CN104686163B - A kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf cultural method for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity - Google Patents
A kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf cultural method for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686163B CN104686163B CN201510107324.XA CN201510107324A CN104686163B CN 104686163 B CN104686163 B CN 104686163B CN 201510107324 A CN201510107324 A CN 201510107324A CN 104686163 B CN104686163 B CN 104686163B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of new cultural methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity, refer in hillside interplanting in woodland common vetch dish, tealeaves, the method for piercing China fir, it specifically includes using the improvement soil rich in Organic Selenium to the plant of the transformation in hillside forest land, tealeaves, using organic selenium fertilizer, the operations such as interplanting thorn Chinese fir, rye grass.It pierces Chinese fir and forms a hedge column in the outside in ditch, larger tea seedling is planted on the inside of it, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growing, and more crop interplantings improve entire economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural productions, and in particular to a kind of new cultural method of selenium-enriched tea leaf for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, scientific name purple dustpan, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has extensive presence in Dabie Mountain mountain area.Containing rich in common vetch dish
Various trace elements, the common vetch dishes such as rich protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama not only can be made into delicious dish, with more anti-
Cancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, weight-reducing, beauty and other effects, while there is apparent inhibitory action to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, it is long
Phase outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is place experiment artificial growth, its low output, acquisition
Common vetch dish stem is thin, poor quality, and common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud after picking one, two year.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new cultural methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity, can effectively solve
The above problem, the yield of common vetch dish is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, and quality is good, can pick for a long time, will not the underproduction.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical schemes：
A kind of new cultural method of selenium-enriched tea leaf for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity refers in hillside interplanting in woodland common vetch dish, tealeaves, thorn China fir
Method, specifically include following operating procedure：
S1：By hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up respectively along the contour on hillside, adjacent
It is built a dam the ridge using stone heap on the outside of slope surface between planting site, each planting site middle part offers ditch, length of the ditch along planting site
Degree direction opens up and is arranged at intervals compartment in ditch along its length, and ditch is separated into each sink by compartment, and the two of each sink
It holds and first and second flowing water mouth is set respectively on compartment, the 3rd flowing water mouth is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of sink, the 3rd flows on same sink
The height at the mouth of a river and the height of the smaller flowing water mouth of height in first and second flowing water mouth are consistent, and the compartment on adjacent ditch is in
Interleaved shape arranges that the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch is arranged in interleaved shape, and the top ditch in hillside forest land is with supplying
Water installations are connected, and the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement, is arranged at intervals on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe double
To nozzle, the oblique side wall for being directed toward Ba Geng in a water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head, another water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head refer to obliquely
To the one side wall away from Ba Geng, planting site is divided into the first planting site on the inside of ditch and on the outside of ditch by ditch
Second planting site, the first planting site using improvement soil fill out it is whole form, improvement soil be dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and
Fiery loam is according to 1:1:0.4:0.2~1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining
The paddy soils that dry field is taken after 3~June do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2~3 times, fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves,
The fire ash that weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:2~3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg
Lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
S2：Spring plants 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings of interval plant on the ground at second kind then, and thorn China fir seedling will thorn after surviving
The trunk of Chinese fir seedling is clipped and carries out preservative treatment to truncated position, pierces tufted at the tree stump of China fir and grows thorn China fir seedling, in the same year
Artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling at first kind is planted and transplanted on the ground close to interval at Ba Geng bottoms by autumn, and in ditch
Inside pour water, and the water surface elevation in ditch be less than the first planting site 12~17cm of ground level, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and
One layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of first planting site；
S3：Second year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening is double after common vetch dish bract bud
The spray painting of 3~5min is carried out to nozzle, bract bud First Year is not picked common vetch dish, and thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains one
Major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height between 1.4~1.6m, and second year early August plants on the ground at second kind
Rye grass is broadcasted sowing, adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g pak-chors per 1kg seeds before ryegrass seed sowing
4~4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution dilute 10 times for bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors and are formulated, bacillus subtilis
OD in bacterium GB03 mother liquors600For 0.8~1.0, ryegrass seed is mixed and spread with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam after seed soaking
It broadcasts, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, and Ryegrass Growth is used as agriculture to harvesting for the first time is carried out during 40~45cm of plant height
Herding grass, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promote rye grass tiller and regeneration, rye grass regrow to plant height 35~
Aftercrop is carried out during 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of first and second planting site, aftercrop
When 1~3cm of toothing, during September part, the planting hole for digging 50cm depth on the ground is planted at second kind, it is green to put into 2.0kg in the bottom of planting hole
Then fertilizer is compacted with 1.5kg poultry mucks, 2.0kg cake fertilizer, covering mulch carries out decomposed, the decomposed liftoff film of recession, to planting hole
Interior fertilizer stir spreading, and plants 3~4 years raw tea seedlings during November, tea tree be located at the inside of thorn Chinese fir and with thorn China fir
Set interval-staggered, stopping irrigation after the Frost's Descent；It plants at first kind since second year, before rye grass and leaf bedding and spreads on the ground
Apply selenium-rich clay fertilizer, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for the first planting site per acre, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure,
0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
S4：Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) and apply Tea Industry punching fertilising to tealeaves
And poultry muck, the applied amount of poultry muck is 160~170kg/ mus, once helps bud fertile the application of common vetch dish in 3, April, tea
Night opens the spray painting that Bidirectional spray head carries out 3~5min daily after leaf germination and common vetch dish bract bud, and 4~May is to common vetch dish picking 3
~4 times, the 3rd year tealeaves is only trimmed without picking, and the 4th year starts to pick tealeaves, to piercing the dwarf branch of Chinese fir
Item is trimmed, its height is made to be no more than 1.5m, and autumn broadcasts sowing rye grass, ryegrass seed sowing on first and second planting site
It is preceding to add 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, bacillus subtilis GB03 per 1kg seeds
Bacterium solution dilutes 10 times for bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors and is formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors600For 0.8~
1.0, ryegrass seed is mixed and broadcasted sowing with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam after seed soaking, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed
For 0.8kg, the Ryegrass Growth on first and second planting site is herded to harvesting for the first time is carried out during 40~45cm of plant height as farming animals
Grass, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promote rye grass tiller and regeneration, and the rye grass of first kind of plant ground regrows
To carried out during 35~40cm of plant height aftercrop and by the herbage of harvesting and leaf bedding the first planting site earth's surface, the
It is turned over and is embedded in the soil of the second planting site after rye grass maturation on two planting sites, stopped irrigating after the Frost's Descent, help the bud fertilizer to be
Fiery loam and people's retention of urine liquid/urea mixed preparing obtain；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized and mixed by 1 mass ratio matches somebody with somebody
Fermentation substrate is made, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C by 5 mass ratio,
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The plantation of common vetch dish, most important is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also flood afraid of water, and to life
Long soil is extremely harsh.The irrigation system that the present invention is made up of the transformation in above-mentioned hillside forest land, ditch, enables to current equal
The entire hillside forest land of even irrigation, at the same the water level control in ditch less than first planting site 12~17cm of earth's surface, ensure common vetch
The happiness water of dish irrigates and is not in waterlogging, and common vetch dish is planted close to Ba Geng bottoms, to be got well more than level land planting effect, common vetch
Dish is influenced by Ba Geng so that new cauline leaf is grown to away from Ba Geng one sides so that the plant hormone in it stimulates root to sprout
More gemma are sent, improve yield, while the setting of Ba Geng, the first can be caused to plant current above ground and do not planted from first kind
The earth's surface on ground is trickled and is penetrated into from its underpart in ditch, prevents common vetch dish waterlogging, in addition, the Ba Geng that stone heap is built, it can be in forest land
The initial stage of transformation plays fixation, and landslide causes hillside forest land to be ruined when preventing rainy season；Bidirectional spray head sprays in short-term at night,
Simulated rainwater day so that rainwater sparse spray in part promotes the growth of common vetch dish bud so that the more overstriking of common vetch dish bud on common vetch dish bud
It is strong；The improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously matches so that common vetch dish in the optimal demand that acidity and fertilizer are supported more with the growth of common vetch dish
More sturdy, in addition rye grass can vegetate in the soil property of the first planting site, and the rye grass of harvesting, leaf are covered
Lid so that common vetch dish can be preferably overwintering, ensure the common vetch dish coming year germination spore, rye grass, leaf rot and help bud fertilizer apply
Add the fertility that can be good at supplementing the first planting site and adjust acidity so that common vetch dish can be picked every year.Pierce Chinese fir
The cost of breeding is low, survival rate is high, growth is fast, after cutting down its major branch, can go out substantial amounts of new talent in tree stump director, can be quick
The fence of shading is formed in the periphery of common vetch dish, ensures demand of the common vetch dish to growing environment, while shortens the week of entire forest land transformation
Phase.Certainly, it is above-mentioned simply simply to illustrate the main function that each factor is individually played the role of, by the mutually coordinated of each factor,
Common vetch dish is enabled all to carry out the picking of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish picked is sturdy, quality is good.
And common vetch colza plant is carried out using above-mentioned improvement soil and selenium-rich clay fertilizer, Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish,
The Se content in common vetch dish can be effectively improved, Se content about improves 3~4 times in the dry common vetch dish of harvest, and compost maturity is exactly that agricultural is raw
The means of common green manure compost maturity in production.
Detailed scheme is：
The height of Ba Geng is 60~80cm, and improvement soil fills out whole thickness as 30~35cm, and improvement soil is filled out under flood
Side is provided with sandy soils, and Ba Geng bottoms are extended in sandy soils.Plantation tea tree, tea tree on the ground are planted after second year at second kind to be located at
Pierce Chinese fir inside and with thorn Chinese fir it is interval-staggered.Bud fertilizer is helped to prepare to obtain for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid.The
After 2 years, pierce Chinese fir trunk is larger and also tree stump at dwarf branch item it is also in great numbers, just as forming a hedge in the outside in ditch
Larger tea seedling is planted on column on the inside of it at this time, and tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growing, due to planting tea tree, second kind of plant
What the ground level on ground was set is more than first 10~15cm of planting site ground level, and more crop interplantings improve entire economic benefit.
Moreover, thorn Chinese fir, common vetch dish are all the crops that insect pest will not occur, by interplanting, large stretch of Tea planting can be eliminated and easily occurred
The phenomenon that pest and disease damage, improves the economic benefit of entire agricultural.
In addition, feces of livestock and poultry rich in Organic Selenium and weeds, lime, the ripe obtained selenium-rich fertilizer of cake fertilizer mixed compaction heap and
The application of poultry muck after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), the Organic Selenium in poultry muck can effectively be absorbed by tea tree so that Selenium Content in tea is big
Big to improve, Se content is 1.8 times or more of Se content in the brewed millet paste of ordinary tea leaves in the brewed millet paste of tealeaves.Tealeaves punching is applied
Fertilizer should be compared with using before poultry muck, and tealeaves punching fertilising can effectively facilitate absorption of the tea oil tree to organic selenium fertilizer, in addition may also function as
Premunition is strong, the effect of volume increase.
Above-mentioned technical proposal can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and after the 3rd year every year can to common vetch dish into
Row picking, the fresh leaf of tealeaves is stout and strong, is not in pest and disease damage phenomenon.
Description of the drawings
The structure diagram in ditch is opened up in Fig. 1 slope surfaces；
Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of slope surface.
Specific embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out specifically with reference to embodiments
It is bright.It should be appreciated that following word is only used to one or more of specific embodiments of the description present invention, not to the present invention
The protection domain specifically asked carries out considered critical.
Following Examples 1 to 2 are in my company (ten thousand grass of Anqing, thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) and Wuhu perseverance promise energy
Technology Co., Ltd., the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd joint development
Middle progress, gemma refer to send tender white gemma on the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants, and gemma is picked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine
Liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparings obtain, and urea water is prepared to obtain for 100~200g urea and 1L water.In following embodiments 1,2 not
The specific amount of application of fertilizer clearly stated, those skilled in the art can in right amount be made according to the effect of fertilizer and use age
With ensureing the reliable plant of crops, in addition, in entire planting process, be required for carrying out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the behaviour such as desinsection
Make.In the present invention unless otherwise instructed, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
For improvement soil used to be made in embodiment 3~6, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is to be made in embodiment 7~9 in embodiment 1,2
, the improvement in hillside forest land is specifically as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Tealeaves punching fertilising ploughs the punching fertilising of board tea tree, application method for the cloud of Zhengzhou Yun Geng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd production
It rushes for dilution and applies trickle irrigation for 800-1200 times, dropper punching per acre applies 2.0 kilograms；Certainly the tealeaves punching of other companies production can also be used
Fertilising is used, and has obtained same effect.The excrement that poultry muck is collected for raising livestock and poultry；According to 6:3:1 mass ratio will
Sorghum, wheat, soybean, which crush, is hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio adds yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing
The product of fermentation and feed be mixed for raising livestock and poultry by water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, to the excrement of livestock and poultry into
Row is collected.
Embodiment 1
Fire line is held successfully in selected hillside forest land and carries out refining mountain, selects fine day handle ground is burned to grill thoroughly, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
It roots out, by hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up respectively along the contour on hillside, adjacent kind
It plants and is built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap on the outside of the slope surface between ground 11, offer ditch 13 in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 is along kind
The length direction for planting ground 11 opens up and is arranged at intervals compartment 131 in ditch 13 along its length, and compartment 131 separates ditch 13
Into each sink, first and second flowing water mouth 132 on the both ends compartment 131 of each sink is set respectively, is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of sink
Three flowing water mouths 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and the smaller flowing water mouth of height in first and second flowing water mouth 132 on same sink
Height be consistent (height at such as first-class mouth of a river be less than the second mouth of a river height, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 with
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), the compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, on adjacent ditch 13
3rd flowing water mouth 133 arranges that the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation in interleaved shape, the dam ridge 12 it is upper
The sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape arrangement is provided on the outside of portion, is arranged at intervals with Bidirectional spray head on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe, the one of Bidirectional spray head
The one side away from Ba Geng, water are directed toward in the oblique side wall for being directed toward Ba Geng in water outlet direction, another water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head obliquely
Planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 positioned at 13 inside of ditch and the second planting site positioned at 13 outside of ditch by ditch 13
112, the first planting site 111 fills out whole form using improvement soil；The height on the dam ridge 12 is 60~80cm, and improvement soil fills out whole thickness
It spends for 30~35cm, improvement soil, which is filled out on the downside of flood, is provided with sandy soils 15, and 12 bottom of the dam ridge is extended in sandy soils 15,
The width of first planting site 111 is 30~40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1~1.2m；
Then spring be spaced on the second planting site 112 plant 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings, spacing in the rows 1.5m, thorn China fir seedling into
The trunk for piercing Chinese fir seedling is clipped after work and preservative treatment is carried out to truncated position, tufted at the tree stump of China fir is pierced and grows thorn China fir seedling,
The common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is planted on the first planting site 111 close to interval at 12 bottom of the dam ridge in the autumn in the same year
It plants, plants the width of plant hole as 20~25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, is transplanted by spacing in the rows 15cm, and during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a should
Transplantation with soil does not hinder root system, and root water is poured after cultivation, and pours water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than first
12~17cm of ground level of planting site 111 stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent and in one layer of tree of earth's surface bedding of the first planting site 111
Leaf, the leaf and pine needle that optional miscellaneous tree descends slowly and lightly carry out bedding；
Second year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening is two-way after common vetch dish bract bud
Nozzle carries out the spray painting of 3~5min, before gemma and carries out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water after gemma and carries seedling, bract bud First Year is not
Common vetch dish is picked, thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains a major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height exist
Between 1.4~1.6m, second year early August plants at second kind broadcasts sowing rye grass on the ground, per 1kg seeds before ryegrass seed sowing
It is withered grass bud to add 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution
Spore bacillus GB03 mother liquors dilute 10 times and are formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors600It is black after seed soaking for 0.8~1.0
Wheat straw seed is mixed and broadcasted sowing with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam, and the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, rye
Grass carries out harvesting for the first time as farming animals herbage when growing to 40~45cm of plant height, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promotes
Rye grass tiller and regeneration, rye grass are regrowed to carrying out aftercrop during 35~40cm of plant height and by the herbage of harvesting
With leaf bedding in the earth's surface of first and second planting site, 1~3cm of toothing during aftercrop during September part, plants on the ground at second kind
The planting hole of 50cm depths is dug, 2.0kg green manure is put into the bottom of planting hole, then with 1.5kg poultry mucks, 2.0kg cake fertilizer
Compacting, covering mulch carry out decomposed, and the liftoff film of decomposed recession stir spreading to the fertilizer in planting hole, and when November plants
3~4 years raw tea seedlings of kind, tea tree are located at the inside of thorn Chinese fir and, the Frost's Descent after stopping irrigation interval-staggered with thorn Chinese fir；From
Second year starts, and is planted before herbage (i.e. rye grass) and leaf bedding at first kind and spreads fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is spread
The amount of applying spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for the first planting site per acre.
Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) irrigate and to tealeaves apply Tea Industry punching fertilising and
Poultry muck, the applied amount of poultry muck is 160~170kg/ mus, once helps bud fertile the application of common vetch dish in 3, April, tealeaves
Germination and common vetch dish bract bud after daily night open Bidirectional spray head carry out 3~5min spray painting, 4~May to common vetch dish picking 3~
4 times, the 3rd year tealeaves is only trimmed without picking, and the 4th year starts to pick tealeaves, to piercing the dwarf branch item of Chinese fir
It is trimmed, its height is made to be no more than 1.5m, the dwarf branch item for piercing Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is made to be no more than 1.5m, autumn
Rye grass is broadcasted sowing on first and second planting site, adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium per 1kg seeds before ryegrass seed sowing
Liquid and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution dilute 10 times for bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors
It is formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors600For 0.8~1.0, ryegrass seed and 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate after seed soaking,
10kg fire loam, which is mixed, to be broadcasted sowing, and the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, the rye grass life on first and second planting site
Long to be used as farming animals herbage to the harvesting for the first time of progress during 40~45cm of plant height, 5~8cm of toothing during harvesting, promotes rye for the first time
Careless tiller and regeneration, the rye grass of first kind of plant ground regrow to progress aftercrop during 35~40cm of plant height and will receive
The herbage cut and leaf bedding are turned over after the rye grass maturation of second kind of plant ground and are embedded in second in the earth's surface of the first planting site
In the soil of planting site, bud fertilizer is helped to prepare to obtain for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid.
Embodiment 2
Fire line is held successfully in selected hillside forest land and carries out refining mountain, selects fine day handle ground is burned to grill thoroughly, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
It roots out, by hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up respectively along the contour on hillside, adjacent kind
It plants and is built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap on the outside of the slope surface between ground 11, offer ditch 13 in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 is along kind
The length direction for planting ground 11 opens up and is arranged at intervals compartment 131 in ditch 13 along its length, and compartment 131 separates ditch 13
Into each sink, first and second flowing water mouth 132 on the both ends compartment 131 of each sink is set respectively, is opened up on the cell wall on the outside of sink
Three flowing water mouths 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and the smaller flowing water mouth of height in first and second flowing water mouth 132 on same sink
Height be consistent (height at such as first-class mouth of a river be less than the second mouth of a river height, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 with
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), 131 and the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 of compartment on adjacent ditch 13 is in interleaved shape respectively
Arrangement, the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land are connected with water supply installation, and the upper outside on the dam ridge 12 is provided with the spray of horizontal shape arrangement
Water pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with Bidirectional spray head, the oblique side for being directed toward Ba Geng in a water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe
Wall, another water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head are directed toward the one side away from Ba Geng obliquely, and planting site 11 is divided by ditch 13 to be located at
The first planting site 111 and the second planting site 112 positioned at 13 outside of ditch of 13 inside of ditch, the first planting site 111, which uses, to be changed
Good soil fill out it is whole form, the height on the dam ridge 12 is 60~80cm, and improvement soil fills out whole thickness as 30~35cm, improves soil
Fill out and sandy soils be provided on the downside of flood, 12 bottom of the dam ridge is extended in sandy soils, the width of the first planting site 111 for 30~
40cm, the width of the second planting site 112 is 1~1.2m；
Then spring be spaced on the second planting site 112 plant 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings, spacing in the rows 1.5m, thorn China fir seedling into
The trunk for piercing Chinese fir seedling is clipped after work and preservative treatment is carried out to truncated position, tufted at the tree stump of China fir is pierced and grows thorn China fir seedling,
Wild common vetch dish seedling 11a is transplanted on the first planting site 111 close to interval at 12 bottom of the dam ridge in the autumn in the same year,
The width of kind of plant hole is 20~25 centimetres, and size is 20 × 20cm, is transplanted by spacing in the rows 15cm, and during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a should band
Soil mud is planted, and does not hinder root system, root water is poured after cultivation, and is poured water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than the first
12~the 17cm of ground level on ground 111 is planted, stops irrigating and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of the first planting site 111 after the Frost's Descent,
The leaf and pine needle that optional miscellaneous tree descends slowly and lightly carry out bedding；
Second year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and daily night opening is two-way after common vetch dish bract bud
Nozzle carries out the spray painting of 3~5min, before gemma and carries out top dressing with loose stool water or urea water after gemma and carries seedling, bract bud First Year is not
Common vetch dish is picked, thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains a major branch, remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height exist
Between 1.4~1.6m, second year early August plants at second kind broadcasts sowing rye grass on the ground, per 1kg seeds before ryegrass seed sowing
It is withered grass bud to add 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution
Spore bacillus GB03 mother liquors dilute 10 times and are formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors600It is black after seed soaking for 0.8~1.0
Wheat straw seed is mixed and broadcasted sowing with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam, and the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, rye
Grass carries out harvesting for the first time as farming animals herbage when growing to 40~45cm of plant height, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promotes
Rye grass tiller and regeneration, rye grass are regrowed to carrying out aftercrop during 35~40cm of plant height and by the herbage of harvesting
With leaf bedding in the earth's surface of first and second planting site, 1~3cm of toothing during aftercrop during September part, plants on the ground at second kind
The planting hole of 50cm depths is dug, 2.0kg green manure is put into the bottom of planting hole, then with 1.5kg poultry mucks, 2.0kg cake fertilizer
Compacting, covering mulch carry out decomposed, and the liftoff film of decomposed recession stir spreading to the fertilizer in planting hole, and when November plants
3~4 years raw tea seedlings of kind, tea tree are located at the inside of thorn Chinese fir and, the Frost's Descent after stopping irrigation interval-staggered with thorn Chinese fir；From
Second year starts, and is planted before herbage (i.e. rye grass/rye grass) and leaf bedding at first kind and spreads fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, selenium-rich soil
The amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for the first planting site per acre.
Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) and apply Tea Industry punching fertilising and poultry muck to tealeaves, the applied amount of poultry muck is 160
~170kg/ mus, once help bud fertile the application of common vetch dish in 3, April, night opening is double daily after tealeaves germination and common vetch dish bract bud
The spray painting of 3~5min is carried out to nozzle, 4~May common vetch dish is picked 3~4 times, the 3rd year tealeaves is only carried out without picking
Trimming, the 4th year starts to pick tealeaves, and the dwarf branch item for piercing Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is made to be no more than 1.5m, right
The dwarf branch item of thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, its height is made to be no more than 1.5m, autumn broadcasts sowing rye grass on first and second planting site, black
Add 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, withered grass per 1kg seeds before the sowing of wheat straw seed
Bacillus GB03 bacterium solutions dilute 10 times for bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors and are formulated, in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors
OD600For 0.8~1.0, ryegrass seed is mixed and broadcasted sowing with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam after seed soaking, rye grass seeds
The mu amount of broadcasting sowing of son is 0.8kg, and Ryegrass Growth on first and second planting site is to carrying out first time harvesting during 40~45cm of plant height
As farming animals herbage, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promotes rye grass tiller and regeneration, the rye grass of first kind of plant ground
It regrows to progress aftercrop during 35~40cm of plant height and by the herbage of harvesting and leaf bedding in the first planting site
Earth's surface is turned over and is embedded in the soil of the second planting site after the rye grass maturation of second kind of plant ground, helps bud fertilizer as 50kg fire fertilizer
Soil and 10L people's retention of urine liquid are prepared to obtain.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of common vetch dish is 2000~2500 plants per acre, produces 350 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year per acre,
The length of fresh common vetch dish is picked as 15~20cm, the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8~1.2cm, the fibrosis journey of fresh common vetch dish
Spend low, Se content in common vetch dish is high, and Se content is about 3~4 times of common common vetch dish in dry common vetch dish obtained.
Traditional level land plantation, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500~6000 plants, produces 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes, picking per year per acre
The length of fresh common vetch dish is 15~20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3~0.6cm, the fibrosis journey on fresh common vetch dish surface
Degree is high.
Tealeaves was picked in above-described embodiment 1,2 since the 4th year, the tealeaves fertilizer of picking is tender, and tealeaves is not in disease pest
Evil, per mu yield dry tea 108kg or so, Se content is 1.8 of Se content in the brewed millet paste of ordinary tea leaves in the brewed millet paste of tealeaves
Times or more.
Embodiment 3
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.4:0.2 weight ratio mixed preparing is changed
Good soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and is digged 2 times for the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field June, fiery
The fire ash that loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land native (hillside forest land native country) according to 1：2 weight ratio mixed preparing
It obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing is rotten through compost for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenites
Ripe to obtain, poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed mixed preparing by 1 mass ratio
Into fermentation substrate, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C by 5 mass ratio, will
The product and feed of fermentation carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
Improve soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and is digged 3 times by the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field March,
The fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich is mixed
Expect to obtain through compost maturity for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenites, poultry
Muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate by 1 mass ratio,
According to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C by 5 mass ratio, by the product of fermentation and
Feed carries out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing is changed
Good soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and is digged 3 times for the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field April, fiery
The fire ash that loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich is mixed
Expect to obtain through compost maturity for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites, poultry
Muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate by 1 mass ratio,
According to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C by 5 mass ratio, by the product of fermentation and
Feed carries out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.4:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
Improve soil, dry land soil is not sowed crop during dry field and is digged 2 times by the paddy soils that is taken after rice terrace draining dry field April,
The fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich
Batch mixing obtains for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites through compost maturity, fowl
Animal manure fertilizer obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation bottom by 1 mass ratio
Object, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the production of fermentation by 5 mass ratio
Object and feed carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 3~6, acid-base value and fertility are all particularly suitable for the production of common vetch dish, because
This, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, and fertilizer efficiency persistently improves the yield of common vetch dish, and wherein Organic Selenium can effectively be inhaled by common vetch dish
It receives, improves the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean
Fermentation substrate is hybridly prepared into, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water at 28 DEG C at fermentation by 5 mass ratio
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry by reason 70 days, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 8
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean
Fermentation substrate is hybridly prepared into, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water at 28 DEG C at fermentation by 5 mass ratio
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry by reason 70 days, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 9
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean
Fermentation substrate is hybridly prepared into, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water at 28 DEG C at fermentation by 5 mass ratio
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry by reason 70 days, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
It is larger to the loss of soil after common vetch dish grows harvesting every year, thus it is annual need to carry out soil fertility supplement and
Acid-base value is adjusted, and the selenium-rich clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 7~9, acid-base value is higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish,
It uses, effectively the acid-base value of soil can be adjusted before bedding herbage and leaf, while supplement fertility and Organic Selenium, ensure
The annual high yield output of selenium-rich common vetch dish.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, after content described in the present invention is known, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also be made several
Equal conversion and replacement, these, which convert and substitute on an equal basis, also should be regarded as belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf cultural method for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity refers in hillside interplanting in woodland common vetch dish, tealeaves, the side for piercing China fir
Method specifically includes following operating procedure：
S1：By hillside forest land site preparation into staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up respectively along the contour on hillside, adjacent plantation
It is built a dam the ridge using stone heap on the outside of slope surface between ground, each planting site middle part offers ditch, length side of the ditch along planting site
To opening up and be arranged at intervals compartment in ditch along its length, ditch is separated into each sink by compartment, the both ends of each sink every
First and second flowing water mouth in section is set respectively, opens up the 3rd flowing water mouth on the cell wall on the outside of sink, the 3rd flowing water mouth on same sink
Height and the height of the smaller flowing water mouth of height is consistent in first and second flowing water mouth, the compartment on adjacent ditch is in interval
Staggered arrangement, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch arrange that the top ditch in hillside forest land is filled with supplying water in interleaved shape
It puts and is connected, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement, and two-way spray is arranged at intervals on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe
Head, the oblique side wall for being directed toward Ba Geng in a water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head, another water outlet direction of Bidirectional spray head are directed toward far obliquely
Planting site is divided into the first planting site on the inside of ditch and second on the outside of ditch by the one side wall from Ba Geng, ditch
Planting site, the first planting site using improvement soil fill out it is whole form, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fire are fertile
Soil is according to 1:1:0.4:0.2~1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining dry field 3
The paddy soils taken after~June do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2~3 times, and fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds are burnt
Into fire ash with forest land soil according to 1:2~3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime,
4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
S2：Spring plants 4~5 years raw thorn Chinese fir seedlings of interval plant on the ground at second kind then, and thorn China fir seedling will pierce Chinese fir after surviving
The trunk of seedling is clipped and carries out preservative treatment to truncated position, pierces tufted at the butt of China fir and grows thorn China fir seedling, in the autumn in the same year
Artificial propagation/wild common vetch dish seedling is planted at first kind and transplanted on the ground close to interval at Ba Geng bottoms, and filled in ditch
Water, and the water surface elevation in ditch is less than 12~17cm of ground level of the first planting site, stops irrigating and first after the Frost's Descent
One layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding of planting site；
S3：Second year starts to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), and 4~May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and night opens two-way spray daily after common vetch dish bract bud
Head carries out the spray painting of 3~5min, and bract bud First Year is not picked common vetch dish, and thorn Chinese fir is trimmed, retains a major branch,
Remaining thorn China fir seedling, which carries out plucking top, makes its height between 1.4~1.6m, second year early August planted at second kind broadcast sowing on the ground it is black
Wheat straw, add before ryegrass seed sowing per 1kg seeds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g pak-chors 4~
4.5h, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution dilute 10 times for bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors and are formulated, bacillus subtilis
OD in GB03 mother liquors600For 0.8~1.0, ryegrass seed is mixed and spread with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam after seed soaking
It broadcasts, the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg, and Ryegrass Growth is used as agriculture to harvesting for the first time is carried out during 40~45cm of plant height
Herding grass, 5~8cm of toothing when gathering in for the first time promote rye grass tiller and regeneration, rye grass regrow to plant height 35~
Aftercrop is carried out during 40cm and by the herbage of harvesting and leaf bedding in the earth's surface of first and second planting site, aftercrop
When 1~3cm of toothing, during September part, the planting hole for digging 50cm depth on the ground is planted at second kind, it is green to put into 2.0kg in the bottom of planting hole
Then fertilizer is compacted with 1.5kg poultry mucks, 2.0kg cake fertilizer, covering mulch carries out decomposed, the decomposed liftoff film of recession, to planting hole
Interior fertilizer stir spreading, and plants 3~4 years raw tea seedlings during November, tea tree be located at the inside of thorn Chinese fir and with thorn China fir
Set interval-staggered, stopping irrigation after the Frost's Descent；It plants at first kind since second year, before rye grass and leaf bedding and spreads on the ground
Apply selenium-rich clay fertilizer, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields 120~150kg for the first planting site per acre, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure,
0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
S4：Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Start to irrigate after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) and apply tealeaves punching fertilising and fowl to tealeaves
Animal manure fertilizer, the applied amount of poultry muck is 160~170kg/ mus, once helps bud fertile the application of common vetch dish in 3, April, tealeaves germination
And daily night opening Bidirectional spray head carries out the spray painting of 3~5min after common vetch dish bract bud, 4~May common vetch dish is picked 3~4 times,
3rd year tealeaves is only trimmed without picking, and the 4th year starts to pick tealeaves, and the dwarf branch item for piercing Chinese fir is carried out
Trimming makes its height be no more than 1.5m, and autumn broadcasts sowing rye grass on first and second planting site, per 1kg before ryegrass seed sowing
Seed adds 2kg bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solutions and 1.5g 4~4.5h of pak-chor, bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterium solution to be withered
Careless bacillus GB03 mother liquors dilute 10 times and are formulated, OD in bacillus subtilis GB03 mother liquors600For 0.8~1.0, seed soaking
Ryegrass seed is mixed and broadcasted sowing with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate, 10kg fire loam afterwards, and the mu amount of broadcasting sowing of ryegrass seed is 0.8kg,
Ryegrass Growth on first and second planting site is used as farming animals herbage to harvesting for the first time is carried out during 40~45cm of plant height, for the first time
5~8cm of toothing during harvesting, promotes rye grass tiller and regeneration, the rye grass of first kind of plant ground regrow to plant height 35~
Carried out during 40cm aftercrop and by the herbage of harvesting and leaf bedding the first planting site earth's surface, second kind of plant ground
It is turned over and is embedded in the soil of the second planting site after rye grass maturation, stop irrigating after the Frost's Descent, help bud fertilizer as fiery loam and people and animals
Urine/urea mixed preparing obtains；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared by 1 mass ratio
Fermentation substrate, according to 1:Yeast selenium and fermentation substrate mixing are added water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, will sent out by 5 mass ratio
The product and feed of ferment carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. the selenium-enriched tea leaf cultural method according to claim 1 for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity, it is characterised in that：The height of Ba Geng
For 60~80cm, improvement soil fills out whole thickness as 30~35cm, and improvement soil, which is filled out, is provided with sandy soils on the downside of flood, Ba Geng
Bottom is extended in sandy soils.
3. the selenium-enriched tea leaf cultural method according to claim 1 for being capable of anti-parasitosis calamity, it is characterised in that：The bud fertilizer is helped to be
50kg fire loam and 10L people and animals' urines are prepared to obtain.
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