CN105532353A - High-yield planting method of kiwi fruit - Google Patents
High-yield planting method of kiwi fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105532353A CN105532353A CN201510996758.XA CN201510996758A CN105532353A CN 105532353 A CN105532353 A CN 105532353A CN 201510996758 A CN201510996758 A CN 201510996758A CN 105532353 A CN105532353 A CN 105532353A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit tree planting method, particularly relates to a high-yield planting method of kiwi fruit, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree planting. The main technology comprises seedling, garden plot construction, a planting method and a field management method. By means of the high-yield planting method of the kiwi fruit, the average yield per mu reaches 1,600 kg or above, and compared with the general amount of 1,000-1,500 kg per mu, the yield per mu is increased by 20% on average.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a planting fruit-trees, specifically a kind of high-yield planting method of kiwi fruit.Belong to planting fruit trees technical field.
Background technology
Kiwi fruit is rich in multivitamin and nutritive element, and the fertile juice of kiwifruit fruit meat is many, and delicate fragrance is delicious, and sour-sweet pleasant, storage tolerance, is described as " king of fruit "; Therefore, very popular.There is higher economic worth and cultivating value.
Actinidia is in Actinidiaceae, and be a kind of fallen leaves tendril fruit tree, belong to heliophilous species, resistance to half the moon, likes shady and cool moist environment, is afraid of drought, flood, wind.Be suitable for having a moderate climate, rainfall is abundant, and fertile soil, vegetation is luxuriant, and good, the moistening medium humus soil of draining, sand loam, plant in the place of the subacidity soil of pH value 5.5-7.The Xu-Huai area four seasons temperature difference is comparatively large, climate arid, thus kiwi fruit to plant output always not high.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high-yield planting method of kiwi fruit, mainly solve Xu-Huai area plantation kiwi fruit and how to improve output, improve quality problem.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: a kind of high-yield planting method of kiwi fruit, comprises nursery, build garden, planting measure, the extermination of disease and insect pest etc.; Specific as follows:
One, nursery
1. rootstock seedling is cultivated
The acquisition and processing of seed: in September-October early and middle ten days gather well-done fruit, after after-ripening deliquescing, seed is extruded, seed is separated with pulp, then repeatedly eluriate with clear water, the seed cleaned is placed on indoor and spreads out and dry in the shade;
By seed 40-50 DEG C of emerge in worm water 2 hours, then soak 24 hours with cold water, then huskyly hide sowing in 50-60 days, be afraid of in the process of husky Tibetan to be dryly afraid of wet, diligent and check, duty stirs, prevent from going mouldy;
Sowing time: mid-April is sowed, type of seeding: nursery is selected in the deep fertile place good with irrigation condition of soil layer; Nursery lot does railway carriage or compartment wholely, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and remove foreign material, railway carriage or compartment is wide about 1.2 meters, is suppressed a little in seedbed, waters permeable, and the seed belt sand that sand is hidden is sowed, and strengthens seedbed management, guarantees to cultivate healthy and strong rootstock seedling;
2. grafting is cultivated
Grafting period: sprouting is advisable for first about 20 days is that mid-February is to late March, grafting method mainly takes simple bud cut-grafting method, it is specifically: choosing growth is enriched, the scion that marrow is less, the branch section of a clip band bud, long 3-4 centimetre, straight one side is selected to prune cortex, bevel long 2-3 centimetre is advisable, the degree of depth is to expose xylem or to be slightly with xylem to be advisable, the reverse side of bevel is cut the short bevel of about 50 degree, anvil is cut apart from ground 10-15 centimeters at stock, even surface is selected to cut a cutter downwards, bevel length is slightly longer than scion bevel, the degree of depth is the same with scion, stock is peeled 2/3, then insert scion, require that scion size and stock are substantially identical, notice that anvil fringe forms layer and aims at, then use plastics grafting film bundling, expose scion eye, 3, the management of grafting: in 3-4 week after grafting, budder to start to take out and send out, until newly slightly grow substantially aging after can remove binding film, after surviving spring, side grafting in autumn seedling, will cut anvil immediately, clip is about from 4 centimetres, interface, budder summer after surviving, after can first rolling over anvil, cut anvil, the rudiment of erasing in time on stock survives the key of taking out slightly, nursery lot wants frequent intertill and clean tillage, after the tip is taken out in sprouting of buddering, pillar need be set up on side of buddering, and young sprout is tied up protect on pillar, in conjunction with pouring water, can nitrogen fertilizer application, be affixed by superphosphate in right amount when July applies fertilizer, short seedling branch is aging, and eye is full,
Two, build garden and plant
1, field is selected
Kiwi fruit root system carnification, fragile especially, be both afraid of accumulated water, and be afraid of high temperature and drought again, young sprout had both been afraid of that high wind fractureed, and was afraid of cold in the late spring or low temperature freezing-disaster again; Be suitable for selecting that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, quality loose, illumination is sufficient, by water source, draining is good, humidity 70%-80% area, and garden is built in the place had a good transport service, and configures irrigation and drainage facility, ensure rainy season not by stain, dry season can irrigate in time;
2, plant
2.1, improve the soil before planting: (1) prepares fertilizer by every mu of 3000 kilograms of stalks and 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures and 1000 kilograms of superphosphate, (2) the preparation fertilizer of fermentation is evenly sprinkling upon ground ploughs deeply entirely and improves the soil, (3) railway carriage or compartment opened by 6-8 rice, carry out railway carriage or compartment ditch, ditch depth 70 centimetres, wide 40 centimetres, (4) every 2 railway carriage or compartments are opened a main drain and are carried out gutter back of the body ditch, its ditch depth 80-100 centimetre, money 60 centimetres;
2.2. seedling is planted
Plant the time October to next year by the end of February, plant based on seedling, grafting is auxiliary, and nursery stock will select anosis without worm, the seedling that robust growth, well developed root system are complete;
2.3. built
Main built mode: T-shaped frame, hedge frame, tripod, greenhouse frame etc.Frame height 1.6-1.8 rice;
Three, kiwi fruit Planting management
1. topdress and water
The output reached according to Kiwifruit Cultivars, plan and soil fertility determine fertilizing amount.Before plantation, in the groove of hole, every strain once can apply the fertile 2.5kg of fruit tree, and apply fertilizer 3 times every year thereafter, base manure 1 time, topdresses 2 times; Base manure applies after fruit harvesting, and apply before the growth most productive period for the 2nd time, dry season must pour water after fertilising, and water generally after the beginning of spring 15 days time of executing, fertilizer is based on quick-acting;
2. pruning and fruit thinning
Kiwi fruit repair before point winter cuts, the summer cuts and prune with staminiferous plant.Winter cuts and carries out to first 1 month of rudiment in early spring period after fallen leaves, to prune off, and appropriate cutting back.Stay main climing and bearing basal shoot more, cut off overstocked bough, thin and delicate branch, intersection branch and sick branch; Summer cuts and carries out except sprouting in early June to early July, pinching, to prune off and bondage, erases the rudiment on trunk, arranges complicated and confused space; Staminiferous plant carries out after pruning and spending, and 3-4 branch is stayed in every strain, and every bar branch stays bud 4-6, the pinching when long 1 meter of young sprout; Fruit thinning carries out for 28 days after spending, and stays middle fruit, and dredge limit fruit, every 4-5 sheet leaf stays 1 fruit; Every 20 centimetres of general branch stays fruit 1-2, and weak branch 20-25 centimetre stays fruit 5-6;
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt and put prevention first, the method control that medicine and bagging combine.
Canker is prevented and treated: it is very strong that Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker propagates appeal, and harmfulness is large especially, will become destructive disease once infected; Prevention and controls: comprehensive pruning sprays once sterilizing agent behind clear garden, and the season of growth selects the medicine with sterilization to spray; Blossom rot is prevented and treated: this disease belongs to bacterial disease, and main harm flower, started to contaminate bud in mid-March, made to spend rotten, carry out chemical control; Applied perfume is prevented and treated: this worm main harm young fruit pericarp, and at early or mid March along with kiwi fruit sprouting sprouts, the seedling that survives the winter comes out of hibernation and becomes adult and to come into play egg reproduction; Adult and the control of spraying 80% dichlorvos are killed in available temptation; Root knot nematode control: be evenly sprinkling upon in garden on ground at early or mid March mu insecticide, then plough shallowly, accomplishes not hinder root; Shield coccid is prevented and treated: the first tenday period of a month in late April to May prevent and treat best period, and every generation nymph started to spray medicine at the hatching initial stage, every spray in 5 days once, and continuous spraying 3 times; Black spot main harm blade and fruit, cause blade early fallout to cause second branch, cause fruit to lose commodity value, serious park 5-8 month monthly spray medicine once in harm;
Bagging is prevented and treated: the diseases prevention of bagging energy, insect protected, reduces spraying pesticide and avoids fruit face remains of pesticide; Bagging time is advisable with 15-20 after blossom fall days; The yellow paper bag of sack individual layer, must spray a medicine before bagging;
The pre-preventing disease and pest in clear garden in autumn: April carries out, after pruning, will prune lower various branches and tendrils and residue fallen leaves on the ground in garden, weeds are concentrated burns together.
Four, gather: the maturity when shelf-life of kiwi fruit and quality are gathered in the crops by it affects very large; Kiwifruit fruit is gathered too early or is crossed quality and the local flavor that all can affect fruit late, and must by the quality responses phase could fully maturation, the Best Times of gathering is, as fruit soluble solids content 6%-7% for gathering the wedding day, needs the fruit of long term storage then to require to reach 7%-10%; Plucking time is not with when the morning, 10 front temperature raised; Carry out packaging warehouse-in with adopting with classification, the fruit after just adopting is hard, puckery, and having to pass through 7-10 days Ripening and softening can sell.
Plant kiwi fruit with said method, average yield per mu reaches more than 1600 kilograms, the average raising 20% than general mu amount 1000-1500 kilogram.
Embodiment
Kind: Chinese gooseberry
Nursery is nursery as stated above.
One, build garden: kiwi fruit root system carnification, fragile especially, be both afraid of accumulated water, and be afraid of high temperature and drought again, young sprout had both been afraid of that high wind fractureed, and was afraid of cold in the late spring or low temperature freezing-disaster again; Selection soil layer is deep, fertile soil, quality loose, illumination is sufficient, by water source, draining is good, and humidity keeps 70% area substantially, and garden is built in the place had a good transport service, and is configured with irrigation and drainage facility, and ensure rainy season not by stain, dry season can irrigate in time.
2, plant
2.1, local genus nonirrigated farmland, improving the soil before planting: (1) prepares fertilizer by every mu of 3000 kilograms of stalks and 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures and 1000 kilograms of superphosphate, (2) the preparation fertilizer of fermentation is evenly sprinkling upon ground ploughs deeply entirely and improves the soil, (3) railway carriage or compartment opened by 6-8 rice, carries out railway carriage or compartment ditch, ditch depth 70 centimetres, wide 40 centimetres, (4) every 2 railway carriage or compartments are opened a main drain and are carried out gutter back of the body ditch, its ditch depth 80-100 centimetre, money 60 centimetres.
2.2. seedling is planted
Plant the time October to next year by the end of February, based on seedling, grafting is auxiliary, and nursery stock selects anosis without worm, the seedling that robust growth, well developed root system are complete; Spacing in the rows presses 2.2 meters, line-spacing 3 meters; Plant grafting nursery stock time to remove the lashings of transferring interface.Strain is female: hero=10:1 collocation.Field planting point directly digs cave and does mound, heap must higher than 10 centimetres, face, railway carriage or compartment.Root system will be separated uniform spreading on mound when planting, root system inclines directly, and after root system is put well, fine earth tamps.Fill with sufficient normal root water after field planting, treat water slightly dry lid layer again fine earth and manage a diameter 1 meter plant dish.Plant autumn and winter and to cover with plastic film, spring straw or turf cover.
2.3. built
The main built mode adopted of kiwi fruit plantation adopts: greenhouse frame.Frame is high 1.7 meters.
Three, kiwi fruit Planting management
1. topdress and water: the output reached according to Kiwifruit Cultivars, plan and soil fertility determine fertilizing amount.Before plantation, in the groove of hole, every strain once applies the fertile 2.5kg of fruit tree, and children phase tree adopts a small amount of repeatedly fertilization method.Thereafter apply fertilizer 3 times every year, base manure 1 time, topdresses 2 times.Base manure applies after fruit harvesting, every strain organic fertilizer 20kg, and mixing applies 1.5kg phosphate fertilizer.Topdress for 1st time and to apply after rudiment, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 2kg is executed in every strain, with the substantial spring tip and bearing-age tree; Composite fertilizer is applied 2nd time before the growth most productive period.Root because of kiwi fruit is fleshy root, from root, digging shallow ridges applies chemical fertilizer and grave mound, in order to avoid cause burning root slightly at a distance.Dry season pours water after fertilising.Water generally after the beginning of spring 10 days time of executing.Fertilizer is based on quick-acting, and general ratio N P and K is 4:2:1, adopts and is watered pouring.
2. pruning and fruit thinning
Carry out the winter to rudiment in early spring in first 1 month after fallen leaves to cut, stay main climing and bearing basal shoot more, cut off overstocked bough, thin and delicate branch and sick branch.Mid-May to early July carries out the summer and cuts, and erases the rudiment on trunk in time, arranges complicated and confused space; Carry out staminiferous plant pruning after spending, 3-4 branch is stayed in every strain, and every bar branch stays bud 4-6, the pinching when long 1 meter of young sprout.Spend latter 1 month and enter ground fruit thinning, stay middle fruit, dredge limit fruit, reach every 4-5 sheet leaf and stay 1 fruit.Every 18 centimetres of general branch stays fruit 1-2, and 20 centimetres, weak branch stays fruit 5-6.
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest
Canker is prevented and treated: it is very strong that Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker propagates appeal, and harmfulness is large especially, once infected meeting becomes destructive disease.Late Febuary to early March is onset peak, and along with temperature raises, the state of an illness weakens gradually, and state of an illness revolution mid-September, spring is particularly important.Site of pathological change is many from weak limb bastem, hole skin, fallen leaves trace, branch crotch starts harm, can be there is water stain symptom through 3-5 days after invading in cause of disease, and to produce white bacterium dense under optimum conditions, and germ is propagated by wind, rain, insect, farm implements and farming operation.Prevention and controls: put prevention first, the policy of integrated control, the lime sulfur of a spray Baume 3-5 degree behind the clear garden of comprehensive pruning.The season of growth selects the medicine with sterilization to spray, and the medicament of employing has agricultural 500 times of streptomycins, 50% auspicious agriculture 400 times, carries out friendship spray and uses, spray once respectively from early Febuary and late August, mid-September every 7 days, continuously spraying 3-4 time.Substantially occur without canker.
Blossom rot is prevented and treated: this disease belongs to bacterial disease, main harm flower.Start to contaminate bud in mid-March, carry out harm of hiding, the florescence just shows obvious symptom, makes to spend rotten.Adopt agricultural streptomycin 500 times, continuous spraying 2 times.
Applied perfume is prevented and treated: this worm main harm young fruit pericarp, and at early or mid March along with kiwi fruit sprouting sprouts, the seedling that survives the winter comes out of hibernation and becomes adult and to come into play egg reproduction.Prevention and controls: 1000 times, 80% dichlorvos of spraying the last ten-days period in March.
Root knot nematode control: root-knot nematode main harm root system, causes tree body weak, at early or mid March every mu land used worm gram 500 grams and 10 kilograms of abundant mixs of thin sand and soil, is evenly sprinkling upon in garden on ground, then ploughs shallowly.
Pseudaulacaspis pentagona shell worm prevents and treats: mulberry shield scale insect main harm limb, fruit, causes tree body weak, and seriously debase the standard fruit rate.The first tenday period of a month in May prevent and treat best period, and nymph, at the happy a red-spotted lizard pine of hatching initial stage spray medicine 1000 times of liquid, was sprayed once every 7 days, continuous spraying 2 times.
Black spot main harm blade and fruit, cause blade early fallout to cause second branch, cause fruit to lose commodity value, prevention and controls: serious park 5-7 month monthly spray medicine once in harm.
Additionally use bagging and clear garden diseases prevention in autumn worm in addition: bagging is diseases prevention, insect protected, burn mill day, avoid various scar to be formed, reduce spraying pesticide and avoid really face remains of pesticide.Fruit rind bright in color after bagging, yellow in Lu, without any scar.Bagging time is advisable with 15-20 after blossom fall days.Sack single-layer paper bag, at the bottom of bag, two jiaos have air-vent and leaking hole, must spray a medicine before bagging.Clear garden diseases prevention in autumn worm is after branch is pruned, and the various branches and tendrils under pruning in garden and on the ground residue fallen leaves, weeds are concentrated and burn together.
Through above-mentioned measure, substantially occur without damage by disease and insect.
Five, receipts are sold in good time
The maturity when shelf-life of kiwi fruit and quality are gathered in the crops by it affects very large.Kiwifruit fruit is gathered too early or is crossed quality and the local flavor that all can affect fruit late, and must could abundant maturation by the quality responses phase.According to fruit development period, be Harvesting Date as fruit soluble solids content 6%-7%, need the fruit of long term storage then to require to reach 7%-10%.Gather and should carry out at calm fine day, after rainy day, rain and dew all should not gather in not dry morning.Plucking time is good with the morning when 10 front temperature do not raise.When gathering, gently to adopting, put down gently, Handle With Care, avoid damaging, piling pressure, preferably carrying out packaging warehouse-in with adopting with classification.Be used for containing the container bottom such as case, basket of peach to apply soft village material and make liner, gently adopt and put down gently, base of fruit, galling pericarp can not be pulled.Fruit after just adopting is hard, puckery, and having to pass through 10 days Ripening and softening can eat.
The kiwi fruit of said method plantation, quality better, average yield per mu 1600 kilograms.
Claims (1)
1. a high-yield planting method for kiwi fruit, comprises nursery, builds garden, planting measure, the extermination of disease and insect pest etc.; Specific as follows:
One, nursery
1. rootstock seedling is cultivated
The acquisition and processing of seed: in September-October early and middle ten days gather well-done fruit, after after-ripening deliquescing, seed is extruded, seed is separated with pulp, then repeatedly eluriate with clear water, the seed cleaned is placed on indoor and spreads out and dry in the shade;
By seed 40-50 DEG C of emerge in worm water 2 hours, then soak 24 hours with cold water, then huskyly hide sowing in 50-60 days, be afraid of in the process of husky Tibetan to be dryly afraid of wet, diligent and check, duty stirs, prevent from going mouldy;
Sowing time: mid-April is sowed, type of seeding: nursery is selected in the deep fertile place good with irrigation condition of soil layer; Nursery lot does railway carriage or compartment wholely, uses sufficient base fertilizer, and remove foreign material, railway carriage or compartment is wide about 1.2 meters, is suppressed a little in seedbed, waters permeable, and the seed belt sand that sand is hidden is sowed, and strengthens seedbed management, guarantees to cultivate healthy and strong rootstock seedling;
2. grafting is cultivated
Grafting period: sprouting is advisable for first about 20 days is that mid-February is to late March, grafting method mainly takes simple bud cut-grafting method, it is specifically: choosing growth is enriched, the scion that marrow is less, the branch section of a clip band bud, long 3-4 centimetre, straight one side is selected to prune cortex, bevel long 2-3 centimetre is advisable, the degree of depth is to expose xylem or to be slightly with xylem to be advisable, the reverse side of bevel is cut the short bevel of about 50 degree, anvil is cut apart from ground 10-15 centimeters at stock, even surface is selected to cut a cutter downwards, bevel length is slightly longer than scion bevel, the degree of depth is the same with scion, stock is peeled 2/3, then insert scion, require that scion size and stock are substantially identical, notice that anvil fringe forms layer and aims at, then use plastics grafting film bundling, expose scion eye, 3, the management of grafting: in 3-4 week after grafting, budder to start to take out and send out, until newly slightly grow substantially aging after can remove binding film, after surviving spring, side grafting in autumn seedling, will cut anvil immediately, clip is about from 4 centimetres, interface, budder summer after surviving, after can first rolling over anvil, cut anvil, the rudiment of erasing in time on stock survives the key of taking out slightly, nursery lot wants frequent intertill and clean tillage, after the tip is taken out in sprouting of buddering, pillar need be set up on side of buddering, and young sprout is tied up protect on pillar, in conjunction with pouring water, can nitrogen fertilizer application, be affixed by superphosphate in right amount when July applies fertilizer, short seedling branch is aging, and eye is full,
Two, build garden and plant
1, field is selected
Kiwi fruit root system carnification, fragile especially, be both afraid of accumulated water, and be afraid of high temperature and drought again, young sprout had both been afraid of that high wind fractureed, and was afraid of cold in the late spring or low temperature freezing-disaster again; Be suitable for selecting that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, quality loose, illumination is sufficient, by water source, draining is good, humidity 70%-80% area, and garden is built in the place had a good transport service, and configures irrigation and drainage facility, ensure rainy season not by stain, dry season can irrigate in time;
2, plant
2.1, improve the soil before planting: (1) prepares fertilizer by every mu of 3000 kilograms of stalks and 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures and 1000 kilograms of superphosphate, (2) the preparation fertilizer of fermentation is evenly sprinkling upon ground ploughs deeply entirely and improves the soil, (3) railway carriage or compartment opened by 6-8 rice, carry out railway carriage or compartment ditch, ditch depth 70 centimetres, wide 40 centimetres, (4) every 2 railway carriage or compartments are opened a main drain and are carried out gutter back of the body ditch, its ditch depth 80-100 centimetre, money 60 centimetres;
2.2. seedling is planted
Plant the time October to next year by the end of February, plant based on seedling, grafting is auxiliary, and nursery stock will select anosis without worm, the seedling that robust growth, well developed root system are complete;
2.3. built
Main built mode: T-shaped frame, hedge frame, tripod, greenhouse frame etc.Frame height 1.6-1.8 rice;
Three, kiwi fruit Planting management
1. topdress and water
The output reached according to Kiwifruit Cultivars, plan and soil fertility determine fertilizing amount.Before plantation, in the groove of hole, every strain once can apply the fertile 2.5kg of fruit tree, and apply fertilizer 3 times every year thereafter, base manure 1 time, topdresses 2 times; Base manure applies after fruit harvesting, and apply before the growth most productive period for the 2nd time, dry season must pour water after fertilising, and water generally after the beginning of spring 15 days time of executing, fertilizer is based on quick-acting;
2. pruning and fruit thinning
Kiwi fruit repair before point winter cuts, the summer cuts and prune with staminiferous plant.Winter cuts and carries out to first 1 month of rudiment in early spring period after fallen leaves, to prune off, and appropriate cutting back.Stay main climing and bearing basal shoot more, cut off overstocked bough, thin and delicate branch, intersection branch and sick branch; Summer cuts and carries out except sprouting in early June to early July, pinching, to prune off and bondage, erases the rudiment on trunk, arranges complicated and confused space; Staminiferous plant carries out after pruning and spending, and 3-4 branch is stayed in every strain, and every bar branch stays bud 4-6, the pinching when long 1 meter of young sprout; Fruit thinning carries out for 28 days after spending, and stays middle fruit, and dredge limit fruit, every 4-5 sheet leaf stays 1 fruit; Every 20 centimetres of general branch stays fruit 1-2, and weak branch 20-25 centimetre stays fruit 5-6;
3. the extermination of disease and insect pest: adopt and put prevention first, the method control that medicine and bagging combine.
Canker is prevented and treated: it is very strong that Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker propagates appeal, and harmfulness is large especially, will become destructive disease once infected; Prevention and controls: comprehensive pruning sprays once sterilizing agent behind clear garden, and the season of growth selects the medicine with sterilization to spray; Blossom rot is prevented and treated: this disease belongs to bacterial disease, and main harm flower, started to contaminate bud in mid-March, made to spend rotten, carry out chemical control; Applied perfume is prevented and treated: this worm main harm young fruit pericarp, and at early or mid March along with kiwi fruit sprouting sprouts, the seedling that survives the winter comes out of hibernation and becomes adult and to come into play egg reproduction; Adult and the control of spraying 80% dichlorvos are killed in available temptation; Root knot nematode control: be evenly sprinkling upon in garden on ground at early or mid March mu insecticide, then plough shallowly, accomplishes not hinder root; Shield coccid is prevented and treated: the first tenday period of a month in late April to May prevent and treat best period, and every generation nymph started to spray medicine at the hatching initial stage, every spray in 5 days once, and continuous spraying 3 times; Black spot main harm blade and fruit, cause blade early fallout to cause second branch, cause fruit to lose commodity value, serious park 5-8 month monthly spray medicine once in harm;
Bagging is prevented and treated: the diseases prevention of bagging energy, insect protected, reduces spraying pesticide and avoids fruit face remains of pesticide; Bagging time is advisable with 15-20 after blossom fall days; The yellow paper bag of sack individual layer, must spray a medicine before bagging;
The pre-preventing disease and pest in clear garden in autumn: April carries out, after pruning, will prune lower various branches and tendrils and residue fallen leaves on the ground in garden, weeds are concentrated burns together.
Four, gather: the maturity when shelf-life of kiwi fruit and quality are gathered in the crops by it affects very large; Kiwifruit fruit is gathered too early or is crossed quality and the local flavor that all can affect fruit late, and must by the quality responses phase could fully maturation, the Best Times of gathering is, as fruit soluble solids content 6%-7% for gathering the wedding day, needs the fruit of long term storage then to require to reach 7%-10%; Plucking time is not with when the morning, 10 front temperature raised; Carry out packaging warehouse-in with adopting with classification, the fruit after just adopting is hard, puckery, and having to pass through 7-10 days Ripening and softening can sell.
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| CN106332712A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-18 | 广西盛元现代林业科技有限公司 | Method for planting Hongyang kiwis |
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| CN106171771A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 永胜县雨顺经济林果开发有限责任公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Fructus actinidiae chinensis |
| CN106171478A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-07 | 玉溪圣兴农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus actinidiae chinensis |
| CN106332712A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-18 | 广西盛元现代林业科技有限公司 | Method for planting Hongyang kiwis |
| CN107295933A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-27 | 桂平市蒙圩镇火炎种养专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Kiwi berry |
| CN107494119A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-22 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker disease plant hierarchical processing method |
| CN107711235A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-02-23 | 祥云县琼芝农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of car li |
| CN107691067A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-16 | 安徽秋歌农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry deinsectization implantation methods |
| CN107567935A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-12 | 湖北赞博信息科技股份有限公司 | A kind of plantation technique of Kiwi berry |
| CN108541499A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-18 | 务川县金锋猕猴桃种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Kiwi berry insect-pest |
| CN108718746A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-02 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院 | A kind of tree-like cultural method for Prospect on Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker |
| CN109121957A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 长沙天乐农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry high-yield cultivating method |
| CN109197334A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of flowering dogwood orientation trimming flower promoting method |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |