CN103548542A - Method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii - Google Patents
Method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548542A CN103548542A CN201310551054.2A CN201310551054A CN103548542A CN 103548542 A CN103548542 A CN 103548542A CN 201310551054 A CN201310551054 A CN 201310551054A CN 103548542 A CN103548542 A CN 103548542A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for interplanting old camellia oleifera and anoectochilus roxburghii and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the steps of selecting woodland, managing planting soil, setting an anoectochilus roxburghii culture bed, sterilizing the anoectochilus roxburghii culture bed, planting anoectochilus roxburghii, controlling the planted environment, fertilizing, managing insects and pests, harvesting and the like. According to the method provided by the invention, the used raw materials for deinsectization are plant ash, quicklime and mountain spring water which are prepared according to the proportion for sterilizing; the sterilization of self-prepared natural biopesticide is carried out through the full process of the growth of the anoectochilus roxburghii; pesticide does not need to be deliberately and repeatedly sprayed, and thus the spraying times are reduced, the moisture preservation without excessive moisture is realized. No pesticide residue, no root rotting, normal development and good growth of the anoectochilus roxburghii are ensured and the quality of extremely-precious rare medicinal materials, which is endowed by the anoectochilus roxburghii, is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural planting technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud.
Background technology
Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud (Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.) Lindl), another name Shorthairy Antenoron, rough melic herb, for the orchid family is opened lip epidendrum.The sweet property of its taste is flat, there are the functions such as clearing heat and cooling blood, expelling wind and removing dampness, Yin Yang balancing, the beauty treatment of promoting the production of body fluid, the regulation of qi and blood, enter kidney, the heart, lung three warps, can improve body immunity, strengthen the resistance of human body to disease, wider in the scope of application among the people, evident in efficacy to various diseases, have the laudatory titles such as " king of medicine ", " gold grass ", " refreshing medicine ", " bird ginseng ".It is reported, in roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, the content of amino acid composition, composition, content and activity of fighting against senium trace element is all higher than domestic wild American Ginseng.
The wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud of occurring in nature, to protect with other wild plant association or by physical features, shelters from just viable shade plant of part direct sunlight, and it likes best flickering sunlight and moistening weather, has extremely strong ground field selectivity.But due to the change of environment and generally adopt, disorderly dig, only dig and do not plant, cause originally day by day rarely, endangered with regard to rare wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, can not meet medical market demand at all, thus artificial establishing in large scale roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud have a extensive future, imperative.Existing cultivation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud has following three kinds of schemes: the first is a bottle cultivation for seedling roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, group training is the only stage which must be passed by that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is produced, but bottle seedling roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud only rests on this stage can be owing to growing at confined space for a long time, thereby group training matrix is added with a certain amount of hormone and causes fully not forming and causing pharmacological to decline containing active ingredients such as carbohydrate content, taurine, Cardiac glycosides in adapted process in addition, but also contain harmful material, the method of this production roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, is unworthy promoting; The second is green house plantation, the conditions such as the luminosity of green house, temperature, humidity, ventilation are controlled, can large-scale production, be not subject to seasonal restrictions, but investment is large, cost is high, and the active ingredient of impelling roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud fully forms the stage also needing through field domestication, and labour intensity is large; The third is underwood planting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, this way approaches natural environment plantation, the quality better of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, be worth high, but be subject to the invasion and attack of damage by disease and insect, and the general agricultural chemicals that adopts carries out deinsectization evil in existing roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud underwood planting, its defect is: adopt agricultural chemicals sterilization matrix, cause soil meta-alkalescence, soil property caking phenomenon is general, affect roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud root development, and in management, adopt pesticide spraying to carry out deinsectization evil, at damage by disease and insect, spray repeatedly continuously season occurred frequently especially, easily cause residue of pesticide and rhizome excessive moisture, cause rhizome and rot.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, overcoming existing roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud underwood planting adopts agricultural chemicals to carry out deinsectization evil, easily cause soil meta-alkalescence, thereby soil property caking phenomenon generally affects roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud root development, and the defect that residue of pesticide are serious, provide a kind of and copy wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud at the environment of the underground growth of broad leaved forest, and the surfactant being rich in the old oil tea leaf that utilizes old tea oil tree to drop is killed insect, without deliberately spraying insecticide, guarantee that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is residual without agriculture, unrooted stem rot is rotten, interplant respond well, output is high, the method of profitable old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud.
The method of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) forest land is selected: the old oil tea woods of selecting height above sea level 300～800m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.5～3m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, and ventilative, draining, water retention property are high, humidity between 70%～85%, light transmittance 50%～60%;
(2) planting soil arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed and arranges: every year by the end of February before or before carry out by the end of August planting soil arrangement, assorted shrub below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18～22cm, the cultivation height of bed 20～30cm, the wide 1～1.2m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon on cultivation bed per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm * 5cm, the mode of 500～1000 Zhu/㎡ is planted, that plantation should shallowly be avoided is dark, size minute is planted, and the rear compacting seedling surrounding of plantation is watered once permeablely with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening; As preferably, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, according to the ratios of 10/mu, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 3～5 years age of trees, the employing of described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree rationalizes parallel arrangement mode and transplants;
(5) after plantation, environment is controlled: during cultivation, keep 12～15 ℃ of ground moistening and soil temperature, 20～25 ℃ of growing area temperature;
(6) fertilising: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, every 15 days, use farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid, be diluted to 800～1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: the ratio in self-control natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100, self-control natural grass wood ash is dissolved in mountain spring water completely, use this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6～8 months, plant height 10～15cm, can gather while growing 5～8 leaves.
As being preferably that old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell fully burn and pass through and tremble the powder that screen(ing) machine filters out in above-mentioned steps (3) and the described self-control natural grass of step (7) wood ash.The natural quicklime of the described self-control of above-mentioned steps (3) adopts the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR to clay into power and makes.
The present invention has following advantage in the art: (1) interplants roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud under old tea oil tree can copy wild roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud at the environment of the underground growth of broad leaved forest, can utilize again the surfactant being rich in the old oil tea leaf dropping to kill insect, (2) ash of the deinsectization raw material that the present invention uses for fully burning and produce with old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell, quicklime, mountain spring water is prepared sterilization in proportion, the natural biological agricultural chemicals sterilization that autogamy forms is through the overall process of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud growth, depending on matrix wettability, quantitatively spray, avoided should the deinsectization of periodically sprinkle agricultural chemicals with mountain spring water, spraying moisturizing again in the past, reduced sprinkling amount 6-8 time, not only having prevented that rhizome excessive moisture from producing rots but also saves man-hour, guaranteed that roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud is residual without agriculture, unrooted stem rot is rotten, grow normal, well-grown, guaranteed the extremely precious rare medical material quanlity of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, (4) in planting site intercropping fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree, the faint yellow little Hua tool fragrance that fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree is outputed, plays anthelmintic action, and the root leaf of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree is also rich in surfactant, has the effect of Soil Anti damage by disease and insect concurrently, is beneficial to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud and grows.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block A
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 600m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 3m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, breathes freely, draining, water retention property be high, and humidity is 85%, light transmittance 50%;
(2) planting soil arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed and arranges: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 20cm, cultivation height of bed 30cm, the wide 1.2m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell are fully burnt and pass through and tremble screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and made the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon on cultivation bed per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm * 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, dark, size minute cultivation that plantation should shallowly be avoided, compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, according to the ratios of 10/mu, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 5 years age of trees, the employing of described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree rationalizes parallel arrangement mode and transplants;
(5) after plantation, environment is controlled: during cultivation, keep 12～15 ℃ of ground moistening and soil temperature, 20～25 ℃ of growing area temperature;
(6) fertilising: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, every 15 days, use farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid, be diluted to 800 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: the ratio in self-control natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100, self-control natural grass wood ash is dissolved in mountain spring water completely, use this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10～15cm, can gather while growing 5～8 leaves.
Embodiment 2: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block B
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 500m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.8m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, breathes freely, draining, water retention property be high, and humidity is 80%, light transmittance 55%;
(2) planting soil arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed and arranges: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18cm, cultivation height of bed 25cm, the wide 1m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell are fully burnt and pass through and tremble screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and made the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon on cultivation bed per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm * 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, dark, size minute cultivation that plantation should shallowly be avoided, compacting seedling surrounding after plantation, waters once permeable with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening, after plantation roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, according to the ratios of 10/mu, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 4 years age of trees, the employing of described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree rationalizes parallel arrangement mode and transplants;
(5) after plantation, environment is controlled: during cultivation, keep 12～15 ℃ of ground moistening and soil temperature, 20～25 ℃ of growing area temperature;
(6) fertilising: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, every 15 days, use farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid, be diluted to 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: the ratio in self-control natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100, self-control natural grass wood ash is dissolved in mountain spring water completely, use this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10～15cm, can gather while growing 5～8 leaves.
Embodiment 3: the plantation of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud test block C
(1) forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 500m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.8m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, breathes freely, draining, water retention property be high, and humidity is 80%, light transmittance 55%;
(2) planting soil arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed and arranges: at the beginning of 8 months, carry out planting soil arrangement, the assorted shrub below height 1m, rattan are removed, hold pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed successfully, described depth of drainage ditch 18cm, cultivation height of bed 25cm, the wide 1m of bed surface;
(3) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell are fully burnt and pass through and tremble screen(ing) machine and screen to make and make natural grass wood ash by oneself, the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR is clayed into power and made the natural quicklime of self-control, adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon on cultivation bed per mu;
(4) roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm * 5cm, the mode of 700 Zhu/㎡ is planted, that plantation should shallowly be avoided is dark, size minute is planted, and the rear compacting seedling surrounding of plantation is watered once permeablely with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening;
(5) after plantation, environment is controlled: during cultivation, keep 12～15 ℃ of ground moistening and soil temperature, 20～25 ℃ of growing area temperature;
(6) fertilising: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, every 15 days, use farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid, be diluted to 1000 times and apply fertilizer;
(7) Pest management: the ratio in self-control natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100, self-control natural grass wood ash is dissolved in mountain spring water completely, use this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
(8) gather: cultivate 6 months, plant height 10～15cm, can gather while growing 5～8 leaves.
Embodiment 4: the impact of old tea oil tree interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud on roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud upgrowth situation and output
Wherein the difference of the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud planting type of control group and test block C is: control group is not interplanted with old tea oil tree.From experimental result, can find out, old tea oil tree and roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud interplanting have effectively reduced the infringement of damage by disease and insect to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, have improved the plantation survival rate of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, and output is high.And can find out from the data of test block C and test block B, between fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree, plant prevention and elimination of disease and pests is had to certain effect.
Claims (4)
1. a method for old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Forest land is selected: select the old oil tea woods of height above sea level 300～800m, the line space of described old tea oil tree is 2.5～3m, and the humus soil soil property under old camellia oleifera lam is loose, breathe freely, draining, water retention property be high, humidity between 70%～85%, light transmittance 50%～60%;
Planting soil arranges with roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed and arranges: every year by the end of February before or before carry out by the end of August planting soil arrangement, assorted shrub below height 1m, rattan are removed, held successfully pavement, drain ditch and cultivation bed, described depth of drainage ditch 18～22cm, the cultivation height of bed 20～30cm, the wide 1～1.2m of bed surface;
Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud cultivation bed sterilization: adopt self-control natural grass wood ash and the natural quicklime of self-control to press 5:1 mixed preparing disinfectant, according to 2kg/ even being sprinkling upon on cultivation bed per mu;
Roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud plantation: by degree of depth 1cm, density 5cm * 5cm, the mode of 500～1000 Zhu/㎡ is planted, that plantation should shallowly be avoided is dark, size minute is planted, and the rear compacting seedling surrounding of plantation is watered once permeablely with mountain spring water, reach soil completely moistening;
After plantation, environment is controlled: during cultivation, keep 12～15 ℃ of ground moistening and soil temperature, 20～25 ℃ of growing area temperature;
Fertilising: the roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud season of growth, every 15 days, use farmers''s liquid fertilizer or methane liquid, be diluted to 800～1000 times and apply fertilizer;
Pest management: the ratio in self-control natural grass wood ash and mountain spring water 1:100, self-control natural grass wood ash is dissolved in mountain spring water completely, use this liquid to carry out regularly quantitatively spraying to roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud;
Gather: cultivate 6～8 months, plant height 10～15cm, can gather while growing 5～8 leaves.
2. the method for a kind of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud according to claim 1, is characterized in that step (3) and the described self-control natural grass of step (7) wood ash are that old oil tea leaf and tea seed shell fully burn and pass through and tremble the powder that screen(ing) machine filters out.
3. the method for a kind of old oil tea interplanting roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud according to claim 1, is characterized in that the natural quicklime of the described self-control of step (3) adopts the shell of shellfish by nest RT-PCR to clay into power and makes.
4. a kind of old oil tea according to claim 1 is interplanted the method for roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud, it is characterized in that planting after roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud in step (4) mode, according to the ratios of 10/mu, transplant the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree of 3～5 years age of trees, described fruit of a cubeb litsea tree tree adopts rationalization parallel arrangement mode to transplant.
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| CN103960030A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 福建省邵武市二都国有林场 | Method for cultivating anoectochilus formosanus in wild imitation mode |
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| CN103960030A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 福建省邵武市二都国有林场 | Method for cultivating anoectochilus formosanus in wild imitation mode |
| CN104137727A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-12 | 厦门加晟生物科技有限公司 | Planting method of anoectochilus formosanus |
| CN104137727B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-03-30 | 厦门加晟生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
| CN104082030B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-03-02 | 厦门锦泰谷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of underwood planting method of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
| CN104082030A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-08 | 厦门锦泰谷农业科技有限公司 | Underwood planting method of anoectochilus formosanus |
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| CN104145667B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽中盛食用油科技有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of Radix hemerocalis plicatae, Bulbus Lilii, Semen Caryae Cathayensis and oil tea |
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