CN105918051A - Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines - Google Patents
Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105918051A CN105918051A CN201610312378.4A CN201610312378A CN105918051A CN 105918051 A CN105918051 A CN 105918051A CN 201610312378 A CN201610312378 A CN 201610312378A CN 105918051 A CN105918051 A CN 105918051A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- greenhouse
- cultivation method
- management
- nectarines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 244000017714 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007862 Capsicum baccatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001728 capsicum frutescens Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005866 Lime sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000488583 Panonychus ulmi Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002568 Capsicum frutescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003640 drug residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010211 insect pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010153 self-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines. The cultivation method comprises the following specific steps: (1) early preparation, including variety selection and greenhouse construction; (2) cultivation; (3) tree shape cultivation; (4) mid-term management, including water and fertilizer management, temperature and humidity management, pest control and flower and fruit shoot management; (5) late picking. According to the cultivation method, a greenhouse body is sealed, and soil moisture and fertilizer retention is facilitated; the temperature in a greenhouse is reasonably regulated through a plurality of fans; ridges are formed for planting, an active soil layer can be deepened, the soil moisture is retained, and growth and development of roots of nectarine trees are facilitated; hit by coldness in the late spring is effectively resisted; aphids and red spiders are effectively controlled with a physical method; the flowering date is early, an individual nectarine fruit is large, the yield is high, the nectarine comes to market early, and the benefit is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines.
Background
The nectarine is rich in nutrition, warm in nature and good in palatability, is a favorite fruit of people, and is generally made into various canned snacks by people. And the current economic crop planting of fruits and the like is advocated by China vigorously.
The traditional cultivation method of the nectarine in the current market has the following defects: firstly, the flowering phase is late for one month, and the flower is not resistant to wind and cold (cold weather in late spring); secondly, drought and waterlogging are not endured; thirdly, the plant diseases and insect pests are more, the dosage is large, and the drug residue is difficult to control; fourthly, the mature period of the peaches is late, and the time for selling the peaches is nearly one month; fifthly, the peach has small size, low yield and low price.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines, which solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines comprises the following specific steps:
(1) early-stage preparation, which comprises variety selection and greenhouse building;
(2) cultivating, namely sterilizing the whole peach seedling by using lime sulphur mixture before planting; during field planting, uniformly stretching the periphery of the root system of the nectarine seedling, backfilling surface soil to the root, and compacting while backfilling soil; watering to enable the soil to be tightly combined with the root system, and ridging after the nectarine seedlings survive;
(3) tree-shaped cultivation;
(4) middle-term management, including water and fertilizer management, temperature and humidity management, pest control and flower and fruit branch and tip management; wherein,
and (3) water and fertilizer management: fertilizing every 10-15 days, wherein 50g of urea is applied per plant, controlling diseases and pests, and topdressing the leaves with 0.3% of urea and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate; applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer at the beginning of 7 months; spraying 15% paclobutrazol 200-300 times of liquid in the middle ten days of 7 months, spraying once every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times; applying a base fertilizer in autumn for 9-10 months, applying an organic fertilizer at 30-45 t/hm2 and a sulfur-containing compound fertilizer at 750kg/hm 2;
temperature and humidity management: from the stage of covering the greenhouse film to the flowering period, controlling the temperature at 10-28 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 5-10 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 70% -80%; from the young fruit period to the hard kernel period, controlling the temperature at 15-25 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 8-15 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 50-60%; from the fruit expanding period to the harvesting period, controlling the temperature at 15-30 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 10 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 60%;
and (3) pest control: adopting a solution which is 600 times that of 70 percent thiophanate methyl or 500 times that of 65 percent zineb for preventing and treating;
management of flower and fruit branches: 3-4 long fruit branches are reserved, 2-3 middle fruit branches are reserved, and 1 fruit is reserved in the short fruit branches; the distance between the two is 7-10 cm. Meanwhile, double branch buds are wiped off, and upright buds on the back of the cut are cut; when the secondary tips of the fruit tops grow to 5-6 leaves, timely pinching, extracting 5-6 leaves of new tips from the tips of the fruit tops at the 2 nd time, pinching again, and continuously wiping lateral buds; twisting other young shoots growing vigorously when the number of the leaves is 10, and controlling the young shoots growing vigorously;
(5) and (5) picking in the later period.
The invention further improves that: the nectarine seedling variety is greenhouse oil I or greenhouse oil II.
The invention further improves that: in the step (2), the plant-row spacing is 2m multiplied by 4m during planting; and (5) preparing pollinating trees, wherein the ratio of the pollinating trees is 6: 1.
The invention further improves that: in the step (2), the planting time is between 11 months and 3 months in the next year.
The invention further improves that: and (3) the tree shape is a natural open heart shape, and the tree is dried regularly when the height is 20-30 cm: and reserving three main branches, pinching when the main branches grow for 20cm, making side branches, and pinching or twisting the upper branches of the back of the sprout.
The invention further improves that: and (3) reserving 5-10 main branches on a main trunk of the tree form in the small crown spindle shape, reserving a result branch group on the main branches, and spacing the main branches in the same direction by 30-40 cm.
The invention further improves that: in the step (4), the pest control is prepared by soaking 40 g of tobacco powder in 1 kg of water for 48 hours and then filtering, when the stock solution is used, the same amount of water is added for dilution, and 3 g of washing powder is added, stirred uniformly and sprayed on plants.
The invention further improves that: in the step (4), 50g of dry red pepper is added with 1 kg of water for pest control, boiled for 20 minutes, dregs are removed, clear liquid is taken and added with water to be diluted to 150 times of the clear liquid, and the clear liquid is sprayed when the noon is hot.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cultivation method has the advantages that firstly, the shed body is closed, and the moisture and the water as well as the fertilizer are preserved favorably; secondly, the temperature in the greenhouse is reasonably adjusted through a plurality of fans; thirdly, ridging planting can deepen a living soil layer, not only can preserve soil moisture and water, but also is beneficial to the growth and development of the root system of the peach tree; fourthly, the method can effectively resist the invasion of late spring cold climate; fifthly, the aphids and red spiders of the peach trees are effectively prevented and controlled by a physical method; sixthly, the flowering phase is early, the peach is large, the yield is high, the market is early, and the benefit is good.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below.
A greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines comprises the following specific steps:
(1) early-stage preparation, which comprises variety selection and greenhouse building;
a. variety selection
Selecting a variety suitable for the climatic conditions of a planting area and greenhouse cultivation; wherein, the shed oil I is extremely early-maturing, is sold in the market from 4 months to 5 months, the fruit surface is thick red, the glossiness is extremely good, the average single fruit weight is 80g, the fruit pulp is yellow, and the taste is slightly sour; the shed oil II is early ripe, ripe in the middle ten days of 5 months, big fruits, 120g of average single fruit weight, yellow pulp, sweet taste, thick red fruit surface, bright color and good yield. No insect pollination pollen exists in greenhouse cultivation, and the main cultivated variety needs to be selected from varieties with large pollen quantity and high self-pollination rate.
b. Greenhouse building
The greenhouse cultivation garden is selected from plots with high and smooth terrain, loose soil, high soil organic matter content, good drainage condition and sufficient sunlight, the greenhouse is mainly made of steel, and the greenhouse is built in the middle ten days of 1 month.
(2) Cultivation of plants
The row spacing of the plants is required to be 2m multiplied by 4m so as to be beneficial to production management and ventilation and light transmission. And (4) configuring pollinated trees, wherein the ratio of the pollinated trees is generally 6: 1. Before planting, the seedlings need to be sprayed with 3 DEG Be lime sulfur mixture to sterilize the whole plants, so that pathogenic bacteria brought into an orchard are reduced. During field planting, uniformly stretching the periphery of the root system of the nectarine seedling, backfilling surface soil to the root, and compacting while backfilling soil; then root water is poured to ensure that the soil is tightly combined with the root system, and the peach seedlings form ridges after being survived. Planting is carried out from 11 months to 3 months in the next year, and planting is best carried out before the year.
(3) Tree-shaped cultivation;
firstly, the shape of a natural open heart is formed, the height of the stem is fixed at 20-30 cm, three main branches are reserved firstly, the core is removed when the stem grows for 20cm, the lateral branches are formed, and the core is removed or the tip is twisted on the back upper branch of the sprout.
And secondly, the tree is in a spindle shape, the tree form has small pruning amount, the tree crown is formed quickly, the branch bud amount is large, the fruit is large, and the purpose of early bearing and high yield can be achieved. The method is mainly characterized in that 5-10 main branches are planted on a main stem, fruiting branch groups are directly planted on the main branches, the interval between the main branches in the same direction is 30-40 cm, the length and thickness of the main branches do not exceed those of a central stem, and no obvious hierarchy exists.
(4) Middle-term management, including water and fertilizer management, temperature and humidity management, pest control and flower and fruit branch and tip management; wherein,
a. liquid manure management
When the nectarines start to grow, thin fertilizer is applied frequently, 1 quick-acting fertilizer is applied every 10-15 days, 50g of urea is applied per plant, diseases and insects are prevented and controlled, and foliage is topdressed with 0.3% of urea and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate. The application of nitrogen fertilizer is stopped at the beginning of 7 months, and phosphorus-potassium fertilizer can be applied. Spraying 15% paclobutrazol 200-300 times of liquid in the middle ten days of 7 months, spraying for 1 time every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times. And (3) applying a base fertilizer in autumn for 9-10 months, and applying an organic fertilizer of 30-45 t/hm2 and a sulfur-containing compound fertilizer of 750kg/hm 2. For fruit bearing trees, before the pre-emergence fertilizer is covered with a mulching film, 450kg/hm2 of urea is spread, after the fruit thinning work is finished, a fruit swelling fertilizer mainly containing a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is immediately spread, and 750kg/hm2 of a sulfur-containing compound fertilizer is applied in water; after harvesting and film uncovering, 750kg/hm2 of compound fertilizer is applied to water to restore tree vigor and promote growth of branch tips.
b. Temperature and humidity management
And paving an environment-friendly degradable mulching film on the ground 10 days before covering the greenhouse film so as to improve the ground temperature and promote the activity of the root system. In the early stage, from the stage of covering the greenhouse film to the stage of flowering, the temperature in the daytime is controlled to be 10-28 ℃, the temperature at night is kept at 5-10 ℃, and the humidity is kept at 70% -80%. From the young fruit period to the hard kernel period, the temperature is controlled to be 15-25 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature is controlled to be 8-15 ℃ at night, and the humidity is kept at 50-60%. The temperature is controlled to be 15-30 ℃ in the daytime from the fruit expanding period to the fruit harvesting period, the temperature is controlled to be about 10 ℃ at night, and the humidity is kept at 60%. The ventilation and cooling work is mainly done in the whole greenhouse period. Thus, the yield and the quality can be effectively improved, and the product can be put on the market early. The mature period is earlier than that of non-greenhouse cultivation by one month; the yield of peaches per mu is 2500 kilograms, and the yield is increased by 1000 kilograms compared with non-greenhouse cultivation; as the cultivation method is sold in the market early, the price is about 20 yuan/kg, which is 8-10 yuan/kg higher than that of non-greenhouse cultivation.
c. Pest control
The nectarine diseases mainly comprise leaf curl disease, bacterial perforation disease, gummosis and the like, and the sterilization before the field planting and the garden sealing in winter are well done, so that the occurrence of the diseases can be greatly reduced. Can also be controlled by using a solution which is 600 times that of 70 percent thiophanate methyl or 500 times that of 65 percent zineb.
The main pests include aphids, red spiders and the like, and the aphids can be controlled by physical methods such as tobacco water and the like. 40 g of tobacco powder is soaked in 1 kg of water for 48 hours and then filtered to obtain the tobacco powder, and when the stock solution is used, the same amount of water is added for dilution, if 3 g of washing powder is additionally added, the mixture is stirred uniformly and then sprayed on plants, so that the effect is better. Or spraying boiled water of dried red pepper. 50g of dry red pepper is added with 1 kg of water, boiled for 20 minutes, deslagged, taken clear liquid and added with water to be diluted to 150 times of the clear liquid, and the spraying effect is more prominent when the hot pepper is at noon. For preventing and treating red spider, it can trap mite pests of red spider with bone essence, bran essence, bean cake essence, sugar-vinegar active carbon, broth active carbon, etc., and then apply pulse electric killing.
d. Flower and fruit branch management
The bees are put in the shed or artificial pollination is carried out to improve the fruit setting rate. Fruit thinning is carried out after fruit setting, and mainly comprises the steps of thinning small fruits, malformed fruits, diseased fruits and double fruits. The fruit retention is generally determined according to the thickness and length of branches: 3-4 long fruit branches are reserved, 2-3 middle fruit branches are reserved, and 1 fruit is reserved in the short fruit branches; the interval is 7-10 cm. Meanwhile, double branch buds are removed, and upright buds on the back of the cut are cut off. When the secondary tips of the fruit tops grow to 5-6 leaves, timely pinching, picking 5-6 leaves of the new tips of the fruit tops again at the 2 nd time, continuously wiping lateral buds, twisting tips of other new tips growing vigorously when 10 leaves, and controlling the vigorous growth.
(5) And (5) picking in the later period.
The fruit can be harvested when the maturity of the fruit is 70-80%. When picking, the gloves are worn to achieve light picking, light placing and light transportation, and avoid bruising and squeezing the fruits. And (5) grading and packaging the picked seeds in time.
The invention provides a greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines, which is characterized in that firstly, a greenhouse body is closed, and soil moisture and water conservation and fertilizer conservation are facilitated; secondly, the temperature in the greenhouse is reasonably adjusted through a plurality of fans; thirdly, ridging planting can deepen a living soil layer, not only can preserve soil moisture and water, but also is beneficial to the growth and development of the root system of the peach tree; fourthly, the method can effectively resist the invasion of late spring cold climate; fifthly, the aphids and red spiders of the peach trees are effectively prevented and controlled by a physical method; sixthly, the flowering phase is early, the peach is large, the yield is high, the market is early, and the benefit is good. The mature period is earlier than that of non-greenhouse cultivation by one month; the yield of peaches per mu is 2500 kilograms, and the yield is increased by 1000 kilograms compared with non-greenhouse cultivation; the price is about 20 yuan/kg, which is 8-10 yuan/kg higher than that of non-greenhouse cultivation.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines is characterized in that: the cultivation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) early-stage preparation, which comprises variety selection and greenhouse building;
(2) cultivating, namely sterilizing the whole peach seedling by using lime sulphur mixture before planting; during field planting, uniformly stretching the periphery of the root system of the nectarine seedling, backfilling surface soil to the root, and compacting while backfilling soil; watering to enable the soil to be tightly combined with the root system, and ridging after the nectarine seedlings survive;
(3) tree-shaped cultivation;
(4) middle-term management, including water and fertilizer management, temperature and humidity management, pest control and flower and fruit branch and tip management; wherein,
and (3) water and fertilizer management: fertilizing every 10-15 days, wherein 50g of urea is applied per plant, controlling diseases and pests, and topdressing the leaves with 0.3% of urea and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate; applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizer at the beginning of 7 months; spraying 15% paclobutrazol 200-300 times of liquid in the middle ten days of 7 months, spraying once every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times; applying a base fertilizer in autumn for 9-10 months, applying an organic fertilizer at 30-45 t/hm2 and a sulfur-containing compound fertilizer at 750kg/hm 2;
temperature and humidity management: from the stage of covering the greenhouse film to the flowering period, controlling the temperature at 10-28 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 5-10 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 70% -80%; from the young fruit period to the hard kernel period, controlling the temperature at 15-25 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 8-15 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 50-60%; from the fruit expanding period to the harvesting period, controlling the temperature at 15-30 ℃ in the daytime, controlling the temperature at 10 ℃ at night and keeping the humidity at 60%;
and (3) pest control: adopting a solution which is 600 times that of 70 percent thiophanate methyl or 500 times that of 65 percent zineb for preventing and treating;
management of flower and fruit branches: 3-4 long fruit branches are reserved, 2-3 middle fruit branches are reserved, and 1 fruit is reserved in the short fruit branches; the distance between the two is 7-10 cm. Meanwhile, double branch buds are wiped off, and upright buds on the back of the cut are cut; when the secondary tips of the fruit tops grow to 5-6 leaves, timely pinching, extracting 5-6 leaves of new tips from the tips of the fruit tops at the 2 nd time, pinching again, and continuously wiping lateral buds; twisting other young shoots growing vigorously when the number of the leaves is 10, and controlling the young shoots growing vigorously;
(5) and (5) picking in the later period.
2. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nectarine seedling variety is greenhouse oil I or greenhouse oil II.
3. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the plant-row spacing is 2m multiplied by 4m during planting; and (5) preparing pollinating trees, wherein the ratio of the pollinating trees is 6: 1.
4. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the planting time is between 11 months and 3 months in the next year.
5. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) the tree shape is a natural open heart shape, and the tree is dried regularly when the height is 20-30 cm: and reserving three main branches, pinching when the main branches grow for 20cm, making side branches, and pinching or twisting the upper branches of the back of the sprout.
6. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) reserving 5-10 main branches on a main trunk of the tree form in the small crown spindle shape, reserving a result branch group on the main branches, and spacing the main branches in the same direction by 30-40 cm.
7. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the pest control is prepared by soaking 40 g of tobacco powder in 1 kg of water for 48 hours and then filtering, when the stock solution is used, the same amount of water is added for dilution, and 3 g of washing powder is added, stirred uniformly and sprayed on plants.
8. The greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), 50g of dry red pepper is added with 1 kg of water for pest control, boiled for 20 minutes, dregs are removed, clear liquid is taken and added with water to be diluted to 150 times of the clear liquid, and the clear liquid is sprayed when the noon is hot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610312378.4A CN105918051A (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610312378.4A CN105918051A (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105918051A true CN105918051A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
Family
ID=56834710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610312378.4A Pending CN105918051A (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105918051A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107258454A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-20 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of nectarine cultivars in greenhouse |
| CN107466764A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-15 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | One kind connects a warm canopy nectarine efficient cultivation method |
| CN107624812A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-26 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | It is a kind of to be used to prevent and treat bactericide of peach bleeding disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN108925345A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of cultural method extending peach flowering fruit bearing stage |
| CN110679254A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆高鹏生态农业有限公司 | Standardized drip irrigation culture process flow for crisp carmine peaches |
| CN111328615A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 山东康顿生态农业有限公司 | Method for constructing stable tree body structure of mountain peach orchard |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102440165A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-09 | 张媛媛 | Cultivation method of Annong honey peach tree |
| CN103858722A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 耒阳市肥田仙岭种养专业合作社 | Nectarine planting method |
| CN104206222A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-17 | 陈钱松 | Cultivation method for juicy peaches |
| CN104719070A (en) * | 2013-12-22 | 2015-06-24 | 重庆佰果香农业发展有限公司 | Juicy peach cultivating method |
| CN104737869A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-07-01 | 无锡太湖阳山水蜜桃科技有限公司 | Method for increasing yield of juice peaches |
-
2016
- 2016-05-13 CN CN201610312378.4A patent/CN105918051A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102440165A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-09 | 张媛媛 | Cultivation method of Annong honey peach tree |
| CN104719070A (en) * | 2013-12-22 | 2015-06-24 | 重庆佰果香农业发展有限公司 | Juicy peach cultivating method |
| CN103858722A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 耒阳市肥田仙岭种养专业合作社 | Nectarine planting method |
| CN104206222A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-17 | 陈钱松 | Cultivation method for juicy peaches |
| CN104737869A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-07-01 | 无锡太湖阳山水蜜桃科技有限公司 | Method for increasing yield of juice peaches |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107258454A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-20 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of nectarine cultivars in greenhouse |
| CN107466764A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-15 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | One kind connects a warm canopy nectarine efficient cultivation method |
| CN107624812A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-26 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | It is a kind of to be used to prevent and treat bactericide of peach bleeding disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN108925345A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of cultural method extending peach flowering fruit bearing stage |
| CN110679254A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆高鹏生态农业有限公司 | Standardized drip irrigation culture process flow for crisp carmine peaches |
| CN111328615A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 山东康顿生态农业有限公司 | Method for constructing stable tree body structure of mountain peach orchard |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105941065B (en) | Soft seed pomegranate greenhouse planting method | |
| CN103070001B (en) | Method for safely planting okra at high yield and high quality | |
| CN103843574A (en) | Planting method of Fuding large white tea | |
| CN102265767A (en) | Prunus humilis cultivation technology | |
| CN104025835A (en) | Clean and efficient culture technology for strawberry and water spinach crop rotation | |
| CN105918051A (en) | Greenhouse cultivation method for nectarines | |
| CN104770264A (en) | Tea tree cultivation method for increasing yield of tea seeds | |
| CN110679380B (en) | Grape cultivation management method | |
| CN106900461A (en) | A kind of vine tea and woody oleiferous plants crop, the bionical Compound Management method of mountain rice | |
| CN112154840A (en) | Cultivation method of elaeagnus conferta roxb pot culture | |
| CN102668832B (en) | Pot culture method for persimmons | |
| CN111727792A (en) | Plum tree premature high-yield regulation and control cultivation management technology | |
| CN114303817A (en) | Method for interplanting wormwood under fruit trees | |
| CN108782091A (en) | Method for improving seed reproduction yield of asparagus bean in south China | |
| CN107223438B (en) | A kind of fixed-drying management method of single-drying oil peony | |
| CN104160855A (en) | Method for improving quality and increasing number of collard seed production | |
| CN104160856B (en) | A kind of cultivation method improving kale cut-flower amount and production of hybrid seeds amount | |
| CN112655550A (en) | Fruit cucumber hybrid seed production method | |
| CN112425433A (en) | High-quality and high-yield planting method for blood oranges in taluoke | |
| CN108541541A (en) | A kind of winter-spring season interplants the cultural method of southern brassica campestris var purpurea in northern greenhouse vine | |
| CN110313371B (en) | Method for cultivating plateau coronarium | |
| CN107278564A (en) | Organic bright red mandarin orange and the method for pea spacing sleeve cropping | |
| CN113079932A (en) | Cultivation method for reducing fruit cracking rate of prunus salicina | |
| CN112425436A (en) | Planting method for intercropping blueberry and asparagus cochinchinensis | |
| CN107258304B (en) | A kind of cultivation method of winter and spring two-harvest eggplant and rice rotation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160907 |