CN104686159A - Method for planting selenium-rich vegetable and fruit in farmland - Google Patents
Method for planting selenium-rich vegetable and fruit in farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686159A CN104686159A CN201510106824.1A CN201510106824A CN104686159A CN 104686159 A CN104686159 A CN 104686159A CN 201510106824 A CN201510106824 A CN 201510106824A CN 104686159 A CN104686159 A CN 104686159A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting selenium-rich vegetables and fruits in farmland, particularly to a method for planting vegetables and fruits in farmland. The method comprises the following steps: draining off water of the farmland, and drying the farmland for 3-6 months, turning over soil without crops for 2-3 times in the farmland drying period, and ridging in the farmland to form first stripy ridged fields and second stripy ridged fields, wherein the first stripy ridged fields and the second stripy ridged fields are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals, and the second stripy ridged fields consist of dry farmland soil, and the first stripy ridged fields are formed by filled and settled improved soil; planting vicia gigantean and fig, trimming fig, cultivating seedlings of vicia gigantean, fertilizing, irrigating and cultivating vicia gigantean, and sowing ryegrass. By adopting the technical scheme, the yield of vicia gigantean can be remarkably increased, the quality of vicia gigantean can be remarkably improved, vicia gigantean can be picked each year after three years, the single plant yield of fig is far greater than that of conventional large-scale independent planting, and vicia gigantean and fig are high in selenium content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to a kind of method of planting rich selenium vegetables and fruits in farmland.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, the purple dustpan of formal name used at school, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has exist widely in mountain area, Dabie Mountain.Containing the various trace elements such as rich in protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama in common vetch dish, common vetch dish not only can be made into delicious dish, have more the effects such as anticancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty treatment, to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, there is obvious inhibitory action simultaneously, be long-term outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is local experiment artificial planting, it yields poorly, and the common vetch dish stem of collection is thin, poor quality, and to pluck after one, two year common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of method of planting rich selenium vegetables and fruits in farmland, and it can effectively solve the problem, and the output of common vetch dish is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, and quality better can be plucked for a long time, can not the underproduction.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
In farmland, plant a method for rich selenium vegetables and fruits, refer to the method for improvement farmland interplanting common vetch dish, fig, specifically comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1: by 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland ridging formed strip the first ridge with second ridge ground, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge, second ground, ridge is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, first ground, ridge side arranges support, support is arranged the sparge pipe that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with Bidirectional spray head, and first and second ground, ridge is pointed in two water outlet directions of Bidirectional spray head respectively obliquely,
Step 2: First Year late April digs the dark planting pit of 50 ~ 55cm in interval on the ground on the second ridge, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 ~ 8kg is applied in planting pit, the fig cuttage seeding of band soil is planted in planting pit, water sufficient normal root water, fig spacing in the rows is 1.5 ~ 2.0m, along cuttage seeding height 20 ~ 22cm place, fig is cut off, three major branch natural open centre shape/Y shape training types are adopted to carry out shaping to fig, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 150 ~ 155 weight portion green manure, the poultry muck of 30 ~ 35 weight portions, the process of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the lime of 5 ~ 8 weight portions and the dry land soil of 10 ~ 15 weight portions obtains, after cuttage, 20d waters and executes once rare rich water, containing 5% ammonium sulfate in rare rich water, in the autumn in the same year, artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling is planted at interval on the ground on the first ridge, and pour water in furrow, water surface elevation in furrow is lower than the ground level at least 18cm on the first ground, ridge, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground earth's surface bedding one deck leaf,
Step 3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and after bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; The major branch of fig is pruned, keep major branch length 50 ~ 55cm, 3 ~ 4 are retained newly slightly above each major branch, the prosperous long-term applying once composite fertilizer of young sprout growth, the applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 90 ~ 100kg, composite fertilizer is 20 weight portion nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, the urea mixed configuration of 30 weight portion poultry muck and 5 weight portions obtains, and carries out fruit thinning after result; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed thoroughly and are broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrows to carrying out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and the leaf bedding earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating; From Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before perennial ryegrass and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
Step 4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, fig side shoot is pruned, its length is made to be 30 ~ 35cm, each side shoot retains 1 ~ 2 newly slightly, prune and make new length slightly be no more than 20cm, within 4th year, wipe out every year afterwards on side shoot less go out the branch of young sprout result, the young sprout of 1 ~ 2 growing way stalwartness of selecting and remain, composite fertilizer is applied once respectively before prosperous long-term, fruit expanding period, the fallen leaves of young sprout growth, the each applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 70 ~ 75kg, the initial stage of fruit expanding period applies fruit tree punching fertilising, and the latter stage of fruit expanding period sprays organic selenium fertilizer, annual early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed thoroughly and is broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 50cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 45 ~ 50cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.4 ~ 2m.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also water funk flood, and very harsh to soil for growth.The present invention is by the transformation in above-mentioned farmland, and the irrigation system that furrow is formed, can make the whole farmland of the irrigation of uniform fluid flow, the water lev el control simultaneously in furrow lower than first ground, ridge earth's surface 12 ~ 17cm, ensure that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated and there will not be waterlogging, shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater sky, made the sparse spray of part rainwater on common vetch dish bud, promoted the growth of common vetch dish bud, made common vetch dish bud more sturdy, the improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, support in acidity and fertilizer the best demand more grown with common vetch dish to match, make common vetch dish more sturdy, perennial ryegrass can first in addition, the soil property on two ground, ridges is vegetated, the perennial ryegrass of first time harvesting can be used for herding as the herbage of herding and survive the winter, and the perennial ryegrass of aftercrop and leaf cover first, two ridges on the ground, common vetch dish can be survived the winter better, ensure that common vetch dish to germinate spore the coming year, perennial ryegrass, leaf rots as green manure and helps the applying of bud fertilizer can be good at the fertility on supplementary first ground, ridge and regulate acidity, common vetch dish can both be plucked every year.Certainly, independent the played Main Function of the above-mentioned just each factor of simple elaboration, by the mutual coordinative role of each factor, make common vetch dish all can carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
And adopt above-mentioned improvement soil and rich selenium clay fertilizer to carry out common vetch colza to plant, Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, it effectively can improve the Se content in common vetch dish, and in the dry common vetch dish of results, Se content about improves 3 ~ 4 times, and compost maturity is exactly the means of green manure compost maturity conventional in agricultural production.
In addition, be rich in the applying that the feces of livestock and poultry of Organic Selenium and weeds, lime, cake fertilizer mixed compaction pile the fertile and fruit expanding period organic selenium fertilizer of the ripe rich selenium obtained, Organic Selenium effectively can be absorbed by fig, make the Se content in fig be more than three times of common fig, become health fruit.Fruit tree rushes fertilising and should comparatively use before organic selenium fertilizer, and fruit tree punching fertilising effectively can promote that fruit tree is to the absorption of organic selenium fertilizer, also can play that hyperchromic increasing is sweet, premunition strong in addition, anti-fruit-cracking, ripe early, the effect such as mellow and full, the resistance to storage of fruit.
Detailed scheme is:
On the ground can plant tea tree on the second ridge after Second Year, tea tree and fig tree interval-staggered.Help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.Should plant larger tea seedling, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growth, and many crop interplantings, improve whole economic benefit.And fig, common vetch dish are all the crops that insect pest can not occur, by interplanting, the phenomenon that damage by disease and insect easily occurs large stretch of Tea planting can be eliminated, improve the economic benefit of whole agricultural.
Fig can very well and common vetch dish interplant, improve the output of individual plant fig, the resistance to fertilizer of fig, can not produce damage by disease and insect, can draw branch between planting season to fig, avoids fig fruit tree too high.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and the 3rd year can both pluck common vetch dish afterwards every year.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation behind whole ground, farmland;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section in farmland.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
Following embodiment 1 ~ 2 is in me company (Anqing ten thousand grass thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds) and Wuhu Heng Nuo Enertech Co., Ltd., carry out in the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd joint development, gemma refers to and the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants sends tender white gemma, gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparing obtain, urea water is that 100 ~ 200g urea and the preparation of 1L water obtain, following embodiment 1, the concrete amount of application of the fertilizer do not clearly not stated in 2, those skilled in the art can use in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age, ensure reliably planting of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, all need to carry out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the operations such as desinsection.In the present invention if no special instructions, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
Improvement soil used in embodiment 1,2 is obtained in embodiment 3 ~ 6, and rich selenium clay fertilizer is obtained in embodiment 7 ~ 9, and the improvement in farmland is concrete as shown in Figure 1, 2.
The fruit tree punching fertilising that the fruit expanding period initial stage applies is that the cloud that Zhengzhou Yun Geng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd produces ploughs board fruit tree punching fertilising, and its using method executes drip irrigation for dilution 800-1200 doubly rushes, and every mu of dropper punching executes 1.2 kilograms; The organic selenium fertilizer of fruit expanding period sprinkling in latter stage is the source board fruit tailored version organic selenium fertilizer of the selenium that selenium carefree modern agriculture Science and Technology Ltd. in Anhui produces, its using method is dilution 500 times of liquid, evenly spray in crop leaf, interval sprays twice, every minor tick 7 days; The amount of spraying determine according to the tree-like and age of tree, tree-like, the age of tree greatly, the corresponding increase of the amount of spraying, generally every mu of 1L ~ 1.3L.The fruit tree punching fertilising that certainly other companies also can be adopted to produce and organic selenium fertilizer use, and obtain same effect.Poultry muck is the ight soil of raising livestock and poultry collection; According to the mass ratio of 6:3:1, Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out be mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the ight soil of livestock and poultry is collected.
Embodiment 1
By 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland, ridging forms the first ground, ridge 111 and the ground, the second ridge 112 of strip, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge 112 is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge 111, second ground, ridge 112 is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil (forest land soil is preferably the woods soil of area, Yuexi, Dabie Mountain pine forests or the slope soil on hillside), rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, first ground, ridge 111 sides arrange support Z1, support Z1 is arranged the sparge pipe 114 that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 114 is arranged at intervals with Bidirectional spray head, and first and second ground, ridge is pointed in two water outlet directions of Bidirectional spray head respectively obliquely, the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 50cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 45 ~ 50cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.4 ~ 2m, and the width of furrow L1 is 15 ~ 20cm.
First Year late April digs the dark planting pit of 50 ~ 55cm in interval on the second ground, ridge 112, in planting pit, apply the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 ~ 8kg, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 150 weight portion green manure, the dry land soil of the poultry muck of 35 weight portions, the lime of 5 weight portions and 15 weight portions becomes thoroughly decomposed, and process obtains.The fig cuttage seeding (station, nursery is bought and obtained) of band soil is planted in planting pit, water sufficient normal root water, fig spacing in the rows is 1.5 ~ 2.0m, along cuttage seeding height 20 ~ 22cm place, fig is cut off, three major branch natural open centre shape/Y shape training types are adopted to carry out shaping to fig, after cuttage, 20d waters and executes once rare rich water, containing 5% ammonium sulfate in rare rich water.In autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first ground, ridge 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and in furrow L1, pour water that (pouring water and irrigating described in the present invention all refers in furrow Inner eycle interval retaining/pour water, that is pours water at every turn and last for another ten days, each depth of water 5 ~ 8cm, discharge water after pouring water at every turn and drain 4 ~ 5 days, iterative cycles operation like this).Water surface elevation in furrow lower than first ridge ground 111 ground level at least 18cm, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground 111 earth's surface bedding one deck leaf, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding;
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate (pouring water), 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; The major branch of fig is pruned, keep major branch length 50 ~ 55cm, 3 ~ 4 are retained newly slightly above each major branch, the prosperous long-term applying once composite fertilizer of young sprout growth, the applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 100kg, composite fertilizer is 20 weight portion nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, the urea mixed configuration of 30 weight portion poultry muck and 5 weight portions obtains, and carries out fruit thinning after result; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed thoroughly and are broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrows to carrying out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and the leaf bedding earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating.From Second Year, before herbage (i.e. perennial ryegrass) and leaf bedding, spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground on the first ridge, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg.
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, root is not injured during harvesting, loose stool water is executed once after each harvesting, fig side shoot is pruned, its length is made to be 30 ~ 35cm, each side shoot retains 1 ~ 2 newly slightly, prune and make new length slightly be no more than 20cm, within 4th year, wipe out every year afterwards on side shoot less go out the branch of young sprout result, (on each branch) is selected and remain the young sprout of 1 ~ 2 growing way stalwartness, it is for a long time prosperous that young sprout grows, fruit expanding period, composite fertilizer is applied once respectively before fallen leaves, the each applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 70 ~ 75kg, the initial stage of fig fruit expanding stage applies fruit tree punching fertilising, the latter stage of fruit expanding period sprays organic selenium fertilizer, in early August, the 3rd broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed thoroughly and is broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
Embodiment 2
By 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland, ridging forms the first ground, ridge 111 and the ground, the second ridge 112 of strip, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge 112 is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge 111, second ground, ridge 112 is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, first ground, ridge 111 sides arrange support Z1, support Z1 is arranged the sparge pipe 114 that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 114 is arranged at intervals with Bidirectional spray head, and first and second ground, ridge is pointed in two water outlet directions of Bidirectional spray head respectively obliquely, the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 50cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 45 ~ 50cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.4 ~ 2m, and the width of furrow L1 is 15 ~ 20cm.
First Year late April digs the dark planting pit of 50 ~ 55cm in interval on the second ground, ridge 112, in planting pit, apply the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 ~ 8kg, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 155 weight portion green manure, the dry land soil of the poultry muck of 30 weight portions, the lime of 8 weight portions and 10 weight portions becomes thoroughly decomposed, and process obtains.The fig cuttage seeding (station, nursery is bought and obtained) of band soil is planted in planting pit, water sufficient normal root water, fig spacing in the rows is 1.5 ~ 2.0m, along cuttage seeding height 20 ~ 22cm place, fig is cut off, three major branch natural open centre shape/Y shape training types are adopted to carry out shaping to fig, after cuttage, 20d waters and executes once rare rich water, containing 5% ammonium sulfate in rare rich water.In autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first ground, ridge 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in furrow, water surface elevation in furrow lower than first ridge ground 111 ground level at least 18cm, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground 111 earth's surface bedding one deck leaf, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding;
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; The major branch of fig is pruned, keep major branch length 50 ~ 55cm, 3 ~ 4 are retained newly slightly above each major branch, the prosperous long-term applying once composite fertilizer of young sprout growth, the applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 90kg, composite fertilizer is 20 weight portion nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, the urea mixed configuration of 30 weight portion poultry muck and 5 weight portions obtains, and carries out fruit thinning after result; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed thoroughly and are broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrows to carrying out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and the leaf bedding earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating.From Second Year, before herbage (i.e. perennial ryegrass) and leaf bedding, spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground on the first ridge, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg.
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, root is not injured during harvesting, loose stool water is executed once after each harvesting, the dwarf branch bar of thorn Chinese fir is pruned, it is made highly to be no more than 1.5m, fig side shoot is pruned, its length is made to be 30 ~ 35cm, each side shoot retains 1 ~ 2 newly slightly, prune and make new length slightly be no more than 20cm, within 4th year, wipe out every year afterwards on side shoot less go out the branch of young sprout result, the young sprout of 1 ~ 2 growing way stalwartness of selecting and remain, it is for a long time prosperous that young sprout grows, fruit expanding period, composite fertilizer is applied once respectively before fallen leaves, the each applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 70 ~ 75kg, the initial stage of fig fruit expanding stage applies fruit tree punching fertilising, the latter stage of fruit expanding period sprays organic selenium fertilizer, in early August, the 3rd broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed thoroughly and is broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 1800 ~ 2000 strains, produce about 325 kilograms fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, the fibrosis of fresh common vetch dish is low, and the Se content in common vetch dish is high, and in obtained dry common vetch dish, Se content is about 3 ~ 4 times of common common vetch dish.
The plantation of tradition level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500 ~ 6000 strains, produce 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3 ~ 0.6cm, the fibrosis on fresh common vetch dish surface is high, and the black herbage cutting receipts for the first time may be used for herding and survives the winter, and forms circular agriculture.
After the 3rd year, every strain fig can tie the fig of 2.5 ~ 3.0kg, plants separately the output of the individual plant 2.0 ~ 2.5kg of fig higher than large stretch of area, and in fig, Se content is more than three times of Se content in common fig.In addition, agricultural planting economic benefit 4 ~ 5 times can be improved by interplanting.
Embodiment 3
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field June, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till and forest land soil (the woods soil that forest land soil is area, Yuexi, Dabie Mountain pine forests or the slope soil on hillside, lower with) obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field March, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:3 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.4:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 3 ~ 6, the production of all very suitable common vetch dish of its acid-base value and fertility, therefore, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, fertilizer efficiency improves the output of common vetch dish lastingly, and wherein Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, improves the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 8
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 9
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
After common vetch dish grows every year and gathers, larger to the loss of soil, therefore need to carry out fertility to soil every year to supplement and acid-base value adjustment, the rich selenium clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 7 ~ 9, its acid-base value is comparatively higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish, and use before bedding herbage and leaf, it can effectively regulate the acid-base value of soil, supplement fertility and Organic Selenium simultaneously, ensure the high yield output that rich selenium common vetch dish is annual.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. in farmland, plant a method for rich selenium vegetables and fruits, refer to the method for improvement farmland interplanting common vetch dish, fig, specifically comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1: by 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland ridging formed strip the first ridge with second ridge ground, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge, second ground, ridge is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, first ground, ridge side arranges support, support is arranged the sparge pipe that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, and the first ground, ridge is pointed in the water outlet direction of shower nozzle obliquely,
Step 2: First Year late April digs the dark planting pit of 50 ~ 55cm in interval on the ground on the second ridge, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 5 ~ 8kg is applied in planting pit, the fig cuttage seeding of band soil is planted in planting pit, water sufficient normal root water, fig spacing in the rows is 1.5 ~ 2.0m, along cuttage seeding height 20 ~ 22cm place, fig is cut off, three major branch natural open centre shape/Y shape training types are adopted to carry out shaping to fig, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 150 ~ 155 weight portion green manure, the poultry muck of 30 ~ 35 weight portions, the process of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the lime of 5 ~ 8 weight portions and the dry land soil of 10 ~ 15 weight portions obtains, after cuttage, 20d waters and executes once rare rich water, containing 5% ammonium sulfate in rare rich water, in the autumn in the same year, artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling is planted at interval on the ground on the first ridge, and pour water in furrow, water surface elevation in furrow is lower than the ground level at least 18cm on the first ground, ridge, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground earth's surface bedding one deck leaf,
Step 3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and after bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; The major branch of fig is pruned, keep major branch length 50 ~ 55cm, 3 ~ 4 are retained newly slightly above each major branch, the prosperous long-term applying once composite fertilizer of young sprout growth, the applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 90 ~ 100kg, composite fertilizer is 20 weight portion nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, the urea mixed configuration of 30 weight portion poultry muck and 5 weight portions obtains, and carries out fruit thinning after result; Second Year early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, after seed soaking, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam are mixed thoroughly and are broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrows to carrying out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and the leaf bedding earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating; From Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before perennial ryegrass and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
Step 4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, fig side shoot is pruned, its length is made to be 30 ~ 35cm, each side shoot retains 1 ~ 2 newly slightly, prune and make new length slightly be no more than 20cm, within 4th year, wipe out every year afterwards on side shoot less go out the branch of young sprout result, the young sprout of 1 ~ 2 growing way stalwartness of selecting and remain, composite fertilizer is applied once respectively before prosperous long-term, fruit expanding period, the fallen leaves of young sprout growth, the each applied amount of composite fertilizer is every mu of 70 ~ 75kg, the initial stage of fruit expanding period applies fruit tree punching fertilising, and the latter stage of fruit expanding period sprays organic selenium fertilizer, annual early August broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass on the ground on first and second ridge, before ryegrass seed sowing, every 1kg seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid and 1.5g pak-chor 4 ~ 4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium liquid be bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor dilute 10 times formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquor
600be 0.8 ~ 1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking, 10kg fire loam is mixed thoroughly and is broadcasted sowing, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, Ryegrass Growth is to carrying out first time harvesting during plant height 40 ~ 45cm as farming animals herbage, toothing 5 ~ 8cm during first time harvesting, promote that perennial ryegrass tillers and regenerates, perennial ryegrass regrow to carry out aftercrop during plant height 35 ~ 40cm and by harvesting herbage and leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, toothing 1 ~ 3cm during aftercrop, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. method of planting rich selenium vegetables and fruits in farmland according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 50cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 45 ~ 50cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.4 ~ 2m.
3. method of planting rich selenium vegetables and fruits in farmland according to claim 1, is characterized in that: help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid and obtain.
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