CN104686168B - A kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686168B CN104686168B CN201510107512.2A CN201510107512A CN104686168B CN 104686168 B CN104686168 B CN 104686168B CN 201510107512 A CN201510107512 A CN 201510107512A CN 104686168 B CN104686168 B CN 104686168B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables, refer to the method in hillside forest land plantation common vetch dish, including being transformed using the improved soil rich in Organic Selenium hillside forest land, the plant of China fir, common vetch dish is pierced, pierces the fertilising of selenium-rich clay fertilizer, irrigation, the cultivation pruned with the training seedling of common vetch dish and common vetch dish of China fir.Above-mentioned technical proposal can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and common vetch dish can be plucked every year after the 3rd year, and Se content is high in the common vetch dish of harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, scientific name purple dustpan, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has extensive presence in Dabie Mountain mountain area.Containing rich in common vetch dish
Various trace elements, the common vetch dishes such as rich protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama not only can be made into the dish of delicious food, with more anti-
Cancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty and other effects, while there is obvious inhibitory action to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, it is long
Phase outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is place experiment artificial growth, it yields poorly, collection
Common vetch dish stem is thin, poor quality, and common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud after plucking one, two year.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables, and it can effectively solve the above problems, common vetch dish
Yield it is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, quality better, can pluck for a long time, will not the underproduction.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables, refer to, in the method for hillside forest land plantation common vetch dish, specifically include following operation
Step：
S1：By hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up along the contour on hillside respectively, adjacent
Domatic outside between planting site is built a dam the ridge using stone heap, and ditch, length of the ditch along planting site are offered in the middle part of each planting site
Degree direction is opened up and is arranged at intervals compartment in ditch along its length, and ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, and the two of each tank
Hold and first and second flowing water mouth is set respectively on compartment, the 3rd flowing water mouth is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of tank, the 3rd flows on same tank
The height at the mouth of a river and the height of highly less flowing water mouth in first and second flowing water mouth are consistent, the 3rd stream on adjacent ditch
The mouth of a river arranges that the top ditch in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, and Ba Geng upper outside is provided with interleaved shape
The sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle is arranged at intervals with the pipe shaft of sparge pipe, the water outlet direction of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle is oblique
To the side wall for pointing to Ba Geng, planting site is divided into the first planting site on the inside of ditch and the on the outside of ditch by ditch
Two planting sites, the first planting site using improved soil fill out it is whole form, improved soil is dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fire
Loam is according to 1:1:0.4:0.2~1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight obtains than mixed preparing, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining dry field
The paddy soils taken after 3~June, crop not being sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds
The fire ash burnt till is with forest land soil according to 1:2~3 weight obtains than mixed preparing；Selenium-rich batch mixing be 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime,
4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites obtain through compost maturity；
S2：Spring plants 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings of interval plant on the ground at second kind then, and thorn China fir seedling will thorn after surviving
The trunk of Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carries out preservative treatment to truncated position, pierces tufted at the tree stump of China fir and grows thorn China fir seedling, in the same year
Artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling is planted and transplanted on the ground close to interval at Ba Geng bottoms by autumn at first kind, and in ditch
Inside pour water, and the water surface elevation in ditch be less than the first planting site 12~17cm of ground level, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and
One layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of first planting site；
S3：Second Year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening is sprayed water after bract bud
Hole/3~5min's of shower nozzle progress spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked to common vetch dish, and thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, protected
A major branch is stayed, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which pluck top, to be made its height Second Year autumn is in the first planting site between 1.4~1.6m
On broadcast sowing Chinese milk vetch, receipts and leaf are cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation, and bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site, stops after the Frost's Descent together
Irrigate, planted since Second Year, before annual Chinese milk vetch and leaf bedding at first kind and spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, selenium-rich clay fertilizer
The amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is that every mu of first planting site spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg, and selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg manure of livestock and poultry
Fertilizer, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites obtain through compost maturity；
S4：Since the 3rd year, operation was repeated below every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and common vetch dish is applied in 3, April
Once help bud fertile, after bract bud daily night open that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3~5min spread spray/spray painting, 4~May is to common vetch dish
Harvesting 3~4 times, the dwarf branch bar for piercing Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing purple in the first planting site
Yun Ying, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent, helps bud together
Fertilizer obtains for fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized and mixed by 1 mass ratio matches somebody with somebody
Fermentation substrate is made, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C,
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The plantation of common vetch dish, most important is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also flood afraid of water, and to life
Long soil is extremely harsh.The present invention irrigation system that ditch is formed, enables to current equal by the transformation in above-mentioned hillside forest land
The whole hillside forest land of even irrigation, while the water level control in ditch is less than first planting site 12~17cm of earth's surface, ensures common vetch
The happiness water of dish is irrigated and is not in waterlogging, and common vetch dish is planted close to Ba Geng bottoms, to be got well more than level land planting effect, common vetch
Dish is influenceed by Ba Geng so that new cauline leaf grows to away from Ba Geng sides so that the plant hormone in it stimulates root to sprout
More gemma are sent, improve yield, while Ba Geng setting, can make it that first kind is planted ground side's current not from first kind of plant
The earth's surface on ground is trickled and penetrated into from its underpart in ditch, prevents common vetch dish waterlogging, in addition, the Ba Geng that stone heap is built, can be in forest land
The initial stage of transformation plays fixation, and landslide causes hillside forest land to be ruined when preventing rainy season；Hole for water spraying/shower nozzle sprays in short-term at night
Leaching, Simulated rainwater day so that rainwater sparse spray in part promotes the growth of common vetch dish bud so that common vetch dish bud is more on common vetch dish bud
It is sturdy；The improved soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, matched in the optimal demand that acidity and fertilizer are supported more with the growth of common vetch dish so that common vetch
Dish is more sturdy, and Chinese milk vetch can be vegetated in the soil property of the first planting site in addition, and the Chinese milk vetch of harvesting, leaf are covered
Lid so that common vetch dish can preferably survive the winter, ensure the common vetch dish coming year germination spore, Chinese milk vetch, leaf rot and help bud fertilizer apply
Add the fertility that can be good at supplementing the first planting site and regulation acidity so that common vetch dish can be plucked every year.Pierce Chinese fir
The cost of breeding is low, survival rate is high, growth is fast, after cutting down its major branch, can go out substantial amounts of new talent in tree stump director, can be quick
The fence to shelter from heat or light is formed in the periphery of common vetch dish, ensures demand of the common vetch dish to growing environment, while shortens the week of whole forest land transformation
Phase.Certainly, it is above-mentioned simply simply to illustrate the main function that each factor is individually played, by the mutually coordinated effect of each factor,
Common vetch dish is enabled all to carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
And common vetch colza plant is carried out using above-mentioned improved soil and selenium-rich clay fertilizer, Organic Selenium effectively can be absorbed by common vetch dish, its
The Se content in common vetch dish can be effectively improved, Se content about improves 3~4 times in the dry common vetch dish of harvest, and compost maturity is exactly that agricultural is raw
The means for the green manure compost maturity commonly used in production.
Detailed scheme is：
Ba Geng height is 60~80cm, and it is 30~35cm that improved soil, which fills out whole thickness, and improved soil is filled out under flood
Side is provided with sandy soils, and Ba Geng bottoms are extended in sandy soils.Plantation tea tree, tea tree on the ground are planted after Second Year at second kind to be located at
Pierce Chinese fir inner side and with thorn Chinese fir it is interval-staggered.Bud fertilizer is helped to prepare to obtain for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid.The
After 2 years, pierce Chinese fir trunk is larger and also tree stump at dwarf branch bar it is also in great numbers, just as forming a hedge in the outside in ditch
Column, larger tea seedling is now planted on the inside of it, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growing, can be by second if plantation tea tree
Relatively larger than the first planting site ground level that the ground level on ground is set is planted, more crop interplantings, improves whole economic benefit.And
And thorn Chinese fir, common vetch dish are all the crops that insect pest will not occur, and by interplanting, can eliminate large stretch of Tea planting and disease easily occurs
The phenomenon of insect pest, improve the economic benefit of whole agricultural.
Above-mentioned technical proposal can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and common vetch dish can be entered every year after the 3rd year
Row harvesting.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation in ditch is opened up on Fig. 1 is domatic；
Fig. 2 is domatic sectional schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order that objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out specifically with reference to embodiments
It is bright.It should be appreciated that following word only to describe the present invention one or more of specific embodiments, not to the present invention
The protection domain specifically asked carries out considered critical.
Following embodiments 1~2 are in my company (the careless thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds in Anqing ten thousand) and Wuhu perseverance promise energy
Technology Co., Ltd., the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd joint development
Middle progress, gemma refer to send tender white gemma on the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants, and gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine
Liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparings obtain, and urea water is that 100~200g urea and 1L water are prepared to obtain.It is unknown in following embodiments 1,2
The specific amount of application of fertilizer really illustrated, those skilled in the art can be made in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age
With ensureing the reliable plant of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, be required for carrying out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the behaviour such as desinsection
Make.In the present invention unless otherwise instructed, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
Improved soil used is to be made in embodiment 3~6 in embodiment 1,2, and selenium-rich clay fertilizer is to be made in embodiment 7~9
, the improvement in hillside forest land is specific as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Embodiment 1
Fire line is held successfully in selected hillside forest land and carries out refining mountain, selects fine day handle ground is burned to grill thoroughly, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
Root out, by hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up along the contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Domatic outside between ground 11 is built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap, and each middle part of planting site 11 offers ditch 13, and ditch 13 is along plantation
The length direction on ground 11 is opened up and is arranged at intervals compartment 131 in ditch 13 along its length, and ditch 13 is separated into by compartment 131
Each tank, sets first and second flowing water mouth 132 on the both ends compartment 131 of each tank respectively, and the 3rd is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of tank
Flowing water mouth 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and highly less flowing water mouth in first and second flowing water mouth 132 on same tank
Highly it is consistent that (height at such as first-class mouth of a river is less than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and the
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), the compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the on adjacent ditch 13
Three flowing water mouths 133 arrange that the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, the top on the dam ridge 12 in interleaved shape
Outside is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape arrangement, and hole for water spraying, the water side of hole for water spraying are arranged at intervals with the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14
To the side wall on the oblique sensing dam ridge 12, planting site 11 is divided into the He of the first planting site 111 positioned at the inner side of ditch 13 by ditch 13
The second planting site 112 positioned at the outside of ditch 13, the first planting site 111 fill out whole form using improved soil；The height on the dam ridge 12
For 60~80cm, it is 30~35cm that improved soil, which fills out whole thickness, and improved soil, which is filled out on the downside of flood, is provided with sandy soils 15, dam
The bottom of the ridge 12 is extended in sandy soils 15, and the width of the first planting site 111 is 30~40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1
~1.2m；
Then spring be spaced on the second planting site 112 plant 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings, spacing in the rows 1.5m, thorn China fir seedling into
The trunk for piercing Chinese fir seedling is clipped after work and preservative treatment is carried out to truncated position, tufted at the tree stump of China fir is pierced and grows thorn China fir seedling,
The common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is planted on the first planting site 111 close to interval at the bottom of the dam ridge 12 in the autumn in the same year
Plant, the width for planting plant hole is 20~25 centimetres, and size be 20 × 20cm, is transplanted by spacing in the rows 15cm, and during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a is answered
Transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, root water is poured after cultivation, and poured water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than first
12~17cm of ground level of planting site 111, stop irrigating after the Frost's Descent and in one layer of tree of earth's surface bedding of the first planting site 111
Leaf, the leaf and pine needle that optional miscellaneous tree descends slowly and lightly carry out bedding；
Second Year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening hole for water spraying enters after bract bud
3~5min's of row spreads spray, before gemma and carries out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water after gemma and carries seedling, bract bud First Year is not to common vetch dish
Plucked, thorn Chinese fir trimmed, retains a major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling pluck top make its height 1.4~
Between 1.6m, Second Year autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch on the first planting site 111, and receipts and leaf are cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation together
Bedding is in the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stopping irrigation after the Frost's Descent；Since Second Year, before annual Chinese milk vetch and leaf bedding
Planted at first kind and spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for every mu of first planting site.
Since the 3rd year, operation was repeated below every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and one is applied to common vetch dish in 3, April
It is secondary to help bud fertile, carries out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma and carry seedling, night opening hole for water spraying daily after bract bud
Carry out 3~5min spreads spray, and 4~May plucks 3~4 times to common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, loose stool is applied after plucking every time
Water once, is trimmed to the dwarf branch bar for piercing Chinese fir, its height is no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing purple in the first planting site 111
Yun Ying, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent together,
Bud fertilizer is helped to prepare to obtain for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid.
Embodiment 2
Fire line is held successfully in selected hillside forest land and carries out refining mountain, selects fine day handle ground is burned to grill thoroughly, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
Root out, by hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up along the contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Domatic outside between ground 11 is built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap, and each middle part of planting site 11 offers ditch 13, and ditch 13 is along plantation
The length direction on ground 11 is opened up and is arranged at intervals compartment 131 in ditch 13 along its length, and ditch 13 is separated into by compartment 131
Each tank, sets first and second flowing water mouth 132 on the both ends compartment 131 of each tank respectively, and the 3rd is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of tank
Flowing water mouth 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and highly less flowing water mouth in first and second flowing water mouth 132 on same tank
Highly it is consistent that (height at such as first-class mouth of a river is less than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and the
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), the compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the on adjacent ditch 13
Three flowing water mouths 133 arrange that the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, the top on the dam ridge 12 in interleaved shape
Outside is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape arrangement, is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14, the water outlet direction of shower nozzle is oblique
To the side wall for pointing to the dam ridge 12, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 on the inside of ditch 13 and is located at by ditch 13
Second planting site 112 in the outside of ditch 13, the first planting site 111 fill out whole form using improved soil；The height on the dam ridge 12 is 60
~80cm, it is 30~35cm that improved soil, which fills out whole thickness, and improved soil is filled out and sandy soils are provided with the downside of flood, the bottom of the dam ridge 12
Portion is extended in sandy soils, and the width of the first planting site 111 is 30~40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1~1.2m；
Then spring be spaced on the second planting site 112 plant 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings, spacing in the rows 1.5m, thorn China fir seedling into
The trunk for piercing Chinese fir seedling is clipped after work and preservative treatment is carried out to truncated position, tufted at the tree stump of China fir is pierced and grows thorn China fir seedling,
Wild common vetch dish seedling 11a is transplanted on the first planting site 111 close to interval at the bottom of the dam ridge 12 in the autumn in the same year, planted
The width of plant hole is 20~25 centimetres, and size be 20 × 20cm, and by spacing in the rows 15cm plants, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a should be with soil mud
Plant, do not hinder root system, root water is poured after cultivation, and poured water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than the first planting site
111 12~17cm of ground level, stop irrigating and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of the first planting site 111 after the Frost's Descent, it is optional
The leaf and pine needle to be descended slowly and lightly with miscellaneous tree carries out bedding；
Second Year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening shower nozzle carries out 3 after bract bud
~5min spray painting, before gemma and carry out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water after gemma and carry seedling, bract bud First Year does not enter to common vetch dish
Row harvesting, thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains a major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height in 1.4~1.6m
Between, Second Year autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch on the first planting site 111, and receipts and leaf bedding together are cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation
Stop irrigating in the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, after the Frost's Descent, since Second Year, the before annual Chinese milk vetch and leaf bedding
Plant for one kind and spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for every mu of first planting site.
Since the 3rd year, operation was repeated below every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and one is applied to common vetch dish in 3, April
It is secondary to help bud fertile, before gemma and carry out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water after gemma and carry seedling, daily night opening shower nozzle enters after bract bud
3~5min of row spray painting, 4~May pluck 3~4 times to common vetch dish, do not injure root during harvesting, apply loose stool water after harvesting every time
Once, the dwarf branch bar for piercing Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing purple cloud in the first planting site 111
English, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site 111, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent, helped together
Bud fertilizer is fiery loam and urea according to 100:5 weight obtains than mixed preparing, after being dissolved before preparing with water to urea again
Mixed preparing is carried out with fiery loam.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 2000~2500 plants, 350 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes of every mu of annual output,
The length for plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15~20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8~1.2cm, the fibrosis journey of fresh common vetch dish
Spend low, Se content in common vetch dish is high, and Se content is about 3~4 times of common common vetch dish in obtained dry common vetch dish.
Traditional level land plantation, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500~6000 plants, 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes of every mu of annual output, harvesting
The length of fresh common vetch dish is 15~20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3~0.6cm, the fibrosis journey on fresh common vetch dish surface
Degree is high.
Embodiment 3
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.4:0.2 weight is changed than mixed preparing
Good soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and digged 2 times for the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field June, fiery
Loam be fire ash that stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till with forest land native (hillside forest land native country) according to 1：2 weight compares mixed preparing
Obtain；Selenium-rich batch mixing is that 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenites are rotten through compost
Ripe to obtain, poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed mixed preparing by 1 mass ratio
Into fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, will
The product and feed of fermentation carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight obtains than mixed preparing
Improved soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and digged 3 times by the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field March,
Fiery loam be fire ash that stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till with forest land soil according to 1:3 weight obtains than mixed preparing；Selenium-rich is mixed
Expect to obtain through compost maturity for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenites, poultry
Muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate by 1 mass ratio,
According to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the product of fermentation and
Feed carries out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.8:0.4 weight is changed than mixed preparing
Good soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and digged 3 times for the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field April, fiery
Loam be fire ash that stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight obtains than mixed preparing；Selenium-rich is mixed
Expect to obtain through compost maturity for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites, poultry
Muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate by 1 mass ratio,
According to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the product of fermentation and
Feed carries out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.4:0.4 weight obtains than mixed preparing
Improved soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and digged 2 times by the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field April,
Fiery loam be fire ash that stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight obtains than mixed preparing；Selenium-rich
Batch mixing is that 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites obtain through compost maturity, fowl
Animal manure fertilizer obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation bottom by 1 mass ratio
Thing, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the production of fermentation
Thing and feed carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The improved soil produced in above-described embodiment 3~6, its acid-base value and fertility are all particularly suitable for the production of common vetch dish, because
This, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, and fertilizer efficiency persistently improves the yield of common vetch dish, and wherein Organic Selenium effectively can be inhaled by common vetch dish
Receive, improve the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites warp
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 8
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites warp
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 9
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites warp
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
After common vetch dish grows harvesting every year, the loss to soil is larger, thus it is annual need to carry out soil fertility supplement and
Acid-base value is adjusted, and the selenium-rich clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 7~9, its acid-base value is higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish,
Used before bedding herbage and leaf, effectively the acid-base value of soil can be adjusted for it, while supplement fertility and Organic Selenium, ensure
The annual high yield output of selenium-rich common vetch dish.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, after content described in the present invention is known, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it can also be made some
Equal conversion and replacement, these, which convert and substituted on an equal basis, also should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables, referring to the method in hillside forest land plantation common vetch dish, following operation step is specifically included
Suddenly：
S1：By hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up along the contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Domatic outside between ground is built a dam the ridge using stone heap, and ditch, length side of the ditch along planting site are offered in the middle part of each planting site
To opening up and be arranged at intervals compartment in ditch along its length, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the both ends of each tank every
First and second flowing water mouth is set respectively in section, opens up the 3rd flowing water mouth on the cell wall on the outside of tank, the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank
Height and the height of highly less flowing water mouth in first and second flowing water mouth be consistent, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch
Arranged in interleaved shape, the top ditch in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, and Ba Geng upper outside is provided with horizontal shape
The sparge pipe of arrangement, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the oblique finger in water outlet direction of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle are arranged at intervals with the pipe shaft of sparge pipe
To Ba Geng side wall, planting site is divided into the first planting site on the inside of ditch and second on the outside of ditch by ditch
Plant ground, the first planting site using improved soil fill out it is whole form, improved soil is dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam
According to（1~1.2）：1：（0.4~0.8）：（0.2~0.4）Weight obtained than mixed preparing, dry land soil for rice terrace draining shine
The paddy soils that field is taken after 3~June, crop not being sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, miscellaneous
The fire ash that grass is burnt till is with forest land soil according to 1:2~3 weight obtains than mixed preparing；Selenium-rich batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg stones
Ash, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites obtain through compost maturity；
S2：Spring plants 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings of interval plant on the ground at second kind then, and thorn China fir seedling will pierce Chinese fir after surviving
The trunk of seedling is clipped and carries out preservative treatment to truncated position, pierces tufted at the tree stump of China fir and grows thorn China fir seedling, in the autumn in the same year
Artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling is planted at first kind and transplanted on the ground close to interval at Ba Geng bottoms, and filled in ditch
Water, and the water surface elevation in ditch is less than 12~17cm of ground level of the first planting site, stops irrigating and first after the Frost's Descent
One layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of planting site；
S3：Second Year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and night opens hole for water spraying/spray daily after bract bud
3~5min's of head progress spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked to common vetch dish, and thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains one
Major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height between 1.4~1.6m, and Second Year autumn plants at first kind broadcasts sowing on the ground
Chinese milk vetch, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent together, from
Second Year starts, and is planted before annual Chinese milk vetch and leaf bedding at first kind and spreads fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground
Spread fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for every mu of first planting site, selenium-rich clay fertilizer be 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks,
3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites obtain through compost maturity；
S4：Since the 3rd year, operation was repeated below every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and common vetch dish is applied once in 3, April
Help bud fertile, after bract bud daily night open that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3~5min spread spray/spray painting, 4~May common vetch dish is plucked
3~4 times, the dwarf branch bar for piercing Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing purple cloud in the first planting site
English, cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation receive and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent, helps bud fertile together
Obtained for fiery loam and people and animals' urine/urea mixed preparing；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into by 1 mass ratio
Fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, will send out
The product and feed of ferment carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. the cultural method of rich selenium vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ba Geng height is 60~80cm,
It is 30~35cm that improved soil, which fills out whole thickness, and improved soil is filled out and sandy soils are provided with the downside of flood, and Ba Geng bottoms extend to
In sandy soils.
3. the cultural method of rich selenium vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Help bud fertilizer for 50kg fire loam and
10L people and animals' urines are prepared to obtain.
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| CN201510107512.2A CN104686168B (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of cultural method of rich selenium vegetables |
| CN201810128591.9A CN108157077A (en) | 2015-03-11 | 2015-03-11 | A kind of modification method in hillside forest land |
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| CN106718899A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of method of mountain region high-yield culturing common vetch dish |
| CN111771447A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-16 | 宁夏发途发蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | Land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables |
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| CN108157077A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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