CN107667688A - A kind of implantation methods of loquat - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of loquat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107667688A CN107667688A CN201710745886.6A CN201710745886A CN107667688A CN 107667688 A CN107667688 A CN 107667688A CN 201710745886 A CN201710745886 A CN 201710745886A CN 107667688 A CN107667688 A CN 107667688A
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- loquat
- scion
- grafting
- implantation methods
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- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241001646826 Isodon rubescens Species 0.000 claims description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
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- 244000164480 Curcuma aromatica Species 0.000 claims 2
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001812 curcuma zedoaria berg. rosc. Substances 0.000 claims 2
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019509 white turmeric Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 244000061508 Eriobotrya japonica Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/32—Ranunculaceae [Buttercup family], e.g. hepatica, hydrastis or goldenseal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：Stock processing, scion processing, grafting, water and fertilizer management, trimming；The loquat planted according to the present invention, grafting survival rate are up to 95.1%, the grafting later stage, pass through the fertilising and management of science, so that fruit tree growth is very fast, the per mu yield of loquat is up to 4320kg/ mus after 3 years, is higher by traditional plantation group 1260kg/ mus, the loquat that the present invention plants, yield is not only increased, its quality also improves, and wherein protein content improves 0.31g/100g compared with control group, fructose content improves 5.5g/100g, and carotene carotene content improves 0.58mg/100g.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of loquat.
Background technology
Loquat, alias reed tangerine, golden ball, Lu Zhi, the rose family, Eriobotrya, loquat originates in southeast China, because of leaf shape
Shape name like Chinese lute musical instrument.
Ripe loquat is sweet and delicious, and nutrition is rich, have various fructose, glucose, potassium, phosphorus, iron, calcium and vitamin A,
B, C etc., the carotene carotene content in loquat are higher.The traditional Chinese medical science think loquat have moistening lung, cough-relieving, quench the thirst, flu-prevention, raising
The effect of body resistance against diseases.In recent years, orchard worker increases the plantation to loquat.But due to lacking management and the cultivation skill of science
Art, blindness grafting, chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals largely are applied, cause that grafting survival rate is low, loquat yield is relatively low, also create food
Safety problem, pollute ecological environment.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of implantation methods of loquat, particular by following technology
Scheme is realized.
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30-35cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filtered out
Scion freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15-20 days, every 40-60 days, every plant was applied 1.2-1.5kg base manure；Second Year
After, it is annual apply 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage be 3.0-4.0kg, and tillage and weeding is carried out when applying fertilizer every time；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 4-10cm, away from grafting part 1.0-1.3m cutting backs；Into annual bearer
Trimming, best period are to cut in the summer that carries out the 6-7 months after fruit picking, mainly wipe out and upset the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wear
Thorax branch, dense branches, slim and frahile branch, intersection branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back is carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster, more
New rejuvenation.
Further, described solution 1, including following mass parts raw material：Black ugly 32-35 parts, Mo Ju 25-28 parts, cynomorium songaricum 17-
20 parts, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16-18 parts, curcuma zedoary 10-13 parts, shaddock seed 2-3 parts, cetrimonium bromide 1-2 parts.
Further, described solution 1, including following preparation process：
1) black ugly, cynomorium songaricum mixing, crushing, the ethanol of 2-3 times of mixed-powder quality is added, soaks 3-4h at 35-40 DEG C,
Refluxing extraction at 55-60 DEG C, extract solution 1 is obtained, be evaporated under reduced pressure recovery ethanol, obtain solid 1；
2) hilllock M.-dodecandrum, curcuma zedoary mixing, the urea liquid of crushing 2 times of mixed-powder quality of addition soak 3-6h, and 30-33KHz surpasses
1-2h is extracted under acoustic frequency, filters, obtains filtrate, filtrate is concentrated into the 1/20-1/15 of original volume with 100KDa ultrafiltration through membranes, must carry
Take liquid 2；
3) Mo Ju, shaddock seed co-grinding, the clear water of 3 times of mixed-powder quality, 4-6 DEG C of placement 2h, 70-80 DEG C of backflow are added
4-5h is extracted, obtains extract solution 3；
4) solid 1, extract solution 2, extract solution 3, cetrimonium bromide mixing, 55-60 DEG C of standing 1-1.5h, add 1/3-1/5 and mix
The ethyl acetate of liquid quality is closed, layer of fetching water, water layer mixes with isometric n-butanol, -10~-5 DEG C of standing 30-35min, takes just
Butanol layer, freeze, obtain solid 2；
5) the hot water dissolving's solid 2 for adding the 60-70 times of mass of solid 2 both obtained, and wherein hot water temperature is 45-50 DEG C.
Further, described urea liquid, concentration 3-4mol/L.
Further, scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also includes being soaked in 2-3min in 60-63 DEG C of hot water.
Further, described freezing processing is that scion is placed into 10-15min in -2-0 DEG C.
Further, described film, it is material 1 will to be smeared on film, described material 1 includes following mass parts raw material：
Rabdosia rubescens 20-30 parts, peony leaves 8-12 parts, copper sulphate 3-4 parts, kaolin 10-15 parts, rice vinegar 2-3 parts.
Further, described base manure, it is by crop material 700-730 parts, pig manure 300-350 parts, great Ye Chinese parasols tree 200-230
Part, celery 10-20 parts, millet powder 7-8 part mixed fermentations form.
Further, described growth fertilizer, the raw material of following mass parts is included：Base manure 70-80 parts, Chinese medicine extract 50-60
Part, dibastic sodium phosphate 30-40 parts, urea 25-30 parts, potassium sulfate 20-25 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20-25 parts；Wherein described Chinese medicine carries
Liquid is taken, is by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, Sculellaria barbata, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:4:1:5 mixing, 70-75 DEG C of baking 30-40min, are obtained hot
Processing material, add the 2-3 times of decocting for being heat-treated material quality and boil 2-3h.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Planted according to the method for the present invention, hot-water soak, molten is passed through when scion handle
Liquid 1 soaks, freezing processing so that scion cell viability is higher, and split speed is very fast, so that grafting speed of germination adds
It hurry up；The film used during grafting applies and spreads special material 1, can effectively pre- preventing disease and pest；So that the grafting invention
Seedling survival rate is up to 95.1%.
In the grafting later stage, pass through the fertilising and management of science so that fruit tree growth is very fast, and the per mu yield of loquat is up to after 3 years
4320kg/ mus, traditional plantation group 1260kg/ mus are higher by, the loquat that the present invention plants, not only increase yield, its quality also carries
Height, wherein protein content improve 0.31g/100g compared with control group, and fructose content improves 5.5g/100g, carrotene
Content improves 0.58mg/100g.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention
Scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filtered out
Scion freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15 days, every 40 days, every plant was applied 1.2kg base manure；After Second Year, apply every year
With 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage is 3.0kg, every time fertilising when carry out tillage and weeding；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 10cm, away from grafting part 1.0m cutting backs；Trimmed into annual bearer, most
Good period is to carry out 6-7 months after fruit picking the summer to cut, and mainly wipes out and upsets the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wears thorax branch, close
Raw branch, slim and frahile branch, intersect branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back, rejuvenating are carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Described solution 1, including following mass parts raw material：Black ugly 32kg, Mo Ju 25kg, cynomorium songaricum 17kg, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16kg, cowherb
Art 10kg, shaddock seed 2kg, cetrimonium bromide 1kg.
Described solution 1, including following preparation process：
1) black ugly, cynomorium songaricum mixing, crushing, the ethanol of 2 times of mixed-powder quality is added, soaks 3h at 35 DEG C, 55 DEG C next time
Stream extraction, obtains extract solution 1, is evaporated under reduced pressure recovery ethanol, obtains solid 1；
2) hilllock M.-dodecandrum, curcuma zedoary mixing, the urea liquid immersion 3h for crushing 2 times of mixed-powder quality of addition, 30KHz supersonic frequencies
Lower extraction 1h, filtering, obtains filtrate, filtrate is concentrated into the 1/20 of original volume with 100KDa ultrafiltration through membranes, obtains extract solution 2；
3) Mo Ju, shaddock seed co-grinding, the clear water of 3 times of mixed-powder quality, 4 DEG C of placement 2h, 70 DEG C of refluxing extractions are added
4h, obtain extract solution 3；
4) solid 1, extract solution 2, extract solution 3, cetrimonium bromide mixing, 55 DEG C of standing 1h, the second of 1/3 mixed liquor quality of addition
Acetoacetic ester, layer of fetching water, water layer mix with isometric n-butanol, -10 DEG C of standing 30min, take n-butanol layer, freeze, obtain solid
2；
5) the hot water dissolving's solid 2 for adding the 60-70 times of mass of solid 2 both obtained, and wherein hot water temperature is 45 DEG C.
Described urea liquid, concentration 3-4mol/L.
Scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also to be included being soaked in 2-3min in 60 DEG C of hot water.
Described freezing processing, it is that scion is placed into 10min in -2 DEG C.
Described film, material 1 will be smeared on film before parcel, described material 1 includes following mass parts raw material：Winter
Insult careless 20kg, peony leaves 8kg, copper sulphate 3kg, kaolin 10kg, rice vinegar 2kg.
Described base manure, it is by crop material 700kg, pig manure 300kg, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200kg, celery 10kg, millet powder
7kg mixed fermentations form.
Described growth fertilizer, include the raw material of following mass parts：Base manure 70kg, Chinese medicine extract 50kg, dibastic sodium phosphate
30kg, urea 25kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20kg；Wherein described Chinese medicine extract, be by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, half
Lotus, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:4:1:5 mixing, 70 DEG C of baking 30min, must be heat-treated material, add the water of 2 times of heat treatment material quality
Decoct 2h.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filtered out
Scion freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15 days, every 40 days, every plant was applied 1.2kg base manure；After Second Year, apply every year
With 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage is 3.0kg, every time fertilising when carry out tillage and weeding；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 10cm, away from grafting part 1.0m cutting backs；Trimmed into annual bearer, most
Good period is to carry out 6-7 months after fruit picking the summer to cut, and mainly wipes out and upsets the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wears thorax branch, close
Raw branch, slim and frahile branch, intersect branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back, rejuvenating are carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Described solution 1, including following mass parts raw material：Black ugly 32kg, Mo Ju 25kg, cynomorium songaricum 17kg, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16kg, cowherb
Art 10kg, shaddock seed 2kg, cetrimonium bromide 1kg.
Described solution 1, including following preparation process：
1) black ugly, cynomorium songaricum mixing, crushing, the ethanol of 2 times of mixed-powder quality is added, soaks 3h at 35 DEG C, 55 DEG C next time
Stream extraction, obtains extract solution 1, is evaporated under reduced pressure recovery ethanol, obtains solid 1；
2) hilllock M.-dodecandrum, curcuma zedoary mixing, the urea liquid immersion 3h for crushing 2 times of mixed-powder quality of addition, 30KHz supersonic frequencies
Lower extraction 1h, filtering, obtains filtrate, filtrate is concentrated into the 1/20 of original volume with 100KDa ultrafiltration through membranes, obtains extract solution 2；
3) Mo Ju, shaddock seed co-grinding, the clear water of 3 times of mixed-powder quality, 4 DEG C of placement 2h, 70 DEG C of refluxing extractions are added
4h, obtain extract solution 3；
4) solid 1, extract solution 2, extract solution 3, cetrimonium bromide mixing, 55 DEG C of standing 1h, the second of 1/3 mixed liquor quality of addition
Acetoacetic ester, layer of fetching water, water layer mix with isometric n-butanol, -10 DEG C of standing 30min, take n-butanol layer, freeze, obtain solid
2；
5) the hot water dissolving's solid 2 for adding the 60-70 times of mass of solid 2 both obtained, and wherein hot water temperature is 45 DEG C.
Described urea liquid, concentration 3-4mol/L.
Scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also to be included being soaked in 2-3min in 60 DEG C of hot water.
Described freezing processing, it is that scion is placed into 10min in -2 DEG C.
Described base manure, it is by crop material 700kg, pig manure 300kg, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200kg, celery 10kg, millet powder
7kg mixed fermentations form.
Described growth fertilizer, include the raw material of following mass parts：Base manure 70kg, Chinese medicine extract 50kg, dibastic sodium phosphate
30kg, urea 25kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20kg；Wherein described Chinese medicine extract, be by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, half
Lotus, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:4:1:5 mixing, 70 DEG C of baking 30min, must be heat-treated material, add the water of 2 times of heat treatment material quality
Decoct 2h.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filtered out
Scion freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15 days, every 40 days, every plant was applied 1.2kg base manure；After Second Year, apply every year
With 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage is 3.0kg, every time fertilising when carry out tillage and weeding；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 10cm, away from grafting part 1.0m cutting backs；Trimmed into annual bearer, most
Good period is to carry out 6-7 months after fruit picking the summer to cut, and mainly wipes out and upsets the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wears thorax branch, close
Raw branch, slim and frahile branch, intersect branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back, rejuvenating are carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Described solution 1, including following mass parts raw material：Black ugly 32kg, Mo Ju 25kg, cynomorium songaricum 17kg, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16kg, cowherb
Art 10kg, shaddock seed 2kg, cetrimonium bromide 1kg.
Described solution 1, including following preparation process：
1) black ugly, cynomorium songaricum mixing, crushing, the ethanol of 2 times of mixed-powder quality is added, soaks 3h at 35 DEG C, 55 DEG C next time
Stream extraction, obtains extract solution 1, is evaporated under reduced pressure recovery ethanol, obtains solid 1；
2) hilllock M.-dodecandrum, curcuma zedoary mixing, the urea liquid immersion 3h for crushing 2 times of mixed-powder quality of addition, 30KHz supersonic frequencies
Lower extraction 1h, filtering, obtains filtrate, filtrate is concentrated into the 1/20 of original volume with 100KDa ultrafiltration through membranes, obtains extract solution 2；
3) Mo Ju, shaddock seed co-grinding, the clear water of 3 times of mixed-powder quality, 4 DEG C of placement 2h, 70 DEG C of refluxing extractions are added
4h, obtain extract solution 3；
4) solid 1, extract solution 2, extract solution 3, cetrimonium bromide mixing, 55 DEG C of standing 1h, the second of 1/3 mixed liquor quality of addition
Acetoacetic ester, layer of fetching water, water layer mix with isometric n-butanol, -10 DEG C of standing 30min, take n-butanol layer, freeze, obtain solid
2；
5) the hot water dissolving's solid 2 for adding the 60-70 times of mass of solid 2 both obtained, and wherein hot water temperature is 45 DEG C.
Described urea liquid, concentration 3-4mol/L.
Scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also to be included being soaked in 2-3min in 60 DEG C of hot water.
Described freezing processing, it is that scion is placed into 10min in -2 DEG C.
Described film, material 1 will be smeared on film before parcel, described material 1 includes following mass parts raw material：Winter
Insult careless 20kg, peony leaves 8kg, copper sulphate 3kg, kaolin 10kg, rice vinegar 2kg.
Described base manure, it is by crop material 700kg, pig manure 300kg, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200kg, celery 10kg, millet powder
7kg mixed fermentations form.
Described growth fertilizer, include the raw material of following mass parts：Base manure 70kg, dibastic sodium phosphate 30kg, urea 25kg, sulfuric acid
Potassium 20kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20kg.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filtered out
Scion freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15 days, every 40 days, every plant was applied 1.2kg base manure；After Second Year, apply every year
With 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage is 3.0kg, every time fertilising when carry out tillage and weeding；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 10cm, away from grafting part 1.0m cutting backs；Trimmed into annual bearer, most
Good period is to carry out 6-7 months after fruit picking the summer to cut, and mainly wipes out and upsets the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wears thorax branch, close
Raw branch, slim and frahile branch, intersect branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back, rejuvenating are carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Described solution 1, it is by black ugly 32kg, Mo Ju 25kg, cynomorium songaricum 17kg, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16kg, curcuma zedoary 10kg, shaddock seed 2kg
Mix, crush, the clear water for adding 3-4 times of mixture quality decocts 5h, filtering, and filtrate mixes with cetrimonium bromide, obtains mixed liquor, adds
Enter the water of 70 times of mixeding liquid volumes, both obtain 1.
Scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also to be included being soaked in 2-3min in 60 DEG C of hot water.
Described freezing processing, it is that scion is placed into 10min in -2 DEG C.
Described film, material 1 will be smeared on film before parcel, described material 1 includes following mass parts raw material：Winter
Insult careless 20kg, peony leaves 8kg, copper sulphate 3kg, kaolin 10kg, rice vinegar 2kg.
Described base manure, it is by crop material 700kg, pig manure 300kg, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200kg, celery 10kg, millet powder
7kg mixed fermentations form.
Described growth fertilizer, include the raw material of following mass parts：Base manure 70kg, Chinese medicine extract 50kg, dibastic sodium phosphate
30kg, urea 25kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20kg；Wherein described Chinese medicine extract, be by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, half
Lotus, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:4:1:5 mixing, 70 DEG C of baking 30min, must be heat-treated material, add the water of 2 times of heat treatment material quality
Decoct 2h.
Embodiment 5
A kind of implantation methods of loquat, comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected as stock, all branches is amputated and leaves trunk, trunk away from
Ground 30cm；
2) scion is handled：2-3 is selected to give birth to Loquat as scion；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15 days, every 40 days, every plant was applied 1.2kg base manure；After Second Year, apply every year
With 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage is 3.0kg, every time fertilising when carry out tillage and weeding；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 10cm, away from grafting part 1.0m cutting backs；Trimmed into annual bearer, most
Good period is to carry out 6-7 months after fruit picking the summer to cut, and mainly wipes out and upsets the normal tree-like strong prosperous branch of excessive growth, wears thorax branch, close
Raw branch, slim and frahile branch, intersect branch, descending branch, disease pest deadwood, while retraction cutting back, rejuvenating are carried out to debilitating fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
Described solution 1, including following mass parts raw material：Black ugly 32kg, Mo Ju 25kg, cynomorium songaricum 17kg, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16kg, cowherb
Art 10kg, shaddock seed 2kg, cetrimonium bromide 1kg.
Described base manure, it is by crop material 700kg, pig manure 300kg, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200kg, celery 10kg, millet powder
7kg mixed fermentations form.
Described growth fertilizer, include the raw material of following mass parts：Base manure 70kg, Chinese medicine extract 50kg, dibastic sodium phosphate
30kg, urea 25kg, potassium sulfate 20kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20kg；Wherein described Chinese medicine extract, be by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, half
Lotus, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:4:1:5 mixing, 70 DEG C of baking 30min, must be heat-treated material, add the water of 2 times of heat treatment material quality
Decoct 2h.
Experimental example
1st, loquat situation counts
Selecting 6 mu of soils, wherein 5 mu of methods according to embodiment 1-5 are planted, the 6th mu according to Shen as planting site
Please the plantation of number traditional method as a control group, wherein plantation was carried out in spring, count the grafting survival in 6 mu of planting sites
The yield of loquat after rate, grafting speed of germination, plantation 3 years, statistical result is as shown in table 1.
As shown in Table 1, embodiment 1 is planted according to the method for the present invention, when scion is handled by hot-water soak, solution 1
Immersion, freezing processing so that scion cell viability is higher, and split speed is very fast, so that grafting speed of germination is accelerated；Transfer
The film used when connecing applies and spreads special material 1, can effectively pre- preventing disease and pest；So that the grafting of invention is survived
Rate is up to 95.1%.
In the grafting later stage, pass through the fertilising and management of science so that fruit tree growth is very fast, and the per mu yield of loquat is up to after 3 years
4320kg/ mus, it is higher by traditional plantation group 1260kg/ mus.
Compared with Example 1, embodiment 2 does not smear material 1 for wrapping up the film of scion；The growth fertilizer of embodiment 3
In there is no Chinese medicine extract；Solution 1 used in embodiment 4 extracts relatively simple, implantation methods and the conventional method phase of embodiment 5
When due to the difference of implantation methods, so as to cause yield and survival rate relatively low.
The planting loquat statistical result of table 1
2nd, loquat active component detection
To embodiment 1 and the loquat progress active component detection of control group plantation, each composition contains in every 100g loquats
Amount is as shown in table 2.
The loquat beneficiating ingredient testing result of table 2
| Experimental group | Protein g/100g | Fructose g/100g | Carrotene mg/100g |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.76 | 18.2 | 1.72 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.67 | 16.4 | 1.68 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.70 | 15.9 | 1.56 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.50 | 13.1 | 1.23 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.51 | 12.2 | 1.07 |
| Control group | 0.45 | 12.7 | 1.14 |
As shown in Table 2, the loquat that the present invention plants, not only increases yield, its quality also improves, wherein protein content
0.31g/100g is improved compared with control group, fructose content improves 5.5g/100g, and carotene carotene content improves 0.58mg/
100g。
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of loquat, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) stock is handled：The tomentose machilus leaf or root tree of 3-4 lifes is selected to amputate all branches as stock and leave trunk, trunk is away from ground
30-35cm；
2) scion is handled：Select 2-3 to give birth to Loquat as scion, scion is soaked in solution 1 before grafting, filters out scion
Freezing processing, dry；
3) grafting：The scion of processing is grafted onto on stock and wrapped up with film；
4) water and fertilizer management：
Fertilising：First Year, after grafting after 15-20 days, every 40-60 days, every plant was applied 1.2-1.5kg base manure；After Second Year,
It is annual apply 4 it is secondary flesh up, every plant of dosage be 3.0-4.0kg, and tillage and weeding is carried out when applying fertilizer every time；
Irrigate：Watered weekly once after grafting；
5) trim：After grafting, after scion bud grows to 4-10cm, away from grafting part 1.0-1.3m cutting backs.
2. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described solution 1, including following mass parts are former
Material：Black ugly 32-35 parts, Mo Ju 25-28 parts, cynomorium songaricum 17-20 parts, hilllock M.-dodecandrum 16-18 parts, curcuma zedoary 10-13 parts, shaddock seed 2-3 parts, west are bent
Bromine ammonium 1-2 parts.
3. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described solution 1, including following prepare walk
Suddenly：
1) black ugly, cynomorium songaricum mixing, crushing, the ethanol of 2-3 times of mixed-powder quality is added, soaks 3-4h, 55-60 at 35-40 DEG C
Refluxing extraction at DEG C, extract solution 1 is obtained, be evaporated under reduced pressure recovery ethanol, obtain solid 1；
2) hilllock M.-dodecandrum, curcuma zedoary mixing, the urea liquid immersion 3-6h for crushing 2 times of mixed-powder quality of addition, 30-33KHz supersonic frequencies
1-2h is extracted under rate, filters, obtains filtrate, filtrate is concentrated into the 1/20-1/15 of original volume with 100KDa ultrafiltration through membranes, obtains extract solution
2；
3) Mo Ju, shaddock seed co-grinding, the clear water of 3 times of mixed-powder quality, 4-6 DEG C of placement 2h, 70-80 DEG C of refluxing extraction are added
4-5h, obtain extract solution 3；
4) solid 1, extract solution 2, extract solution 3, cetrimonium bromide are mixed, and 1-1.5h is stood at 55-60 DEG C, add 1/3-1/5 mixing
The ethyl acetate of liquid quality, layer of fetching water, water layer mix with isometric n-butanol, -10~-5 DEG C of standing 30-35min, take positive fourth
Alcohol layer, freeze, obtain solid 2；
5) the hot water dissolving's solid 2 for adding the 60-70 times of mass of solid 2 both obtained, and wherein hot water temperature is 45-50 DEG C.
4. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described urea liquid, concentration 3-4mol/
L。
5. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that scion, which is soaked in before solution 1, also includes immersion
The 2-3min in 60-63 DEG C of hot water.
6. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described freezing processing is to place scion
10-15min is placed in -2-0 DEG C.
7. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described film, be by smear on film
Material 1, described material 1 includes following mass parts raw material：Rabdosia rubescens 20-30 parts, peony leaves 8-12 parts, copper sulphate 3-4 parts, kaolinite
Native 10-15 parts, rice vinegar 2-3 parts.
8. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described base manure, be by crop material 700-
730 parts, pig manure 300-350 parts, great Ye Chinese parasol tree 200-230 parts, celery 10-20 parts, millet powder 7-8 part mixed fermentations forms.
9. the implantation methods of loquat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described growth fertilizer, including following mass parts
Raw material：Base manure 70-80 parts, Chinese medicine extract 50-60 parts, dibastic sodium phosphate 30-40 parts, urea 25-30 parts, potassium sulfate 20-25
Part, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20-25 parts；Wherein described Chinese medicine extract, it is by sophora flower, the stem of noble dendrobium, Sculellaria barbata, Semen Cuscutae in mass ratio 3:
4:1:5 mixing, 70-75 DEG C of baking 30-40min, must be heat-treated material, add the 2-3 times of decocting for being heat-treated material quality and boil 2-3h.
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| CN109121776A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-04 | 普定县朵朵贝贝种植专业合作社 | A kind of method for planting loquat |
| CN112930902A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 苏州蓝润农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of blueberries by using micro-freezing technology |
| CN113875527A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Planting method for reducing occurrence of diseases of preserved szechuan pickle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109121776A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-04 | 普定县朵朵贝贝种植专业合作社 | A kind of method for planting loquat |
| CN112930902A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-11 | 苏州蓝润农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of blueberries by using micro-freezing technology |
| CN112930902B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-05-06 | 苏州蓝润农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving grafting survival rate of blueberries by using micro-freezing technology |
| CN113875527A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Planting method for reducing occurrence of diseases of preserved szechuan pickle |
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Application publication date: 20180209 Assignee: Guangxi Zhengdao Tea Industry Co.,Ltd. Kowloon Branch Assignor: Lingyun County Fucheng Farmer Professional Cooperative Contract record no.: X2023980047202 Denomination of invention: A planting method for loquat Granted publication date: 20200218 License type: Common License Record date: 20231115 Application publication date: 20180209 Assignee: Longjing Branch of Zhengdao Tea Business Department, Youjiang District, Baise City Assignor: Lingyun County Fucheng Farmer Professional Cooperative Contract record no.: X2023980047066 Denomination of invention: A planting method for loquat Granted publication date: 20200218 License type: Common License Record date: 20231115 Application publication date: 20180209 Assignee: Yicuimen Tea House in Lingyun County Assignor: Lingyun County Fucheng Farmer Professional Cooperative Contract record no.: X2023980047065 Denomination of invention: A planting method for loquat Granted publication date: 20200218 License type: Common License Record date: 20231115 |