CN104705147A - Method for planting blueberries - Google Patents
Method for planting blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN104705147A CN104705147A CN201510161979.5A CN201510161979A CN104705147A CN 104705147 A CN104705147 A CN 104705147A CN 201510161979 A CN201510161979 A CN 201510161979A CN 104705147 A CN104705147 A CN 104705147A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting blueberries. The method specifically comprises the following steps: draining a farmland and drying the farmland from March to June, planting no crop in the farmland drying period and turning the soil for 2-3 times, building first and second ridges of lands in the farmland, filling the first ridge of lands with first improved soil for planting vetches, and filling the second ridge of lands with first second improved soil for planting blueberries, wherein the second improved soil is composed of 60-70 parts by weight of upland soil, 15-20 parts by weight of sandy soil, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of crushed pine needles, 0.1-0.2 part by weight of sawdust, 0.02-0.025 part by weight of degreased tea seed cakes and sulfur powder for regulating pH, and the pH of the second improved soil is 4.2-4.8. In the technical scheme, the survival rates and yields of vetches and blueberries are high, and the vetches and the blueberries can be picked for many years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to a kind of method for planting of blueberry.
Background technology
Blueberry is the berry that a kind of nutrition is extremely enriched, and has functions such as preventing cerebral nerve is aging, cardiac stimulant, anticancer softening blood vessel, enhancing human organism immunity.Requiring its soil for growth of blueberry is extremely strict, and extensively plantation is limited to make it.Yuexi County is located in Dabie Mountain again, belongs to remote countryside, there are a large amount of terraced fields, owing to realizing mechanization production, can only lean on traditional labour's farming, and therefore the economic benefit of agricultural is extremely low, and most of farmland is no longer cultivated.Local government is also had and is improved by exploitation mountain vegetables, and it is limited to be that it adapts to promoted extension at that time, and economic benefit is low.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of method for planting of blueberry, and it can effectively solve the problem, in terraced fields, plant blueberry, improves local agricultural economy.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A method for planting for blueberry, refers in the method for farmland interplanting blueberry, common vetch dish, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
Step 1: by 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland ridging formed strip the first ridge with second ridge ground, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge, first ground, ridge adopts the first improvement soil to fill out whole forming, first improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, second ground, ridge adopts the second improvement soil to fill out whole forming, second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 60 ~ 70 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 15 ~ 20 weight portions, 0.01 ~ 0.02 weight portion, 0.1 ~ 0.2 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.02 ~ 0.025 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick, first ground, ridge side arranges support, support is arranged the sparge pipe that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, and the first ground, ridge is pointed in the water outlet direction of shower nozzle obliquely,
Step 2: the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation was planted at interval on the ground on the first ridge at the beginning of 10 months by First Year, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating and earth's surface bedding one deck leaf on the first ground, ridge; 10 end of the month, the Potted-plant container seedling of southern high clump blueberry was planted at interval, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.5m on the second ridge on the ground;
Step 3: after Second Year common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, Second Year for the management of blueberry is: remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, ground, ridge in 6 ~ July every mu second applies 120 ~ 150kg and to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40 ~ 50kg, and the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck obtain through compost maturity; Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, cut after clover maturation and to be received with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
Step 4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge, the applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mu, the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, for blueberry, 3rd, 4 years based on strong tree, remove small and weak branch, remove part bud, the output of the 3rd year every strain blueberry controls at below 0.8kg, increase year by year later, blueberry is pruned every year, it is made highly to be no more than 1.8m, blueberry bloom before every mu of second ridge apply the poultry muck of 150 ~ 200kg and the composite fertilizer of 20 ~ 30kg, apply to every mu of second ridge 120 ~ 150kg after blueberry plucks fruit to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40 ~ 50kg, mid-September is first, clover is broadcasted sowing on the ground in two ridges, cut after clover maturation receive together with leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 50cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 45 ~ 50cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.4 ~ 2m.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also water funk flood, and very harsh to soil for growth.The present invention by the transformation in above-mentioned farmland, the irrigation system that furrow is formed, can make the whole farmland of the irrigation of uniform fluid flow, the water lev el control in furrow, at below 3cm, prevents from having an impact to blueberry, ensures that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated and there will not be waterlogging; Shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater sky, made the sparse spray of part rainwater on common vetch dish bud, promoted the growth of common vetch dish bud, made common vetch dish bud more sturdy; First improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, support in acidity and fertilizer the best demand more grown with common vetch dish to match, make common vetch dish more sturdy, clover can vegetate in the soil property on first and second ground, ridge in addition, clover, the leaf of harvesting cover, and common vetch dish can be survived the winter better, ensure that common vetch dish to germinate spore the coming year, clover, the rotten of leaf can be good at the fertility on supplementary first ground, ridge and regulate acidity, and common vetch dish can both be plucked every year.Certainly, independent the played Main Function of the above-mentioned just each factor of simple elaboration, by the mutual coordinative role of each factor, make common vetch dish all can carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
And adopt above-mentioned first improvement soil and rich selenium clay fertilizer to carry out common vetch colza and plant, Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, it effectively can improve the Se content in common vetch dish, and in the dry common vetch dish of results, Se content about improves 3 ~ 4 times, and compost maturity is exactly the means of green manure compost maturity conventional in agricultural production.
In above-mentioned second improvement soil, pine needle meal, wood fragments bits and sand regulate the space of dry land soil, blueberry is made to survive at the second improvement soil and to grow, Tea Saponin in Extracted From Oil-tea-cake and anthocyanin can promote surviving of blueberry seedling, the organic growth with preventing liver moss can be provided simultaneously, the PH that Cosan regulates adapts to blueberry growth, improvement soil provided by the invention is adopted to plant blueberry, blueberry survival rate can reach very (the downright bad problem of removing blueberry seedling itself), and blueberry growth is quick and output increased.There are large stretch of pine needle woods and tea oil tree in area, Yuexi in addition, pine needle wide material sources, the tea dregs of rice after tea seed squeezing are utilized effectively, solve Extracted From Oil-tea-cake and stack the problem polluted, blocking of timber planted by local timber processing and medicinal material (as Poria cocos, rhizoma Gastrodiae), can produce a large amount of wood sawdusts, make the preparation cost of the second improvement soil extremely low, the ight soil that livestock-raising produces is utilized simultaneously, beautify the environment, form the agricultural economy system of circulation, sustainable development.
More specifically scheme is: sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of locality, Yuexi, and to be that a blob of slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil is naturally outdoor spread the tea dregs of rice after 2 months to the degreasing tea dregs of rice.The changes in temperature weather of Yuexi and the illumination condition in winter are also applicable to the growth of southern high clump blueberry in addition.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and the 3rd year can both pluck common vetch dish afterwards every year.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation behind whole ground, farmland;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section in farmland.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
Following embodiment 1 ~ 2 is in me company (Anqing ten thousand grass thousand wooden agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds) and Wuhu Heng Nuo Enertech Co., Ltd., carry out in the cool breeze farm (Yuexi County lotus flower village cool breeze group) of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd joint development, gemma refers to and the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants sends tender white gemma, gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparing obtain, urea water is that 100 ~ 200g urea and the preparation of 1L water obtain, following embodiment 1, the concrete amount of application of the fertilizer do not clearly not stated in 2, those skilled in the art can use in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age, ensure reliably planting of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, all need to carry out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the operations such as desinsection.In the present invention if no special instructions, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
First improvement soil used in embodiment 1,2 is obtained in embodiment 3 ~ 6, and the second improvement soil is obtained in embodiment 7 ~ 10, and rich selenium clay fertilizer is obtained in embodiment 11 ~ 13, and the improvement in farmland is concrete as shown in Figure 1, 2.
Embodiment 1
By 3 ~ June of farmland (paddy field) draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland, ridging forms the first ground, ridge 111 and the ground, the second ridge 112 of strip, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge 112 is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge 111, second ground, ridge 112 is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge 111 adopts the first improvement soil to fill out whole forming, first ground, ridge 111 sides arrange support Z1, support Z1 is arranged the sparge pipe 114 that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 114 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the first ground, ridge is pointed in the water outlet direction of shower nozzle obliquely, the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 45cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 50 ~ 55cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.8 ~ 2.5m, and the width of furrow L1 is 15 ~ 20cm,
The common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation was planted at interval on the first ridge at the beginning of 10 months by First Year on the ground, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, does not hinder root system, water normal root water after cultivation, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground earth's surface bedding one deck leaf; 10 end of the month, the Potted-plant container seedling of 2 years Sheng Nangao clump blueberries was planted at interval on the second ridge on the ground, long 50 ~ 60 centimetres of planting hole cave, and cave is wide 40 ~ 50 centimetres, dark 30 ~ 40 centimetres of cave, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.5m;
After Second Year common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, Second Year for the management of blueberry is: remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, ground, ridge in 6 ~ July every mu second applies 120kg and to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 50kg, and the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck obtain through compost maturity; Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, cut after clover maturation and to be received with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge, the applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mu, the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, for blueberry, 3rd, 4 years based on strong tree, remove small and weak branch, remove part bud, the output of the 3rd year every strain blueberry controls at below 0.8kg, increase year by year later, blueberry is pruned every year, it is made highly to be no more than 1.8m, blueberry bloom before every mu of second ridge apply the poultry muck of 150kg and the composite fertilizer of 20kg, apply to every mu of second ridge 150kg after blueberry plucks fruit to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 50kg, mid-September is first, clover is broadcasted sowing on the ground in two ridges, cut after clover maturation receive together with leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating.
Embodiment 2
By 3 ~ June of farmland (paddy field) draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland, ridging forms the first ground, ridge 111 and the ground, the second ridge 112 of strip, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge 112 is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge 111, second ground, ridge 112 is that dry land soil is formed, first ground, ridge 111 adopts the first improvement soil to fill out whole forming, first ground, ridge 111 sides arrange support Z1, support Z1 is arranged the sparge pipe 114 that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 114 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the first ground, ridge is pointed in the water outlet direction of shower nozzle obliquely, the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 45cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 50 ~ 55cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.8 ~ 2.5m, and the width of furrow L1 is 15 ~ 20cm,
The common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation was planted at interval on the first ridge at the beginning of 10 months by First Year on the ground, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, does not hinder root system, water normal root water after cultivation, after the Frost's Descent stop irrigate and first ridge ground earth's surface bedding one deck leaf; 10 end of the month, the Potted-plant container seedling of 2 years Sheng Nangao clump blueberries was planted at interval on the second ridge on the ground, long 50 ~ 60 centimetres of planting hole cave, and cave is wide 40 ~ 50 centimetres, dark 30 ~ 40 centimetres of cave, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.5m;
After Second Year common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, Second Year for the management of blueberry is: remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, ground, ridge in 6 ~ July every mu second applies 150kg and to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40kg, and the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck obtain through compost maturity; Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, cut after clover maturation and to be received with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge, the applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mu, the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, for blueberry, 3rd, 4 years based on strong tree, remove small and weak branch, remove part bud, the output of the 3rd year every strain blueberry controls at below 0.8kg, increase year by year later, blueberry is pruned every year, it is made highly to be no more than 1.8m, blueberry bloom before every mu of second ridge apply the poultry muck of 150 ~ 200kg and the composite fertilizer of 30kg, apply to every mu of second ridge 150kg after blueberry plucks fruit to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40kg, mid-September is first, clover is broadcasted sowing on the ground in two ridges, cut after clover maturation receive together with leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 1400 ~ 1500 strains, produce about 264 kilograms fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, the fibrosis of fresh common vetch dish is low, and the Se content in common vetch dish is high, and in obtained dry common vetch dish, Se content is about 3 ~ 4 times of common common vetch dish.
The plantation of tradition level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500 ~ 6000 strains, and produce 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3 ~ 0.6cm, and the fibrosis on fresh common vetch dish surface is high.
Meanwhile, in above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of blueberry is about 200 ~ 220, within the 3rd year, can pluck about 180kg, within the 4th year, can pluck 270kg ..., output increases year by year.Relative to traditional agricultural planting, increase economic efficiency more than 4 ~ 5 times.The survival rate of common vetch dish, blueberry all can reach 100%, and whole production cost mainly wholely with the operation of becoming thoroughly decomposed of fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained the first improvement soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field June, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till and forest land soil (the woods soil that forest land soil is area, Yuexi, Dabie Mountain pine forests or the slope soil on hillside, lower with) obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 4
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained the first improvement soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field March, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:3 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 5
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained the first improvement soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 3 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 6
Dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam are obtained the first improvement soil according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1.2:1:0.4:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after agricultural drain dry field April, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 times, fiery loam is stalk, fire ash that tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2.5 with forest land soil; Rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 8g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
The the first improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 3 ~ 6, the production of all very suitable common vetch dish of its acid-base value and fertility, therefore, the common vetch dish shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, fertilizer efficiency improves the output of common vetch dish lastingly, and wherein Organic Selenium can effectively be absorbed by common vetch dish, improves the organic selenium content in finished product common vetch dish.
Embodiment 7
Second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 60 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 20 weight portions, 0.02 weight portion, 0.1 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.025 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick; Sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of locality, Yuexi, and to be that a blob of slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil is naturally outdoor spread the tea dregs of rice after 2 months to the degreasing tea dregs of rice.
Embodiment 8
Second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 70 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 15 weight portions, 0.02 weight portion, 0.1 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.025 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick; Sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of locality, Yuexi, and to be that a blob of slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil is naturally outdoor spread the tea dregs of rice after 2 months to the degreasing tea dregs of rice.
Embodiment 9
Second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 65 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 18 weight portions, 0.015 weight portion, 0.15 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.02 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick; Sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of locality, Yuexi, and to be that a blob of slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil is naturally outdoor spread the tea dregs of rice after 2 months to the degreasing tea dregs of rice.
Embodiment 10
Second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 62 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 18 weight portions, 0.018 weight portion, 0.12 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.023 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick; Sand is the thick-layer fiber crops sand of the yellowish-brown penus of locality, Yuexi, and to be that a blob of slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil is naturally outdoor spread the tea dregs of rice after 2 months to the degreasing tea dregs of rice.
The the second improvement soil produced in above-described embodiment 7 ~ 10, its porosity, PH are applicable to the growth of suitable blueberry very much, therefore, the blueberry shoot survival percent of transplanting is high, in addition the content of organic matter moderate, can not cause transplanting rotting of blueberry shoot root system, Tea Saponin in the degreasing tea dregs of rice and anthocyanin can promote surviving of blueberry seedling, can prevent the growth of liver moss and weeds simultaneously.
Embodiment 11
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 12
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 8kg green manure, 1.0kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
Embodiment 13
Rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 1.2kg lime, 6.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity; Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
After common vetch dish grows every year and gathers, larger to the loss of soil, therefore need to carry out fertility to soil every year to supplement and acid-base value adjustment, the rich selenium clay fertilizer produced in above-described embodiment 11 ~ 13, its acid-base value is comparatively higher than the normal growth conditions of common vetch dish, and use before bedding herbage and leaf, it can effectively regulate the acid-base value of soil, supplement fertility and Organic Selenium simultaneously, ensure the high yield output that rich selenium common vetch dish is annual.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a method for planting for blueberry, refers in the method for farmland interplanting blueberry, common vetch dish, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
Step 1: by 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, in farmland ridging formed strip the first ridge with second ridge ground, first, two ground, ridges are interval-staggered in arrangement shape, the height on the second ground, ridge is greater than the height on the first ground, ridge, first ground, ridge adopts the first improvement soil to fill out whole forming, first improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil, rich selenium batch mixing and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:0.4:0.2 ~ 1.2:1:0.8:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of agricultural drain dry field, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil, rich selenium batch mixing is 4kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 0.5kg cake fertilizer and 5 ~ 10g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity, second ground, ridge adopts the second improvement soil to fill out whole forming, second improvement soil is native by the dry land of 60 ~ 70 weight portions, the Cosan of the wood fragments bits of the pulverizing pine needle of the sand of 15 ~ 20 weight portions, 0.01 ~ 0.02 weight portion, 0.1 ~ 0.2 weight portion, the degreasing tea dregs of rice of 0.02 ~ 0.025 weight portion and adjustment PH is formed, second PH improveing soil is the top layer on the 4.2 ~ 4.8, second ground, ridge is the peat soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick, first ground, ridge side arranges support, support is arranged the sparge pipe that horizontal shape is arranged, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, and the first ground, ridge is pointed in the water outlet direction of shower nozzle obliquely,
Step 2: the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation was planted at interval on the ground on the first ridge at the beginning of 10 months by First Year, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating and earth's surface bedding one deck leaf on the first ground, ridge; 10 end of the month, the Potted-plant container seedling of southern high clump blueberry was planted at interval, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.5m on the second ridge on the ground;
Step 3: after Second Year common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish, Second Year for the management of blueberry is: remove bud, expand tree crown, increase branch amount, ground, ridge in 6 ~ July every mu second applies 120 ~ 150kg and to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40 ~ 50kg, and the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 5kg green manure, 0.4kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck obtain through compost maturity; Mid-September broadcasts sowing clover on the ground on first and second ridge, cut after clover maturation and to be received with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface on ground, first and second ridge, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating, from Second Year, rich selenium clay fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields on the ground on the first ridge before clover and leaf bedding, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of rich selenium clay fertilizer be every mu of first ridge spread fertilizer over the fields 120 ~ 150kg, rich selenium clay fertilizer is 6kg green manure, 0.8kg lime, 4.0kg poultry muck, 3.5kg cake fertilizer and 3 ~ 5g sodium selenite obtain through compost maturity;
Step 4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term), apply decomposed manure and urea to the first ridge, the applied amount of decomposed manure is 210kg/ mu, the applied amount of urea is 8kg/ mu, after common vetch dish bract bud, night every day opens the spray painting that shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, for blueberry, 3rd, 4 years based on strong tree, remove small and weak branch, remove part bud, the output of the 3rd year every strain blueberry controls at below 0.8kg, increase year by year later, blueberry is pruned every year, it is made highly to be no more than 1.8m, blueberry bloom before every mu of second ridge apply the poultry muck of 150 ~ 200kg and the composite fertilizer of 20 ~ 30kg, apply to every mu of second ridge 120 ~ 150kg after blueberry plucks fruit to become thoroughly decomposed the peat soil of muck and 40 ~ 50kg, mid-September is first, clover is broadcasted sowing on the ground in two ridges, cut after clover maturation receive together with leaf bedding first, the earth's surface on two ground, ridges, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating,
Poultry muck adopts following method to obtain: Chinese sorghum, wheat, soybean are pulverized according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 and be hybridly prepared into fermentation substrate, according to the mass ratio of 1:5, yeast selenium and fermentation substrate are mixed, add water 28 DEG C of bottom fermentation process 70 days, the product of fermentation and feed are carried out being mixed for raising livestock and poultry, the feces of livestock and poultry of collection is poultry muck.
2. the method for planting of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the height on the first ground, ridge is 25 ~ 30cm, and the width on the first ground, ridge is 40 ~ 45cm, and the height on the second ground, ridge is 50 ~ 55cm, and the width on the second ground, ridge is 1.8 ~ 2.5m.
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| CN105052287A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-18 | 彭国平 | Soil selection and improvement method for planting blueberry in south rice field |
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| CN106258733A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 水富盛丰农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of selenium-rich blueberry cultivation method |
| CN108812024A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-16 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of blueberry |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105052287A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-18 | 彭国平 | Soil selection and improvement method for planting blueberry in south rice field |
| CN105439722A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州农业科学院 | Acidic blueberry culture substrate preparation method and acidic blueberry culture substrate |
| CN106258733A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 水富盛丰农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of selenium-rich blueberry cultivation method |
| CN108812024A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-16 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of blueberry |
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