention, hedge bamboo built is inserted in the step F using enterprise row's formula hedge frame or across ditch people
Cabinet frame, across ditch well cabinet frame, frame.
The wild Huai Shan of High aititude of the invention orients intensified culturing by artificial collection kind and using shallow raw groove, has
Seedling is neat, growing way is prosperous, anti-victim is good, yield is high, best in quality, low cost advantage, is adapted to extensive cultivation transplanting, reaches
Protect and cultivate the purpose of the wild bosom mountain kind of popularization and application, it is to avoid high-quality wild bosom mountain variety source faces asking for exhaustion
Topic, promotes the development of countryside characteristic industry.
Specific embodiment
For technical scheme is expanded on further, illustrated with specific embodiment of the invention below.
The cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude of the present invention comprises the following steps：
The wild bosom mountain strain nursery seed selection of A, High aititude：2011 we from height above sea level 300-1500 meters of place by 125 wild Huai Shan
Individual plant gathers out, is planted after the wild bosom mountain individual plant numbering that then all will be collected on height above sea level 400-700 meters of soil,
Cultivated using modeling groove orientation intensified culturing technology, made kind to carry out strain nursery seed selection using stem and bulbil is cultivated, and according to
Speed of emergence, Phase ofsprouting, growth potential, disease resistance, plant height, stem tuber are thick and length, individual plant stem tuber weight and stem tuber are included
Carbohydrate and other 10 kinds of internal substance contents are oriented strain nursery seed selection.
The wild bosom mountain breed breeding of B, High aititude：2012, selected out from the wild bosom mountain strain nursery of the High aititude of step A
Seedling is neat, growth potential is prosperous, disease resistance is strong, the edible elite plant strain garden that stem tuber is thick and long, yield per unit area is high, best in quality,
2013-2014, bulbil and stem tuber are made to plant in the strain nursery that 2012 are elected carries out expanding numerous, is further oriented
Seed selection, you can obtain the wild bosom mountain kind of High aititude of proterties stabilization.
The wild bosom sweet potato kind treatment of C, High aititude, vernalization：
1. potato kind treatment：Feature, no disease and pests harm, the fully aging wild bosom mountain kind block of High aititude that step B is obtained
Stem and bulbil make potato kind, and Chinese yam kind stem tuber is cut into the belt leather kind stem tuber of 4-5 centimeter lengths long for 25-30 days before plantation, will be cut into
Belt leather kind stem tuber and bulbil sterilized 9-11 minutes with 58% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of immersion kinds, then take out and dry
After can directly carry out vernalization；In order to break the dormancy of potato kind with quickly stratification, the belt leather kind stem tuber and zero after seed soaking sterilization
Minor otch dips in lime or plant ash again, and carries out basking seeds 1-3 days respectively by head, centre, afterbody, and degree of basking seeds is that potato kind is small
The inside atrophy of block wound, and split from the middle of section.
2. vernalization：First indoors or 3-5 centimetres of the furrow face upper berth in field river sand, kind stem tuber, more than zero for the treatment of potato kind being obtained
Son is layered on river sand, and it is 8-12 centimetres to plant stem tuber, bulbil thickness, 3-5 centimetres of river sand or wet straw is then covered, such as low temperature
Or the insulation of Support cover Small plastic shed, Perishing prevention are answered when overcast and rainy；By 20-25 days, as the children that a variety of stem tubers of potato and bulbil grow
Can field planting when bud is long 3-5 centimetres.
D, site preparation, it is put into shallow raw groove and matrix, basal dressing：
1. site preparation：Wild Huai Shan is less demanding to soil for High aititude, and no matter sand, loam, clay, the soil layer depth can be applied
Plantation, but should select that soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage is planted, so it is more beneficial for High aititude wild
Raw Huai Shan growths.Furrow are started at the beginning of 3 months late Febuaries, solarization of first being deep ploughed to soil is white, is planted using single file, is risen by 1.8 meters of bracing wires
Furrow, finally make furrow high 1.4 meters 30-40 centimetres high wide, and by spacing in the rows, 18-20 centimetres is excavated wide about 7 centimetres, length with spud
120 centimetres of parallel oblique ditch, oblique ditch gradient is 10-30 degree, and upper end is deep 8-12 centimetres, and lower end is deep 25-30 centimetres, every mu
Dig the parallel oblique ditch of 1800-2000 bars.
2. shallow raw groove and matrix are put into：Parallel oblique ditch is put into the special shallow raw groove of suitable Chinese yam growth in time after excavating,
Special shallow raw groove used is semicircle sleeve pipe, and enough soft fillers are discharged in shallow raw groove, and soft filler is flour sand, become thoroughly decomposed wood
Chaff, mushroom residue, bagasse, the dregs of a decoction, husk it is therein one or more, then by every mu add by 200-300 kilograms of Chicken dung,
100 kilograms of biological organic fertilizer, 50 kilograms of matrix for mixing of calcium superphosphate are mixed thoroughly with soft filler, except shallow raw groove upper end 10-
15 centimetres of parts are not required to discharge that soft filler is outer, it is necessary to shallow its complementary space of raw groove is piled into soft filler, here soft filler
Amount has to put foot, because the normal elongation of how many pairs of stem tubers of soft filler, whether profile is straight important influence.
3. basal dressing：Topsoil is mainly distributed on using the absorption root of the Chinese yam of shallow raw groove directional cultivation, base manure is without deep placement.I
Be put into soft filler after, per it is per mu it is even spread fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung or 200-300 kilograms of pigeon dung makees base manure, base manure is applied to soil layer 5-15
Centimeters, then backfilled with earth, covers 5-10 cm layer of soil during backfilled with earth, and shallow raw groove upper end leaves sowing mark and prepares to plant
Plant, shallow raw groove two ends should not expose or low bottom of trench excessively.
E, shallow raw groove directional planting：
1. implantation time：Selection mid or late March to the fine day of April early and middle ten dayses is planted, and when temperature goes back up to more than 12 DEG C, ground temperature is steady
Sowed by when reaching more than 10 DEG C surely.
2. implantation methods：Using shallow raw groove directional planting, will be seeded into shallow raw groove with bud potato kind, band bud potato kind and shallow life
Groove is placed in parallel, and downwards, then bud and cut side up cover 5-10 centimetres to a variety of skins of potato with soil, and every plant is only stayed 1-2 during plantation
Individual healthy and strong young shoot, unnecessary young shoot is thoroughly extractd, and notes young shoot should not being broken during covering soil.
F, field management：
1. weeding：After plantation 1-2 days in soil moisture or after rain with 90% acetochlor ec, 350 times of liquid or 96% gold medal all your missible oil
2000 times of liquid are watered spraying, are sprayed on shallow raw groove lower end furrow face, furrow side and ditch, in growth period if any weeds, can with gram
Spraying is watered without 300 times of liquid of track to prevent and kill off, liquid can not be splashed on Chinese yam tendril during spraying, it is also possible to select artificial weeding.
2. covering with ground sheeting furrow face：After emerging and before built, covered with 1.5 meters of black mulch films wide after the rain or after drenching
Lid furrow face is simultaneously compressed.
3. built draws climing, training：After plantation 10-20 days, when height of seedling 18-22 cms, hedge bamboo built is inserted, it is conventional
Built mode has looks forward to row's formula hedge frame, across ditch man-like shelf, across ditch well cabinet frame or frame, in order that shelf is more consolidated, in frame more
Plus ventilation and penetrating light and it is easy to field to operate, we use across ditch well cabinet frame mode, and shallow raw groove can not be inserted in slotting hedge bamboo
On.Every plant of Chinese yam stayed into tendril 1 after built and draws tendril restocking, it is to avoid young tender tendril winds naturally causes to be difficult to extract side
It is climing.The 6-9 months, several young tender tendrils that potato kind is grown are extractd from base portion, the side grown between axil below 1.5 meters of the tendril of reservation
It is climing also to extract.
4. fertilising ridging：Per topdressing within 20-30 days once, company applies 3-4 times neat after seedling, every time per 15 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizers,
The potato phase is attacked in heavy dressing when 110-130 days after plantation start to be transferred to the tuber growth phase, after the rain or after pouring water, mu apply 20-30 kilograms it is multiple
100 kilograms of Hefei, 25 kilograms of peanut press pulp or biological organic fertilizer, while being earthed up, are covered in the soil layer on shallow raw groove during ridging
Thickness is 10-15 centimetres.
5. water management：Wild Huai Shan is more drought-enduring for High aititude, not tight to moisture requirement, and seedling stage and tuber growth initial stage are protecting
Hold ground moistening preferably, but stem tuber enters after growth animated period, should ensure that adequate water is uniformly supplied, and the 9-11 months are Huaihe River
Mountain stem tuber rapid elongation expanding stage, is important to keep ground moistening, and such as insufficient water sources is larger to yield effect, therefore in the 9-11 months
Drip irrigation in time is carried out to Chinese yam or microspray irrigation waters, Chinese yam harvests and stops within first 8-12 days watering, with sale or storage after profit harvesting
Hide.
G, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The pest and disease damage of Chinese yam mainly has prodenia litura and anthracnose.In Chinese yam growth period, according to reality
Border situation, is sprayed and is prevented and treated prodenia litura with 800-1000 times of liquid of 1.8% AVM and 20% meter of full 1000 times of liquid of suspending agent, is used
15% phonetic 1000 times of liquid of bacterium fat milk, 10% generation wettable powder high, 1500 times of liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid
One kind therein carries out spraying and prevents and treats anthracnose, and for prevention and elimination of disease and pests effect more, we select to arrive in summer and autumn rainwater
Preceding spraying pesticide thing.
H, harvesting：Start harvesting, picking time when December early and middle ten dayses are when the leaf abscission of the Chinese yam aerial stem of plant 3/4ths
Can continue until next year state by the end of March.We are selected in the harvesting of the fine day morning, shallow soil layer is somewhat opened during harvesting after, so that it may will be whole
Bar Chinese yam stem tuber easily takes out, and after drying transepidermal water on the spot after taking-up, classification packaging storing is carried out to stem tuber, during results, should
The breakage of stem tuber is reduced as far as possible, with light packs, light fortune, gently is unloaded, prevent stem tuber generation mechanical damage.
In order to reduce cultivation cost, during shallow raw groove remains in furrow after the taking-up of Chinese yam stem tuber, weight after a period of time is tedded
Newly add soft filler and cover soil, can continue that shallow life can be changed without whole furrow again in plantation, 2-3 when favorable season
Groove.And, the wild Huai Shan of High aititude is lower using the cost of shallow raw groove directional cultivation, and traditional zanjon implantation methods are for each person every day
0.03 mu 50-60 plants of Chinese yam can only be harvested, 0.3 mu 500-600 plants of Chinese yam can be now harvested for each person every day, every mu can save 25-
The daily labour of 30 people.
The wild Huai Shan of High aititude of the embodiment of the present invention orients intensified culturing by artificial collection kind and using shallow raw groove,
The 235-260 days time of infertility, vines are long 4.5-5.6 meters, thick 0.5-0.8 centimetres, and branch ability is medium, neat with emerging, raw
Growing way is strong, and anti-anthracnose high, stem rot, straight oval, full, the smooth, color of the leather of stem tuber are good, and stem tuber storage tolerance, commodity value is high,
Yield is high, the advantage of low cost.And the wild white yellow of bosom mountain skin of High aititude, meat white, mucus is extremely more, carbohydrate containing
12.8%, total protein content more than 12.5%, additionally, the also multiple beneficial element such as iron content, calcium, zinc, magnesium（It is specifically shown in such as following table）.
Table：The every 100 grams of nutrition contents of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude of embodiment of the present invention cultivation
| Nutrition title | Every 100 grams of contents | Nutrition title | Every 100 grams of contents | Nutrition title | Every 100 grams of contents |
| Heat | 56.5（Kilocalorie） | Potassium | 112（Milligram） | Phosphorus | 26.2（Milligram） |
| Nicotinic acid | 0.32（Milligram） | Thiamine | 0.03（Milligram） | Magnesium | 15（Milligram） |
| Carbohydrate | 12.8（Gram） | Calcium | 23（Milligram） | Vitamin C | 18（Microgram） |
| Sodium | 6.5（Milligram） | Protein | 1.56（Gram） | Riboflavin | 0.04（Milligram） |
| Iron | 0.65（Milligram） | Selenium | 0.26（Microgram） | Cellulose | 1.58（Gram） |
| Zinc | 0.38（Milligram） | Vitamin E | 1.36（Milligram） | Fat | 0.2（Gram） |
| Manganese | 0.12（Milligram） | Copper | 0.06（Milligram） |
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of a kind of High aititude, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The wild bosom mountain strain nursery seed selection of A, High aititude：Wild bosom mountain individual plant is gathered out by the place from height above sea level 300-1500 meters,
And will be planted on height above sea level 400-700 meters of soil after all wild bosom mountain individual plant numberings for collecting, it is strong using modeling groove orientation
Change cultivation technique to be cultivated, make kind to carry out strain nursery seed selection using stem and bulbil is cultivated, and according to speed of emergence, emerge it is whole
Qi Du, growth potential, disease resistance, plant height, stem tuber be thick and length, individual plant stem tuber weight and in stem tuber carbohydrate containing and other
10 kinds of internal substance contents are oriented strain nursery seed selection；
The wild bosom mountain breed breeding of B, High aititude：Neat, growth of emerging is selected from the wild bosom mountain strain nursery of the High aititude of step A
Gesture is prosperous, disease resistance is strong, edible stem tuber is thick and long, yield per unit area is high, best in quality elite plant strain garden, and will elect
Bulbil and stem tuber are made to plant in strain nursery carries out expanding numerous, carries out further directive breeding, you can obtain the height sea of proterties stabilization
Pull out wild bosom mountain kind；
The wild bosom sweet potato kind treatment of C, High aititude, vernalization：
1. potato kind treatment：Feature, no disease and pests harm, the fully aging wild bosom mountain kind block of High aititude that step B is obtained
Stem and bulbil make potato kind, and Chinese yam kind stem tuber is cut into the belt leather kind stem tuber of 4-5 centimeter lengths long for 25-30 days before plantation, will be cut into
Belt leather kind stem tuber and bulbil sterilized 9-11 minutes with 58% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of immersion kinds, then take out and dry
After can directly carry out vernalization；
2. vernalization：First indoors or 3-5 centimetres of the furrow face upper berth in field river sand, kind stem tuber, the bulbil paving for the treatment of potato kind being obtained
On river sand, it is 8-12 centimetres to plant stem tuber, bulbil thickness, then covers 3-5 centimetres of river sand or wet straw, by 20-25 days,
It is colonized by when the young shoot that a variety of stem tubers of potato and bulbil grow is long 3-5 centimetres；
D, site preparation, it is put into shallow raw groove and matrix, basal dressing：
1. site preparation：Selection soil property is fertile, soil layer is deep, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage is planted, and March late Febuary is from the beginning of furrow, soil
Earth first deep ploughs solarization in vain, is planted using single file, and furrow are played by 1.8 meters of bracing wires, finally makes furrow high 1.4 meters 30-40 centimetres high wide, presses
18-20 centimetres of spacing in the rows excavates parallel oblique ditch wide about 7 centimetres, long 120 centimetres with spud, and oblique ditch gradient is 10-30
Degree, upper end is deep 8-12 centimetres, and lower end is deep 25-30 centimetres, every mu of digging parallel oblique ditch of 1800-2000 bars；
2. shallow raw groove and matrix are put into：Parallel oblique ditch is put into the special shallow raw groove of suitable Chinese yam growth, shallow life in time after excavating
Enough soft fillers are discharged in groove, then is added by 200-300 kilograms of Chicken dung, 100 kilograms of biological organic fertilizer, mistake by every mu
50 kilograms of matrix for mixing of calcium phosphate are mixed thoroughly with soft filler, except shallow raw 10-15 centimetres of part in groove upper end is not required to discharge pine
Soft packing is outer, it is necessary to shallow its complementary space of raw groove is piled into soft filler；
3. basal dressing：After being put into soft filler, even Chicken dung is spread fertilizer over the fields or 200-300 kilograms of pigeon dung makees base manure, base manure per per mu
Soil layer 5-15 centimeters are applied to, then backfilled with earth, 5-10 cm layer of soil is covered during backfilled with earth, shallow raw groove upper end leaves sowing
Mark prepares plantation, and shallow raw groove two ends should not expose or low bottom of trench excessively；
E, shallow raw groove directional planting：
1. implantation time：Selection mid or late March to the fine day of April early and middle ten dayses is planted, and when temperature goes back up to more than 12 DEG C, ground temperature is steady
Sowed by when reaching more than 10 DEG C surely；
2. implantation methods：Using shallow raw groove directional planting, will be seeded into shallow raw groove with bud potato kind, band bud potato kind is flat with shallow raw groove
Row is placed, and downwards, then bud and cut side up cover 5-10 centimetres to a variety of skins of potato with soil, during plantation every plant only stay 1-2 it is strong
Strong young shoot, unnecessary young shoot is thoroughly extractd；
F, field management：
1. weeding：After plantation 1-2 days in soil moisture or after rain with 90% acetochlor ec, 350 times of liquid or 96% gold medal all your missible oil
2000 times of liquid are watered spraying, are sprayed on shallow raw groove lower end furrow face, furrow side and ditch, in growth period if any weeds, can with gram
Spraying is watered without 300 times of liquid of track to prevent and kill off, liquid can not be splashed on Chinese yam tendril during spraying；
2. covering with ground sheeting furrow face：After emerging and before built, the black film mulching furrow after the rain or after drenching with 1.5 meters wide
Face simultaneously compresses；
3. built draws climing, training：After plantation 10-20 days, when height of seedling 18-22 cms, hedge bamboo built is inserted, every plant of Chinese yam is stayed
Tendril 1 simultaneously draws tendril restocking, the 6-9 months, and several young tender tendrils that potato kind is grown are extractd from base portion, 1.5 meters of the tendril of reservation
The lateral bine grown between following axil will also be extractd；
4. fertilising ridging：Per topdressing within 20-30 days once, company applies 3-4 times neat after seedling, every time per 15 kilograms of Mu Shi composite fertilizers, plantation
The potato phase is attacked in heavy dressing when starting within 110-130 days to be transferred to the tuber growth phase afterwards, after the rain or after pouring water, mu apply 20-30 kilograms of composite fertilizer,
100 kilograms of 25 kilograms of peanut press pulp or biological organic fertilizer, while being earthed up, the soil thickness being covered in during ridging on shallow raw groove is
10-15 centimetres；
5. water management：In time drip irrigation being carried out in the 9-11 months or microspray irrigation watering, Chinese yam stops watering for 8-12 days before harvesting；
G, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In Chinese yam growth period, according to actual conditions, with 800-1000 times of liquid of 1.8% AVM and 20%
1000 times of liquid spraying preventing and treating prodenia lituras of the full suspending agent of rice, with 15% phonetic 1000 times of liquid of bacterium fat milk, 10% generation wettable powder high
1500 times of liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid spraying one kind therein prevent and treat anthracnose；
H, harvesting：Start harvesting when December early and middle ten dayses are when the leaf abscission of the Chinese yam aerial stem of plant 3/4ths, shallow during harvesting
After soil layer is somewhat opened, so that it may easily take out whole piece Chinese yam stem tuber, Chinese yam stem tuber take out after during shallow raw groove remains in furrow,
Rejoin soft filler and cover soil after tedding a period of time, can continue plantation when favorable season, 2-3 is interior can be without
Again whole furrow change shallow raw groove.
2. the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Soaked seed in the step C
Belt leather kind stem tuber and bulbil otch after sterilization dip in lime or plant ash again, and are basked seeds respectively by head, centre, afterbody
1-3 days, degree of basking seeds was the potato kind inside atrophy of fritter wound, and is split from the middle of section.
3. the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Spy in the step D
It is semicircle sleeve pipe to make shallow raw groove.
4. the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pine in the step D
Soft packing be flour sand, become thoroughly decomposed wooden chaff, mushroom residue, bagasse, the dregs of a decoction, husk it is therein one or more.
5. the cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Hedge is inserted in the step F
Bamboo built is using enterprise row's formula hedge frame or across ditch man-like shelf, across ditch well cabinet frame, frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611195009.8A CN106717942A (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611195009.8A CN106717942A (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106717942A true CN106717942A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Family
ID=58899223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611195009.8A Pending CN106717942A (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106717942A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107736208A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-27 | 保山市经济作物技术推广工作站 | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation method of Chinese yam |
| CN107980519A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of mountainous region Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN108055992A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN109105189A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-01 | 榆林市农业科学研究院 | A kind of yam planting method of wind sand grass shoal area |
| CN112913614A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-08 | 宝兴县齐海蒙农业有限公司 | High-altitude organic Chinese yam cultivation method |
| CN114303709A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国农业大学 | Shallow-growing drip irrigation Chinese yam attachment device and cultivation method |
-
2016
- 2016-12-22 CN CN201611195009.8A patent/CN106717942A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张永清等: "《药用植物栽培学 供中药资源与开发及相关专业用》", 28 February 2013, 中国医药出版社 * |
| 陈柯芳等: "淮山药定向栽培技术推广应用", 《安徽农学通报》 * |
| 黄训有、汤森龙: "斜纹夜蛾、蛴螬、蚜虫、红蜘蛛、金龟", 《江西农业》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107736208A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-27 | 保山市经济作物技术推广工作站 | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation method of Chinese yam |
| CN107980519A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of mountainous region Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN108055992A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN109105189A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-01 | 榆林市农业科学研究院 | A kind of yam planting method of wind sand grass shoal area |
| CN112913614A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-08 | 宝兴县齐海蒙农业有限公司 | High-altitude organic Chinese yam cultivation method |
| CN114303709A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国农业大学 | Shallow-growing drip irrigation Chinese yam attachment device and cultivation method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105145253B (en) | The implantation methods of organic passion fruit | |
| CN106233996B (en) | Organic crop rotation cultivation method for early-maturing peppers, rice and water chestnuts | |
| CN105494005A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for seedling planting of camellia oleifera | |
| CN106717942A (en) | A kind of cultural method of the wild Huai Shan of High aititude | |
| CN102067773A (en) | Yam planting method | |
| CN104255373A (en) | Navel orange planting method | |
| CN107736208A (en) | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation method of Chinese yam | |
| CN105230319A (en) | High-yield planting method for pumpkins | |
| CN105103865A (en) | Rhizoma corydalis planting method | |
| CN107251725A (en) | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation new technology of Chinese yam | |
| CN105309152A (en) | High-yield eggplant planting method | |
| CN101755583A (en) | Anti-season culture technology and method of organic watermelons | |
| CN105557418A (en) | Tea-oil tree dwarfing close-planting high-yield afforestation planting method | |
| CN104956981A (en) | Cultivating method for big fruit hawthorn trees on self-conservation stony desertification land | |
| CN106561455A (en) | Konjak interplanting method | |
| CN104871913A (en) | Cultivation method of big fruit hawthorn in Karst rock-desertification areas | |
| CN107337564A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of navel orange | |
| CN106332623A (en) | Ginseng planting method | |
| CN107980500A (en) | A kind of cultural method made between corn and capsicum | |
| CN107484615A (en) | A kind of sweet orange implantation methods | |
| CN105052652B (en) | A kind of pomegranate tree and the Hilly arid land cultural method of wild leek and application | |
| CN106258420B (en) | Organic cultivation method for paddy-upland rotation of summer and autumn peppers | |
| CN105794485B (en) | Broad bean-Green maize-tender tea leaves lotus-sponge gourd-pimento diversification cropping pattern in a kind of greenhouse | |
| CN105027888A (en) | Planting method of decaisne fargesii | |
| CN106258423A (en) | Fructus Solani melongenae, Oryza sativa L., Semen Viciae fabae, Corm Eleocharitis crop rotation organic cultivation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170531 |