CN104285625B - A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae - Google Patents
A kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285625B CN104285625B CN201410414495.2A CN201410414495A CN104285625B CN 104285625 B CN104285625 B CN 104285625B CN 201410414495 A CN201410414495 A CN 201410414495A CN 104285625 B CN104285625 B CN 104285625B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, be related specifically to a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae.The present invention furthers investigate the habit of Folium Perillae, is controlled by the liquid manure in Folium Perillae different growing stages, it is thus achieved that a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae.Be greatly improved according to the yield relatively prior art of the cultural method not only Folium Perillae of the present invention, the quality of Fructus Perillae also had some improvement simultaneously, it is thus achieved that Fructus Perillae squeezing oil yield higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of plant, be related specifically to a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae.
Background technology
Folium Perillae: ancient name is weak, has another name called common perilla, red Soviet Union, red Soviet Union, fragrant Soviet Union, black Soviet Union, trillium Soviet Union, blue or green Soviet Union, wild Soviet Union, Perilla frutescens, Soviet Union's grass, Tang Zisu, osmanthus, wrinkle leaf Soviet Union, Huis Soviet Union etc..For Labiatae annual herb plant.There is special fragrance, originate in China, be nowadays distributed mainly on the countries such as India, Burma, China, Japan, Korea, Korea S, Indonesia and Russia.All there are wild species and cultigen in China North China, Central China, south China, southwest and Taiwan Province.
Fructus Perillae: the dry mature fruit of Folium Perillae.Acrid in the mouth, warm in nature.Return lung meridian.Effect sending down the abnormal ascending QI expectorant, relieving cough and asthma, intestine moistening.Clinic name has Fructus Perillae, Fructus Perillae (parched), processed with honey Fructus Perillae, Fructus Perillae frost.Possess abundant medical value and edibility.
Perilla oil: perilla oil obtains from the seed of Labiatae medicinal plants Folium Perillae (Perillafrutesccns), it it is the natural oil of a kind of high degree of unsaturation, contained Main Ingredients and Appearance is alpha-linolenic acid, content, up to 50%-70%, is that in all crude vegetals found at present, this content of fatty acid is the highest.The edible, medicinal of perilla oil has a long history, and Shennong's Herbal is classified as top grade.Have protect the liver, antithrombotic, blood fat reducing, blood pressure lowering, protect vision, improve the effect of intelligence, and anaphylaxis and inflammation are had inhibitory action.
Caulis Perillae is pungent, temperature.Return lung, spleen channel.There is regulating the flow of QI to ease the stomach, effect that pain relieving is antiabortive.
By more than, Folium Perillae possesses abundant medicine-food two-purpose and is worth.In purple-perilla cultivation method many employings industry of prior art, the cultural method of similar plants, without specific aim, does not meet Folium Perillae habit.Therefore, exist always Fructus Perillae yield poorly per mu yield about 300kg, the low oil yield of Fructus Perillae oil yield that obtains be 35% (mass fraction) left and right, the problem such as benefit materials content is up to standard or content is low in Fructus Perillae, and the harmful substance contents in Fructus Perillae exceeds standard or content is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the ubiquitous Fructus Perillae of prior art purple-perilla cultivation method to yield poorly, Fructus Perillae oil yield is low, Fructus Perillae benefit materials content is low, the high deficiency of harmful substance contents, and the present invention provides a kind of cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae.
In the present invention:
Airing: refer at ambient temperature, it is to avoid solar exposure, the method for the globule of natural air drying Fructus Perillae surface attachment.
Leaching is executed: refers to and is applied to uniformly on soil by nutritional solution, makes nutritional solution be submerged initially in soil and is stored, the method then absorbed by plant again through soil.
Spray: refer to and nutritional solution is sprayed at uniformly plant surface, the method that nutritional solution is directly absorbed by plant.
It is highly preferred that the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology in the application joins fertilizer, it is possible to selection sporeformer biology joins fertile replacement, it is also possible to comparatively preferably select fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology to join fertilizer as an alternative.
The cultivating superior high-yield method of a kind of Folium Perillae of the present invention specifically includes following steps:
A., the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology that Fructus Perillae is placed in percentage by weight 15%-25% joins immersion 30-50min in rich water solution, then pulls Fructus Perillae out, the globule of airing Fructus Perillae surface attachment under room temperature condition；
B. broadcasting sowing the Fructus Perillae after airing in step a in seedbed uniformly, then cover lid layer fine earth on Fructus Perillae surface, maintenance seedbed of watering moistens, and covers thin film afterwards on surface, seedbed；
C. when seedbed seedling is unearthed one week: imposing the farmers''s excrement clear water once removing solid impurity, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight 0.3%-0.4% in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is 2-3kg/m2；Afterwards, executing seedbed by the water-soluble immersion of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, described microbial bacterial agent amount of aqueous solution used is 2004.8-2007.2kg/ mu, joins fertilizer, the carbamide of 4-6kg and 2000kg water including the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology of 0.8-1.2kg；
D., during seedling age 28-32 days, by Folium Perillae seedling survival after transplant big Tanaka, field planting line-spacing 2.3-2.7 chi, field planting den, from 2.3-2.6 chi, each den field planting two young plant, two Seedling spacing 4.8-5.2 cun, irrigate during field planting and determine root water；
E. during height of seedling 18-22cm, soaking with the aqueous solution of urea of percentage by weight 0.1% and execute soil, described aqueous solution of urea consumption is 2-3kg/ mu；
F. during height of seedling 48-52cm, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 100.8-101.1kg/ mu, joins fertile and 100kg water including 0.8-1.1kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology；
G., during height of seedling 90-100cm, a mepiquat chloride is sprayed；The consumption of mepiquat chloride is 4g/ mu, when specifically spraying, it is possible to is dissolved by 4g mepiquat chloride in advance and enters in 35kg water, to realize uniformly spraying of mepiquat chloride；
H. during the Folium Perillae florescence, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 100.8-101.1kg/ mu, joins fertile and 100kg water including 0.8-1.1kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology.
Further, the step in improvement seedbed it is additionally provided with before described step b, particularly as follows: is turned in seedbed, remove rubble, stone and plastic foil impurity, then Jin Shiyici farmers' excrement clear water, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight 0.3%-0.4% in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is 2-3kg/m2。
Further, the step of improvement field planting field soil it is additionally provided with before described step d, particularly as follows: when turning over field planting field soil, apply a microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 221.8-226.2kg/ mu, joins fertilizer, 18-22kg carbamide and 200kg water including 3.8-4.2kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology.
Compared with prior art, the cultivating superior high-yield method yield of Folium Perillae of the present invention is high, and per mu yield 392-416kg, far above the per mu yield 300kg of prior art.Meanwhile, by the Fructus Perillae better quality that the cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae of the present invention obtains, it is embodied in that the benefit materials content in Fructus Perillae is high, harmful substance oil yield high oil recovery low, Fructus Perillae in Fructus Perillae can be promoted to more than 38% etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the cultivating superior high-yield method of Folium Perillae of the present invention is further elaborated.
The 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology that following embodiment 1-4 uses joins fertile buying from Mu He bio tech ltd, Hebei, and other such as raw materials such as carbamide, mepiquat chloride all adopt common commercially available prod.
Embodiment 1:
The concrete cultural method of Folium Perillae
A. Fructus Perillae is placed in the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology that percentage by weight is A1 and joins immersion A2 in rich water solution, then pull Fructus Perillae out, the globule of airing Fructus Perillae surface attachment under room temperature condition；
B. being turned in seedbed, remove rubble, stone and plastic foil impurity, then Jin Shiyici farmers' excrement clear water, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight B1 in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is B2；Broadcasting sowing the Fructus Perillae after air-dry in step a in seedbed uniformly, then cover lid layer fine earth on Fructus Perillae surface, maintenance seedbed of watering moistens, and covers thin film afterwards on surface, seedbed；
C. when seedbed seedling is unearthed one week: imposing the farmers''s excrement clear water once removing solid impurity, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight C1 in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is C2；Afterwards, executing seedbed by the water-soluble immersion of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, described microbial bacterial agent amount of aqueous solution used is C3, joins the water of fertilizer, the carbamide of C5 and C6 including the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology of C4；
D. turning over field planting field soil, apply a microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is D1, joins fertilizer, D3 carbamide and D4 water including D2 the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology；During seedling age D5, by Folium Perillae seedling survival after transplant big Tanaka, field planting line-spacing D6, field planting den from D7, each den field planting two young plant, two young plant space D 8, irrigate during field planting and determine root water；
E. during height of seedling E1, soaking with the aqueous solution of urea of percentage by weight E2 and execute soil, described aqueous solution of urea consumption is E3；
F. during height of seedling F1, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is F2, joins fertile and F4 water including F3 the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology；
G. during height of seedling G1, spraying a mepiquat chloride, the consumption of mepiquat chloride is G2；
H. during the Folium Perillae florescence, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is H1, joins fertile and H3 water including H2 the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology.
I. Fructus Perillae is ripe, harvesting.
Embodiment 2-4 purple-perilla cultivation method is with embodiment 1, and the control parameter of concrete each step is as described in Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | |
| A1 | 15% | 20% | 25% |
| A2 | 30min | 40min | 50min |
| B1 | 0.3% | 0.35% | 0.4% |
| B2 | 2kg/m2 | 2.5kg/m2 | 3kg/m2 |
| C1 | 0.3% | 0.35% | 0.4% |
| C2 | 2kg/m2 | 2.5kg/m2 | 3kg/m2 |
| C3 | 2004.8kg/ mu | 2006kg/ mu | 2007.2kg/ mu |
| C4 | 0.8kg | 1kg | 1.2kg |
| C5 | 4kg | 5kg | 6kg |
| C6 | 2000kg | 2000kg | 2000kg |
| D1 | 221.8kg/ mu | 224kg/ mu | 226.2kg/ mu |
| D2 | 3.8kg | 4kg | 4.2kg |
| D3 | 18kg | 20kg | 22kg |
| D4 | 200kg | 200kg | 200kg |
| D5 | 28 days | 30 days | 32 days |
| D6 | 2.3 chis | 2.5 chis | 2.7 chis |
| D7 | 2.3 chis | 2.4 chis | 2.6 chis |
| D8 | 4.8 cun | 5 cun | 5.2 cun 3--> |
| E1 | 18cm | 20cm | 22cm |
| E2 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| E3 | 2kg/ mu | 2.5kg/ mu | 3 kg/ mus |
| F1 | 48cm | 50cm | 52cm |
| F2 | 100.8kg/ mu | 101kg/ mu | 101.1kg/ mu |
| F3 | 0.8kg | 1kg | 1.1kg |
| F4 | 100kg | 100kg | 100kg |
| G1 | 90cm | 95cm | 100cm |
| G2 | 4g/ mu | 3.5g/ mu | 4.5g/ mu |
| H1 | 100.8kg/ mu | 101kg/ mu | 101.1kg/ mu |
| H2 | 0.8kg | 1kg | 1.1kg |
| H3 | 100kg | 100kg | 100kg |
Embodiment 5:
The average yield per mu yield of the Fructus Perillae of embodiment 2-4 is listed in table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | |
| Average product | 392kg/ mu | 407kg/ mu | 416kg/ mu |
Embodiment 6:
The squeezing oil yield of the Fructus Perillae of embodiment 2-4 is listed in table 3.
Table 3
| Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | |
| Every 100kg Fructus Perillae oil pump capacity | 38kg | 39.2kg | 38.7kg |
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method of a Folium Perillae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A., the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology that Fructus Perillae is placed in percentage by weight 15%-25% joins immersion 30-50min in rich water solution, then pulls Fructus Perillae out, the globule of airing Fructus Perillae surface attachment under room temperature condition；
B. broadcasting sowing the Fructus Perillae after airing in step a in seedbed uniformly, then cover lid layer fine earth on Fructus Perillae surface, maintenance seedbed of watering moistens, and covers thin film afterwards on surface, seedbed；
C. when seedbed seedling is unearthed one week: imposing the farmers''s excrement clear water once removing solid impurity, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight 0.3%-0.4% in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is 2-3kg/m2；Afterwards, seedbed is executed by the water-soluble immersion of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 2004.8-2007.2kg/ mu, and wherein said microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution includes the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology of 0.8-1.2kg and joins fertilizer, the carbamide of 4-6kg and 2000kg water；
D. during seedling age 28-32 days, by Folium Perillae seedling survival after transplant big Tanaka, field planting line-spacing 2.3-2.7 chi, field planting den from 2.3-2.6 chi, each den field planting two young plant, two Seedling spacing 4.8-5.2 cun；
E. during height of seedling 18-22cm, soaking with the aqueous solution of urea of percentage by weight 0.1% and execute soil, described aqueous solution of urea consumption is 2-3kg/ mu；
F. during height of seedling 48-62cm, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 100.8-101.1kg/ mu, joins fertile and 100kg water including 0.8-1.1kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology；
G., during height of seedling 90-100cm, a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution is sprayed；
H. during the Folium Perillae florescence, spraying plant with microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 100.8-101.1kg/ mu, joins fertile and 100kg water including 0.8-1.1kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology.
2. the cultural method of a kind of Folium Perillae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The step in improvement seedbed it is additionally provided with before described step b, particularly as follows: is turned in seedbed, remove rubble, stone and plastic foil impurity, then Jin Shiyici farmers' excrement clear water, with the addition of the carbamide of percentage by weight 0.3%-0.4% in described farmers' excrement clear water, the consumption of described farmers' excrement clear water is 2-3kg/m2.
3. the cultural method of a kind of Folium Perillae according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:
The step of improvement field planting field soil it is additionally provided with before described step d, particularly as follows: when turning over field planting field soil, apply a microbial-bacterial fertilizer aqueous solution, described microbial-bacterial fertilizer amount of aqueous solution used is 221.8-226.2kg/ mu, joins fertilizer, 18-22kg carbamide and 200kg water including 3.8-4.2kg the 5th generation fixed nitrogen sporeformer biology.
4. the cultural method of a kind of Folium Perillae according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
In described step g, the consumption of mepiquat chloride aqueous solution is 39kg/ mu, including mepiquat chloride and the 35kg water of 4kg.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106304989A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-01-11 | 镇江市官塘生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method for perilla frutescens |
| CN105766347A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-07-20 | 陈键 | Method for planting perilla frutescens |
| CN106561217A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-19 | 施秉县富民高新农业发展有限公司 | Planting method for improving yield of perilla frutescens |
| CN106922462A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-07-07 | 陆川县君丰现代农业有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of Chinese cassia tree |
| CN107517693A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-29 | 江苏奥沃思特生物科技有限公司 | A kind of purple-perilla cultivation method |
| CN111480525B (en) * | 2020-05-24 | 2021-10-15 | 湖南省棉花科学研究所 | Perilla cultivation method and device for improving oil yield |
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| CN100551224C (en) * | 2007-01-21 | 2009-10-21 | 烟台青叶果蔬有限公司 | The purple perilla cultivation method |
| KR20070081131A (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2007-08-14 | 유연실 | The way cultivation of green perilla bud |
| JP2011072298A (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-14 | Keiichi Tanifuji | Production method by including germanium in cultivation of green perilla, chinese crude drug ginseng, and vegetable |
| CN102742412A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-10-24 | 蔡英明 | Method for balancing fertilization medication and overcoming plant continuous cropping |
| CN102577791A (en) * | 2012-02-04 | 2012-07-18 | 李长文 | Method for planting cotton by promoting underground part and controlling overground part of cotton to realize high yield of cotton |
| CN103718785A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-16 | 王宝库 | Pollution-free purple-perilla cultivation method |
| CN103348847A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-10-16 | 于华忠 | Efficient interplanting method of bletilla striata and perilla frutescens |
| CN103444408B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-10-15 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | High-yield seed reproduction method of purple perilla |
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