CN104115656A - Tai Pinellia ternate and semen cassia inter-planting cultivation method - Google Patents
Tai Pinellia ternate and semen cassia inter-planting cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种泰半夏和决明子套种栽培方法，包括选地与整地，播种，中耕除草，施肥，水分管理，摘花蕾，收获加工。泰半夏与决明子套种667m2经济效益可达10000元，具有较高的经济效益和社会效益。泰半夏与决明子套种，决明子为豆科一年生半灌木状草本，有利于土壤改良；夏季正值决明子生产旺季，可为泰半夏遮荫，给泰半夏创造较好的生产环境，减少倒苗，提高肥料利用率，增加土地单位面积的产量和经济效益；泰半夏和决明子的除草、追肥、灌溉可以同步进行，提高了劳动效率。The invention discloses an interplanting cultivation method of Pinellia chinensis and Semen Cassiae, which comprises the steps of site selection and preparation, sowing, intertillage and weeding, fertilization, water management, flower bud picking, harvesting and processing. The economic benefits of interplanting 667m 2 of Tai Pinellia and Cassia seeds can reach 10,000 yuan, which has high economic and social benefits. The interplanting of Pinellia chinensis and Semen Cassiae, Semen Cassiae is an annual semi-shrub-like herb of the leguminous family, which is conducive to soil improvement; summer is the peak production season of Cassiae, which can provide shade for Pinellia cypress, create a better production environment for Pinellia chinensis, and reduce downfall Seedlings can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, increase the yield per unit area of land and economic benefits; the weeding, topdressing and irrigation of Tai Pinellia and Cassia can be carried out simultaneously, which improves labor efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine planting technology field, relate in particular to a kind of safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed method for interplanting cultivation.
Background technology
The tuber of pinellia [Pinelliae ternate (Thunb.) Beri.t] is Araeceae perennial root herbaceous plant, is China tradition parts of generic medicinal plants, medicinal underground bulb, and tool is eliminating dampness and eliminating phlegm, effect of stopping nausea and vomiting by lowering the adverse flow of QI, dissolving lump and resolving mass.Area, Taixing, Jiangsu Province is the main producing region of the tuber of pinellia, and locals is commonly called as the safe tuber of pinellia, and another name " YEYUTOU " has the good characteristics such as large, matter is hard, look white, mealiness is sufficient, effective component content is high, is the traditional genunie medicinal materials in Jiangsu.150kg (dry product) is pressed in safe tuber of pinellia per mu yield, 120 yuan/kg meter, 667m
2the output value is about 1.8 ten thousand yuan, deduction cost, 667m
2approximately 8000 yuan of economic benefits.Cassia seed is the dry mature seed of leguminous plant Cassia tora CassiaobtusifoliaL. or little Cassia tora CassiatoraL., relax bowel, lipopenicillinase improving eyesight, treatment constipation and high fat of blood, hypertensive effect, the huge market demand, price is relatively stable, adopts seminal propagation cost low, relatively easy to raise, and be leguminous plant, helpful to soil melioration, 667m
2approximately 2000 yuan of economic benefits, therefore have interplanting and are worth.The safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed interplanting 667m
2economic benefit can reach 10000 yuan, has higher economic benefit and social benefit.The safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed interplanting, cassia seed is the annual suffruticose draft of pulse family, is conducive to soil melioration; Produce busy season on the occasion of cassia seed summer, can be the safe tuber of pinellia and shade, and creates good production environment to the safe tuber of pinellia, reduces seedling, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, increases output and the economic benefit of Land Units area; The weeding of the safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed, topdress, irrigate and can synchronously carry out, improved efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed method for interplanting cultivation.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The concrete steps of the safe tuber of pinellia of the present invention and cassia seed method for interplanting cultivation are as follows:
(1) selection of land and whole ground
Selection loosing soil, irrigation and drainage easily fertile sandy loam are planted, and farming before sowing prerequisite, to obtain soil weathering, execute bedding after base manure, the size of making the wide 1.2m of being respectively of furrow and 0.3m is alternate, and height is the flat furrow of 20cm, the safe tuber of pinellia of large furrow kind, little furrow plantation cassia seed;
(2) sowing
The safe tuber of pinellia uses stem tuber breeding, kind of stem is soaked 2 hours with the solution of 1000 times of 50% carbendazim dilutions, should after soil thaws, sow in spring with cassia seed interplanting, adopt bar broadcasting method, on whole good furrow face, ditch, ditch depth 5～8cm, ditch bottom width 5cm, by " product " font spacing in the rows 5～8cm pendulum kind, bud is head-up, after earthing, suppress 667m
2with kind of a stem 60～80kg;
Cassia seed seminal propagation, in 4 months, the last ten-days period, selects the seed of full seed, free from insect pests, add new high fat film to soak 24 hours with 50 DEG C of warm water, after pulling out and slightly drying, by the line-spacing 60cm drilling of ditching, ditch depth 5-7cm, after planting, earthing 3cm, a little suppression, water, 10-15d is emerged, and when height of seedling 5-15cm, presses spacing in the rows 30～40cm final singling in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage; (3) intertill and clean tillage
Because safe tuber of pinellia root is shallow, intertillage should be shallow unsuitable dark, after sowing earthing, artificial weeding, requires except early, except little, shallow hoe, does not hinder root, and the degree of depth is no more than 5cm, cassia seed emerge after to Feng Hangqian, often weeding, after the rain that waters, soil compaction will be intertilled in time, and note shallow hoe between strain, deeply uproot ridging when height of seedling 40cm carries out last 1 intertillage in left and right in the ranks, get furrow limit fine earth, be spread on furrow face, to cover bulbil and seed is advisable, suppression a little, lodging-prevention;
(4) fertilising
Due to safe tuber of pinellia line-spacing is closeer and with cassia seed interplanting, inconvenience is topdressed after broadcasting, and therefore, should use sufficient base manure as far as possible, every mu of the farmyard manure 1500～2000kg that executes fully to become thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 30kg and potassium sulfate 15kg, in conjunction with whole plough deeply to apply do furrow;
Topdress campaign three times, for the first time after neat seedling, 667m
2execute thin people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg, sprinkle and water in soil table, to promote plant strain growth; Second during inferior to tuberization, 667m
2impose the muck 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, ridging is to cover fertilizer and bulbil; For the third time in the time of the neat seedling of full stand, 667m
2impose cake fertilizer 40kg, superphosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, mixes and is spread on native top layer, and ridging;
(5) water management
The safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed happiness are moistening, are afraid of arid, in vegetative period, to note watering, and timely draining in rainy season, prevention waterlogging;
(6) defloration flower bud
In the safe tuber of pinellia whole vegetative period, except need are reserved seed for planting, the bud of all the other plant should be extractd in batches, can promote tuber growth, reaches high yield;
(7) results processing
The safe tuber of pinellia was gathered in the then or 2nd year, generally after summer and autumn, cauline leaf withered seedling, excavated, and stem tuber washes earth, remove in time crust, dry or dry and can be used as medicine after drying smelt in the hot water of 80 DEG C, cassia seed is ripe gradually in the time of the Autumnal Equinox, gather and affect quality too early, gathered evening, mature seed drops on the ground, affect output, cassia seed is gathered and should in the time that pod becomes yellowish-brown, be started results, and complete stool is cut off and dried, and gets seed, remove impurity, medicinal material.
In step (4), in people and animals' liquid dung, liquid dung is than being 1:3.
There is root rot in growing period, with 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of 75% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, spraying or 1% ferrous sulfate 2kg filling root; There is leaf spot, with 800 times of liquid sprayings of 65% mancozeb wettable powder or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 50% Sukeling wettable powder; There is ring spot, 400～500 times of liquid sprayings of 40% folpet for their early stage; There is virus disease, with 400 times of liquid sprayings of 15% viral A dilution or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 1.5% ZhiBingLing(SIC) emulsion; Appearance aphid is caused harm seriously with 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% Rogor seedling stage; Occur that red hawkmoth causes harm with 20% the go out spraying of 1000 times of liquid of chrysanthemum ester or 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 1.8% avermectin missible oil.
Good effect of the present invention is as follows:
The safe tuber of pinellia of the present invention and cassia seed method for interplanting cultivation can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase output and the economic benefit of Land Units area; The weeding of the safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed, topdress, irrigate and can synchronously carry out, improved efficiency.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, adopt medicine medicine interplanting pattern, reduced management cost, two kinds of crops complete in same hypervisor, do not increase management recruitment, have increased the economic benefit of unit are, in same plot, have gathered in the crops two kinds of medicinal materials in same management process simultaneously.
2, cassia seed provides shady and cool moist growing environment for the tuber of pinellia, and the output of the growing environment traditional Chinese medicine tuber of pinellia of having simulated the ecosystem of the tuber of pinellia is higher, obtain good quality of product.
3, resource-sharing, has saved fertilizer, water and agricultural chemicals.
Embodiment
The following examples are to describe in further detail of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. habit of growth
Safe tuber of pinellia happiness the moon covers, and suitablely in fertile, well-drained sandy loam, grows, and safe tuber of pinellia root is shallow, is afraid of arid, avoids high temperature, and should grow summer in half cloudy half light, and fear high light, under direct sunlight or water deficient condition, the phenomenon of falling seedling easily occurs.Cassia seed happiness warm and moist weather, sunny in full summer, high temperature and rainy seasonal growth is best, but is afraid of waterlogging, upper, sowing in the middle ten days in general April, late September maturation, 150d in vegetative period left and right.
2. propagation method
The breeding of safe tuber of pinellia propagation method tuberosity, bulbil breeding, seminal propagation and tissue culture propagating.In production, breed as main taking stem tuber breeding and bulbil, also can seminal propagation.Stem tuber breeding is used more, and bulbil breeding is used takes second place.Seminal propagation germination rate is not high, and the production cycle is long, does not generally adopt.Tissue culture propagating technical requirement is high, and at present, not yet spread, treats spread in the future.Stem tuber breeding: by the solution immersion of 1000 times of 50% carbendazim dilutions 2 hours for kind of stem, should after thawing, soil sow in spring with cassia seed interplanting, adopt bar broadcasting method, on whole good furrow face, ditch, ditch depth 5～8cm, ditch bottom width 5cm, by " product " font spacing in the rows 5～8cm pendulum kind, bud head-up, is suppressed after earthing, 667m
2with approximately 60～80kg of kind of stem.Concrete planting density should be determined according to soil property and fertility.
Cassia seed seminal propagation.In 4 months, the last ten-days period, select the seed of full seed, free from insect pests, add new high fat film to soak 24 hours with 50 DEG C of warm water, after pulling out and slightly drying, by the line-spacing 60cm drilling of ditching, ditch depth 5-7cm.After planting, earthing 3cm, suppression, waters a little, and 10-15d just can be emerged, and thinning when height of seedling 5cm left and right, when height of seedling 15cm, is pressed spacing in the rows 30～40cm final singling in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage.
3. selection of land and whole ground
Select loosing soil, irrigation and drainage easily fertile sandy loam plant, farming as early as possible before sowing, with soil weathering, execute bedding after middle base manure, the size of making the wide 1.2m of being respectively of furrow and 0.3m is alternate, height is the flat furrow of 20cm.
4. field management
4.1 intertill and clean tillage
Because safe tuber of pinellia root is shallow, intertillage should be shallow unsuitable dark, after sowing earthing, taking artificial weeding as main, requires except early, except little, shallow hoe, do not hinder root, and the degree of depth is no more than 5cm.Cassia seed emerge after to Feng Hangqian, often weeding, after the rain that waters, soil compaction will be intertilled in time.And note shallow hoe between strain, in the ranks deeply uproot.When last 1 intertillage is carried out in about height of seedling 40cm, ridging, gets furrow limit fine earth, is spread on furrow face, to cover bulbil and seed is advisable, suppression a little.Can lodging-prevention.4.2 fertilising
Due to safe tuber of pinellia line-spacing is closeer and with cassia seed interplanting, inconvenience is topdressed after broadcasting, and therefore, should use sufficient base manure as far as possible.Every mu of the farmyard manure 1500～2000kg that executes fully to become thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 30kg and potassium sulfate 15kg, in conjunction with whole plough deeply to apply do furrow.The alternate flat furrow of size of generally making the wide 1.2m of being respectively of furrow and 0.3m, furrow length is determined according to plot, convenient for well with irrigation and drainage, the safe tuber of pinellia of large furrow kind, little furrow are planted cassia seed.
Topdress campaign three times, for the first time after neat seedling, 667m
2execute thin people and animals' liquid dung (1:3) 1000kg, sprinkle and water in soil table, to promote plant strain growth; Second during inferior to tuberization, 667m
2impose the muck 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, ridging is to cover fertilizer and bulbil; For the third time in the time of the neat seedling of full stand, 667m
2impose cake fertilizer 40kg, superphosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, mixes and is spread on native top layer, and ridging.
4.3 water management
The safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed happiness are moistening, are afraid of arid, will note watering in vegetative period.Timely draining in rainy season, prevention waterlogging.
4.4 defloration flower buds
In the safe tuber of pinellia whole vegetative period, except need are reserved seed for planting, the bud of all the other plant should be extractd in batches, can promote tuber growth, reaches high yield.
5. the extermination of disease and insect pest
The tuber of pinellia and the insect pest of cassia seed main diseases have root rot, leaf spot, ring spot, virus disease and red hawkmoth etc.Root rot: with 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of 75% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, spraying or 1% ferrous sulfate 2kg filling root; Leaf spot: cause of disease is a kind of imperfect fungus in fungi, multiple with 5～July, the blade of causing harm.Initial stage produces brown scab, and later stage scab produces grey mustiness thing, with 800 times of liquid sprayings of 65% mancozeb wettable powder or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 50% Sukeling wettable powder; Ring spot: the Cassia tora blastostyle that causes harm, leaf, fruit pod scab subcircular, wheel line is not obvious, close raw black point of later stage, 400～500 times of liquid sprayings of 40% folpet for their early stage; Virus disease: how to occur in summer, for whole-plant disease, when morbidity, on blade, produce yellow irregular spot, make leaf become floral leaf shape, leaf-shrinkage is curling, until dead, and underground Abnormal tuber slight of stature, it is bad that quality becomes, with 400 times of liquid sprayings of 15% viral A dilution or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 1.5% ZhiBingLing(SIC) emulsion; Aphid is caused harm seriously with 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% Rogor seedling stage; Red hawkmoth is gone out with 20%, and 1000 times of liquid of chrysanthemum ester are sprayed or 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 1.8% avermectin missible oil.
6. results processing
Collecting time has certain influence to root yield and quality, and the safe tuber of pinellia is gathered affects output too early, is excessively difficult to remove the peel dry processing evening.Safe tuber of pinellia seminal propagation needs 2～4 years, stem tuber breeding and bulbil breeding were gathered in the then or 2nd year, generally after summer and autumn, cauline leaf withered seedling, excavated, and stem tuber washes earth, remove in time crust, dry or dry and can be used as medicine dry smelt in the hot water of 80 DEG C after.Cassia seed is ripe gradually in the time of the Autumnal Equinox, gathers and affects quality too early, gathers evening, and mature seed drops on the ground, affects output.Cassia seed gather should in the time that pod becomes yellowish-brown, start results, complete stool is cut off and is dried, get seed, remove impurity, medicinal material.
The safe tuber of pinellia of the present invention and cassia seed interplanting method, after practical application, have following economic advantages:
150kg (dry product) is pressed in safe tuber of pinellia per mu yield, 120 yuan/kg meter, 667m
2the output value is about 1.8 ten thousand yuan, deduction cost, 667m
2approximately 8000 yuan of economic benefits.The cassia seed huge market demand, price is relatively stable, adopts seminal propagation cost low, relatively easy to raise, 667m
2approximately 2000 yuan of economic benefits, therefore have interplanting and are worth.The safe tuber of pinellia and cassia seed interplanting 667m
2economic benefit can reach 10000 yuan, has higher economic benefit.
Consider the impact of planting density, the safe tuber of pinellia is interplanted income than the safe tuber of pinellia income increase approximately 15% of nonoculture, than nonoculture cassia seed income increase approximately 400%. with cassia seed
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN106576747A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-04-26 | 韦慧芳 | Cultivation method for cassia seed |
| CN107548936A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 南京柯菲平盛辉制药有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of wide rattletop |
| CN108849300A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-23 | 鲁小强 | A kind of interplanting method of the tuber of pinellia and Alhagi sparsifolia |
| CN109197355A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A method of by interplanting beggar-ticks prevention and control orange caterpillar |
| CN110506592A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of threeleaf akebia and tuber of pinellia method for interplanting cultivation |
| CN111657072A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-15 | 周口市农业科学院 | Sesame and pinellia ternate intercropping and interplanting method |
| CN111789010A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-20 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A method of intercropping roselle and pinellia |
| CN112243820A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 贵州蔚源中药材产业开发有限公司 | Pinellia ternata interplanting technology |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107548936A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 南京柯菲平盛辉制药有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of wide rattletop |
| CN106576747A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-04-26 | 韦慧芳 | Cultivation method for cassia seed |
| CN108849300A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-23 | 鲁小强 | A kind of interplanting method of the tuber of pinellia and Alhagi sparsifolia |
| CN109197355A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A method of by interplanting beggar-ticks prevention and control orange caterpillar |
| CN110506592A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-29 | 长江大学 | A kind of threeleaf akebia and tuber of pinellia method for interplanting cultivation |
| CN111657072A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-15 | 周口市农业科学院 | Sesame and pinellia ternate intercropping and interplanting method |
| CN111789010A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-20 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A method of intercropping roselle and pinellia |
| CN112243820A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 贵州蔚源中药材产业开发有限公司 | Pinellia ternata interplanting technology |
| CN112243820B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-05-06 | 西和县百草堂中药材有限公司 | Pinellia ternata interplanting technology |
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