CN104303765B - The high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium - Google Patents
The high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303765B CN104303765B CN201410528102.0A CN201410528102A CN104303765B CN 104303765 B CN104303765 B CN 104303765B CN 201410528102 A CN201410528102 A CN 201410528102A CN 104303765 B CN104303765 B CN 104303765B
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- 240000004638 Dendrobium nobile Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proline Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020197 coconut milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000000836 Epigaea repens Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000258539 Epigaea repens Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241001523681 Dendrobium Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000026010 Dendrobium candidum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000229499 Dendrobium loddigesii Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000015220 Febrile disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010036067 polydipsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-yield planting method of stem of noble dendrobium, step includes：In vitro nursery, transplant and harvesting.Through the above way, the high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium of the present invention, can not only greatly improve the yield of the stem of noble dendrobium, and can effectively prevent seedling from being threatened by pest and disease damage, improve the quality of the stem of noble dendrobium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for growing dendrobium field, the high-yield planting method of more particularly to a kind of stem of noble dendrobium.
Background technology
The stem of noble dendrobium is the perennial herbaceous plant that grows nonparasitically upon another plant of orchid family.It is used as medicine with stem.There are tonifying-Yin and nourishing-stomach, clearing heat and promoting fluid and improving kidney and eyes
Effect, controls the diseases such as consumption of YIN caused by febrile disease, dry polydipsia, deficiency of food are retched, abnormal heat is not moved back, is distributed in Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, lake
The provinces and regions such as north, Guangdong, Guangxi, it is mostly wild, also there is a small amount of cultivation, making the medicinal stem of noble dendrobium in China has kind more than 20, common are：
HERBA DENDROBII, dendrobium candidum, HERBA DENDROBII, dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe, in Sichuan Hejiang, the stem of noble dendrobium of cultivation has crab orchid, fish maw orchid etc., crab
Crab orchid germination and growth is fast, and the index of aridity and yield are all higher, expensive with " the western maple bucket " of stem of noble dendrobium processing for stem of noble dendrobium treasure.
But the implantation methods of the present stem of noble dendrobium are also immature, and yield is relatively low, and it is difficult to ensure that the quality of the stem of noble dendrobium, so people
Need more to meet the method for growing dendrobium of requirement.
The content of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of providing a kind of high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium, with yield is high, quality
Good the advantages of, while having extensive market prospects in the application and popularization of method for growing dendrobium.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is：
A kind of high-yield planting method of stem of noble dendrobium is provided, its step includes：
The in vitro nursery of one,：Configuration adventitious bud induction culture base, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to adventitious bud induction culture base；Choosing
The blade and tender stem of the no disease and pests harm of the stem of noble dendrobium are selected as explant, is sheared off explant with the cutter sterilized, the explant
The length of body is 0.5cm-1cm；Explant is put into adventitious bud induction culture base and is cultivated；After 15-20 days, configuration propagation
Culture medium, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to proliferated culture medium；Selection grows the explant of sprouting, and the explant with sprouting is put into
To in proliferated culture medium, cultivate 10-15 days；Configuration root media, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to root media；Selection grows
The explant of clump bud, and put it into and cultivated in root media；
Two, transplants：Selection moistening, dim light, ventilation, the plantation field of sandy soil, and combine deep ploughing basal dressing；Planting
Plant Tanaka and make width 30-40cm, 100-120cm long, the furrow of 15-17cm high；The cool canopy of 1.5-2.0m is taken on plantation field, in cool canopy
Temperature be 15-30 DEG C, humidity be 60% -90%；In plantation, Tanaka uniformly sows bark, wood chip and liver moss；After 20-30 days,
Selection has the explant of flourishing root system as regeneration plant, and wraps up one layer of liver moss in the root of regeneration plant；According to 10-
The seeding row spacing of 20cm, by Transplantation of Regenerated Plantlets to plantation field, is filled to 7-10cm with fine sand or small gravel, is poured after compression and is determined root
Water；Second Year starts after plantation, in the 3-4 months and the 10-11 months, carries out a weeding and imposes the supernatant of well-rotted farmyard manure；
Every year between the 5-10 months, every 1-2 month, foliage fertilization is carried out with calcium superphosphate or 1% potassium sulfate that mass ratio is 2%；
Before annual spring germination or when harvesting the stem of noble dendrobium, part old branch and deadwood should be cut off, and grow overstocked stem branch so that shade rate
It is 55%-65%；
Three, are harvested：After cultivation 2-3, when being harvested between the 10-4 months, with scissors or reaping hook from basal part of stem by old plant
Shear off, retain tender strain.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in cultured in vitro, 25 DEG C~28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 9-10
Hour, intensity of illumination is 1800~1900lx.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition and composition and its component of the base manure include：50-80 parts of oil
Cake, 80-100 part of bean dregs, 40-60 parts of cow dung, 40-60 parts of pig manure, 60-80 parts of fertile mud, 20-30 parts of attachment fertilizer
Material, 10-20 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 5-10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the adventitious bud induction culture base includes：MS culture mediums, sugar
35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and coconut milk 100ml/L.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the proliferated culture medium includes：MS culture mediums, NAA 0.1g/
L, 6-BA 0.2g/L, proline 0.3g/L, sugar 35g/L, banana 100g/L and agar 3.7g/L.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the root media includes：1/2MS culture mediums, NAA
0.2g/L, 6-BA 0.1g/L, proline 0.3g/L, sugar 35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and banana 100g/L.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adventitious bud induction culture base, the proliferated culture medium and the life
The pH value of root culture medium is 5.6-5.8.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, attachment fertilizer includes the one kind or many in oil foot, pig hair, bean dregs or human hair
Kind.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The yield of the stem of noble dendrobium can be not only greatly improved, and can effectively prevent children
Seedling is threatened by pest and disease damage, improves the quality of the stem of noble dendrobium.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
All other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
The embodiment of the present invention includes：
A kind of high-yield planting method of stem of noble dendrobium, its step includes：
The in vitro nursery of one,：Configuration adventitious bud induction culture base, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to adventitious bud induction culture base；
Select the blade and tender stem of the no disease and pests harm of the stem of noble dendrobium as explant, cut explant with the cutter sterilized
Come, the length of the explant is 0.5cm-1cm；
Explant is put into adventitious bud induction culture base and is cultivated；
After 15-20 days, proliferated culture medium, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to proliferated culture medium are configured；
Selection grows the explant of sprouting, and the explant with sprouting is put into proliferated culture medium, cultivates 10-15
My god；
Configuration root media, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to root media；
Selection grows the explant of clump bud, and puts it into and cultivated in root media；
Two, transplants：Selection moistening, dim light, ventilation, the plantation field of sandy soil, and combine deep ploughing basal dressing；
In plantation, Tanaka makees width 30-40cm, 100-120cm long, the furrow of 15-17cm high；
The cool canopy of 1.5-2.0m is taken on plantation field, the temperature in cool canopy is 15-30 DEG C, humidity is 60% -90%, on the sunny side
Face hangs a straw screen or mat, with profit regulation humiture and penetrating fresh air, and often keeps the moistening of furrow face；
In plantation, Tanaka uniformly sows bark, wood chip and liver moss, because the stem of noble dendrobium is epiphyte, attached master grows shadow to it
Sound is larger, and the stem of noble dendrobium is to absorb nutrient and moisture content in atmosphere by exposed aerial root, so needing to be provided enough for the stem of noble dendrobium
Object of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, and bark, wood chip and liver moss can improve stem of noble dendrobium survival rate on the basis of, the stem of noble dendrobium is improved to greatest extent
Medical value, while can select to sow limestone particle；
After 20-30 days, selection has the explant of flourishing root system as regeneration plant, and is wrapped up in the root of regeneration plant
One layer of liver moss；
According to the seeding row spacing of 10-20cm, by Transplantation of Regenerated Plantlets to plantation field, filled to 7- with fine sand or small gravel
10cm, pours root water after compression；
Second Year starts after plantation, in the 3-4 months and the 10-11 months, carries out a weeding and imposes the upper of well-rotted farmyard manure
Clear liquid, the fertilising water time and number of times it is main according to humidity in canopy depending on, Shaoshi during high humidity in canopy, duty is applied when suffering from a severe drought, flood
When Shaoshi, it should be noted that in canopy epidemic disaster change, flexibly grasp；
During weeding will it is long between stem of noble dendrobium strain and around weeds and dry branches and fallen leaves removing then may be used；
Every year between the 5-10 months, every 1-2 month, root is carried out with calcium superphosphate or 1% potassium sulfate that mass ratio is 2%
Outer fertilising；
Before annual spring germination or when harvesting the stem of noble dendrobium, part old branch and deadwood should be cut off, and grow overstocked stem branch, made
It is 55%-65% to obtain shade rate；
After the stem of noble dendrobium is planted 5 years, plant sprouts a lot, and old root is dead, and matrix is rotted, and infection process makes plant strain growth not
It is good, therefore should turn over the root and stem of certain plants according to growing state, remove dry and decayed old root, carry out plant division, separately cultivate, with promote plant growth and
Increasing both production and income；
Three, are harvested：After cultivation 2-3, harvested between the 10-4 months, now, the stem of noble dendrobium has stopped growing, branch stem is solid full
Full, water content is few, and the index of aridity is high, and crudy is good, is sheared off old plant from basal part of stem with scissors or reaping hook, retains tender strain,
So that the coming year continuously harvests, plantation in a year is reached, for many years benefited purpose.
In cultured in vitro, 25 DEG C~28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 9-10 hours, intensity of illumination be 1800~
1900lx。
The composition and composition and its component of the base manure include：50-80 parts of oil cake, 80-100 parts of bean dregs, 40-60 parts
Cow dung, 40-60 parts of pig manure, 60-80 parts of fertile mud, 20-30 parts of attachment fertilizer, 10-20 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 5-10 parts
Nitrogenous fertilizer.
The composition of the adventitious bud induction culture base includes：MS culture mediums, sugar 35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and coconut milk
100ml/L。
The composition of the proliferated culture medium includes：MS culture mediums, NAA 0.1g/L, 6-BA 0.2g/L, proline 0.3g/
L, sugar 35g/L, banana 100g/L and agar 3.7g/L.
The composition of the root media includes：1/2MS culture mediums, NAA 0.2g/L, 6-BA 0.1g/L, proline
0.3g/L, sugar 35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and banana 100g/L.
The pH value of the adventitious bud induction culture base, the proliferated culture medium and the root media is 5.6-5.8.
Attachment fertilizer includes one or more in oil foot, pig hair, bean dregs or human hair.
The beneficial effect of the high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium of the present invention is：The yield of the stem of noble dendrobium can be not only greatly improved, and
And can effectively prevent seedling from being threatened by pest and disease damage, improve the quality of the stem of noble dendrobium.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, the scope of the claims of the invention is not thereby limited, it is every to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright description is made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related technology necks
Domain, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of stem of noble dendrobium, it is characterised in that step includes：
The in vitro nursery of one,：
Configuration adventitious bud induction culture base, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to adventitious bud induction culture base；
Select the blade and tender stem of the no disease and pests harm of the stem of noble dendrobium as explant, sheared off explant with the cutter sterilized, institute
The length for stating explant is 0.5cm-1cm；
Explant is put into adventitious bud induction culture base and is cultivated；
After 15-20 days, proliferated culture medium, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to proliferated culture medium are configured；
Selection grows the explant of sprouting, and the explant with sprouting is put into proliferated culture medium, cultivates 10-15 days；
Configuration root media, and the sterilization that carried out disinfection to root media；
Selection grows the explant of clump bud, and puts it into and cultivated in root media；
The composition of the adventitious bud induction culture base includes：MS culture mediums, sugar 35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and coconut milk 100ml/
L；The composition of the proliferated culture medium includes：MS culture mediums, NAA 0.1g/L, 6-BA 0.2g/L, proline 0.3g/L, sugar
35g/L, banana 100g/L and agar 3.7g/L；The composition of the root media includes：1/2MS culture mediums, NAA 0.2g/L,
6-BA 0.1g/L, proline 0.3g/L, sugar 35g/L, agar 3.7g/L and banana 100g/L；The adventitious bud induction culture base,
The pH value of the proliferated culture medium and the root media is 5.6-5.8；
Two, transplants：
Selection moistening, dim light, ventilation, the plantation field of sandy soil, and combine deep ploughing basal dressing；
In plantation, Tanaka makees width 30-40cm, 100-120cm long, the furrow of 15-17cm high；
The cool canopy of 1.5-2.0m high is taken on plantation field, the temperature in cool canopy is 15-30 DEG C, humidity is 60% -90%；
In plantation, Tanaka uniformly sows bark, wood chip and liver moss；
After 20-30 days, selection has the explant of flourishing root system as regeneration plant, and wraps up one layer in the root of regeneration plant
Liver moss；
According to the seeding row spacing of 10-20cm, by Transplantation of Regenerated Plantlets to plantation field, 7-10cm, pressure are filled with fine sand or small gravel
Root water is poured after tight；
Second Year starts after plantation, in two time periods of the 3-4 months and the 10-11 months, a weeding is carried out respectively and is imposed to become thoroughly decomposed
The supernatant of farm manure；
Every year between the 5-10 months, every 1-2 month, with calcium superphosphate or 1% potassium sulfate that mass ratio is 2% applied outside root
Fertilizer；
Before annual spring germination or when harvesting the stem of noble dendrobium, part old branch and deadwood should be cut off, and grow overstocked stem branch so that shady
Degree of covering is 55%-65%；
Three, are harvested：
After cultivation 2-3, when being harvested between the 10-4 months, old plant is shear off from basal part of stem with scissors or reaping hook, protected
Stay tender strain.
2. the high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in cultured in vitro, cultivation temperature
25 DEG C~28 DEG C, daily illumination 9-10 hours, intensity of illumination was 1800~1900lx.
3. the high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the composition and its component of the base manure
Including：50-80 parts of oil cake, 80-100 parts of bean dregs, 40-60 parts of cow dung, 40-60 parts of pig manure, 60-80 parts of fertile mud,
20-30 parts of attachment fertilizer, 10-20 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 5-10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer.
4. the high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that attachment fertilizer include oil foot, pig hair,
One or more in bean dregs or human hair.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104904593A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 安徽霍山鹏泽生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium planting method |
| CN107494221A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-22 | 赤水市信天中药产业开发有限公司 | A kind of method for potted of HERBA DENDROBII |
| CN108812165A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽三生缘时代生物科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of dendrobium nobile |
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