CN104311339B - Cultivation medium and artificial cultivation method for portulaca pilosa - Google Patents
Cultivation medium and artificial cultivation method for portulaca pilosa Download PDFInfo
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- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 85
- 241000219304 Portulacaceae Species 0.000 claims description 85
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- ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound COCC(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation medium for portulaca pilosa. The cultivation medium is prepared from the following components including culture soil, nutrient solution and disinfection and sterilization powder. The invention also discloses an artificial cultivation method for the portulaca pilosa. The artificial cultivation method comprises the following steps: with tender stems of the portulaca pilosa as a propagation material, pruning, inserting the pruned tender stems into the cultivation medium, and spraying a certain amount of water every day with water drops dropping from leaf surfaces for suitability, thus avoiding the leaf surfaces from evaporating and wilting until rooting; and by virtue of cultivation and management for 3-4 weeks, enabling the tender stems to root and grow to become new plants. The cultivation medium and the artificial cultivation method have the advantages that the cultivation medium fully meets the needs of growth and development of the portulaca pilosa; with the adoption of the artificial cultivation method, survival rate reaches up to 98 percent, a root system of the portulaca pilosa is developed, operation is simple and is easy to grasp, and the artificial cultivation method is feasible in spring, summer and autumn and is beneficial to popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artificial technical field of cultivation of plant, be specifically related to cultivation matrix and the artificial cultivation method of a kind of crinosity purslane.
Background technology
Crinosity purslane (Portulaca pilosa), is Portulacaceae portulaca, belongs to narrow leaf purslane.Be distributed widely in South East Asia and coastal area of southeastern China sand ground and open ground.
Crinosity purslane, the raw multi-branched of stem thicket, the closely cylindrical or narrow lanceolar of blade, on stem or axil place is close is dredged pubescence by white is long, and flower rose, diameter is about 2cm, and the florescence is the 5-8 month.There is the features such as high temperature resistant, drought-enduring, cold-resistant, barren-resistant, illumination is required strict, require that soil pH value is at 5.5-7.0, can to prepare with other cover plants or as Green Roof Plants, simple and convenient management.Not only side root is flourishing, cauline leaf is in great numbers, germination is strong for its, and disease and pest is few, but crinosity purslane is fleshy stem, not water-fast wet, to the ventilation of soil and drainage condition requirement very high.
Crinosity purslane is as Wild Ma Chi Xian kind, and prosthetic is cultivated still at present.Along with the development of urbanization, urban afforestation land used growing tension, roof greening has Economization on land, building energy conservation, retains rainwater, purifies air, alleviates Urban Storm Flood pressure and reduce the significant ecological benefits such as tropical island effect, is more and more subject to the attention of countries in the world.China just begins one's study roof greening technology from the sixties in 20th century, develops more late, and roof greening technology and research relatively lag behind compared to American-European countries.In the Selection of Green Roof Plants process of nearly 20 years, although successful Application about 100 kinds of (containing kind) plants, but present stage China be widely used, to show excellent Green Roof Plants be the plant that applicable roof garden (heavy roof greening) is applied mostly for strong adaptability, growing way, for light roof greening, except grass kind plant, only have the application of crassulaceae plants Linear Stonecrop Herb one more, Plant Ecological Community is dull, and floristics is single, shortage life.Good city is carried out at roof greening, as Beijing and Shanghai, Linear Stonecrop Herb applies in Urban Roof greening in a large number, account for 50% of sum, this structure of community often color is dull, and diversity is not high, for a long time, large-area plantation one kind of plant, group is extremely fragile, easily causes degeneration and disease and pest to increase, and then causes plant Large Scale Death.There is phenomenon that is slow, irregular, the even full level ground death of alopecia areata of emerging in the linear stonecrop for roof greening in Beijing, Shanghai a few days ago.Therefore, the light roof greening plant variety that China is suitable for ecological environment-friendly type is at present rare, has that roof greening ecologic community is dull, landscape effect is poor, ignore the problems such as the herbal application in excellent native soil.Applying if crinosity purslane can obtain breeding, will the present situation that China's light roof greening plant variety is rare, floristics is single being improved, the industrialized development of building greatly promoting light roof greening.
Crinosity purslane is annual herb plant, and regenerative power is stronger under field conditions (factors).In current domestic Selection of Green Roof Plants, people reselection procedure perennial plant; To the exploitation of purslane, the attention focusing of domestic majority is in the economic worth and pharmaceutical use of wide leaf purslane.And understand less to the afforestation effect of purslane, especially the morphological specificity, Physiology and biochemistry proterties etc. of crinosity purslane are then almost still in space state.So for a long time, domesticly also do not formed the crinosity purslane Reproduction base of advising greatly and touching, artificial growth crinosity purslane is the road solving crinosity purslane afforestation seedling source, realize the certainty that crinosity purslane is significantly applied.
The propagation method of current crinosity purslane has following several:
(1) seminal propagation: the seed of crinosity purslane is tiny, bloom while set seeds, namely ftracture after seed maturity the characteristic of being scattered voluntarily, artificially collect not easily, and easily collecting is to the seed not reaching physiological maturity, percentage of germination is at about 45%-60%, and the resting stage of seed reaches could germinate for more than 6 months.For Production of Large Fields, need the time and efforts of at substantial.
(2) cottage propagation: conventional cottage propagation surviving rate can reach about 70%-80%, compares the plant germplasm resource that waste is wild.
(3) tissue culture propagating method: conditional request is high, by force technical, is unfavorable for promoting.
As can be seen here, all difficult realization of above method had both saved crinosity purslane Wild ornamental resources, again can mass-producing, industrialization production crinosity purslane target.
Wild Ma Chi Xian is common 3 kinds: wide leaf purslane, narrow leaf purslane and displaying horse bitterroot, crinosity Portulaca narrow leaf purslane, and narrow leaf purslane is resisted cold drought resisting, and wide leaf purslane leaf is large and plump, but does not resist cold, comparatively drought resisting.Because the attention focusing of domestic majority is in the economic worth and pharmaceutical use of wide leaf purslane, therefore the artificial cultivation technique for wide leaf purslane is only had at present, it is disclosed that following technical characteristic: choose fertile, loose, neutral or weakly acidic soil, and used in combination with decomposed manure, composite fertilizer; Send out from seeding-growth the strong plant choosing that branch is many, growing way is vigorous and adopt cuttings, every section will be left 3-5 joint, cuttings is buried 3 cm, and seeding row spacing 10 centimetres * 23 centimetres, is selected in overcast and rainy cuttage, as fine day cuttage, should in the afternoon 4 time after, insert after should take measure of shading, if soil lack of water, water at dusk, until to live (Liu Rongbin. edible wild herbs purslane artificial culture new technology. " Agriculture of Anhui " the 4th phase in 2004 the 6th page).
Though wide leaf purslane and narrow leaf purslane belong to Wild Ma Chi Xian together, but habit is different, its cultivation management method is also thus different, especially more strict to the requirement of soil, specifically the potential of hydrogen of soil and physical properties, as draining, breathes freely and water-retentivity etc.Chinese patent CN103288538A discloses a kind of fruit tree compost, comprise mountain mud, garden mould, river sand, soil ulmin, wood chip, compost, bone meal, sterilizing agent and pH adjusting agent, wherein sterilizing agent is the one in Peracetic Acid and Efficacious Disinfeitant, pH adjusting agent is the one in slaked lime and sodium bicarbonate, this compost water holding good permeability, proportion is suitable, comprehensive nutrition, but be only applicable to various fruit tree, inapplicable to crinosity purslane.Chinese patent CN103274819A discloses a kind of flowers compost, comprise mountain mud, garden mould, soil ulmin, plant ash, compost, sterilizing agent and pH adjusting agent, wherein sterilizing agent is the one in potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide, pH adjusting agent is the one in unslaked lime and soda ash, this compost is alkaline compost, and crinosity purslane requires that soil pH value is at 5.5-7.0, therefore this compost is also inapplicable to crinosity purslane.
In sum, the cultivation matrix being applicable to cultivate crinosity purslane and corresponding artificial cultivation technique is not yet had at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to fill up blank of the prior art, the cultivation matrix of a kind of crinosity purslane is provided.
A cultivation matrix for crinosity purslane, comprises compost, nutritive medium and sterilizing agent, described compost comprise in rural area soil and rice husk ash, river sand, peat, coconut husk block and bagasse one or more, wherein a kind of composition is rural area soil;
Described nutritive medium comprises at least one in humic acids and seaweed fertilizer;
Described sterilizing agent comprise in sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder, second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, agricultural streptomycin wettable powder and carbendazol wettable powder one or more.
Further, described compost comprises the raw material of following weight part: rural area soil 30-40 part, rice husk ash 10-15 part, river sand 8-12 part, peat 15-20 part, coconut husk block 6-10 part and bagasse 8-12 part.
Further, described compost also comprises the one in the following base starting material of 4-8 part: the tea dregs of rice, garden waste, compost, carbonization rice husk.
Further, described nutritive medium comprises the raw material of following weight part: humic acids 2-8 part, seaweed fertilizer 1-7 part and 1000 parts, clear water.
Further, by 60% sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder and 70% second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, described sterilizing agent with volume ratio is that 2-3:1 mixes obtained.
The present invention also provides a kind of crinosity purslane Wild ornamental resources can saved, and mass-producing, industrialization can produce the artificial cultivation method of Fast-propagation crinosity purslane again.
An artificial cultivation method for crinosity purslane, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare cultivation matrix: the preparation carrying out compost according to proportioning, use nutritive medium to water pouring compost, be sprinkled into disinfection pulvis in compost, obtained cultivation matrix, by cultivation matrix lay on furrow face;
(2) beta pruning: the tender stem of crinosity purslane of clip second branch, each tender stem has 1-6 three grades of branches;
(3) cuttage: the beta pruning bottom of step (2) is cut into wedge shape, inserts in cultivation matrix;
(4) growth-promoting root growth: clear water spray is carried out to the beta pruning after step (3) cuttage, during clear water spray, water is sprayed on the cauline leaf of cuttage beta pruning, when becoming a fine day, water spraying time should in the morning or at dusk, when it is cloudy, daytime all can carry out any time, each spray has globule drippage to be advisable with blade face, survives until take root; Until the beta pruning of cuttage take root survive after carry out somatotrophic process of topdressing;
(5) field planting: take root after the beta pruning that survives grows to 10-12cm until step (4) and carry out being with native field planting.
Described step (4) topdress that process fertilizer used comprises in 0.15% copperas solution, 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution one or more; Further, the solution that described fertilizer is 0.15% copperas solution, 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution are mixed to get with volume ratio 1-2:3-6:1:1, fertilization mode is leaf fertilising or loose executes rear use clear water spray.
The artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane also comprises diseases prevention management, and described diseases prevention management comprises white blister control: their early stage sprays 53% Metalaxyl-M mancozeb wettable powder 800-1000 times of diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 15-20 days; The control of Powdery Mildew: their early stage sprays 70% thiophanate methyl 800-1000 times diluent and 25% triadimefon 1500-000 times diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 7-10 days, and the cauline leaf removing band pathogeny in time; The control of sclerotium disease: use the 1500 times of diluent spraying controls of 25% metaxanin, 800 times of diluents, 40% dimetachlone, 1000 times of diluents and 50% vinclozolin, spray 2-3 time for one month; The control of virus disease: use the 500 times of diluent spraying controls of 20% viral A wettable powder, spray 1-2 time for one month.
The artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane also comprises insect protected management, and described insect protected management comprises preventing and kill off of the wild snout moth's larva of purslane: use 10% killing logvalue EC 2000-3000 times of diluent to spray; Preventing and kill off of snail: spread unslaked lime and prevent and kill off, uses 5-10kg unslaked lime, is sprinkling upon near plant for every mu, or sprays 70-100 ammoniacal liquor poisoning doubly night.
The artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane, also comprises in canopy and shading and spraying and moisturizing, keeps canopy humidity 60-85%.
Place needed for the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane of the present invention is base, outdoor nursery, bamboo-wood structure shading screen canopy, and built-in wide 0.75-0.90m, length is fixed seedbed according to booth longitudinal length.Shade and use transmittance to be the sunshade net of 75%, be covered on the little bow member in seedbed, little bow member is the bamboo cane sheet of the wide 2cm being across seedbed, its edge, insertion seedbed, two ends, interval 70cm, the arched frame of high 50cm in the middle of being formed.
Beta pruning of the present invention is plucked top or is cut stem apex when Nutrition Soil grows to and grows three grades of branches, when sprouting more band bud overgrowing branch, just reaching the requirement that crinosity purslane seedling is bred again, can repeat step of the present invention and breed.
Rural area soil: because of farming of often applying fertilizer, fertility is higher, crumb structure is good, and be one of main raw material of preparation compost, when its shortcoming is dry, easily harden in top layer, and time wet, ventilating permeable is poor, therefore can not be used alone.
Rice husk ash: rice husk ash to be burnt the ash completely by rice hulls, slightly biased alkalescence, containing abundant potassium element, draining good permeability.
River sand: river sand draining is breathed freely, mixes in heavy soil, can improve soil physics structure, and increase drainage of soil air permeability, its shortcoming has no fertility.
Peat: peat is a kind of atmospheric swamp ground product (being also called the peat composed of rotten mosses or mud coal) formed through several thousand, it is the coal that degree of coalification is minimum, it is also simultaneously the most original state of coal, aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, venting capability is good, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, is conducive to microbial activities, strengthens biological property, nutritious, there is certain acidity.
Coconut husk block: fibre-bearing is many, loose ventilative, good water absorption, life cycle is long, not easily corrupt, the rate of evaporation of the soil water can be reduced, make to produce moist environment at surrounding plant roots, also can allow sufficient air circulation and the quick eliminating of excessive moisture, hard coconut husk block block can also provide support for root simultaneously, but coconut husk block itself only has a small amount of nutrient, be used for the cultivation of orchid.
Bagasse: bagasse contains abundant fiber and divides, and ash content is few, slant acidity, and bagasse is used for culturing edible fungus, as Pleurotus abalonus, Coprinus comatus, auricularia auriculajudae etc.
Rural area soil, rice husk ash, river sand and peat all have its relative merits, mix four by a certain percentage and just can learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, modulate the compost that a kind of pH value and physical properties are suitable, coconut husk block and bagasse is coordinated to use again, the pH value of further adjustment compost and physical properties, simultaneously for the growth of root system provides attachment point and support.The present invention is with rural area soil 30-40 part, rice husk ash 10-15 part, river sand 8-12 part, peat 15-20 part, the compost that the ratio of coconut husk block 6-10 part and bagasse 8-12 part is mixed to get, compost of the present invention is based on rural area soil, the growth being crinosity purslane in conjunction with 10-15 part rice husk ash and 15-20 part peat provides abundant nutrient, the alkalescence of rice husk ash and the acidity of peat are in harmonious proportion and make compost pH value 6.0-6.5, again in conjunction with 8-12 part river sand, 6-10 part coconut husk block and 8-12 part bagasse, improve the weave construction of compost, make it have good nutrient preserving capability, retentiveness and ventilation property, very favourable to the growth of crinosity purslane.The tea dregs of rice, garden waste, compost and carbonization rice husk are all fertilizers, contained nutritive substance enriches, and fertilizer efficiency is grown and stablizes, the one in 4-8 part tea dregs of rice, garden waste, compost or carbonization rice husk is added at compost of the present invention, the fertility of compost of the present invention can be improved, be more conducive to the growth of crinosity purslane.
Compost of the present invention is again in conjunction with the cultivation matrix that nutritive medium of the present invention and sterilizing agent obtain, effectively bacteria pest can be killed, be conducive to surviving of crinosity purslane, reduce the generation of crinosity purslane process of growth disease and pest, simultaneously for crinosity purslane provides comprehensive nutrition, the gentle lasting growing environment of fertilizer efficiency.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention is in conjunction with artificial cultivation method of the present invention and cultivation management, and crinosity purslane surviving rate is up to 98%
, and well developed root system, disease and pest is few.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the cultivation matrix of crinosity purslane of the present invention meets the needs that crinosity purslane grows, and containing abundant nutriment, has good draining and transparent performance, moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping, insect pests and disease.
2, the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane of the present invention uses monogony principle, in conjunction with the cultivation matrix cultivation crinosity purslane beta pruning of uniqueness of the present invention, illumination simultaneously in strict control canopy and humidity, can take root grow up to new plant through the cultivation in 3-4 week and management, surviving rate is up to 98%, and well developed root system, disease and pest is few.
3, the breeding of crinosity purslane of the present invention is quick, and the nursery stock after the crinosity purslane of production takes root can be used as again maternal plant clip branch and repeatedly breeds, and makes breeding coefficient increase by geometricprogression like this, within 1 year, can breed 5-7 generation, breeding coefficient be 5-10 doubly.
4, operation is simple in the present invention, season in spring and summer autumn three is feasible, be easy to promote, can factorial praluction, be conducive to enriching afforestation by class plant variety, realize the effective utilization to Local plant resources, will the present situation that China's light roof greening plant variety is rare, floristics is single be improved simultaneously, greatly promote the industrialized development that light roof greening is built.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment is adopted to further illustrate content of the present invention below.
Following content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
the artificial cultivation method of embodiment 1, crinosity purslane of the present invention:
The present invention adopts to shade and uses transmittance to be the sunshade net of 75%, and be covered on the little bow member in seedbed, little bow member is the bamboo cane sheet of the wide 2cm being across seedbed, its edge, insertion seedbed, two ends, interval 70cm, the arched frame of high 50cm in the middle of being formed.
(1) cultivation matrix is prepared: rural area soil 30 parts, rice husk ash 15 parts, river sand 12 parts, 20 parts, peat, coconut husk block 6 parts, bagasse 12 parts and garden waste 2 parts mix to obtain compost, nutritive medium is used to water pouring compost, nutritive medium is formulated by humic acids 2 parts, seaweed fertilizer 7 parts and 1000 parts, clear water, being sprinkled in compost by 60% sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder and 70% second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder with volume ratio is that 2:1 mixes obtained disinfection pulvis, obtain cultivation matrix, by cultivation matrix lay on furrow face.
(2) beta pruning: the tender stem of crinosity purslane of clip second branch, each tender stem has 1-2 three grades of branches.
(3) cuttage: the beta pruning bottom of step (2) is cut into wedge shape, inserts in cultivation matrix with seeding row spacing 10cm × 10cm.
(4) growth-promoting root growth: clear water spray is carried out to the beta pruning after step (3) cuttage, during clear water spray, water is sprayed on the cauline leaf of cuttage beta pruning, when becoming a fine day, water spraying time should in the morning or at dusk, when it is cloudy, daytime all can carry out any time, each spray has globule drippage to be advisable with blade face, survives until take root.Until beta pruning take root survive after carry out somatotrophic process of topdressing.The fertilizer that process of topdressing uses is 0.15% copperas solution, the solution that is mixed to get with volume ratio 1:6:1:1 of 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution, and fertilization mode is leaf fertilising or loosely executes rear use clear water spray.
(5) field planting: take root after the beta pruning that survives grows to 10-12cm until step (4) and carry out being with native field planting.
Carry out the same period shading and spraying and moisturizing in diseases prevention, insect protected management and canopy, keep canopy humidity 60%.
Diseases prevention management comprises white blister control: their early stage sprays 53% Metalaxyl-M mancozeb wettable powder 800-1000 times of diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 15-20 days; The control of Powdery Mildew: their early stage sprays 70% thiophanate methyl 800-1000 times diluent and 25% triadimefon 1500-2000 times diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 7-10 days, and the cauline leaf removing band pathogeny in time; The control of sclerotium disease: use the 1500 times of diluent spraying controls of 25% metaxanin, 800 times of diluents, 40% dimetachlone, 1000 times of diluents and 50% vinclozolin, spray 2-3 time for one month; The control of virus disease: use the 500 times of diluent spraying controls of 20% viral A wettable powder, spray 1-2 time for one month.
Insect protected management comprises preventing and kill off of the wild snout moth's larva of purslane: use 10% killing logvalue EC 2000-3000 times of diluent to spray; Preventing and kill off of snail: spread unslaked lime and prevent and kill off, uses 5-10kg unslaked lime, is sprinkling upon near plant for every mu, or sprays 70-100 ammoniacal liquor poisoning doubly night.
Through cultivation and the management of 4 weeks, the beta pruning of crinosity purslane was taken root and is grown up to new plant, well developed root system, survival rate 93%.
the artificial cultivation method of embodiment 2, crinosity purslane of the present invention:
The present invention adopts to shade and uses transmittance to be the sunshade net of 75%, and be covered on the little bow member in seedbed, little bow member is the bamboo cane sheet of the wide 2cm being across seedbed, its edge, insertion seedbed, two ends, interval 70cm, the arched frame of high 50cm in the middle of being formed.
(1) cultivation matrix is prepared: rural area soil 40 parts, rice husk ash 10 parts, river sand 8 parts, 15 parts, peat, coconut husk block 10 parts, bagasse 12 parts and the tea dregs of rice 5 parts mix to obtain compost, nutritive medium is used to water pouring compost, nutritive medium is formulated by humic acids 8 parts, seaweed fertilizer 1 part and 1000 parts, clear water, being sprinkled in compost by 60% sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder and 70% second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder with volume ratio is that 3:1 mixes obtained disinfection pulvis, obtain cultivation matrix, by cultivation matrix lay on furrow face.
(2) beta pruning: the tender stem of crinosity purslane of clip second branch, each tender stem has 3-5 three grades of branches.
(3) cuttage: the beta pruning bottom of step (2) is cut into wedge shape, inserts in cultivation matrix with seeding row spacing 10cm × 10cm.
(4) growth-promoting root growth: clear water spray is carried out to the beta pruning after step (3) cuttage, during clear water spray, water is sprayed on the cauline leaf of cuttage beta pruning, when becoming a fine day, water spraying time should in the morning or at dusk, when it is cloudy, daytime all can carry out any time, each spray has globule drippage to be advisable with blade face, survives until take root.Until beta pruning take root survive after carry out somatotrophic process of topdressing, the fertilizer that process of topdressing uses is 0.15% copperas solution, the solution that is mixed to get with volume ratio 2:3:1:1 of 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution, and fertilization mode is leaf fertilising or loosely executes rear use clear water spray.
(5) field planting: take root after the beta pruning that survives grows to 10-12cm until step (4) and carry out being with native field planting.
Carry out the same period shading and spraying and moisturizing in diseases prevention, insect protected management and canopy, keep canopy humidity 85%.
Diseases prevention management comprises white blister control: their early stage sprays 53% Metalaxyl-M mancozeb wettable powder 800-1000 times of diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 15-20 days; The control of Powdery Mildew: their early stage sprays 70% thiophanate methyl 800-1000 times diluent and 25% triadimefon 1500-2000 times diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 7-10 days, and the cauline leaf removing band pathogeny in time; The control of sclerotium disease: use the 1500 times of diluent spraying controls of 25% metaxanin, 800 times of diluents, 40% dimetachlone, 1000 times of diluents and 50% vinclozolin, spray 2-3 time for one month; The control of virus disease: use the 500 times of diluent spraying controls of 20% viral A wettable powder, spray 1-2 time for one month.
Insect protected management comprises preventing and kill off of the wild snout moth's larva of purslane: use 10% killing logvalue EC 2000-3000 times of diluent to spray; Preventing and kill off of snail: spread unslaked lime and prevent and kill off, uses 5-10kg unslaked lime, is sprinkling upon near plant for every mu, or sprays 70-100 ammoniacal liquor poisoning doubly night.
Through cultivation and the management of 4 weeks, the beta pruning of crinosity purslane was taken root and is grown up to new plant, well developed root system, survival rate 94%.
the artificial cultivation method of embodiment 3, crinosity purslane of the present invention:
The present invention adopts to shade and uses transmittance to be the sunshade net of 75%, and be covered on the little bow member in seedbed, little bow member is the bamboo cane sheet of the wide 2cm being across seedbed, its edge, insertion seedbed, two ends, interval 70cm, the arched frame of high 50cm in the middle of being formed.
(1) cultivation matrix is prepared: rural area soil 35 parts, rice husk ash 12 parts, river sand 10 parts, 19 parts, peat, coconut husk block 8 parts, bagasse 10 parts and 8 parts, compost mix to obtain compost, use nutritive medium to water pouring compost, nutritive medium is formulated by humic acids 4 parts, seaweed fertilizer 3 parts and 1000 parts, clear water.Being sprinkled in compost by 60% sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder and 70% second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder with volume ratio is that 2.5:1 mixes obtained disinfection pulvis, obtains cultivation matrix, by cultivation matrix lay on furrow face.
(2) beta pruning: the tender stem of crinosity purslane of clip second branch, each tender stem has 4-6 three grades of branches.
(3) cuttage: the beta pruning bottom of step (2) is cut into wedge shape, inserts in cultivation matrix with seeding row spacing 10cm × 10cm.
(4) growth-promoting root survives: carry out clear water spray to the beta pruning after step (3) cuttage, during clear water spray, water is sprayed on the cauline leaf of cuttage beta pruning, when becoming a fine day, water spraying time should in the morning or at dusk, when it is cloudy, daytime all can carry out any time, each spray has globule drippage to be advisable with blade face, survives until take root.Until beta pruning take root survive after carry out somatotrophic process of topdressing, the fertilizer that process of topdressing uses is 0.15% copperas solution, the solution that is mixed to get with volume ratio 2:5:1:1 of 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution, and fertilization mode is leaf fertilising or loosely executes rear use clear water spray.
(5) field planting: take root after the beta pruning that survives grows to 10-12cm until step (4) and carry out being with native field planting.
Carry out the same period shading and spraying and moisturizing in diseases prevention, insect protected management and canopy, keep canopy humidity 70%.
Diseases prevention management comprises white blister control: their early stage sprays 53% Metalaxyl-M mancozeb wettable powder 800-1000 times of diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 15-20 days; The control of Powdery Mildew: their early stage sprays 70% thiophanate methyl 800-1000 times diluent and 25% triadimefon 1500-2000 times diluent, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 7-10 days, and the cauline leaf removing band pathogeny in time; The control of sclerotium disease: use the 1500 times of diluent spraying controls of 25% metaxanin, 800 times of diluents, 40% dimetachlone, 1000 times of diluents and 50% vinclozolin, spray 2-3 time for one month; The control of virus disease: use the 500 times of diluent spraying controls of 20% viral A wettable powder, spray 1-2 time for one month.
Insect protected management comprises preventing and kill off of the wild snout moth's larva of purslane: use 10% killing logvalue EC 2000-3000 times of diluent to spray; Preventing and kill off of snail: spread unslaked lime and prevent and kill off, uses 5-10kg unslaked lime, is sprinkling upon near plant for every mu, or sprays 70-100 ammoniacal liquor poisoning doubly night.
Through cultivation and the management of 4 weeks, the beta pruning of crinosity purslane was taken root and is grown up to new plant, well developed root system, survival rate 98%.
comparative example one,choose the compost of the embodiment 2 in CN103288538A fruit tree compost, the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane is with embodiment 3.
Through cultivation and the management of 4 weeks, the beta pruning of crinosity purslane was taken root and is grown up to new plant, and root growth is ill-conditioned, and surviving rate is only 75%.
Embodiment 1-3 is compared with comparative example one, the surviving rate of the crinosity purslane of embodiment 1-3 is apparently higher than ratio one, wherein the highest with the surviving rate of embodiment 3, the growth of cultivation matrix of the present invention to crinosity purslane is extremely beneficial as can be seen here, simultaneously in conjunction with artificial cultivation method of the present invention, the surviving rate of crinosity purslane improves greatly, and well developed root system.
Claims (6)
1. a cultivation matrix for crinosity purslane, is characterized in that, comprises compost, nutritive medium and sterilizing agent; Described compost comprises the raw material of following weight part: rural area soil 30-40 part, rice husk ash 10-15 part, river sand 8-12 part, peat 15-20 part, coconut husk block 6-10 part and bagasse 8-12 part; Described nutritive medium comprises the raw material of following weight part: humic acids 2-8 part, seaweed fertilizer 1-7 part and 1000 parts, clear water; By 60% sulphur fenaminosulf wettable powder and 70% second aluminium mancozeb wettable powder, described sterilizing agent with volume ratio is that 2-3:1 mixes obtained;
Described compost also comprises the one in the following base starting material of 4-8 part: the tea dregs of rice, garden waste, compost, carbonization rice husk.
2. comprise an artificial cultivation method for the crinosity purslane of cultivation matrix described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) prepare cultivation matrix: the preparation carrying out described compost according to proportioning, use described nutritive medium to water and drench described compost, in described compost, be sprinkled into described sterilizing agent, obtained cultivation matrix, by cultivation matrix lay on furrow face;
(2) beta pruning: the tender stem of crinosity purslane of clip second branch, each tender stem has 1-6 three grades of branches;
(3) cuttage: the beta pruning bottom of step (2) is cut into wedge shape, inserts in cultivation matrix;
(4) growth-promoting root growth: clear water spray is carried out to the beta pruning after step (3) cuttage, until the beta pruning of cuttage take root survive after carry out somatotrophic process of topdressing;
(5) field planting: take root after the beta pruning that survives grows to 10-12cm until step (4) and carry out being with native field planting.
3. the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described step (4) is topdressed, and process fertilizer used is 0.15% copperas solution, the solution that is mixed to get with volume ratio 1-2:3-6:1:1 of 0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15% urea soln and 0.05% carbendazim solution, and fertilization mode is leaf fertilising or loosely executes rear use clear water spray.
4. the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise diseases prevention management, described diseases prevention management comprises white blister control: their early stage sprays 53% Metalaxyl-M mancozeb wettable powder 800-1000 times of diluent, spray in one day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 15-20 days; The control of Powdery Mildew: their early stage sprays 70% thiophanate methyl, 800 ~ 1000 times of diluents and 25% triadimefon, 1500 ~ 2000 times of diluents, spray in day 2-3 time, continuous spraying 7-10 days, and the cauline leaf removing band pathogeny in time; The control of sclerotium disease: use the 1500 times of diluent spraying controls of 25% metaxanin, 800 times of diluents, 40% dimetachlone, 1000 times of diluents and 50% vinclozolin, spray 2-3 time for one month; The control of virus disease: use the 500 times of diluent spraying controls of 20% viral A wettable powder, spray 1-2 time for one month.
5. the artificial cultivation method of crinosity purslane as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises insect protected management, and described insect protected management comprises preventing and kill off of the wild snout moth's larva of purslane: use 10% killing logvalue EC, 2000 ~ 3000 times of diluents to spray; Preventing and kill off of snail: spread unslaked lime and prevent and kill off, uses 5-10kg unslaked lime, is sprinkling upon near plant for every mu, or sprays the ammoniacal liquor poisoning of 70 ~ 100 times night.
6. the artificial cultivation method of the crinosity purslane as described in any one of claim 2-6, is characterized in that, also comprises in canopy and shading and spraying and moisturizing, keeps canopy humidity 60-85%.
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| CN101828507A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 旷小满 | Base material for afforesting simple roof, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102617228A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-08-01 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Mixed cultivation substrate for raising seedlings of cashew nut and preparation method thereof |
| CN102630446A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市滨江农业科技有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method of purslane |
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