CN104705147B - A kind of method for planting of blueberry - Google Patents
A kind of method for planting of blueberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN104705147B CN104705147B CN201510161979.5A CN201510161979A CN104705147B CN 104705147 B CN104705147 B CN 104705147B CN 201510161979 A CN201510161979 A CN 201510161979A CN 104705147 B CN104705147 B CN 104705147B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for planting of blueberry, specifically include 3~June of agricultural drain dry field, crop is not sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, in farmland, heap builds first, two ridges, whole form is filled out using the first improvement soil to first ridge to be used to plant common vetch dish, whole form is filled out using the second improvement soil to second ridge to be used to plant blueberry, second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 60~70 parts by weight, the sand of 15~20 parts by weight, the crushing pine needle of 0.01~0.02 parts by weight, the wood fragments bits of 0.1~0.2 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.02~0.025 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the PH of second improvement soil is 4.2~4.8.In the technical solution of above-mentioned offer, common vetch dish, the survival rate of blueberry, yield are high, and can pick for many years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, and in particular to a kind of method for planting of blueberry.
Background technology
Blueberry is a kind of extremely abundant berry of nutrition, and having prevents cranial nerve aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer softening blood vessel, increasing
The functions such as strong man's immunity of organism.Requiring its growth soil for blueberry is extremely stringent so that plantation is limited extensively for it.Yuexi County
Locate Dabie Mountain again, belong to remote countryside, there are substantial amounts of terraced fields, due to that can not realize mechanization production, can only lean on traditional labor
Power farming, therefore the economic benefit of agricultural is extremely low, most of farmlands are no longer cultivated.Local government also has by developing mountain vegetables
Improved, be that its adaptation promoted extension is limited at that time, and economic benefit is low.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for planting of blueberry, it can effectively solve the above problems, in terraced fields
Blueberry is planted, improves the agricultural economy of locality.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of method for planting of blueberry, the method for referring to interplant blueberry, common vetch dish in farmland, specifically includes following operation step
Suddenly：
Step 1：By 3~June of agricultural drain dry field, crop is not sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, is risen in farmland
Ridge is in first and second ridge that arrangement shape is interval-staggered with forming the first ridge of strip with the second ridge, the height on the second ridge ground
More than the height on the first ridge ground, the first ridge using first improvement soil fill out it is whole form, first improvement soil for dry land soil, peat
Soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam are according to 1:1:0.4:0.2~1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains, dry land soil
By the paddy soils taken after 3~June of agricultural drain dry field, fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till fire ash and forest land soil
According to 1:2~3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks,
0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；Second ridge using second improvement soil fill out it is whole form, second
Improve soil by the dry land soil of 60~70 parts by weight, the sand of 15~20 parts by weight, 0.01~0.02 parts by weight crushing pine needle,
The wood fragments bits of 0.1~0.2 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.02~0.025 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, second
The PH for improveing soil is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；First ridge side set branch
Frame, the sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement is set on stent, is arranged at intervals with nozzle on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe, the water outlet direction of nozzle is oblique
The first ridge of lower direction；
Step 2：First Year at the beginning of 10 months by the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation, on the first ridge, transplanted on the ground by interval, is stopped after the Frost's Descent
Only irrigate and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding on the first ridge ground；10 end of the month, southern high clump blueberry was planted at interval on the second ridge on the ground
Potted-plant container seedling, 1.2~1.5m of spacing in the rows；
Step 3：Daily night opens the spray painting that nozzle carries out 3~5min after second year common vetch dish bract bud, and bract bud First Year is not
Common vetch dish is picked, management of the second year for blueberry is：Remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, 6~July per acre the
Apply to two ridges the decomposed muck of 120~150kg and the peat soil of 40~50kg, decomposed muck is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime,
4.0kg poultry mucks are obtained through compost maturity；Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, by it after clover maturation
Cut receipts and leaf together bedding first and second ridge ground earth's surface, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate, since second year, clover and tree
Spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground on the first ridge before leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer for spread fertilizer over the fields to the first ridge 120 per acre~
150kg, selenium-rich clay fertilizer are 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites through heap
Fertilizer is decomposed to be obtained；
Step 4：Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Apply after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to the first ridge decomposed manure and
Urea, the applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mus, and the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mus, and night opens daily after common vetch dish bract bud
Nozzle carries out the spray painting of 3~5min, 4~May common vetch dish is picked 3~4 times；For blueberry, based on third and fourth Nian Yizhuan tree,
Small and weak branch is removed, removes part bud, the yield of the 3rd year every plant of blueberry is controlled in below 0.8kg, increased year by year later, right
Blueberry is trimmed every year, its height is no more than 1.8m, and blueberry applies to the second ridge the fowl of 150~200kg per acre before blooming
The composite fertilizer of animal manure fertilizer and 20~30kg, blueberry pluck apply to the second ridge per acre after fruit the decomposed muck of 120~150kg and 40~
The peat soil of 50kg, mid-September broadcast sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, receipts and leaf are cut after clover maturation together
Bedding is in the earth's surface on first and second ridge ground, stopping irrigation after the Frost's Descent；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized and mixed by 1 mass ratio matches somebody with somebody
Fermentation substrate is made, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C,
The product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The height on the first ridge ground is 25~30cm, and the width on the first ridge ground is 40~50cm, and the height on the second ridge ground is 45
~50cm, the width on the second ridge ground is 1.4~2m.
The plantation of common vetch dish, most important is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also flood afraid of water, and to life
Long soil is extremely harsh.For the present invention by the transformation in above-mentioned farmland, the irrigation system that furrow is formed, enables to uniform fluid flow
Irrigate whole farmland, the water level control in furrow is prevented from having an impact blueberry, ensures that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated in below 3cm
And be not in waterlogging；Nozzle sprays in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater day so that and part rainwater is sparse to be sprayed on common vetch dish bud,
Promote the growth of common vetch dish bud so that common vetch dish bud is more sturdy；First improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation at the same time, is supported in acidity and fertilizer
Optimal demand more with the growth of common vetch dish matches so that common vetch dish is more sturdy, and in addition clover can be in the soil on first and second ridge ground
Vegetate in matter, the clover of harvesting, leaf are covered so that common vetch dish can be preferably overwintering, ensures common vetch dish coming year hair
Gemma, clover, the rotten fertility that can be good at supplementing the first ridge ground and adjusting acidity of leaf so that common vetch dish every year can
Enough picked.Certainly, it is above-mentioned simply simply to illustrate the main function that each factor is individually played, pass through the mutual association of each factor
Tune acts on so that common vetch dish can all carry out the picking of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish picked is sturdy, and quality is good.
And common vetch colza plant is carried out using the above-mentioned first improvement soil and selenium-rich clay fertilizer, Organic Selenium can effectively be inhaled by common vetch dish
Receive, it can effectively improve the Se content in common vetch dish, and Se content about improves 3~4 times in the dry common vetch dish of harvest, and compost maturity is exactly agriculture
The means of the upper common green manure compost maturity of industry production.
In above-mentioned second improvement soil, pine needle meal, wood fragments bits and sand adjust the gap of dry land soil so that blueberry can be
Second improvement soil is survived and grown, and the Tea Saponin and anthocyanin in Extracted From Oil-tea-cake can promote surviving for blueberry seedling, while can
Organic matter is provided and prevents the growth of moss, the PH that Cosan is adjusted adapts to blueberry growth, using conditioned soil provided by the invention
Earth plants blueberry, and blueberry survival rate is reachable very (removing blueberry seedling downright bad problem in itself), and blueberry fast growing and production
Amount improves.In addition Yuexi area has the pine needle woods of sheet and tea oil tree, pine needle to derive from a wealth of sources, and the tea seed cake after tea seed squeezing obtains
Efficiently use, solve the problems, such as that Extracted From Oil-tea-cake stacks pollution, local timber processing and medicinal material (such as Poria cocos, rhizoma Gastrodiae) plant cutting for timber
It is disconnected, substantial amounts of wood sawdust can be produced so that and the preparation cost of the second improvement soil is extremely low, while to the excrement of livestock-raising generation
Utilized, beautified the environment, form circulation, the agricultural economy system of sustainable development.
More specifically scheme is：Sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of Yuexi locality, and degreasing tea seed cake is tea oil
Seed squeeze after tea oil that a remaining blob of slag is naturally outdoor and spread 2 months after tea seed cake.In addition the changes in temperature weather of Yuexi and the light in winter
The growth of southern high clump blueberry also is adapted for according to condition.
Above-mentioned technical proposal can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and after the 3rd year every year can to common vetch dish into
Row picking.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram after the site preparation of farmland；
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section in farmland.
Embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out specifically with reference to embodiments
It is bright.It should be appreciated that following word only to describe the present invention one or more of specific embodiments, not to the present invention
The protection domain specifically asked carries out considered critical.
Following embodiments 1~2 are in my company (thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd of the grass of Anqing ten thousand) and Wuhu perseverance promise energy
Technology Co., Ltd., the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd joint development
Middle progress, gemma refer to send tender white gemma on the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants, and gemma is picked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine
Liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparings obtain, and urea water is prepared to obtain for 100~200g urea and 1L water, unknown in following embodiments 1,2
The specific amount of application of fertilizer really illustrated, those skilled in the art can be made in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age
With ensureing the reliable plant of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, be required for carrying out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the behaviour such as desinsection
Make.In the present invention unless otherwise instructed, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
First improvement soil used is to be made in embodiment 3~6 in embodiment 1,2, and the second improvement soil is embodiment 7
It is made in~10, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is to be made in embodiment 11~13, and the improvement in farmland is specifically as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Embodiment 1
By 3~June of farmland (rice terrace) draining dry field, crop is not sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, in farmland
Ridging formed strip the first ridge 111 and second ridge 112, first and second ridge in arrangement shape it is interval-staggered, the second ridge
The height on ground 112 be more than the first ridge 111 height, the second ridge 112 for dry land soil form, the first ridge 111 use first
Improvement soil fill out it is whole form, the first ridge 111 sides stent Z1 is set, the sparge pipe 114 of horizontal shape arrangement, spray are set on stent Z1
Nozzle is arranged at intervals with the pipe shaft of water pipe 114, the water outlet direction of nozzle with being directed toward the first ridge obliquely；The height on the first ridge ground
For 25~30cm, the width on the first ridge ground is 40~45cm, and the height on the second ridge ground is 50~55cm, and the width on the second ridge ground is
The width of 1.8~2.5m, furrow L1 are 15~20cm；
First Year at the beginning of 10 months by the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation, on the first ridge, transplanted on the ground by interval, and the width for planting plant hole is
20~25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, is transplanted by spacing in the rows 15cm, and during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, does not hinder root system,
Root water is poured after cultivation, stops irrigating and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding on the first ridge ground after the Frost's Descent；10 end of the month the second ridge on the ground,
The Potted-plant container seedling of 2 years raw southern high clump blueberries of interval plantation, planting hole cave grow 50~60 centimetres, and cave is 40~50 centimetres wide, and cave is deep
30~40 centimetres, 1.2~1.5m of spacing in the rows；
Daily night opens the spray painting that nozzle carries out 3~5min after second year common vetch dish bract bud, and bract bud First Year is not to common vetch dish
Picked, management of the second year for blueberry is：Remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, 6~July the second ridge per acre
Apply the decomposed muck of 120kg and the peat soil of 50kg, decomposed muck is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks are through heap
Fertilizer is decomposed to be obtained；Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, and receipts are cut after clover maturation and leaf is spread together
The earth's surface on first and second ridge ground is covered, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent, since second year, on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding
Spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer to spread fertilizer over the fields to the first ridge 120kg per acre, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure,
0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), it is rotten
The applied amount of ripe organic fertilizer is 210kg/ mu, and the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud daily night opening nozzle into
The spray painting of 3~5min of row, 4~May pick common vetch dish 3~4 times；For blueberry, based on third and fourth Nian Yizhuan tree, remove weak
Small stems, removes part bud, the yield of the 3rd year every plant of blueberry is controlled in below 0.8kg, increased year by year later, every to blueberry
Year is trimmed, and its height is no more than 1.8m, blueberry applies to the second ridge the poultry muck and 20kg of 150kg per acre before blooming
Composite fertilizer, blueberry is plucked applies to the second ridge the decomposed muck of 150kg and the peat soil of 50kg after fruit per acre, mid-September first,
Two ridges on the ground broadcast sowing clover, cut after clover maturation receipts and leaf together bedding in the earth's surface on first and second ridge ground, the Frost's Descent
Stop irrigating afterwards.
Embodiment 2
By 3~June of farmland (rice terrace) draining dry field, crop is not sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, in farmland
Ridging formed strip the first ridge 111 and second ridge 112, first and second ridge in arrangement shape it is interval-staggered, the second ridge
The height on ground 112 be more than the first ridge 111 height, the second ridge 112 for dry land soil form, the first ridge 111 use first
Improvement soil fill out it is whole form, the first ridge 111 sides stent Z1 is set, the sparge pipe 114 of horizontal shape arrangement, spray are set on stent Z1
Nozzle is arranged at intervals with the pipe shaft of water pipe 114, the water outlet direction of nozzle with being directed toward the first ridge obliquely；The height on the first ridge ground
For 25~30cm, the width on the first ridge ground is 40~45cm, and the height on the second ridge ground is 50~55cm, and the width on the second ridge ground is
The width of 1.8~2.5m, furrow L1 are 15~20cm；
First Year at the beginning of 10 months by the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation, on the first ridge, transplanted on the ground by interval, and the width for planting plant hole is
20~25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, is transplanted by spacing in the rows 15cm, and during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, does not hinder root system,
Root water is poured after cultivation, stops irrigating and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding on the first ridge ground after the Frost's Descent；10 end of the month the second ridge on the ground,
The Potted-plant container seedling of 2 years raw southern high clump blueberries of interval plantation, planting hole cave grow 50~60 centimetres, and cave is 40~50 centimetres wide, and cave is deep
30~40 centimetres, 1.2~1.5m of spacing in the rows；
Daily night opens the spray painting that nozzle carries out 3~5min after second year common vetch dish bract bud, and bract bud First Year is not to common vetch dish
Picked, management of the second year for blueberry is：Remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, 6~July the second ridge per acre
Apply the decomposed muck of 150kg and the peat soil of 40kg, decomposed muck is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks are through heap
Fertilizer is decomposed to be obtained；Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, and receipts are cut after clover maturation and leaf is spread together
The earth's surface on first and second ridge ground is covered, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent, since second year, on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding
Spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer on the ground, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer to spread fertilizer over the fields to the first ridge 150kg per acre, selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure,
0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；
Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), it is rotten
The applied amount of ripe organic fertilizer is 210kg/ mu, and the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud daily night opening nozzle into
The spray painting of 3~5min of row, 4~May pick common vetch dish 3~4 times；For blueberry, based on third and fourth Nian Yizhuan tree, remove weak
Small stems, removes part bud, the yield of the 3rd year every plant of blueberry is controlled in below 0.8kg, increased year by year later, every to blueberry
Year is trimmed, and its height is no more than 1.8m, blueberry applies to the second ridge the poultry muck of 150~200kg per acre before blooming
With the composite fertilizer of 30kg, blueberry applies to the second ridge the decomposed muck of 150kg and the peat soil of 40kg, mid-September per acre after plucking fruit
First and second ridge on the ground broadcast sowing clover, cut after clover maturation receipts and leaf together bedding on the ground on first and second ridge ground
Table, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of common vetch dish is 1400~1500 plants per acre, and 264 kilograms or so of annual output is fresh per acre
Common vetch dish, the length for picking fresh common vetch dish are 15~20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8~1.2cm, the fiber of fresh common vetch dish
Change degree is low, and Se content in common vetch dish is high, and Se content is about 3~4 times of common common vetch dish in obtained dry common vetch dish.
Traditional level land plantation, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500~6000 plants, produces 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes, picking per year per acre
The length of fresh common vetch dish is 15~20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3~0.6cm, the fibrosis journey on fresh common vetch dish surface
Degree is high.
Meanwhile in above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of blueberry is about 200~220, a 180kg left sides can be picked within the 3rd year
The right side, can pick within the 4th year 270kg ..., yield increases year by year.Relative to traditional agricultural planting, 4~5 are increased economic efficiency
More than times.Common vetch dish, the survival rate of blueberry can reach 100%, and whole production cost is mainly the corruption of site preparation and organic fertilizer
Ripe operation.
Embodiment 3
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.4:0.2 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
One improvement soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and are digged 2 times by the paddy soils that is taken after agricultural drain dry field June,
Fiery loam is that (forest land soil is that the woods of Dabie Mountain Yuexi area pine forests is native to the fire ash that burns till of stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds with forest land soil
Or hillside slope soil, similarly hereinafter) according to 1：2 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime,
4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity, and poultry muck obtains with the following method：Press
According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate by 1 mass ratio, according to 1:5 mass ratio is by yeast selenium
Mixed with fermentation substrate, add water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out to be mixed for raising poultry
Fowl, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
First improvement soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and are digged 3 by the paddy soils that is taken after agricultural drain dry field March
Secondary, the fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich
Batch mixing obtains for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenites through compost maturity, fowl
Animal manure fertilizer obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation bottom by 1 mass ratio
Thing, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the production of fermentation
Thing and feed carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
One improvement soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and are digged 3 times by the paddy soils that is taken after agricultural drain dry field April,
The fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich
Batch mixing obtains for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites through compost maturity, fowl
Animal manure fertilizer obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation bottom by 1 mass ratio
Thing, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by the production of fermentation
Thing and feed carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
By dry land soil, peat soil, selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam according to 1.2:1:0.4:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains
First improvement soil, dry land soil are not sowed crop during dry field and are digged 2 by the paddy soils that is taken after agricultural drain dry field April
Secondary, the fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till is with forest land soil according to 1:2.5 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；It is rich
Selenium batch mixing obtains for 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenites through compost maturity,
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into fermentation by 1 mass ratio
Substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, by fermentation
Product and feed carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The the first improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 3~6, its acid-base value and fertility are all particularly suitable for the life of common vetch dish
Production, therefore, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, and fertilizer efficiency persistently improves the yield of common vetch dish, and wherein Organic Selenium can be effectively by common vetch
Dish absorbs, and improves the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Second improvement soil by the dry land soil of 60 parts by weight, the sand of 20 parts by weight, 0.02 parts by weight crushing pine needle,
The wood fragments bits of 0.1 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.025 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the second improvement soil
PH is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；Sand is the thickness of the yellowish-brown penus of Yuexi locality
The numb sand of layer, degreasing tea seed cake for tea seed squeeze after tea oil that a remaining blob of slag is naturally outdoor and spread 2 months after tea seed cake.
Embodiment 8
Second improvement soil by the dry land soil of 70 parts by weight, the sand of 15 parts by weight, 0.02 parts by weight crushing pine needle,
The wood fragments bits of 0.1 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.025 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the second improvement soil
PH is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；Sand is the thickness of the yellowish-brown penus of Yuexi locality
The numb sand of layer, degreasing tea seed cake for tea seed squeeze after tea oil that a remaining blob of slag is naturally outdoor and spread 2 months after tea seed cake.
Embodiment 9
Second improvement soil by the dry land soil of 65 parts by weight, the sand of 18 parts by weight, 0.015 parts by weight crushing pine needle,
The wood fragments bits of 0.15 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.02 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the second improvement soil
PH is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；Sand is the thickness of the yellowish-brown penus of Yuexi locality
The numb sand of layer, degreasing tea seed cake for tea seed squeeze after tea oil that a remaining blob of slag is naturally outdoor and spread 2 months after tea seed cake.
Embodiment 10
Second improvement soil by the dry land soil of 62 parts by weight, the sand of 18 parts by weight, 0.018 parts by weight crushing pine needle,
The wood fragments bits of 0.12 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.023 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the second improvement soil
PH is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；Sand is the thickness of the yellowish-brown penus of Yuexi locality
The numb sand of layer, degreasing tea seed cake for tea seed squeeze after tea oil that a remaining blob of slag is naturally outdoor and spread 2 months after tea seed cake.
The the second improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 7~10, its porosity, PH are very suitable for the life of suitable blueberry
Long, therefore, the blueberry shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, and in addition the content of organic matter is moderate, will not cause corruption to transplanting blueberry seedling root system
Rotten, Tea Saponin and anthocyanin in degreasing tea seed cake can promote surviving for blueberry seedling, while can prevent the life of moss and weeds
It is long.
Embodiment 11
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 12
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 13
Selenium-rich clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites pass through
Compost maturity obtains；Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:1 mass ratio crushes sorghum, wheat, soybean mixed
Conjunction is configured to fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 at 28 DEG C
My god, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
After common vetch dish grows harvesting every year, the loss to soil is larger, thus it is annual need to carry out soil fertility supplement and
Acid-base value is adjusted, and the selenium-rich clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 11~13, its acid-base value is higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish,
Used before bedding herbage and leaf, it effectively can be adjusted the acid-base value of soil, while supplement fertility and Organic Selenium, protect
Demonstrate,prove the annual high yield output of selenium-rich common vetch dish.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, after content described in the present invention is known, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also be made some
Equal conversion and replacement, these, which convert and substitute on an equal basis, also should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for planting of blueberry, the method for referring to interplant blueberry, common vetch dish in farmland, specifically include following operating procedure：
Step 1：By 3~June of agricultural drain dry field, crop is not sowed during dry field and is digged 2~3 times, the ridging shape in farmland
The first ridge into strips and the second ridge, first and second ridge it is interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ridge ground is more than
The height on the first ridge ground, the first ridge using first improvement soil fill out it is whole form, first improvement soil for dry land soil, peat soil,
Selenium-rich batch mixing and fiery loam are according to 1:1:0.4:0.2~1.2:1:0.8:0.4 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains, and dry land soil is agriculture
The paddy soils that field draining dry field is taken after 3~June, the fire ash that fiery loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till and forest land soil according to
1:2~3 weight ratio mixed preparing obtains；Selenium-rich batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 0.5kg cakes
Fertilizer and 5~10g sodium selenites are obtained through compost maturity；Second ridge using second improvement soil fill out it is whole form, the second conditioned soil
Earth by the dry land soil of 60~70 parts by weight, the crushing pine needle of the sand of 15~20 parts by weight, 0.01~0.02 parts by weight, 0.1~
The wood fragments bits of 0.2 parts by weight, the degreasing tea seed cake of 0.02~0.025 parts by weight and the Cosan composition for adjusting PH, the second improvement
The PH of soil is 4.2~4.8, and the top layer on the second ridge ground is the peat soil layer of 3~5cm thickness；First ridge side set stent, branch
The sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement is set on frame, is arranged at intervals with nozzle on the pipe shaft of sparge pipe, the water outlet direction of nozzle refers to obliquely
To the first ridge；
Step 2：First Year at the beginning of 10 months by the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation, on the first ridge, transplanted on the ground by interval, stops filling after the Frost's Descent
Irrigate and in one layer of leaf of earth's surface bedding on the first ridge ground；10 end of the month, the potted plant of southern high clump blueberry was planted at interval on the second ridge on the ground
Container seedling, 1.2~1.5m of spacing in the rows；
Step 3：Daily night opens the spray painting that nozzle carries out 3~5min after second year common vetch dish bract bud, and bract bud First Year is not to common vetch
Dish is picked, and management of the second year for blueberry is：Remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, 6~July the second ridge per acre
Ground applies the decomposed muck of 120~150kg and the peat soil of 40~50kg, and decomposed muck is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg
Poultry muck is obtained through compost maturity；Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, and receipts are cut after clover maturation
With earth's surface of the leaf together bedding on first and second ridge ground, stop irrigating after the Frost's Descent, since second year, clover and leaf paving
Spread fertilizer over the fields selenium-rich clay fertilizer before lid on the ground on the first ridge, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of selenium-rich clay fertilizer is rich to spread fertilizer over the fields to the first ridge 120~150kg per acre
Selenium clay fertilizer obtains for 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry mucks, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3~5g sodium selenites through compost maturity
Arrive；
Step 4：Since the 3rd year, repeat to operate as follows every year：Apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term),
The applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mus, and the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mus, and night opens nozzle daily after common vetch dish bract bud
The spray painting of 3~5min is carried out, 4~May common vetch dish is picked 3~4 times；For blueberry, based on third and fourth Nian Yizhuan tree, remove
Small and weak branch, removes part bud, and the yield of the 3rd year every plant of blueberry is controlled in below 0.8kg, increased year by year later, to blueberry
Trimmed every year, its height is no more than 1.8m, blueberry applies to the second ridge the manure of livestock and poultry of 150~200kg per acre before blooming
The composite fertilizer of fertilizer and 20~30kg, blueberry is plucked applies to the second ridge the decomposed muck of 120~150kg and 40~50kg after fruit per acre
Peat soil, broadcasts sowing clover, receipts and leaf are cut after clover maturation, and bedding exists together mid-September on the ground on first and second ridge
The earth's surface on first and second ridge ground, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent；
Poultry muck obtains with the following method：According to 6:3:Sorghum, wheat, soybean are crushed and are hybridly prepared into by 1 mass ratio
Fermentation substrate, according to 1:5 mass ratio mixes yeast selenium and fermentation substrate, adds water fermentation process 70 days at 28 DEG C, will send out
The product and feed of ferment carry out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. the method for planting of blueberry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height on the first ridge ground is 25~30cm,
The width on the first ridge ground is 40~45cm, and the height on the second ridge ground is 50~55cm, and the width on the second ridge ground is 1.8~2.5m.
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| CN106258733A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 水富盛丰农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of selenium-rich blueberry cultivation method |
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