CN105104213B - Rapid propagation and seedling culture method using rhizomes of paris polyphylla - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid propagation and seedling culture method using rhizomes of paris polyphylla. According to the method, rapid propagation is realized by the aid of the rhizomes of paris polyphylla, large quantity of complete plants are obtained after bud inducing and root inducing processing, and large-scale industrial seedling culture of paris polyphylla is realized. The method has the advantages that an inhibiting action between potential buds on single rhizome of paris polyphylla can be avoided completely, the propagation coefficient is increased to the greatest extent, the genetic stability of the paris polyphylla breed is guaranteed sufficiently, and high probability of variation of seeds and tissue culture seedlings is eliminated. Compared with other propagation methods using the rhizomes, completely independent plants can be formed and seedlings with multiple buds can be further formed with the method.

Description

Using paris polyphylla rhizome fast seedling raising method

Technical field

The present invention relates to medicinal plant nursery engineering field, specifically carries out splitting soon for paris polyphylla rhizome Speed induces the propagation method of seedling.

Background technology

Paris polyphylla is herbaceos perennial, another name Typhonium divaricatum(L.) Decne, arrow, careless river car etc..Wild paris polyphylla The provinces such as Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou are distributed in, main producing region is the western Hunan, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province in Yunnan, the western regions of the Yunnan Province and the western regions of the Yunnan Province backlands in Hunan Area, it is 1400～3100m to be grown in height above sea level, and average temperature of the whole year is 10～13 DEG C, the mountain that cools of 850～1200mm of annual rainfall Area, is born in evergreen broadleaf forest, theropencedrymion, the dark and damp place in hillside and bushes mountain region more.Paris polyphylla sprouts from seed and gives birth to After long development 5～6 years, just into reproductive stage.Due to poor growth, a large amount of excavations for many years provide wild paris polyphylla Source faces exhaustion.

Paris polyphylla is used as medicine with rhizome, autumn harvesting.Its cold nature bitter, slightly poisonous, return liver warp, with heat-clearing solution Poison, swelling and pain relieving the effects such as cool liver is calmed the frightened, cures mainly furunculosis carbuncle swells, abscess of throat, venomous snake bite, injuries from falls as well, convulsion etc. Disease.Modern pharmacological research proves that paris polyphylla has hemostasis, eliminating the phlegm and antibacterial, sedation and analgesia, Robust speaker feature to kill sperm, resist carefully Born of the same parents' poison etc. is acted on, and is clinically used for treating functional uterine bleeding, neurodermatitis, surgery inflammation and tumour etc., with notable Curative effect.The domestic product with paris polyphylla as primary raw material have Yunnan Baiyao series, Gong Xue Ning, heat toxin it is clear, antiviral Grain, jidesheng sheyao tablets, paris polyphylla detoxification tincture etc., 4,000,000,000 yuan of the output value.

Because pharmacy corporation is to the substantial amounts of demand of paris polyphylla raw material so that paris polyphylla wild resource is excessive for a long time Disorderly excavate, the supply of natural crude drugs is constantly reduced, the domestic pharmacy enterprise with paris polyphylla as raw material can not have been met The Production requirement of industry.Paris polyphylla needs the time of more than 8 years, pharmacy corporation to be the more originals of acquisition from harvesting utilization is seeded into Material, increases substantially paris polyphylla purchasing price, and now good product purchasing price, up to 700 yuan/more than kg, was before 5 years 16～30 times.Purchasing price goes up stimulates again the excessive excavation of peasant, and excavation speed is given birth to considerably beyond wild resource breeding Long speed, causes paris polyphylla to become scarce resource.The rare of paris polyphylla becomes the related pharmacy corporation rule of restriction Mould produces the bottleneck with sustainable development.Carry out paris polyphylla artificial cultivation, it is ensured that medicinal material effective supply, meet pharmacy corporation Demand, promote the well-being of mankind health, imperative.But there is some urgency key technology to be captured in artificial cultivation paris polyphylla.

Paris polyphylla seed dormancy degree is high, sprout slow, emergence rate unicellular lower eukaryote feature limits, and seed seedling is numerous Grow difficulty big；, not only because using vegetative reproduction, paris polyphylla rhizome demand is big, makes wild resource fall sharply for Propagation of Rhizomes, And germplasm can be made to degenerate, resistance declines；Up to now, the tissue cultures aspect not yet acquirement to paris polyphylla is made us Satisfied result.Lack efficient sapling multiplication technology and perfect seedling breeding standards system, lack paris polyphylla high-quality Seedling supply is to restrict the fast-developing key factor of paris polyphylla cultivation.

In order to solve the demand and supply contraction, paris polyphylla domestication is carried out, develop artificial cultivation, some scholars carry out The research of paris polyphylla seedling breeding.

Meng Fanyun etc. (2006) researchs find that Seed Endogenous Hormones ABA contain in paris polyphylla seed dormancy and growth course Amount is remarkably decreased, and has larger correlation with termination of diapause, and GA3, IAA, ZR content gradually rises, variation tendency and one, seven leaf Flower differentiation is consistent with development.Huang Wei etc. (2008) further inquires into paris polyphylla Dormancy Mechanism, and result of study shows seven There is no water suction obstacle in leaf a flower seed, unrelated with dormancy, endogenous hormones ABA and GA3 paris polyphylla seed dormancy with Play a significant role in sprouting.Chen Cui etc. studies different temperatures, (sowing time, thickness of earth covering, mulch film cover Different sowing ways Lid) etc. factor paris polyphylla seed is sprouted and the impact emerged, as a result show, paris polyphylla seed embryo after-ripening and sprouting Optimum temperature in l8～20 DEG C, after processing 3～4 months at this temperature, go to 0～10 DEG C of K cryogenic treatment 2～4 months, Can emerge in April in next year；Before the suitable sowing time is April, nursery soil cladding thickness is 1cm or so, after planting with black Color mulch film is covered, and can improve emergence rate.

Chen Cui etc. under identical planting conditions, to from 23 parts of Yunnan Province paris polyphylla introduces a collection carried out the phenological period, The observation of morphological feature and economic characters, A+E.As a result show, the paris polyphylla growth phenology of different geographical provenances Phase, morphological feature and economic characters garden geographic origin difference have certain difference.

Rong Linyao is studied the vegetative propagation technique of paris polyphylla, to cultivate seedling.Method is split using rhizome Method is bred.As a result rhizome split plot design breeding emergence rate is high (98%).Conclusion rhizome split plot design can shorten the growth of paris polyphylla Cycle, its application can provide good introduces a collection for paris polyphylla large-scale planting.The research paris polyphylla seedling such as Chen Cui is numerous Educate technology.On the basis of to the technology experimental study for many years of paris polyphylla seedling breeding, summarize paris polyphylla it is sexual and Pierre technology.Processed by the vernalization of seed embryo after-ripening, then emergence rate reaches more than 30%, seed seedling-raising is bloomed knot for 5 years Fruit can be transplanted and make seedling, and rhizome substance reaches 8～15g；Segment with terminal bud can be transplanted then, and planting percent reaches more than 90%, Without the 3rd year seedling of yielding positive results of segment of terminal bud, planting percent reaches more than 78%, and rhizome substance reaches 7～12g.

The standardized quick fast-growing for being capable of achieving paris polyphylla seedling by this technology is produced, and promotes the industrialization of paris polyphylla Cultivation and development.Lie group etc. with MS culture mediums as minimal medium, the growth regulatory substance of additional variety classes and concentration, to not Same organ, the paris polyphylla explant in different biopsy method period carries out the Fiber differentiation research of callus.As a result show：6-BA With the induction that IAA is conducive to callus；The young shoot tissue in growth period is convenient culture organ, the induction of its callus Frequency is up to 26.7%.Up to now, the tissue cultures aspect of paris polyphylla is not yet achieved satisfactory results.

A kind of method for breaking Paris polyphylla seed dormancy phase of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN102726144A, belongs to Biological technical field.The technical solution adopted in the present invention is comprised the following steps that：(1) environment temperature of Paris polyphylla seed is ensured first At 15-25 DEG C, humidity is in 60-70%；(2) Paris polyphylla seed is placed in 35 DEG C of warm water and is soaked 36 hours；(3) by after process Paris polyphylla seed, it is daily 5-7 time in 450,000 volts of hyperbaric environments in being placed in culture dish, 2 hours are continued every time；Seed is opened within (4) 45 days Begin to sprout, height of seedling 3-5cm after 60 days, about 90 days, can transplant to brooder management.The present invention breaks Paris polyphylla seed 1 under natural conditions Rest period more than year so as to can sprout in short two months, shorten the growth cycle of Paris polyphylla, to as national open country in imminent danger The Paris polyphylla flourish of raw medicinal plant has huge promotion meaning.

A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla fast seedling-cultivating method of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN104686133A, its feature exists In comprising the steps：30 days preparing nursery beds before seed maturity, the soil for selecting humus more, first remove weeds, then 20～25cm is ploughed deeply, is exposed to the sun more than 10 days, the compost or barnyard manure 1500Kg/ mus for becoming thoroughly decomposed is applied afterwards, be mixed into when fine earth block is beaten In soil；Shed is built with plastic sheeting, shed is wide 3 meters, high 1.5 meters, the sunshade net of lid 90% again outside plastic sheeting, then by shed Surrounding canopy cloth soil pressure reality；The passage of wide 30cm is respectively stayed in the centre and both sides of shed, two high 10cm, wide 1.2 meters of furrow are managed； Seed full maturity, pericarp splits completely, plants ability picking fruit when skin reddens, it is ensured that the embryonic development in seed is ripe, by fruit Entirely cut, in being fitted into the container of clean cleaning, sterilized plastic gloves are worn after concentration and peels seed, be put in clean vessel In；The ditch of deep 6cm, drains spacing 10cm are ticked in furrow face in booth with hand or bar hoe；Then it is directly fresh by what is just stripped out Seed is seeded in ditch, spacing in the rows 5cm, then spreads a little carbendazim or Bravo in furrow face；It is again that furrow face is floating, keep seed Depth is 3cm；Finally again soft pin is covered a thin sheet of in furrow face, native face is covered with pine needle and is advisable；After covering pine needle, with watering can or have The water pipe of shower nozzle pours once permeable, and pouring water management hydraulic pressure prevents from going out seed or make table soil hardened, after having poured water, shed is tight Real closing, backsight soil humidity a water, soil moisture were poured every 10～15 days till, nursery stage is not applied in addition to base fertilizer Fertilizer only takes a small amount of composite fertilizer and is dissolved in when watering in watering can and sprays；Inspected once every 5 days, there are weeds to pull out as early as possible, in morning 10 points of morning was in the past or at 4 points in afternoon is with laggard canopy, and shed is remained therebetween in sealing state, and typically after planting 15 days kind skins are just Meeting nature takes off, and 30 days seeds start to sprout, and the root of 60 days seeds can just grow to 3～5cm, and Some seeds grow ground after 90 days Upper part, about 80% seed was emerged before April next year, separately had emerge within 20% three year.

A kind of method of Paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN104255216A, it is characterised in that Comprise the steps of：Turn over seedbed, ploughed depth 10cm～15cm or so, and soil block is crushed to into 1～2cm, and pick up stone And weeds, smooth bedding.Furrow face width 110cm, furrow width 25cm, ditch depth 20cm.3～4 layers of shading screen are taken on seedbed.Select full, into Ripe, mass of 1000 kernel that is disease-free, going mouldy and damage is 40～70 grams of Paris polyphylla seed, and it is compared into 2: 1 with weight with clean fine sand Mixing, rubbing removes exosper, cleans, and wound is carried out to seed with 80% wettable powder of Mancozeb, 500 times of liquid (wt/wt) Sterilization, sub 1 hour with the seed soaking of 70mg/kg rooting powder solutions afterwards, in embedment damp sand, 25 DEG C～35 DEG C are processed after 24h～72h, etc. Paris polyphylla seed is sowed after taking root, during this period it is noted that moisturizing.Process seed and compare 3 with weight:1 is sown into fertile soil and fine sand is broadcast Kind.1.5～2cm thin soil layers, then one layer of lid grass in small, broken bits are covered on seed with water conservation point.

(4) seedling management：It is 50%～70% that seedling stage keeps the humidity of nursery room, light transmittance 20%～30%, 15～30 It is emerged.

A kind of Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN101084715 the growing thickly of the long connective rhizoma paris rhizome of paris plant Bud propagation method, it is characterised in that：The perennial rhizome with bud of long connective Paris polyphylla is taken, as the propagating materials of inducing clumping bud； Remove the soil on rhizome, rhizome is cut into into two sections between the 3rd stem trace and the 5th stem trace after bud with knife, take with bud one Section makees propagating materials；Whole year all can be carried out；Propagating materials after process will be planted in time chooses fertile sand, sandy loam into field Seedlings nursery or the Seedlings nursery constituted with vermiculite matrix；Seedlings nursery environmental requirement is sheltered from heat or light, divulges information, cools, is moistened；Multiple Buds seedling Transplantation technique；2～4 years after segment process；Overground part plant turns to be yellow, and will fall seedling or the firm when of falling after seedling；Select humus content Height, soil is relatively moistened, and soil is more smooth, or has the sand loam plot cultivation of concealment condition.

A kind of rhizoma paris rhizome high power cutting raise seedling method of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN101401523, it is special It is to select healthy and strong, disease-free Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome crosscutting into segment by stipes to levy, then every a bit of rip cutting into fritter, it is ensured that every Individual stripping and slicing carries stem trace, and stripping and slicing is put into after the seedling bed for completing fertile soil or sandy soil, covers the fertile soil or sandy of 3～5cm Soil, the relative humidity for keeping soil is the 50～60%, the 2nd year 9～October, and band bud stripping and slicing is heeled on seedling bed, kept The relative humidity of soil is 60～70%, is shaded by 40～60% degree of shading, and after heeling in 1 year land for growing field crops is transplanted.Using the present invention, Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome germination percentage is 85-90%, and rooting rate is 40-50%, and breeding coefficient is than conventional Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome segment seedling method Improve more than 5 times.

The Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN103430838A is a kind of from the quick nothing of magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome induction Multiple Buds The new technology of sexual reproduction, it is characterised in that containing following technical step：(1) the perennial magnificent Paris polyphylla for, selecting field production is good for Health no disease and pests harm plant, its rhizome fresh weight is selected with preferential more than 80 grams, used as breeding introduces a collection, i.e. maternal plant；(2), in the 7-8 months Part is dug out big Tanaka as the magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome of vegetative propagation introduces a collection, and with the cutter after sterilized aerial part, rhizome are prescinded It is standby；Also i.e. the 9-10 months, underground rhizome can be dug out after mature seed is harvested then, it is standby；(3) after, new fresh quench stem is dug out, Dry in the air 3-7 days, with the cutter after sterilization in rhizome midline incision, incision length should include 3-6 depending on rhizome size, typically Section；(4), after otch by magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome, especially cutting part in the ABT rooting powder solutions of 10-30ppm, or 30-50ppm Gibberellins solution immersion treatment 2-10 hour；(5), with the magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome otch of plant ash sterilization, to be stained with otch as degree, then Mixed to wrap up in magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome with clean river sand with plant ash and mixed after process, by spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm transplants plantation, above Coated with the fine earth of thickness about 5mm；(6) after, planting, at once with 500-600 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder to plant periphery Disinfecting soil sterilization processing；(7), after rhizome plantation, the otch under the conditioning of humidity and ground temperature, Jing after processing Place forms Multiple Buds, is the incidence and the speed of growth for improving Multiple Buds, answers and weeding in real time, fertilising, scaffolding shade；(8), clump Sprout and sprouted from maternal plant, Jing after the growth of 1 year or so time, each magnificent Paris polyphylla maternal plant can produce more than 20 strain plantlets, its Bud, little rhizome, radicula are provided with, and plantlet length reaches 2-10cm, and weight average reaches 2g；Little rhizome is plucked from maternal plant in December Take, after being processed with plant ash, transplanted as magnificent Paris polyphylla seedling；Its method for transplanting is carried out by above-mentioned steps 1 to 7；(9)3-4 Magnificent Paris polyphylla finished product is harvested after year.

A kind of Paris polyphylla bull polygerm of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN104584842A increases production breeding method, its step Suddenly it is：Crosscutting lower growth bud or plant from Paris polyphylla stem eye bottom down 0.5-1.5cm, crosscutting front cutting knife carries out disinfection；It is right With scraping is carried out after clean bamboo chip sterilization, the juice for scraping spreads on the edge of tangent plane the rhizome tangent plane stayed in soil； Scribing goes out one skewed slot on the cortex of tangent plane, the rhizome in case tangent plane ponding rots；Rain shade is set up in otch top, in case fog precipitation Etch tangent plane, after tangent plane is solid rain shade is removed；Bear around tangent plane or/and tangent plane after sprouting, carry out water and fertilizer management until root Stem is generated.Individual month of rear 4-5 processed by the invention, Paris polyphylla tangent plane and surrounding will grow 3-7 sprouting, with the growth of sprouting With yield positive results, rhizome is grown up therewith, and whole mother's rhizome is just presented radial growth.Paris polyphylla tangent plane is averagely sprouted and survives sprouting Success rate is more than 98%.It is radial growth that the present invention changes rhizoma paris rhizome simple interest, improves rhizome and seed production, is alleviated The demand and supply contraction, for Paris polyphylla plantation a new technology is provided.

A kind of Propagation of Rhizomes breeding method of Yunnan Paris polyphylla of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN104718963A, belongs to Agricultural seedling-raising technique field.This method is to take the finished product Yunnan Paris polyphylla of health in the November of last year, is cut into irregular such as broad bean The fritter of size, is put in liquid medicine and soaks 20～30 minutes, and after drying moisture, being put in insulating box carries out treatment of wounds, then uses 15% rooting powder solution soaks 15 minutes, and moisture is dried after pulling out being put into jelly storehouse carries out dormancy process, after dormancy 20 days, 22 Its broken stopping is allowed to process in degree insulating box 3 days, journey processed above is repeated 3 times, and takes out the rhizome handled well after the completion of third time and puts Entering the Wen Shazhong of 70% humidity carries out vernalization, with regard to energy eruption brood cell, then transplants in April within 35 days or so.The present invention is effectively Improve Yunnan Paris polyphylla breeds speed, greatly reduces seedling cost；Simultaneously the excavation dynamics to wild Paris polyphylla is controlled, to certainly So protection of ecological resources plays a role.

A kind of Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN104620805A Paris polyphylla live body rhizome quick tillering propagation technology. Sapling multiplication rate is low, emerge slow, consume a large amount of rhizomes to solve the problems, such as prior art (seed, stripping and slicing, tissue culture).A kind of Paris polyphylla is lived The quick tillering propagation technology of body rhizome, mainly includes the following steps that：(1) the maternal selection of Paris polyphylla；(2) topdress；(3) growth is inspired Point；(4) terminal bud callus is transplanted；(5) transplantation of seedlings is gone out.The method that quick tillering propagation is carried out on Paris polyphylla live body rhizome, is not breaking Under conditions of bad live body rhizome, plant original growing point is blocked by Biological Principles, promote live body rhizoma paris rhizome to produce multiple spot and sprout Send out.

A kind of magnificent Paris polyphylla seedling of the Introduction To Cn Patent of Publication No. CN102870564A is quick, efficiently breeding side Method, it is characterised in that the 3-4 months after the beginning of spring, the magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome of excavation, rotted from healthy and strong, not damaged, no disease and pests harm for many years Take root stem, after sterilization, with the S 3307 solution of 10-15mg/L top bud point is processed, abolish its apical dominance；Layer is carried out after drying Product processes induction resting bud and sprouts, and spreads one layer of magnificent Paris polyphylla, repaves the fertile soil of one layer of 10cm, then repaves one layer of magnificent Paris polyphylla, then One layer of fertile soil of paving, can spread 4-5 layers；Water-retaining quantity among field of soil 70% is kept to maintain ground moistening, at Jing 8-9 month lamination Reason, takes out the rhizome of Stratificated treatment after the resting bud on each section is sprouted, according to transplanting in nursery in 15 × 15cm set of specifications, Resting bud sprouts seedling of being unearthed；Spring next year digs out rhizome, cutting seedling separation is carried out according to the resting bud sprouted, with carbendazim 50% 800 times of liquid (wt/wt) of wettable powder are hindered with 80% wettable powder of Mancozeb, 500 times of liquid (wt/wt) to sprout Mouthful sterilization, afterwards with 60mg/kg rooting powder solutions seed soaking seedling 2 hours, then according to 5-8cm × 5-8cm is concentrated being put in seedbed, bud Mouth upwards, one layer of family's animal manure fertilizer for becoming thoroughly decomposed is spread fertilizer over the fields above, is then covered with fertile soil.Spring next year uses sunshade after emerging Net is sheltered from heat or light, and shade density is 70%.After seedling leaf is fully deployed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the 2-3 concentration for 0.8wt% is sprayed Solution, promotes seedling early growth；3rd year spring can dig out seedling for field production.

In sum, using the low extensive development that is difficult of germination percentage during paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising with reduction seed seedling Cost, and tissue culture is carried out using paris polyphylla, the cost of plantlet in vitro is greatly improved, when delaying paris polyphylla rhizome to list Between, it is difficult to make Planting household connect love, and the economic benefit for improving peasant difficult to realize.It is also that documents and materials were reported using band bud Paris polyphylla rhizome carries out point numerous, the paris polyphylla rhizome with bud head is separated, without the paris polyphylla of bud head Little rhizome is followed by the paris polyphylla rhizome of bud head, causes its seed costs in planting process higher, and without bud head The little rhizome proportion of paris polyphylla is very big, and very possible dead in planting process and waste, and adopts every year This mode can only make nursery improve 6-8 times, can cause paris polyphylla without the waste of bud rhizome.Therefore, in order to meet day The medicinal demand of benefit increase, makes full use of paris polyphylla each little rhizome, and for each little rhizome rapid induction seven leaves one are gone out Branch bud body, effectively improves breeding coefficient, reduce the price of nursery, it is to avoid utilize paris polyphylla seminal propagation emergence rate pole Low, cultivating seeds process is loaded down with trivial details, and the speed of growth is slow, using fast breeding technique, realizes that artificial cultivation is best solution.

So far, at home and abroad there is not yet medicine is carried out on common seedling bed with regard to being directed to paris polyphylla rhizome The report of the multiple bud heads of thing induced synthesis.We are successfully realized by lot of experiments, the method that a set of maturation is found out finally The quick breeding of paris polyphylla, can go out a large amount of seedling with quickly breeding, be to realize that industrialization artificial cultivation paris polyphylla carries For possible.Being successfully established for paris polyphylla rhizome fast breeding technique method, can be the extensive leaf of artificial cultivation medicinal plant seven A flower provides seedling, and for modern science and technology agricultural a kind of practicable exploration project is provided.

The content of the invention

Due to paris polyphylla by bud head breeding coefficient it is too low the problems such as, and pass through operating procedure during tissue culture technology it is many, Process is complicated and requires aseptic processing environment and associative operation technical staff, and big, output is put into when causing to be cultivated by tissue culture Not high the problems such as, therefore a kind of it is an object of the invention to provide, seven leaves one that input low, breeding coefficient high or not to nurturing an environment Branch flower method for quickly breeding, reaches suitable industrialized production, and formulation efficacy is good, and bud ratio is high, and incubation time is short, and plant strain growth is prosperous Contain, it is workable, the advantages of using value is high.

The method of utilization paris polyphylla rhizome fast seedling raising of the present invention, its concrete operation step is as follows：

(1) pretreatment of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem：Select the paris polyphylla fresh quench stem of annual 1～2 month excavation, excision Former growing point is terminal bud, damages former growing point, cuts off the rhizome of non-long hair root portion, and is cleaned with 5～12% carbendazim solutions.

(2) bud that lures of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem is processed：By each paris polyphylla bud head be perpendicularly cut into 4～8 it is little Block, then after being mixed with the granular activated carbon after sterilization, once promote bud growth solution once at interval of sprinkling in three days, often 100kg paris polyphyllas rhizome sprays 7～15kg/ time, maintains relative humidity in 70～85%, 300～600LX of intensity of illumination, 10～12h of illumination daily, temperature grows sprout in 25～35 days at 15～22 DEG C.

(3) root that lures of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem is processed：After sprout grows, with root solution is educated totally three times, three times are processed Interval time is processed for 3～5 days, is sprayed 10～35kg/ time per 100kg paris polyphyllas rhizome, 15～22 DEG C of cultivation temperature, often Its illumination 10～13 hours, 600～900LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control is cultivated 25～40 days 60～75%.

(4) paris polyphylla transplantation of seedlings：Paris polyphylla seedling with a large amount of fibrous roots is taken out, then is transplanted to Nutrition Soil In, 18～25 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 8～12 hours, 700～1000LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control 50～ 70%, transplanting booth culture to overground part pours in separately seedling to be terminated.

(5) final-period management：Paris polyphylla aerial part starts the when of falling seedling directly transplanting land for growing field crops, the control of land for growing field crops relative humidity 40～60%；At 10～30 DEG C, next year June to September is covered temperature control with two-layer sunshade net, using conventional seven leaves A flower cultural method is managed liquid manure and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

In a specific embodiment, the compound method of 5% carbendazim solution described in step (1) is purchased to weigh market The powder of carbendazim 5g for buying, the water for adding 95g is mixed.

In a specific embodiment, granular activated carbon size described in step (2) is 1～10 mesh；Granular activated carbon Usage amount kg and paris polyphylla rhizome weight kg ratio be 0.2～10kg:1kg.

In a specific embodiment, bud growth solution is promoted described in step (2) and refers to the 6-BA containing 0.5～5g/L (6- benzyl aminoadenines), 0.2～0.5g/L NAA (naa), the aqueous solution of 2%～5% carbendazim.

In a specific embodiment, root solution is educated described in step (3) to refer to containing 0.8～2g/L NAA (how second Acid), the aqueous solution of 1%～3% carbendazim.

In a specific embodiment, Nutrition Soil described in step (4), can make by oneself, its formula for 3～5 parts of garden mould, 3～6 parts of compost (farmers''s compost), 2～3 parts of river sand, 1～2 part of plant ash, mixing, or direct market purchase Zhengjiang City are green Source Co., Ltd happy farm fields soil.

In a specific embodiment, conventional paris polyphylla cultivation management described in step (4), water management is to adopt Moisturizing is carried out with dropper mode；Fertilizer management is to spill to apply the cake fertilizer (cake-shaped rape seed dregs that Jing compostings are crossed to plantation land for growing field crops：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2： 1, admix the pre- insect-pest of tea seed cake energy) farmyard manure (Jing compostings burnt, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ) is mixed, per mu is applied Enter 1000～2000kg (150～200kg of cake fertilizer containing becoming thoroughly decomposed)；Start per mu from April and apply 1：3 people and animals' liquid dungs 1000～ 1500kg, per minor tick 30 days or so；Pest management occurs to find paris polyphylla virosis, in 5% bacterium of sick cave Water cleaning agent, or diseased plant is extracted；If it find that chafer harm is with 90% crystallization 800～1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, per 5～7 Its spray 1 time, even spray 2～3 times.

Technique effect：

(1) the inventive method can completely avoid the suppression effect on the single rhizome of paris polyphylla between each potential sprout Should, farthest increase breeding coefficient, the genetic stability of paris polyphylla kind is fully ensured that, while avoiding seed With the phenomenon that variation easily occurs in plantlet in vitro.

(2) present invention is that this method can not only be formed and is completely independent with other utilization Propagation of Rhizomes method difference Plant, and the seedling of multiple bud heads can also be formed.

(3) the paris polyphylla seedling-growing method that the inventive method is obtained is simple, and greatly reduces seedling cost.This culture Method is sprouted soon, and the rate of increase is high, and method is simple, it is not necessary to increase tissue culture equipment, low production cost can be mass, using valency Value is high.

(4) production of paris polyphylla can be carried out under the conditions of manual control, not by season, weather conditions and soil etc. The restriction of factor, can exclude the invasion and attack of pest and disease damage and the impact of residues of pesticides, the quality of strict control paris polyphylla.

(5) fast breeding technique provided using the present invention obtains paris polyphylla seedling, carries out artificial cultivation, transplanting survival rate It is higher than plantlet in vitro, natural environment can be more rapidly adapted to, paris polyphylla Planting Years can be shortened.

(6) germ plasm resource of paris polyphylla can be preserved, while being conducive to protecting paris polyphylla wild resource, is reduced Destruction to natural resources.

Specific embodiment

Below, the present invention will be further detailed with embodiment, but it is not limited to the arbitrary of these embodiments Individual or similar example.

Embodiment 1

The paris polyphylla fresh quench stem that January 20 excavated is selected, is cleaned with 7% carbendazim solution.The former growing point of excision is pushed up Bud, damages former growing point, cuts off the rhizome of non-long hair root portion, and the rhizome without bud head is used for medicinal.By each paris polyphylla Bud head 10kg is perpendicularly cut into 4～8 fritters, then after being mixed with 5 mesh granular activated carbon 15kg after sterilization, at interval of three Its sprinkling promotees bud growth solution once, and it is 6-BA, 0.2g/L NAA containing 3g/L, the water of 4% carbendazim to promote bud growth solution Solution, per 100kg paris polyphyllas rhizomes, sprinkling promotees bud growth solution 10kg/ time, maintenance relative humidity 80%, intensity of illumination 400～600LX, daily illumination 10h, temperature grows sprout in 28 days at 18 DEG C.After sprout grows, processed altogether with root solution is educated Three times, it is the aqueous solution containing 0.8g/L NAA, 2% carbendazim to educate root solution, and three process interval times are 5 days, per 100kg Paris polyphylla rhizome sprays 20kg/ time, 20 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 10 hours, intensity of illumination 700LX, relative humidity Control is cultivated 35 days 70%.Paris polyphylla seedling with a large amount of fibrous roots is taken out, then is transplanted to Nutrition Soil (Nutrition Soil It is formulated as 4 parts of garden mould, 6 parts of farmers''s compost, 2 parts of river sand, 1 part of plant ash) in, 23 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 12 hours, light According to intensity 700LX, 60%, transplanting booth culture to overground part pours in separately seedling to be terminated for relative humidity control.Process as stated above 500 paris polyphylla rhizomes containing bud head, obtain 2458 plants of seedlings, and it is (annual that paris polyphylla aerial part starts the when of falling seedling November) can directly transplanting land for growing field crops, land for growing field crops relative humidity control 50%；Temperature control at 10～30 DEG C, next year June to September Part is covered with two-layer sunshade net, and water management is to carry out moisturizing using dropper mode；Fertilizer management is to spill to plantation land for growing field crops Apply the cake fertilizer (cake-shaped rape seed dregs that Jing compostings are crossed：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, admix the pre- insect-pest of tea seed cake energy) mix farmyard manure (Jing compostings or burning Cross, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ), per mu applies 1000～2000kg (150～200kg of cake fertilizer containing becoming thoroughly decomposed)； Start per mu from April and apply 1：3 people and animals 1000～1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so；Pest management is discovery Paris polyphylla virosis occurs, and in sick cave with 5% bacterium water cleaning agent, or diseased plant is extracted；If it find that chafer harm With 90% crystallization 800～1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, sprayed 1 time per 5～7 days, even spray 2～3 times.By the seedling Jing lands for growing field crops kind for being obtained 2440 plants of seedlings, survival rate to 99.26% have been survived after plant.

Embodiment 2

The paris polyphylla fresh quench stem of excavation in 5 days 2 months is selected, is cleaned with 8% carbendazim solution.The former growing point of excision is pushed up Bud, damages former growing point, cuts off the rhizome of non-long hair root portion.Each paris polyphylla bud head 10kg is perpendicularly cut into into 4～8 Individual fritter, then after being mixed with 4 mesh granular activated carbon 16kg after sterilization, at interval of sprinkling in three days bud growth solution is once promoted 1.2kg, it is 6-BA, 0.4g/L NAA containing 4g/L, the aqueous solution of 5% carbendazim to promote bud growth solution, maintains relative humidity In 80%, 300～400LX of intensity of illumination, daily illumination 10h, temperature grows sprout in 25 days at 19 DEG C.After sprout grows, use Educate root solution to process totally three times, three process interval times are 4 days, and per the sprinkling of 10kg paris polyphyllas rhizome root solution is educated 1.8kg/ time, it is the aqueous solution containing 1.2g/L NAA, 2% carbendazim to educate root solution, 19 DEG C of cultivation temperature, and daily illumination 11 is little When, 600～900LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control is cultivated 35 days 70%.By the paris polyphylla with a large amount of fibrous roots Seedling takes out, then is transplanted in Nutrition Soil (nutritive soil preparation is 3 parts of garden mould, 6 parts of farmers''s compost, 3 parts of river sand, 1 part of plant ash), 24 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 12 hours, 700～800LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control transplants booth training 65% Support and pour in separately seedling to overground part and terminate.400 paris polyphylla rhizomes are processed as stated above, obtain 1978 plants of seedlings, seven leaves A flower aerial part start the when of falling seedling (annual November) can directly transplanting land for growing field crops, land for growing field crops relative humidity control 50%；Temperature At 10～30 DEG C, next year June to September is covered with two-layer sunshade net, and water management is to be entered using dropper mode for degree control Row moisturizing；Fertilizer management is to spill to apply the cake fertilizer (cake-shaped rape seed dregs that Jing compostings are crossed to plantation land for growing field crops：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, admix tea seed cake energy Pre- insect-pest) mix farmyard manure (Jing compostings burnt, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ), per mu apply 1000～ 2000kg (150～200kg of cake fertilizer containing becoming thoroughly decomposed)；Start per mu from April and apply 1：3 people and animals 1000～1500kg of liquid dung, Per minor tick 30 days or so；Pest management occurs to find paris polyphylla virosis, in sick cave with 5% bacterium water cleaning agent, Or extract diseased plant；If it find that chafer harm was sprayed 1 time with 90% crystallization 800～1000 times of liquid of metrifonate per 5～7 days, Even spray 2～3 times.The seedling for being obtained 1965 plants of seedlings, survival rate to 99.34% have been survived into Jing after field planting.

Embodiment 3

The paris polyphylla fresh quench stem that January 20 excavated is selected, is cleaned with 9% carbendazim solution.The former growing point of excision is pushed up Bud, damages former growing point, cuts off the rhizome of non-long hair root portion.Each paris polyphylla bud head 10kg is perpendicularly cut into into 4～8 Individual fritter, then after being mixed with 3 mesh granular activated carbon 20kg after sterilization, at interval of sprinkling in three days bud growth solution one is promoted Secondary, it is 6-BA, 0.3g/L NAA containing 2.5g/L, the aqueous solution of 4% carbendazim to promote bud growth solution, per the leaves one of 100kg seven Branch flower rhizome sprinkling rush bud growth solution 13kg/ time, maintains relative humidity in 85%, 400～600LX of intensity of illumination, per the daylight According to 10h, temperature grows sprout in 32 days at 16 DEG C.After sprout grows, processed with root solution is educated for totally three times, educate root solution be containing There are 1g/L NAA, the aqueous solution of 2% carbendazim, three process interval times are 5 days, per the sprinkling of 10kg paris polyphyllas rhizome 2.2kg/ time, 20 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 10 hours, intensity of illumination 700LX, relative humidity control cultivates 35 75% My god.Paris polyphylla seedling with a large amount of fibrous roots is taken out, then (nutritive soil preparation is 1 part of garden mould, farmers' to be transplanted to Nutrition Soil 7 parts of compost, 4 parts of river sand, 1 part of plant ash) in, 23 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 8～12 hours, intensity of illumination 700～ 1000LX, 65%, transplanting booth culture to overground part pours in separately seedling to be terminated for relative humidity control.500 are processed as stated above Paris polyphylla rhizome containing bud head, obtains 2560 plants of seedlings, and paris polyphylla aerial part starts the when of falling seedling in (annual November Part) can directly transplanting land for growing field crops, land for growing field crops relative humidity control 55%；Temperature control at 10～30 DEG C, use by next year June to September Two-layer sunshade net is covered, and water management is to carry out moisturizing using dropper mode；Fertilizer management is to spill Shi Jing to plantation land for growing field crops Cake fertilizer (the cake-shaped rape seed dregs that composting is crossed：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, admixing tea seed cake can pre- insect-pest) mix farmyard manure (Jing compostings burnt, with Kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ), per mu applies 1000～2000kg (150～200kg of cake fertilizer containing becoming thoroughly decomposed)；From April Part starts per mu and applies 1：3 people and animals 1000～1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so；Pest management is seven leaves one of discovery Branch blossom disease viral disease occurs, and in sick cave with 5% bacterium water cleaning agent, or diseased plant is extracted；If it find that chafer harm uses 90% Crystallization 800～1000 times of liquid of metrifonate, sprayed 1 time per 5～7 days, even spray 2～3 times.By the seedling for being obtained Jing after field planting into Live 2545 plants of seedlings, survival rate to 99.41%.

Comparative examples 1

Method according to Publication No. CN102870564A is carried out：Mid-March after the beginning of spring, the magnificent rhizoma paris rhizome of excavation, choosing Rotted with healthy and strong, not damaged, 500, the perennial rhizome of no disease and pests harm, after sterilization, at the S 3307 solution of 10-15mg/L Reason top bud point, abolishes its apical dominance；Stratificated treatment induction resting bud is carried out after drying to sprout, one layer of magnificent Paris polyphylla is spread, and is repaved The fertile soil of one layer of 10cm, then repaves one layer of magnificent Paris polyphylla, repaves one layer of fertile soil, can spread 4-5 layers；Keep soil field water holding Amount 70% takes out the root of Stratificated treatment to maintain ground moistening, Jing 8-9 month Stratificated treatment after the resting bud on each section is sprouted Stem, according to transplanting in nursery in 15 × 15cm set of specifications, resting bud sprouts seedling of being unearthed；Spring next year digs out rhizome, according to The resting bud of sprouting carries out cutting seedling separation, obtains 1640 paris polyphylla seedlings, with the wettable powder 800 of carbendazim 50% Times liquid (wt/wt) carries out wound disinfection with 80% wettable powder of Mancozeb, 500 times of liquid (wt/wt) to sprout, uses afterwards 60mg/kg rooting powder solutions seed soaking seedling 2 hours, then according to 5-8cm × 5-8cm is concentrated be put in seedbed, bud mouth upwards, upper One layer of family's animal manure fertilizer for becoming thoroughly decomposed is spread fertilizer over the fields in face, is then covered with fertile soil.Spring next year is sheltered from heat or light after emerging with sunshade net, is hidden Cloudy degree is 70%.After seedling leaf is fully deployed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the 2-3 concentration for 0.8wt% is sprayed, promote seedling Growth；3rd year spring dug out and survives seedling 1457 for field production, individual plant survival rate to 88.84%.

Comparative examples 2

Method according to Publication No. CN104620805A is carried out：Select base condition good, be colonized more than 5 years, rhizome weight More than 90 grams of amount, the vigorous paris polyphylla of plant strain growth is used as female parent.On the basis of Routine Management, from the leaf one of June seven The growth animated period of branch flower starts, imposed every 45 days rich in calcium, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen fertilizer, topdress 3 times, it is 135 public by per mu Jin fertilising, keeps soil moisture 65%, and control shade rate, 75%, is that female parent has stored nutrient, is that coming year multiple spot sprouts tiller Nutrient is accumulated in breeding.In December paris polyphylla ground plant to seedling, when sprouting is not yet unearthed, pushes earthing aside and find terminal bud, The former growing point of excision is terminal bud, damages former growing point, the growing point for promoting paris polyphylla rhizomatic germination new.The terminal bud of excision is cut Mouth carries out callus process, directly can smear covering in wound with scar spirit, makees callus process 500 and directly transplants afterwards, after transplanting Earthing, forbids watering and drenches with rain in one week, and because live body paris polyphylla rhizome is in hibernation, its water nutrition consumes little, by Radicula can be supplied to moisture.Can sprout to month next year 3-5 new growing point and grow sprouting and emerge.Sprouting was through 1 year Grow after seedling, each sprout is carried out to separate, obtain 1568 seedlings, directly by little transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, 1354 seedlings Survive, survival rate to 86.35%.

Claims (3)

1., using the method for paris polyphylla rhizome fast seedling raising, its concrete operation step is as follows：

(1) pretreatment of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem：The paris polyphylla fresh quench stem of annual 1～2 month excavation is selected, is cut off primary Long point is terminal bud, damages former growing point, cuts off the rhizome of non-long hair root portion, and is cleaned with 5～12% carbendazim solutions；

(2) bud that lures of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem is processed：Each paris polyphylla bud head is perpendicularly cut into into 4～8 fritters, then After being mixed with the grain active carbon after sterilization, once promote bud growth solution once at interval of sprinkling in three days, per the leaves of 100kg seven A flower rhizome sprays 7～15kg/ time, maintenance relative humidity 70～85%, 300～600LX of intensity of illumination, daily illumination 10 ～12h, temperature grows sprout, wherein usage amount kg of grain active carbon and paris polyphylla root for 25～35 days at 15～22 DEG C Stem weight kg ratio is 0.2～10kg:1kg, promotees bud growth solution and refers to the 6-BA containing 0.5～5g/L, 0.2～0.5g/L The aqueous solution of NAA, 2%～5% carbendazim；

(3) root that lures of paris polyphylla fresh quench stem is processed：After sprout grows, processed totally three times with root solution is educated, three process Interval time is 3～5 days, is sprayed 10～35kg/ time per 100kg paris polyphyllas rhizome, 15～22 DEG C of cultivation temperature, per the daylight According to 10～13 hours, 600～900LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control was cultivated 25～40 days, wherein educating root 60～75% Solution refers to the aqueous solution containing 0.8～2g/L NAA, 1%～3% carbendazim；

(4) paris polyphylla transplantation of seedlings：Paris polyphylla seedling with a large amount of fibrous roots is taken out, then is transplanted in Nutrition Soil, 18～25 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 8～12 hours, 700～1000LX of intensity of illumination, relative humidity control 50～ 70%, transplanting booth culture to overground part pours in separately seedling to be terminated；

(5) final-period management：Paris polyphylla aerial part starts the when of falling seedling directly transplanting land for growing field crops, and land for growing field crops relative humidity is controlled 40 ～60%；At 10～30 DEG C, next year June to September is covered temperature control with two-layer sunshade net, using conventional one, seven leaf Flower cultural method is managed liquid manure and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

2. method according to claim 1, the compound method of 5% carbendazim solution described in step (1) is to weigh market purchase Powder of carbendazim 5g, add 95g water mixed.

3. method according to claim 1, grain active carbon size described in step (2) is 1～10 mesh.