CN104641893B - Method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees - Google Patents
Method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN104641893B CN104641893B CN201510041807.4A CN201510041807A CN104641893B CN 104641893 B CN104641893 B CN 104641893B CN 201510041807 A CN201510041807 A CN 201510041807A CN 104641893 B CN104641893 B CN 104641893B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 44
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007592 spray painting technique Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000294180 Osmunda japonica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195732 phytohormone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for interplanting of camellia oleifera trees, in particular to a method for combined planting of osmunda japonica thunb and camellia oleifera at hillsides and forests. The method specifically comprises the following steps of land preparation, transplanting, trimming and fertilizer applying. In the first year, the survival maintaining of the camellia oleifera tree is performed, and a low-concentration fertilizer is applied to flower thinning is carried out entirely; in the second year, the strong seedling maintaining is performed, and a nitrogen fertilizer needs to be applied before germinating of new tips; in the third year and later, the output maintaining is performed, and the applying amounts of an organic fertilizer and a phosphate and potassium fertilizer need to be increased. The method has the advantage that when the camellia oleifera trees are interplanted, the output of the single camellia oleifera tree is high, and the economic benefit of the farmland and forest planting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production and in particular to a kind of tea oil tree interplanting method.
Background technology
Common vetch dish, scientific name purple dustpan, belong to perennial pteridophyta, have extensive presence in Dabie Mountain mountain area.Contain rich in common vetch dish
The protein of richness, vitamin and the various trace elements such as potassium, calcium, squama, common vetch dish not only can be made into the dish of delicious food, with more anti-
The effects such as cancer, heat clearing away, removing toxic substances, fat-reducing, beauty treatment, to viruses such as influenza, encephalitis Bes, there is obvious inhibitory action simultaneously, be long
The overseas vegetable of phase outlet, situation of selling well, is particularly exported to Japan.
At present, common vetch dish is field acquisition although also there being local experiment artificial growth mostly, but it yields poorly, collection
Common vetch dish stem is thin, poor quality, and after plucking one, two years, common vetch dish will withered or no longer bract bud.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of tea oil tree interplanting, its can effectively solving the problems referred to above, common vetch dish
Yield is high, and common vetch dish is sturdy, quality better, can pluck for a long time, will not the underproduction, with interplanting tea oil tree, achievable individual plant oil tea
The high yield of tree, improves the economic benefit of agriculture forestry planting.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs technical scheme below:
A kind of method of tea oil tree interplanting, refers to the method in hillside forest land joint implant common vetch dish and tea oil tree, concrete bag
Include following operating procedure:
S1: hillside forest land site preparation is become staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up along the equal pitch contour on hillside respectively, adjacent
Being built a dam the ridge using stone heap in domatic outside between planting site, offers ditch, ditch is along the length of planting site in the middle part of each planting site
Degree direction open up and ditch in interior interval setting compartment along its length, ditch is separated into each tank by compartment, each tank
First and second flowing water mouth is respectively provided with the compartment of two ends, the cell wall outside tank opens up the 3rd flowing water mouth, the 3rd on same tank
The height of flowing water mouth is consistent with the height of the less flowing water mouth of first and second flowing water mouth camber, the compartment on adjacent ditch
It is in that interleaved shape arranges, the top ditch in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, and Ba Geng's is upper respectively with the 3rd flowing water mouth
It is provided with the sparge pipe of horizontal shape arrangement outside portion, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, hole for water spraying/shower nozzle
The oblique sensing in water outlet direction Ba Geng side wall, planting site is divided into the first planting site inside ditch and is located at by ditch
The second planting site outside ditch, the first planting site using improved soil fill out whole form, improved soil be dry land soil, peat soil and
Fiery loam obtains than mixed preparing according to the weight of 0.5:1:0.2～0.8:1:0.4, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining dry field 3～6
The paddy soils that taken after month, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2～3 times, and fiery loam is straw, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till
Fire ash native (native country in hillside forest land) with forest land obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 1:2～3；
S2: 3～April of First Year plants at second kind and excavates the deep planting hole of 50～55cm on the ground, by 2～3 years oil generation tea
Tree is planted in planting hole by seedling, and one layer of base manure of one layer of soil backfills to planting hole, the 20d after the plantation of tea oil tree seedling, pours
Build once dilute rich water, contain 2% carbamide and 0.2% potassium chloride in the dilute rich water of one-level, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, 2 weight
The cake fertilizer mixing of the Calx, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions of part is become thoroughly decomposed and is obtained；In the tree stump of tea oil tree during August part
Periphery opens up cannelure, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；Will be artificial in the autumn in the same year
Breeding/wild common vetch dish Seedling is planted to be close on the ground to be spaced at Ba Geng bottom at first kind and is planted, and pours water in ditch, and water
Water surface elevation in ditch is less than the ground level 12～17cm of the first planting site, stops irrigating and in the first planting site after the Frost's Descent
One layer of leaves of earth's surface bedding；
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4～May common vetch dish starts bract bud, and after bract bud, daily night opens water spray
What hole/shower nozzle carried out 3～5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked to common vetch dish；Along the oil tea height of tree 100～110cm
Place carries out pinching, carries out shaping using natural open centre shape training type to tea oil tree, and trunk retains 5～7 major branches, and 3
The moon, foot couple second carried out turning over whole and applying 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root with planting, and during October, the tree stump periphery in tea oil tree opens up
Cannelure, applies 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；The Second Year autumn
It broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, is cut receipts bedding together with leaveves after first kind of plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation
After the earth's surface of the first planting site, second kind of plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation, it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating；
S4: from the beginning of the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and in 3, April, common vetch dish is applied
Once help bud fertile, what after bract bud, daily night opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3～5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4～May is to common vetch dish
Pluck 3～4 times；Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch so that the angle between major branch and trunk is 40～45 °, on major branch
Side shoot is pruned and pruned makes the tip height of major branch be less than 3.5m, every plant of applying 800g nitrogenous fertilizer before newly slightly sprouting, and 10
During month, every plant applies 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer；Autumn broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, and first
Cut receipts bedding together with leaveves after Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation on planting site and, in the earth's surface of the first planting site, planted purple cloud on the ground for second kind
After Yingcheng is ripe, it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating.
The plantation of common vetch dish, topmost be exactly liquid manure control, the happiness of common vetch dish happiness water is cloudy, but also flood afraid of water, and opposite
Long soil is extremely harsh.The irrigation system that the present invention is consisted of the transformation in above-mentioned hillside forest land, ditch, enables to current equal
Even irrigation whole hillside forest land, simultaneously the water lev el control in ditch less than first planting site earth's surface 12～17cm it is ensured that common vetch
The happiness water of dish is irrigated and is not in waterlogging, and common vetch dish is planted near Ba Geng bottom, will will get well more than level land planting effect, common vetch
Dish affected by Ba Geng so that new stem and leaf to away from the growth of Ba Geng side so that its interior phytohormone stimulates root to sprout
Send more spore, improve yield, the setting of Ba Geng simultaneously, so that first kind is planted ground side's current and do not plant from first kind
The earth's surface on ground is trickled and is penetrated in ditch from its underpart, prevents common vetch dish waterlogging, in addition, the Ba Geng that stone heap is built, can be in forest land
The initial stage of transformation plays fixation, prevents landslide during rainy season from leading to hillside forest land to be ruined；Hole for water spraying/shower nozzle sprayed in short-term at night
Drench, Simulated rainwater sky so that part rainwater sparse spray on common vetch dish bud, promote common vetch dish bud growth so that common vetch dish bud more
Sturdy；The improved soil of above-mentioned preparation simultaneously, more matches so that common vetch in acidity and fertile supporting with the optimal demand of common vetch dish growth
Dish is more sturdy, and in addition Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) can be vegetated in the soil property of the first planting site, and the Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) of harvesting, leaveves are covered
Lid so that common vetch dish can preferably be survived the winter it is ensured that common vetch dish coming year germination spore, Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), the rotting and help fertile the applying of bud of leaveves
Plus can be good at supplementing the fertility of the first planting site and adjust acidity so that common vetch dish can be plucked every year.
In addition, using the tea oil tree of such scheme plantation, survival rate 100%, tea oil tree is all greenery throughout the year, in common vetch
The periphery of dish forms the fence sheltering from heat or light it is ensured that the demand to growing environment for the common vetch dish, shortens the cycle of whole forest land transformation simultaneously.Separately
Outward, the joint implant of tea oil tree and common vetch dish, can improve the economic benefit of agricultural planting.Oil tea seedling directly can be purchased from nursery factory
Can buy, can quickly grow into forest, meanwhile, base manure can ensure that the fertilising that oil tea seedling changes year by year to the demand of nutrient, is also
Set according to the growth demand of oil tea seedling different periods, tea oil tree First Year is to protect to survive, and needs low concentration fertilizer to pour fertilizer
With whole flower thinnings, Second Year be protect strong sprout, need young sprout to need before sprouting to apply fast nitrogenous fertilizer, the 3rd year and later be protect produce
Amount, needs to increase the applied amount of fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer.In addition, the shaping of tea oil tree is it is ensured that tea oil tree large result and right
Common vetch dish is reasonably sheltered from heat or light.
Certainly, the above-mentioned Main Function that simply simply each factor of elaboration is individually played, mutually coordinated by each factor
Effect is so that common vetch dish can all carry out the harvesting of high yield every year, and the common vetch dish plucked is sturdy, quality better.
Detailed scheme is:
The height of Ba Geng is 60～80cm, and it is 30～35cm that improved soil fills out whole thickness, and improved soil is filled out under flood
Side is provided with sandy soils, and Ba Geng bottom extends in sandy soils, and the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground of the first planting site
Table height 20～25cm.Can plant at second kind after Second Year and plant Camellia sinensis on the ground, Camellia sinensis are located at inner side and and the oil tea of tea oil tree
Tree is interval-staggered.Improved soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 0.5:1:0.2
Arrive, helping bud fertile is 50kg fire loam and 10l people and animals' urine is prepared and obtained.Downgrade tea oil tree branch also in great numbers, just as in ditch
Outside forms a hedge hurdle, now plants larger tea seedling inside it, and Camellia sinensis happiness is cloudy, can be good at growing, many crops set
Kind, improve whole economic benefit.
Technique scheme can significantly improve the yield and quality of common vetch dish, and common vetch dish can be entered every year after the 3rd year
Row is plucked, and the tea oil tree simultaneously planted also is capable of high yield, improves the economic well-being of workers and staff of peasant.
Brief description
The structural representation in ditch is opened up on Fig. 1 is domatic；
Fig. 2 is domatic sectional schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order that objects and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments the present invention is carried out specifically
Bright.It should be appreciated that following word is only in order to describe one or more specific embodiments of the present invention, not to the present invention
The protection domain of concrete request carries out considered critical.
Following embodiments 1～2 are to carry out in the cool breeze farm of Yuexi County Hong Sheng agricultural science and technology company limited, and spore refers to
Tender white spore is sent on the common vetch dish root and stem of certain plants, spore is plucked after growing up to common vetch dish, loose stool water is people and animals' urine and 2 times of water mixing are joined
It is obtained, urea water is 100～200g carbamide and 1l water is prepared and obtained.The fertilizer tool not clearly stated in following embodiments 1,2
Body amount of application, those skilled in the art can be carried out in right amount using it is ensured that crops according to the effect of fertilizer and use age
Reliability is planted, in addition, in whole planting process, be required for every year carrying out weeding, loosen the soil, the operation such as parasite killing.As no in the present invention
Special instruction, the percent of component is mass concentration.
Embodiment 1
Hold fire line successfully in selected hillside forest land to carry out refining mountain, select fine day to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
Root out, hillside forest land site preparation is become staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up along the equal pitch contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Being built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap in domatic outside between ground 11, offers ditch 13, ditch 13 is along plantation in the middle part of each planting site 11
Ground 11 length direction open up and ditch 13 in the interior compartment of interval setting along its length 131, ditch 13 is separated by compartment 131
Become each tank, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank is respectively provided with first and second flowing water mouth 132, the cell wall outside tank opens up
Three flowing water mouths 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and first and second flowing water mouth 132 camber less flowing water mouth on same tank
Height be consistent (as the first-class mouth of a river height be less than the second mouth of a river height, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 with
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), the compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is in that interleaved shape is arranged, on adjacent ditch 13
3rd flowing water mouth 133 is in interleaved shape arrangement, and the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, the dam ridge 12 upper
It is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape arrangement outside portion, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying, the water outlet of hole for water spraying
The side wall on the direction oblique sensing dam ridge 12, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 positioned at ditch 13 inner side by ditch 13
With the second planting site 112 positioned at ditch 13 outside, the first planting site 111 using improved soil fill out whole form, improved soil is
Dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 0.5:1:0.2, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining dry field
The paddy soils being taken after 3～June, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2～3 times, and fiery loam is straw, tree branches and leaves, weeds
The fire ash burning till and forest land soil obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 1:2；The height on the dam ridge 12 is 60～80cm, improved soil
Filling out whole thickness is 30～35cm, and the downside that improved soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils 15, and the dam ridge 12 bottom extends to sand
In layer 15, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30～40cm, and the width of the second planting site 112 is 1～1.2m, the second planting site
Ground level be higher than the first planting site ground level 20～25cm；
3～April of First Year plants at second kind and excavates the deep planting hole of 50～55cm on the ground, by 2～3 years oil generation Camellia sinensis
11b seedling (nursery station is commercially available) is planted in planting hole, and one layer of base manure of one layer of soil backfills to planting hole, tea oil tree tree
20d after Seedling plantation, pours once dilute rich water, contains 2% carbamide and 0.2% potassium chloride in the dilute rich water of one-level, and base manure is 10 weights
The green manure of amount part, the cake fertilizer mixing of the Calx of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions are become thoroughly decomposed and are obtained；August part
When open up cannelure in the tree stump periphery of tea oil tree, apply 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；?
The common vetch dish Seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close to be spaced at the bottom of the dam ridge 12 on the first planting site 111 and is planted by the autumn in the same year,
The width planting plant hole is 20～25 centimetres, and size is 20 × 20cm, plants by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish Seedling 11a should carry soil
Transplanting, does not hinder root system, pours root water after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than first kind of plant
Ground level 12～the 17cm on ground 111, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating and the one layer of leaves of earth's surface bedding in the first planting site 111, can
The leaveves being descended slowly and lightly from miscellaneous tree and Folium Pini carry out bedding；
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4～May common vetch dish starts bract bud, and after bract bud, daily night opens hole for water spraying and enters
Row 3～5min spreads spray, and before spore and carrying out topdressing with loose stool water or urea water after spore carries Seedling, and bract bud First Year is not to common vetch dish
Plucked；Carry out pinching along at the oil tea height of tree 100～110cm, using natural open centre shape training type, tea oil tree 11b is carried out
Shaping, trunk retains 5～7 major branches, and carries out with planting turning over whole and applying 500g nitrogen at tree root in March foot couple second
Fertilizer, during October, the tree stump periphery in tea oil tree opens up cannelure, applies 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic in cannelure
Fertile (cyclopentadienyl plump industry company limited in Shijiazhuang produces), tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；Tie rod is along branch life using soft rope
Long reverse direction is left behind, and the bamboo let that the other end ground of soft rope plugs is fixed, and the angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50
～55 °, after branch molding, soft rope is taken off, Post flowering removes all flowers；Second Year autumn is on first and second planting site
Broadcast sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), first kind plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation after cut receipts together with leaveves bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site,
After second kind of plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation, it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating；
From the beginning of the 3rd year, it is repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and apply once to help bud in 3, April
Fertilizer, before spore or carrying out topdressing with loose stool water or urea water after spore carries Seedling, after bract bud daily night open hole for water spraying carry out 3～
5min spreads spray, and 4～May plucks 3～4 times to common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, applies loose stool water once after plucking every time；
Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch so that the angle between major branch and trunk is 40～45 °, the side shoot on major branch is pruned
And prune the tip height making major branch less than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every plant of applying 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, applied for every plant during October
Plus 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer；Second Year autumn broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, the first planting site
Cut receipts bedding together with leaveves after upper Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation and, in the earth's surface of the first planting site, planted ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation for second kind
Afterwards it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating；Helping bud fertile is 50kg fire loam and 10l people and animals' urine is prepared and obtained.
Embodiment 2
Hold fire line successfully in selected hillside forest land to carry out refining mountain, select fine day to grill thoroughly burned for ground, by tree root, the careless root and stem of certain plants behind burning ground
Root out, hillside forest land site preparation is become staged, each planting site 11 after site preparation opens up along the equal pitch contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Being built a dam the ridge 12 using stone heap in domatic outside between ground 11, offers ditch 13, ditch 13 is along plantation in the middle part of each planting site 11
Ground 11 length direction open up and ditch 13 in the interior compartment of interval setting along its length 131, ditch 13 is separated by compartment 131
Become each tank, the two ends compartment 131 of each tank is respectively provided with first and second flowing water mouth 132, the cell wall outside tank opens up
Three flowing water mouths 133, the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 and first and second flowing water mouth 132 camber less flowing water mouth on same tank
Height be consistent (as the first-class mouth of a river height be less than the second mouth of a river height, then the height of the 3rd flowing water mouth 133 with
The height at the first-class mouth of a river is consistent), the compartment 131 on adjacent ditch 13 is in that interleaved shape is arranged, on adjacent ditch 13
3rd flowing water mouth 133 is in interleaved shape arrangement, and the top ditch 13 in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, the dam ridge 12 upper
It is provided with the sparge pipe 14 of horizontal shape arrangement outside portion, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe 14 is arranged at intervals with shower nozzle, the water outlet direction of shower nozzle
The side wall on the oblique sensing dam ridge 12, planting site 11 is divided into the first planting site 111 and the position positioned at ditch 13 inner side by ditch 13
In second planting site 112 in ditch 13 outside, the first planting site 111 using improved soil fill out whole form, improved soil is dry land
Soil, peat soil and fiery loam obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 0.8:1:0.4, and dry land soil is rice terrace draining dry field 3～6
The paddy soils that taken after month, do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2～3 times, and fiery loam is straw, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till
Fire ash native (native country in hillside forest land) with forest land obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 1:3；The height on the dam ridge 12 be 60～
80cm, it is 30～35cm that improved soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improved soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, the dam ridge 12 bottom
Extend in sandy soils, the width of the first planting site 111 is 30～40cm, the width of the second planting site 112 is 1～1.2m；
3～April of First Year plants at second kind and excavates the deep planting hole of 50～55cm on the ground, by 2～3 years oil generation Camellia sinensis
11b seedling (nursery station is commercially available) is planted in planting hole, and one layer of base manure of one layer of soil backfills to planting hole, tea oil tree tree
20d after Seedling plantation, pours once dilute rich water, contains 2% carbamide and 0.2% potassium chloride in the dilute rich water of one-level, and base manure is 10 weights
The green manure of amount part, the cake fertilizer mixing of the Calx of 2 weight portions, the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions are become thoroughly decomposed and are obtained；August part
When open up cannelure in the tree stump periphery of tea oil tree, apply 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；?
The common vetch dish Seedling 11a of artificial propagation is close to be spaced at the bottom of the dam ridge 12 on the first planting site 111 and is planted by the autumn in the same year,
The width planting plant hole is 20～25 centimetres, and size is 20 × 20cm, plants by spacing in the rows 15cm, during transplanting, common vetch dish Seedling 11a should carry soil
Transplanting, does not hinder root system, pours root water after cultivation, and pour water in ditch 13, and the water surface elevation in ditch 13 is less than first kind of plant
Ground level 12～the 17cm on ground 111, stops after the Frost's Descent irrigating and the one layer of leaves of earth's surface bedding in the first planting site 111, can
The leaveves being descended slowly and lightly from miscellaneous tree and Folium Pini carry out bedding；
Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4～May common vetch dish starts bract bud, and after bract bud, daily night opens hole for water spraying and enters
Row 3～5min spreads spray, and before spore and carrying out topdressing with loose stool water or urea water after spore carries Seedling, and bract bud First Year is not to common vetch dish
Plucked；Carry out pinching along at the oil tea height of tree 100～110cm, using natural open centre shape training type, tea oil tree 11b is carried out
Shaping, trunk retains 5～7 major branches, and carries out with planting turning over whole and applying 500g nitrogen at tree root in March foot couple second
Fertilizer, during October, the tree stump periphery in tea oil tree opens up cannelure, applies 300g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic in cannelure
Fertilizer, tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；Tie rod is to be left behind along the reverse direction of shoot growth using soft rope, and the other end of soft rope is used
The bamboo let plugging on ground is fixed, and the angle between adjustment major branch and trunk is 50～55 °, after branch molding, soft rope is taken off,
Post flowering removes all flowers；Second Year autumn broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, plants ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) for first kind and becomes
Cut after ripe receipts with leaveves together with bedding in the earth's surface of the first planting site, second kind plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) ripe after by it on the spot
Turn over and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating；
From the beginning of the 3rd year, it is repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and apply once to help bud in 3, April
Fertilizer, before spore or carrying out topdressing with loose stool water or urea water after spore carries Seedling, after bract bud daily night open hole for water spraying carry out 3～
5min spreads spray, and 4～May plucks 3～4 times to common vetch dish, does not injure root during harvesting, applies loose stool water once after plucking every time；
Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch so that the angle between major branch and trunk is 40～45 °, the side shoot on major branch is pruned
And prune the tip height making major branch less than 3.5m, before newly slightly sprouting, every plant of applying 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, applied for every plant during October
Plus 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer；Second Year autumn broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, the first planting site
Cut receipts bedding together with leaveves after upper Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation and, in the earth's surface of the first planting site, planted ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation for second kind
Afterwards it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating；Helping bud fertile is 50kg fire loam and 10l people and animals' urine is prepared and obtained.
In above-described embodiment 1,2, the plantation amount of every mu of common vetch dish is 2000～2500 plants, 330 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes of every mu of annual output,
The length plucking fresh common vetch dish is 15～20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.8～1.2cm, the fibrosiss journey of fresh common vetch dish
Degree is low.
The plantation of traditional level land, the plantation amount of mu common vetch dish is 4500～6000 plants, 300 kilograms of fresh common vetch dishes of every mu of annual output, plucks
The length of fresh common vetch dish is 15～20cm, and the root diameter (RD) of fresh common vetch dish root is 0.3～0.6cm, the fibrosiss journey on fresh common vetch dish surface
Degree is high.
In addition, in embodiment 1,2, third and fourth, 5 years every plant of tea oil trees can pluck 20～50 jin of Semen Camelliae, after 5 years,
Every plant of tea oil tree 11b can harvest 50～80 jin of Semen Camelliae.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art
For member, after knowing content described in the present invention, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it can also be made some
Equal conversion and replacement, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of tea oil tree interplanting, refers to the method in hillside forest land joint implant common vetch dish and tea oil tree, specifically includes
Following operating procedure:
S1: hillside forest land site preparation is become staged, each planting site after site preparation opens up along the equal pitch contour on hillside respectively, adjacent plantation
Being built a dam the ridge using stone heap in domatic outside between ground, offers ditch, ditch is along the length side of planting site in the middle part of each planting site
To open up and ditch in interior interval setting compartment along its length, ditch is separated into each tank, the two ends of each tank by compartment
First and second flowing water mouth is respectively provided with compartment, the cell wall outside tank opens up the 3rd flowing water mouth, the 3rd flowing water on same tank
The height of mouth is consistent with the height of the less flowing water mouth of first and second flowing water mouth camber, the 3rd flowing water on adjacent ditch
Mouth arrangement in interleaved shape, the top ditch in hillside forest land is connected with water supply installation, and the upper outside of Ba Geng is provided with horizontal stroke
The sparge pipe of shape arrangement, the pipe shaft of sparge pipe is arranged at intervals with hole for water spraying/shower nozzle, the water outlet direction of hole for water spraying/shower nozzle is oblique
Point to the side wall of Ba Geng, ditch planting site is divided into positioned at the first planting site inside ditch and is located at outside ditch second
Planting site, the first planting site using improved soil fill out whole form, improved soil is dry land soil, peat soil and fiery loam according to 0.5-
The weight of 0.8:1:0.2-0.4 obtains than mixed preparing, and dry land soil is the paddy soils being taken after rice terrace draining 3～June of dry field,
Do not sow crop during dry field and dig 2～3 times, the fire ash that fiery loam is straw, tree branches and leaves, weeds burn till and forest land soil according to
The weight of 1:2～3 obtains than mixed preparing；
S2: 3～April of First Year plants at second kind and excavates the deep planting hole of 50～55cm on the ground, by 2～3 years oil generation Camellia sinensis trees
Seedling is planted in planting hole, and one layer of base manure of one layer of soil backfills to planting hole, the 20d after the plantation of tea oil tree seedling, pours one
Secondary dilute rich water, in dilute rich water contain 2% carbamide and 0.2% potassium chloride, base manure is the green manure of 10 weight portions, the Calx of 2 weight portions,
The cake fertilizer mixing of the poultry muck of 15 weight portions and 8 weight portions is become thoroughly decomposed and is obtained；During August part, the tree stump periphery in tea oil tree opens up ring
Shape groove, applies 100g nitrogenous fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；The same year autumn by artificial propagation/wild
Common vetch dish Seedling plant to be close on the ground to be spaced at Ba Geng bottom at first kind and planted, and pour water in ditch, and the water in ditch
Face height is less than the ground level 12～17cm of the first planting site, stops irrigating and the earth's surface bedding in the first planting site after the Frost's Descent
One layer of leaves；
S3: Second Year starts after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and 4～May common vetch dish starts bract bud, and after bract bud, daily night opens hole for water spraying/spray
What head carried out 3～5min spreads spray/spray painting, and bract bud First Year is not plucked to common vetch dish；Enter along at the oil tea height of tree 100～110cm
Row pinching, carries out shaping using natural open centre shape training type to tea oil tree, and trunk retains 5～7 major branches, and at 3 the end of month
Second planting site is carried out turn over whole and apply 500g nitrogenous fertilizer at tree root, during October, the tree stump periphery in tea oil tree opens up annular
Groove, applies 500g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 2kg biological organic fertilizer in cannelure, and tea oil tree Post flowering carries out flower thinning；Second Year autumn exists
Broadcast sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, first kind plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation after cut receipts together with leaveves bedding the
It is turned over after second kind of plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation and buries, stops irrigating after the Frost's Descent by the earth's surface of one planting site on the spot；
S4: from the beginning of the 3rd year, be repeated below operation every year: start after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to irrigate, and in 3, April, common vetch dish is applied once
Help bud fertile, what after bract bud, daily night opened that hole for water spraying/shower nozzle carries out 3～5min spreads spray/spray painting, and 4～May is to the harvesting of common vetch dish
3～4 times；Tie rod is carried out to tea oil tree major branch so that the angle between major branch and trunk is 40～45 °, to the side shoot on major branch
Pruned and pruned and make the tip height of major branch be less than 3.5m, every plant of applying 800g nitrogenous fertilizer, October before newly slightly sprouting
When every plant apply 800g phosphorus potash fertilizer and 5kg biological organic fertilizer；Autumn broadcasts sowing Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) on first and second planting site, first kind of plant
Cut receipts bedding together with leaveves after the Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) maturation of ground, in the earth's surface of the first planting site, to plant ground Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici) for second kind and become
After ripe, it is turned on the spot and bury, stop after the Frost's Descent irrigating.
2. tea oil tree according to claim 1 interplanting method it is characterised in that: the height of Ba Geng is 60～80cm, changes
It is 30～35cm that good soil fills out whole thickness, and the downside that improved soil fills out flood is provided with sandy soils, and Ba Geng bottom extends to sand
In soil layer, the ground level of the second planting site is higher than the ground level 20～25cm of the first planting site.
3. tea oil tree according to claim 1 interplanting method it is characterised in that: improved soil is dry land soil, peat soil
Obtain than mixed preparing according to the weight of 0.5:1:0.2 with fiery loam.
4. tea oil tree according to claim 1 interplanting method it is characterised in that: help bud fertile for 50kg fire loam and 10l
People and animals' urine is prepared and is obtained.
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| CN107258256A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-10-20 | 湖南凤神油茶有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of tea oil tree |
| CN106717968A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 管天球 | A kind of method of the oil tea forest interplanting red sage root |
| CN107173007A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-19 | 攸县科种油茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of oil tea young growth interplants the cultural method of mountain rice |
| CN107318296A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-07 | 湖南省林业科学院 | A kind of oil tea new plantation soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping method |
| CN108605631A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of method of Mountainous Tea Garden interplanting Chinese milk vetch |
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| US8065968B2 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2011-11-29 | Weyerhaeuser Nr Company | Method of timberland management |
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| CN1278402A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-01-03 | 江三林 | Intercropping cultivation of rice in dry land |
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| CN103548542A (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2014-02-05 | 宁德市天星农业开发有限公司 | Method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii |
| CN104145660A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国市瑞龙生态农林开发有限公司 | Method for interplanting Ning fritillaria among fruit trees |
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