CN104641893A - Method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees - Google Patents
Method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN104641893A CN104641893A CN201510041807.4A CN201510041807A CN104641893A CN 104641893 A CN104641893 A CN 104641893A CN 201510041807 A CN201510041807 A CN 201510041807A CN 104641893 A CN104641893 A CN 104641893A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 claims description 48
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 38
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010046555 Urinary retention Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000294180 Osmunda japonica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
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- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees, in particular to a method for combined planting of osmunda japonica thunb and camellia oleifera at hillsides and forests. The method specifically comprises the following steps of land preparation, transplanting, trimming and fertilizer applying. In the first year, the survival maintaining of the camellia oleifera tree is performed, and a low-concentration fertilizer is applied to flower thinning is carried out entirely; in the second year, the strong seedling maintaining is performed, and a nitrogen fertilizer needs to be applied before germinating of new tips; in the third year and later, the output maintaining is performed, and the applying amounts of an organic fertilizer and a phosphate and potassium fertilizer need to be increased. The method has the advantage that when the camellia oleifera trees are interplanted, the output of the single camellia oleifera tree is high, and the economic benefit of the farmland and forest planting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to the method for a kind of tea oil tree interplanting.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, the purple dustpan of formal name used at school, belongs to perennial pteridophyte, has exist widely in mountain area, Dabie Mountain.Containing the various trace elements such as rich in protein, vitamin and potassium, calcium, squama in common vetch dish, common vetch dish not only can be made into delicious dish, have more the effects such as anticancer, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty treatment, to the virus such as influenza, encephalitis B, there is obvious inhibitory action simultaneously, be long-term outlet, be in great demand overseas vegetables, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition mostly, although also there is local experiment artificial planting, it yields poorly, and the common vetch dish stem of collection is thin, poor quality, and to pluck after one, two year common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the method for a kind of tea oil tree interplanting, and it can effectively solve the problem, and the output of common vetch dish is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, quality better, can pluck for a long time, can not the underproduction, with interplanting tea oil tree, the high yield of individual plant tea oil tree can be realized, improving the economic benefit of agriculture forestry planting.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A method for tea oil tree interplanting, refers to the method at forest land, hillside joint implant common vetch dish and tea oil tree, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch in along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, compartment on adjacent ditch and the 3rd flowing water mouth are arranged in interleaved shape respectively, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2 ~ 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil (native country in forest land, hillside),
S2: First Year plants at second kind the planting hole that excavation 50 ~ 55cm is dark on the ground 3 ~ April, by oil generation tea tree sapling plantation in 2 ~ 3 years in planting hole, one deck soil one deck base manure backfills planting hole, 20d after tea oil plantation, build once rare rich water, containing 2% urea and 0.2% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, the cake fertilizer mixing of the lime of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions is become thoroughly decomposed and obtained; Tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during August offers cannelure, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; In autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site;
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Pinching is carried out along the tea oil height of tree 100 ~ 110cm place, natural open centre shape training type is adopted to carry out shaping to tea oil tree, trunk retains 5 ~ 7 major branches, and March foot couple the second carry out turning over whole with planting and apply 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root place, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during October offers cannelure, in cannelure, apply 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent;
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish; Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch, the angle between major branch and trunk is made to be 40 ~ 45 °, pruning the side shoot on major branch and pruning makes the tip height of major branch be no more than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every strain applies 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, and during October, every strain applies 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer; Autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost is exactly the control of liquid manure, and the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also water funk flood, and very harsh to soil for growth.The present invention is by the transformation in forest land, above-mentioned hillside, the irrigation system that ditch is formed, forest land, the irrigation of uniform fluid flow whole hillside can be made, water lev el control simultaneously in ditch lower than first planting site earth's surface 12 ~ 17cm, ensure that the happiness water of common vetch dish is irrigated and there will not be waterlogging, common vetch dish is planted bottom the ridge, dam, to to get well more than level land planting effect, common vetch dish is by the impact of Ba Geng, the new cauline leaf sent out is grown to away from Ba Geng side, the plant hormone in it is made to stimulate root to sprout more gemma, improve output, the setting of Ba Geng simultaneously, first kind can be made to plant ground side's current does not penetrate in ditch from the trickling of the earth's surface of the first planting site from its underpart, prevent the waterlogging of common vetch dish, in addition, stone piles the Ba Geng built, fixation can be played at the initial stage of forest land transformation, preventing came down during rainy season causes forest land, hillside to be ruined, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night, Simulated rainwater sky, made the sparse spray of part rainwater on common vetch dish bud, promoted the growth of common vetch dish bud, made common vetch dish bud more sturdy, the improvement soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, support in acidity and fertilizer the best demand more grown with common vetch dish to match, make common vetch dish more sturdy, Chinese milk vetch can be vegetated in the soil property of the first planting site in addition, Chinese milk vetch, the leaf of harvesting cover, and common vetch dish can be survived the winter better, ensure that common vetch dish to germinate spore the coming year, rotting and helping the applying of bud fertilizer can be good at the fertility of supplementary first planting site and regulate acidity of Chinese milk vetch, leaf, makes common vetch dish can both pluck every year.
In addition, adopt the tea oil tree of such scheme plantation, survival rate 100%, tea oil tree is all greenery throughout the year, forms the fence sheltered from heat or light in the periphery of common vetch dish, ensures that common vetch dish is to the demand of growing environment, shortens the cycle of whole forest land transformation simultaneously.In addition, the joint implant of tea oil tree and common vetch dish, can improve the economic benefit of agricultural planting.Oil tea sapling directly can be bought from nursery factory and obtain, can grow into forest fast, meanwhile, base manure can ensure the fertilising that the demand of oil tea sapling to nutrient changes year by year, and the growth demand also according to oil tea sapling Different periods sets, tea oil tree First Year protects to survive, need low concentration fertilizer to water fertile and whole flower thinning, Second Year protects strong sprout, needs to apply fast nitrogenous fertilizer before needing young sprout to sprout, 3rd year and be protect output, need the applied amount increasing fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer later.In addition, the shaping of tea oil tree, ensures tea oil tree large result and reasonably shelters from heat or light to common vetch dish.
Certainly, independent the played Main Function of the above-mentioned just each factor of simple elaboration, by the mutual coordinative role of each factor, make common vetch dish all can carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
Detailed scheme is:
The height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge, dam, and the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site.Can plant at second kind after Second Year and on the ground plant tea tree, tea tree is positioned at the inner side of tea oil tree and interval-staggered with tea oil tree.Improvement soil is that dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2, helps bud fertilizer to be that 50kg fire loam and the preparation of 10L people's retention of urine liquid obtain.Downgrading tea oil tree branch also in great numbers, just as forming a hedge hurdle in the outside in ditch, now planting larger tea seedling within it, tea tree happiness is cloudy, can be good at growth, and many crop interplantings, improve whole economic benefit.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and the 3rd year can both pluck common vetch dish afterwards every year, and the tea oil tree of simultaneously planting also can realize high yield, improves the economic well-being of workers and staff of peasant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation in ditch is offered on Fig. 1 is domatic;
Fig. 2 is domatic sectional schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
Following embodiment 1 ~ 2 is carried out in the cool breeze farm of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd, gemma refers to and the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants sends tender white gemma, gemma is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water behaviour retention of urine liquid and 2 times of water mixed preparing obtain, and urea water is that 100 ~ 200g urea and the preparation of 1L water obtain.The concrete amount of application of fertilizer do not clearly not stated in following embodiment 1,2, those skilled in the art can use in right amount according to the effect of fertilizer and use age, ensure reliably planting of crops, in addition, in whole planting process, all need to carry out weeding every year, loosen the soil, the operation such as desinsection.In the present invention if no special instructions, the percentage of component is mass concentration.
Embodiment 1
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 in along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of hole for water spraying, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 with forest land soil, the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils 15, extend in sandy soils 15 bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site,
First Year plants at second kind the planting hole that excavation 50 ~ 55cm is dark on the ground 3 ~ April, by oil generation tea tree 11b sapling (station, nursery is bought and obtained) plantation in 2 ~ 3 years in planting hole, one deck soil one deck base manure backfills planting hole, 20d after tea oil plantation, build once rare rich water, containing 2% urea and 0.2% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, the cake fertilizer mixing of the lime of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions is become thoroughly decomposed and obtained, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during August offers cannelure, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Pinching is carried out along the tea oil height of tree 100 ~ 110cm place, natural open centre shape training type is adopted to carry out shaping to tea oil tree 11b, trunk retains 5 ~ 7 major branches, and March foot couple the second carry out turning over whole with planting and apply 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root place, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during October offers cannelure, in cannelure, apply 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer (the luxuriant plump industry Co., Ltd in Shijiazhuang produces), tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; Tie rod uses soft rope to leave behind along the reverse direction of shoot growth, and the bamboo let that the other end ground of soft rope plugs is fixed, and the angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 55 °, and after branch is shaping, taken off by soft rope, Post flowering removes all flowers; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, executes loose stool water once after each harvesting; Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch, the angle between major branch and trunk is made to be 40 ~ 45 °, pruning the side shoot on major branch and pruning makes the tip height of major branch be no more than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every strain applies 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, and during October, every strain applies 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent; Help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
Embodiment 2
Hold fire line successfully in forest land, selected hillside and carry out refining mountain, fine day is selected to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root behind burning ground, the grass root and stem of certain plants is rooted out, staged is become by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site 11 behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site 11 adopts stone to pile the ridge 12 of building a dam, ditch 13 is offered in the middle part of each planting site 11, ditch 13 along the length direction of planting site 11 offer and in ditch 13 in along its length interval compartment 131 is set, ditch 13 is separated into each tank by compartment 131, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river 132, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth 133, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river 132 is consistent (if the height at the first-class mouth of a river is lower than the height at the second mouth of a river, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 is consistent with the height at the first-class mouth of a river), compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 on adjacent ditch 13 is arranged in interleaved shape, the ditch, top 13 in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside on the ridge, dam 12 is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the sidewall on the ridge, oblique sensing dam, water outlet direction 12 of shower nozzle, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 be positioned at inside ditch 13 and the second planting site 112 be positioned at outside ditch 13 by ditch 13, first planting site 111 adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:3 with forest land soil (native country in forest land, hillside), the height on the ridge, dam 12 is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extends in sandy soils bottom the ridge, dam 12, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30 ~ 40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1 ~ 1.2m,
First Year plants at second kind the planting hole that excavation 50 ~ 55cm is dark on the ground 3 ~ April, by oil generation tea tree 11b sapling (station, nursery is bought and obtained) plantation in 2 ~ 3 years in planting hole, one deck soil one deck base manure backfills planting hole, 20d after tea oil plantation, build once rare rich water, containing 2% urea and 0.2% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, the cake fertilizer mixing of the lime of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions is become thoroughly decomposed and obtained, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during August offers cannelure, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning, in autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close on the first planting site 111 and locates interval bottom the ridge, dam 12 and plant, the width of planting plant hole is 20 ~ 25 centimetres, size is 20 × 20cm, plant by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish seedling 11a answers transplantation with soil, do not hinder root system, normal root water is watered after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and water surface elevation in ditch 13 is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site 111, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site 111, the leaf that Za Shu can be selected to descend slowly and lightly and pine needle carry out bedding,
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, and what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, and undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma and after gemma, bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Pinching is carried out along the tea oil height of tree 100 ~ 110cm place, natural open centre shape training type is adopted to carry out shaping to tea oil tree 11b, trunk retains 5 ~ 7 major branches, and March foot couple the second carry out turning over whole with planting and apply 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root place, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during October offers cannelure, in cannelure, apply 300g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; Tie rod uses soft rope to leave behind along the reverse direction of shoot growth, and the bamboo let that the other end ground of soft rope plugs is fixed, and the angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 55 °, and after branch is shaping, taken off by soft rope, Post flowering removes all flowers; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent;
From the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile, undertaken topdressing carrying seedling by loose stool water or urea water before gemma or after gemma, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray, 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, executes loose stool water once after each harvesting; Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch, the angle between major branch and trunk is made to be 40 ~ 45 °, pruning the side shoot on major branch and pruning makes the tip height of major branch be no more than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every strain applies 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, and during October, every strain applies 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent; Help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid to obtain.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 2000 ~ 2500 strains, and produce 330 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and the fibrosis of fresh common vetch dish is low.
The plantation of tradition level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500 ~ 6000 strains, and produce 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes per year for every mu, the length of plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15 ~ 20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3 ~ 0.6cm, and the fibrosis on fresh common vetch dish surface is high.
In addition, in embodiment 1,2, third and fourth, 5 years every strain tea oil trees can pluck 20 ~ 50 jin of tea seeds, after 5 years, every strain tea oil tree 11b can gather in the crops 50 ~ 80 jin of tea seeds.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method for tea oil tree interplanting, refers to the method at forest land, hillside joint implant common vetch dish and tea oil tree, specifically comprises following operating procedure:
S1: become staged by whole for forest land, hillside, each planting site behind whole ground is offered along the contour on hillside respectively, domatic outside between adjacent planting site adopts stone to pile the ridge of building a dam, ditch is offered in the middle part of each planting site, ditch along the length direction of planting site offer and in ditch in along its length interval compartment is set, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, the two ends compartment of each tank arranges first respectively, the second-rate mouth of a river, cell wall outside tank is offered the 3rd flowing water mouth, the height and first of the 3rd flowing water mouth on same tank, the height of flowing water mouth highly less in the second-rate mouth of a river is consistent, the 3rd flowing water mouth on adjacent ditch is that interleaved shape is arranged, the ditch, top in forest land, hillside is connected with water supply installation, the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape layout, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the sidewall of the oblique sensing in the water outlet direction Ba Geng of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, planting site is divided into the first planting site be positioned at inside ditch and the second planting site be positioned at outside ditch by ditch, first planting site adopts improvement soil to fill out whole forming, improvement soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2 ~ 0.8:1:0.4, the paddy soils of dry land soil for getting after 3 ~ June of paddy field draining dry field, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2 ~ 3 times, fire loam is stalk, tree branches and leaves, the fire ash that weeds burn till obtains according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 1:2 ~ 3 with forest land soil (native country in forest land, hillside),
S2: First Year plants at second kind the planting hole that excavation 50 ~ 55cm is dark on the ground 3 ~ April, by oil generation tea tree sapling plantation in 2 ~ 3 years in planting hole, one deck soil one deck base manure backfills planting hole, 20d after tea oil plantation, build once rare rich water, containing 2% urea and 0.2% potassium chloride in the rare rich water of one-level, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, the cake fertilizer mixing of the lime of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions is become thoroughly decomposed and obtained; Tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during August offers cannelure, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; In autumn in the same year the common vetch dish seedling of artificial propagation/wild planted at first kind and locate interval bottom the next-door neighbour ridge, dam on the ground and plant, and pour water in ditch, and water surface elevation in ditch is lower than the ground level 12 ~ 17cm of the first planting site, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating and at earth's surface bedding one deck leaf of the first planting site;
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4 ~ May, common vetch dish started bract bud, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked common vetch dish; Pinching is carried out along the tea oil height of tree 100 ~ 110cm place, natural open centre shape training type is adopted to carry out shaping to tea oil tree, trunk retains 5 ~ 7 major branches, and March foot couple the second carry out turning over whole with planting and apply 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root place, tree stump periphery at tea oil tree during October offers cannelure, in cannelure, apply 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning; Second Year broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch autumn on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent;
S4: from the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 3, April applies once to help bud fertile to common vetch dish, what after bract bud, night every day opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3 ~ 5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4 ~ May plucks 3 ~ 4 times common vetch dish; Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch, the angle between major branch and trunk is made to be 40 ~ 45 °, pruning the side shoot on major branch and pruning makes the tip height of major branch be no more than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every strain applies 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, and during October, every strain applies 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer; Autumn broadcasts sowing Chinese milk vetch on first and second planting site, plants to be cut after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for first kind and to receive with leaf together with bedding on the earth's surface of the first planting site, plants it to be turned on the spot after Chinese milk vetch maturation on the ground for second kind and buries, stop irrigation after the Frost's Descent.
2. the method for tea oil tree interplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height of Ba Geng is 60 ~ 80cm, it is 30 ~ 35cm that improvement soil fills out whole thickness, the downside that improvement soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, extend to bottom the ridge, dam in sandy soils, the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20 ~ 25cm of the first planting site.
3. the method for tea oil tree interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: improvement soil is that dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain according to the weight ratio mixed preparing of 0.5:1:0.2.
4. the method for tea oil tree interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: help bud fertilizer to prepare for 50kg fire loam and 10L people's retention of urine liquid and obtain.
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