CN104686168A - Method for cultivating selenium-enriched vegetables - Google Patents
Method for cultivating selenium-enriched vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686168A CN104686168A CN201510107512.2A CN201510107512A CN104686168A CN 104686168 A CN104686168 A CN 104686168A CN 201510107512 A CN201510107512 A CN 201510107512A CN 104686168 A CN104686168 A CN 104686168A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating selenium-enriched vegetables. The method refers to a method for planting osmunda japonica thunb in hillside forest land. The method comprises the following steps: improving the hillside forest land by improved soil enriched in organic selenium, planting Chinese fir and osmunda japonica thumb; trimming of Chinese fir and seedlings culturing of osmunda japonica thumb, and applying of fertilizer of selenium-enriched of osmunda japonica thumb, irrigation and cultivation. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched vegetables can obviously improve the yield and quality of osmunda japonica thunb; after the third year, osmunda japonica thunb can be picked every year, and selenium content in the picked osmunda japonica thunb is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of rich selenium vegetables.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, the purple dustpan of formal name used at school, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has exist widely in mountain area, Dabie Mountain.Containing the various trace elements such as rich in protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama in common vetch dish, common vetch dish not only can be made into delicious dish, have more the effects such as anticancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty treatment, to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, there is obvious inhibitory action simultaneously, be long-term outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is local experiment artificial planting, it yields poorly, and the common vetch dish stem of collection is thin, poor quality, and to pluck after one, two year common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of cultivation method of rich selenium vegetables, and it can effectively solve the problem, and the output of common vetch dish is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, and quality better can be plucked for a long time, can not the underproduction.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A cultivation method for rich selenium vegetables, refers in the method for forest land, hillside plantation common vetch dish, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch is that interleaved shape is arranged, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity,
S2: plant interval on the ground at second kind spring then and to plant the thorn Chinese fir seedling of life in 4 ~ 5 years, after thorn China fir seedling survives, the trunk of thorn Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carried out preservative treatment to truncated position, the tree stump place tufted of thorn China fir grows thorn China fir seedling, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site;
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, thorn Chinese fir is pruned, retain a major branch, all the other thorn China fir seedling carry out plucking top makes its height between 1.4 ~ 1.6m, plant at first kind in Second Year autumn and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch on the ground, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, annual Chinese milk vetch and front the planting at first kind of leaf bedding spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer is that every mu of first planting site spreads fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity,
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, the dwarf branch bar of thorn Chinese fir is pruned, it is made highly to be no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch at the first planting site, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also water funk flood, and very harsh to soil for growth.The present invention is by the transformation in forest land, above-mentioned hillside, the irrigation system that ditch is formed, forest land, the irrigation of uniform fluid flow whole hillside can be made, water lev el control simultaneously in ditch lower than first planting site earth's surface 12 ~ 17cm, ensure that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated and there will not be waterlogging, common vetch dish is planted bottom the ridge, dam, to to get well more than level land planting effect, common vetch dish is by the impact of Ba Geng, the new cauline leaf sent out is grown to away from Ba Geng side, the plant hormone in it is made to stimulate root to sprout more gemma, improve output, the setting of Ba Geng simultaneously, first kind can be made to plant ground side's current does not penetrate in ditch from the trickling of the earth's surface of the first planting site from its underpart, prevent the waterlogging of common vetch dish, in addition, stone piles the Ba Geng built, fixation can be played at the initial stage of forest land transformation, preventing came down during rainy season causes forest land, hillside to be ruined, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater sky, made the sparse spray of part rainwater on common vetch dish bud, promoted the growth of common vetch dish bud, made common vetch dish bud more sturdy, the improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, support in acidity and fertilizer the best demand more grown with common vetch dish to match, make common vetch dish more sturdy, Chinese milk vetch can be vegetated in the soil property of the first planting site in addition, Chinese milk vetch, the leaf of harvesting cover, and common vetch dish can be survived the winter better, ensure that common vetch dish to germinate spore the coming year, rotting and helping the applying of bud fertilizer can be good at the fertility of supplementary first planting site and regulate acidity of Chinese milk vetch, leaf, makes common vetch dish can both pluck every year.The cost of thorn Chinese fir breeding is low, survival rate is high, growth is fast, after cutting down its major branch, a large amount of new talents can be gone out tree stump director, the fence sheltered from heat or light can be formed fast in the periphery of common vetch dish, ensure that common vetch dish is to the demand of growing environment, shortens the cycle of whole forest land transformation simultaneously.Certainly, independent the played Main Function of the above-mentioned just each factor of simple elaboration, by the mutual coordinative role of each factor, make common vetch dish all can carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
And adopt above-mentioned improvement soil and rich selenium clay fertilizer to carry out common vetch colza to plant, Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, it effectively can improve the Se content in common vetch dish, and in the dry common vetch dish of results, Se content about improves 3 ~ 4 times, and compost maturity is exactly the means of green manure compost maturity conventional in agricultural production.
Detailed scheme is:
The height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, and it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, and dam extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge.Plant at second kind after Second Year and on the ground plant tea tree, tea tree is positioned at the inner side of thorn Chinese fir and interval-staggered with thorn Chinese fir.Help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.After Second Year, dwarf branch bar that is comparatively large and tree stump place is also in great numbers for the trunk of thorn Chinese fir, just as forming a hedge hurdle in the outside in ditch, now plant larger tea seedling within it, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growth, if plantation tea tree, what the ground level of the second planting site can be arranged is comparatively greater than the first planting site ground level, and many crop interplantings, improve whole economic benefit.And thorn Chinese fir, common vetch dish are all the crops that insect pest can not occur, and by interplanting, can eliminate the phenomenon that damage by disease and insect easily occurs large stretch of Tea planting, improve the economic benefit of whole agricultural.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and the 3rd year can both pluck common vetch dish afterwards every year.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation in ditch is offered on Fig. 1 is domatic;
Fig. 2 is domatic sectional schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
Following embodiment 1 ~ 2 is carried out in my company (Anqing ten thousand grass thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds) with the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Wuhu Heng Nuo Enertech Co., Ltd., Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd joint development, gemma refers to and the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants sends tender white gemma, gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparing obtain, and urea water is that 100 ~ 200g urea and the preparation of 1L water obtain.The concrete amount of application of fertilizer do not clearly not stated in following embodiment 1,2, those skilled in the art can use in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age, ensure reliably planting of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, all need to carry out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the operation such as desinsection.In the present invention if no special instructions, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
Improvement soil used in embodiment 1,2 is obtained in embodiment 3 ~ 6, and rich selenium clay fertilizer is obtained in embodiment 7 ~ 9, and the improvement in forest land, hillside is concrete as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Embodiment 1
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of hole for water spraying, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils 15, extends in sandy soils 15 bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m,
Spring plants the thorn Chinese fir seedling of life in 4 ~ 5 years in interval on the second planting site 112 then, spacing in the rows 1.5m, after thorn China fir seedling survives, the trunk of thorn Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carried out preservative treatment to truncated position, the tree stump place tufted of thorn China fir grows thorn China fir seedling, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, thorn Chinese fir is pruned, retain a major branch, all the other thorn China fir seedling carry out plucking top makes its height between 1.4 ~ 1.6m, Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on the first planting site 111, cut receipts bedding together with leaf after Chinese milk vetch maturation, on the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, to stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating; From Second Year, annual Chinese milk vetch and front the planting at first kind of leaf bedding spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer is that every mu of first planting site spreads fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg.
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, root is not injured during harvesting, loose stool water is executed once after each harvesting, the dwarf branch bar of thorn Chinese fir is pruned, it is made highly to be no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch at the first planting site 111, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
Embodiment 2
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of shower nozzle, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m,
Spring plants the thorn Chinese fir seedling of life in 4 ~ 5 years in interval on the second planting site 112 then, spacing in the rows 1.5m, after thorn China fir seedling survives, the trunk of thorn Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carried out preservative treatment to truncated position, the tree stump place tufted of thorn China fir grows thorn China fir seedling, in autumn in the same year wild common vetch dish seedling 11a is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, after bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, thorn Chinese fir is pruned, retain a major branch, all the other thorn China fir seedling carry out plucking top makes its height between 1.4 ~ 1.6m, Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on the first planting site 111, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, annual Chinese milk vetch and front the planting at first kind of leaf bedding spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer is that every mu of first planting site spreads fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg.
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, after bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, root is not injured during harvesting, loose stool water is executed once after each harvesting, the dwarf branch bar of thorn Chinese fir is pruned, it is made highly to be no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch at the first planting site 111, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 100:5 for fiery loam and urea, prepare after front water dissolves urea and carry out mixed preparing with fiery loam again.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 2000 ~ 2500 strains, produce 350 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, the fibrosis of fresh common vetch dish is low, and the Se content in common vetch dish is high, and in obtained dry common vetch dish, Se content is about 3 ~ 4 times of common common vetch dish.
The plantation of tradition level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500 ~ 6000 strains, and produce 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3 ~ 0.6cm, and the fibrosis on fresh common vetch dish surface is high.
Embodiment 3
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after paddy field draining dry field June, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 with forest land soil (native country, forest land, hillside); Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after paddy field draining dry field March, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:3 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after paddy field draining dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained improveing soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.4:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after paddy field draining dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 3 ~ 6, the production of all very suitable common vetch dish of its acid-base value and fertility, therefore, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, fertilizer efficiency improves the output of common vetch dish lastingly, and wherein Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, improves the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 8
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 9
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
After common vetch dish grows every year and gathers, larger to the loss of soil, therefore need to carry out fertility to soil every year to supplement and acid-base value adjustment, the rich selenium clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 7 ~ 9, its acid-base value is comparatively higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish, and use before bedding herbage and leaf, it can effectively regulate the acid-base value of soil, supplement fertility and Organic Selenium simultaneously, ensure the high yield output that rich selenium common vetch dish is annual.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a cultivation method for rich selenium vegetables, refers in the method for forest land, hillside plantation common vetch dish, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch is that interleaved shape is arranged, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity,
S2: plant interval on the ground at second kind spring then and to plant the thorn Chinese fir seedling of life in 4 ~ 5 years, after thorn China fir seedling survives, the trunk of thorn Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carried out preservative treatment to truncated position, the tree stump place tufted of thorn China fir grows thorn China fir seedling, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site;
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, thorn Chinese fir is pruned, retain a major branch, all the other thorn China fir seedling carry out plucking top makes its height between 1.4 ~ 1.6m, plant at first kind in Second Year autumn and broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch on the ground, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, annual Chinese milk vetch and front the planting at first kind of leaf bedding spread fertilizer over the fields rich selenium clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer is that every mu of first planting site spreads fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity,
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, the dwarf branch bar of thorn Chinese fir is pruned, it is made highly to be no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch at the first planting site, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive together with leaf bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, bud fertilizer is helped to obtain for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. the cultivation method of rich selenium vegetables according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, and it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, and dam extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge.
3. the cultivation method of rich selenium vegetables according to claim 1, is characterized in that: help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid and obtain.
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| CN106718899A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of method of mountain region high-yield culturing common vetch dish |
| CN111771447A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-16 | 宁夏发途发蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables |
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| CN108157077A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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