CN103444408B - High-yield seed reproduction method of purple perilla - Google Patents
High-yield seed reproduction method of purple perilla Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444408B CN103444408B CN201310398264.2A CN201310398264A CN103444408B CN 103444408 B CN103444408 B CN 103444408B CN 201310398264 A CN201310398264 A CN 201310398264A CN 103444408 B CN103444408 B CN 103444408B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seed reproduction method of a plant, in particular to a seed reproduction method of purple perilla, which belongs to the technical field of plant breeding. According to the high-yield seed reproduction method of the purple perilla, the abscission loss of seeds in the fields can be reduced; the harvesting time of the seeds in the fields can be prolonged; the quality, the yield and the germination rate of the purple perilla seeds can be obviously improved; market demands can be met; a function of soil moisture conservation on soil is achieved; meanwhile, the method is simple and easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a Plants, relate in particular to a kind of breeding method of purple perilla, belong to field of plant variety breeding technology.
Background technology
Purple perilla tender leaf is nutritious, contain multiple nutritional components, purple perilla is edible leaf not only, its seed is also because containing the composition edibles such as high protein, oryzanol, vitamin E, vitamin B1, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, sterol, phosphatide, and, asthma due to excessive phlegm contrary to coughing, the stagnation of the circulation of vital energy, constipation etc. have therapeutic action.Purple perilla approximately has the history of nearly 2000 in China's plantation application, be mainly used in medicinal, oil use, spices, the aspect such as edible, its leaf (Su Ye), obstruct (caulis perllae), really (perillaseed) all can be used as medicine.In the last few years, purple perilla, because of its distinctive active substance and nutrient component, became a kind of multi-purpose plant of extremely World Focusing, and economic worth is very high.The states such as Russia, Japan, Korea S, the U.S., Canada have carried out a large amount of commerciality plantations to Perilla plant, and therefore annual purple perilla seed is in great demand.Purple perilla flower, for wheel umbrella inflorescence 2 flowers, forms the raceme that top is raw and armpit is raw amesiality, flower honor mitriform, and corolla tubulose, nut is avette 1 seed that contains.Because whole inflorescence is ripe inconsistent from top to bottom, and purple perilla seed comes off very easily naturally, so existing method is just harvesting when seed 40%～50% is ripe, then by a period of time after-ripening, makes the not full ripe seed of part reach full maturity.Its shortcoming is: even by after-ripening, still have the part seed can not full maturity, reduced seed production and quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existing for prior art, the high yield breeding method of a kind of purple perilla of proposition, guarantees seed production and quality.
The present invention is technical solution problem by the following technical programs: a kind of high yield breeding method of purple perilla, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the first tenday period of a month in May, select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage as seedbed, evenly sprinkle the seed of purple perilla in field easily on seedbed, the thicker fine earth that sieves of lid layer 0.5cm, finally at surface cover last layer straw to emerging;
Step 2, field planting field is ploughed and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, every mu of basal dressing and soil be mixed whole thin after, make that 1.0m is wide, the ridge of high 15-20cm;
Step 3, in the time of 40 ± 2 days, carry out field planting when purple perilla height of seedling 12-15cm, seedling age, parallel cultivation 2 row in every ridge, field planting spacing in the rows is 30-40cm;
Step 4, growing period keep ground moistening, when purple perilla plant grows to plant height 50cm, retain 4-5 leaf below and carry out pinching;
Step 5, before envelope ridge, on furrow face and furrow ditch in every two in the middle of row purple perillas, lay the wide plastic film of 1m, with the two ends of stone fixed plastics film;
Step 6, when seed 70～80% is ripe, disposable harvesting, is bundled into wisp after cutting, transport to cement threshing ground and concentrate and place after-ripening vertically,, after after-ripening 6-8 days, with bamboo pole, pat threshing seed one time, the seed of taking off dries in time, warehouse-in; By in time selected after the seed collection on plastic film, dry, put in storage simultaneously.
In said method, in described step 1, seedbed is 1:40 with the ratio of land for growing field crops area.
In described step 2, base manure is 3000 kilograms of decomposed dungs, composite fertilizer 30kg.Described composite fertilizer is that N:P:K is the composite fertilizer of 15:15:15.
In described step 3, the spacing in the rows of field planting is the 30cm of purple Soviet Union, the livid purple 40cm of Soviet Union.During field planting, in planting pit, execute chlorophos or meter Le Er, every mu of consumption 1kg.
In described step 4, in pinching, within first 10 days, earth up.Growing period waters and executes at plant root with 100 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal.
In described step 6, ripe sign is that the tassel of purple perilla is brown.
Fine earth of the present invention referred to the soil of 20 mesh sieves.
Ridging is after crop-planting, when needing weeding and arranging irrigation canals and ditches, with cultivator, between crop, dig, and by the next soil of roll up, overlay on the root position of crop, the purpose of ridging, be that some crop need to increase the soil of root, carry out weeding operation simultaneously, also can arrange the irrigation canals and ditches in field, in order to draining.
Method of the present invention can reduce the seed loss that comes off in field, can extend seed at the harvest time in field, not only can significantly improve quality, output and the germination rate of purple perilla seed, to meet the need of market, and soil is had to soil moisture conservation effect, simultaneously simple to operation.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-
1, kind
Experimental group and control group kind select respectively M50-4DN(Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City of livid purple Soviet Union on sale)
2, grow seedlings
Selection of land gesture is smooth, and seedbed 100m is in irrigation and drainage easily field
2.May 6 was watered vola water by seedbed, and before sowing on May 7, after seedbed being harrowed down with tingle rake, seed evenly disseminates, the thin fine earth of lid layer, then on seedbed, add a cover sunshade net, finally with watering can, spill less a water.After emerging, throw off in time sunshade net.Water seedling stage according to seedbed soil moisture content in good time, during height of seedling 3-5cm, thinning is 1 time.
2, prepare in field planting field
Select the Field planting of one 5 mu, May 29, field planting field deep ploughing was suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and every mu of June 10 executed 3000 kilograms of decomposed dungs, composite fertilizer N:P:K(15:15:15) 30kg/ makes base manure, then be mixed and wholely make half wide high ridge of 1.0m after thin with soil.
3, field planting in good time
When June 15, height of seedling reached 13-15cm, carry out field planting, parallel cultivation 2 row in every ridge, field planting spacing in the rows 40cm.
4, field management
Field planting is lived and to be carried out intertill and clean tillage later, and July 12 retained plant bottom 4-5 sheet blade, carried out pinching, every mu of July 13 imposes composite fertilizer N:P:K(15:15:15) 20kg, and water.
5, the extermination of disease and insect pest
During field planting, execute chlorophos in planting pit, June 30, in conjunction with watering, watered and executes plant root control soil insect with 100 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal.
When finding that there is aphid, prodenia litura, with insecticide sprays such as 7500-10000 times of liquid of the safe emulsion of 25% Acker, 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 5000 times of liquid of 2.5% time missible oil, 1500 times of liquid of 50% Phoxim emulsion, control.
6, field paving plastic film
Embodiment: half on the furrow face and furrow ditch in the middle of every two row purple perillas, manually spread the wide plastic film of 1m September 17, and two presses with stone.Control group: second half is paving plastic film not.
7, seed results
Embodiment: October 13, purple perilla tassel was all brown, disposable harvesting.After cutting, be bundled into wisp, transport to threshing ground and concentrate and to place after-ripening vertically, the seed on plastic film is dried, selected rear warehouse-in simultaneously.After after-ripening 7 days, purple perilla is spread out and dried, with bamboo pole, pat threshing seed one time.The seed of taking off will dry immediately, selected rear warehouse-in.
Control group: October 4, disposable harvesting, was bundled into wisp after cutting when purple perilla tassel the first half has been brown, transports to threshing ground and concentrates and to place after-ripening vertically and with bamboo pole, pat one time after 7 days, and then tie and place after-ripening in 7 days vertically, then take off one time.The seed of taking off will dry immediately, selects descendant storehouse.
Finally, to embodiment and control group seed testing output, unit weight and germination rate, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment bis-
1, kind
Embodiment and control group kind all select M10-53M(Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City of purple Soviet Union on sale)
2, grow seedlings
Selection of land gesture is smooth, and seedbed 100m is in irrigation and drainage easily field
2.May 6 was watered vola water by seedbed, and before sowing on May 7, after seedbed being harrowed down with tingle rake, seed evenly disseminates, the thin fine earth of lid layer, then on seedbed, add a cover sunshade net, finally with watering can, spill less a water.After emerging, throw off in time sunshade net.Water seedling stage according to seedbed soil moisture content in good time, during height of seedling 3-5cm, thinning is 1 time.
2, prepare in field planting field
Select the Field planting of one 7 mu, May 27, field planting field deep ploughing was suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and amounted to every mu on June 9 and executed 3000 kilograms of decomposed dungs, composite fertilizer N:P:K(15:15:15) 40kg/ makes base manure, then be mixed and wholely make half wide high ridge of 1.0m after thin with soil.
3, field planting in good time
When June 14, height of seedling reached 13-14cm, carry out field planting, parallel cultivation 2 row in every ridge, field planting spacing in the rows 30cm.
4, field management
Field planting is lived and to be carried out intertill and clean tillage later, retains 4-5 sheet blade below plant on July 10, carries out pinching, every mu of July 13 imposes composite fertilizer N:P:K(15:15:15) 20kg, and water.
5, the extermination of disease and insect pest
During field planting, execute chlorophos in planting pit, June 29, in conjunction with watering, watered and executes plant root control soil insect with 100 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal.
When finding that there is aphid, prodenia litura, with insecticide sprays such as 7500-10000 times of liquid of the safe emulsion of 25% Acker, 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution, 5000 times of liquid of 2.5% time missible oil, 1500 times of liquid of 50% Phoxim emulsion, control.
6, field paving plastic film
Embodiment: half on the furrow face and furrow ditch in the middle of every two row purple perillas, manually spread the wide plastic film of 1m September 15, and two presses with stone.Control group: second half does not spread.
7, seed results
Embodiment: October 9, purple perilla tassel was all brown, disposable harvesting.After cutting, be bundled into wisp, transport to threshing ground and concentrate and to place after-ripening vertically, the seed on plastic film is dried, selected rear warehouse-in simultaneously.After after-ripening 7 days, purple perilla is spread out and dried, with bamboo pole, pat threshing seed one time.The seed of taking off will dry immediately, selected rear warehouse-in.
Control group: October 3, disposable harvesting, was bundled into wisp after cutting when purple perilla tassel the first half has been brown, transports to threshing ground and concentrates and to place after-ripening vertically and with bamboo pole, pat one time after 7 days, and then tie and place after-ripening in 7 days vertically, then take off one time.The seed of taking off will dry immediately, selects descendant storehouse.
Finally, to embodiment and control group seed testing output, thousand kernel weight and germination rate, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Except above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a high yield breeding method for purple perilla, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the first tenday period of a month in May, select that physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are done seedbed in field easily, on seedbed, evenly sprinkle the seed of purple perilla, the thicker fine earth that sieves of lid layer 0.5cm, finally at surface cover last layer straw to emerging;
Step 2, field planting field is ploughed and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, every mu of basal dressing and soil be mixed whole thin after, the ridge of making wide, the high 15-20 ㎝ of 1.0m;
Step 3, in the time of 40 ± 2 days, carry out field planting when purple perilla height of seedling 12-15cm, seedling age, parallel cultivation 2 row in every ridge, field planting spacing in the rows is 30-40cm;
Step 4, growing period keep ground moistening, when purple perilla plant grows to plant height 50cm, retain 4-5 leaf below and carry out pinching;
Step 5, before envelope ridge, on furrow face and furrow ditch in every two in the middle of row purple perillas, lay the wide plastic film of 1 m, with the two ends of stone fixed plastics film;
Step 6, when seed 70～80% is ripe, disposable harvesting, is bundled into wisp after cutting, transport to cement threshing ground and concentrate and place after-ripening vertically,, after after-ripening 6-8 days, with bamboo pole, pat threshing seed one time, the seed of taking off dries in time, warehouse-in; Simultaneously by plastic film
In time selectedly after seed collection dry, put in storage;
In above described step 1, seedbed is 1:40 with the ratio of land for growing field crops area;
In described step 2, base manure is 3000 kilograms of decomposed dungs, composite fertilizer 30 kg, and described composite fertilizer is that N:P:K is the composite fertilizer of 15:15:15, during field planting, executes chlorophos or meter Le Er in planting pit, every mu of consumption 1kg;
In described step 3, the spacing in the rows of field planting is the 30cm of purple Soviet Union, the livid purple 40cm of Soviet Union;
In described step 4, in pinching, within first 10 days, earth up; Growing period waters and executes at plant root with 100 times of liquid of 90% chlorophos crystal;
In described step 6, ripe sign is that the tassel of purple perilla is brown.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310398264.2A CN103444408B (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2013-09-05 | High-yield seed reproduction method of purple perilla |
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| CN103444408B true CN103444408B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104160852A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 宁国千方中药发展有限公司 | Labiate purple perilla cultivating method |
| CN104285625B (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-07-06 | 沈友福 | A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae |
| CN104823669B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-04-19 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | Method for prolonging leave harvesting time of perilla |
| CN105766347A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-20 | 陈键 | Method for planting perilla frutescens |
| CN107173215B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2019-06-21 | 贵港市光速达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of purple perilla new varieties |
| CN109076893A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | A kind of implantation methods of purple perilla breeding |
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