CN103385110B - Raising method for blumea balsamifera seedlings - Google Patents
Raising method for blumea balsamifera seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385110B CN103385110B CN201310365116.0A CN201310365116A CN103385110B CN 103385110 B CN103385110 B CN 103385110B CN 201310365116 A CN201310365116 A CN 201310365116A CN 103385110 B CN103385110 B CN 103385110B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a raising method for blumea balsamifera seedlings. The raising method comprises the following steps: selecting seed collecting stock plants; spraying mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and gibberellin to the seed collecting stock plants at the bud period; collecting seeds for later use after the seeds become mature; preparing land, sterilizing and preparing seed beds; heating a seedling raising substrate at the temperature of 180-200 DEG C for 20-40 minutes and laying the seedling raising substrate in the seed beds; soaking the seeds by using gibberellin missible oil with weight percentage concentration of 4 percent at an amount which is 600 times the amount of the seeds for 24 hours at the day before sowing; sowing by using a water blending method; laying a thin film shed outside the seed beds after sowing; transferring seedlings into nutrition bags to culture until the seedlings grow to 15-20 cm after the seedlings emerge; and out-planting the seedlings after expansion of 7-8 true leaves. According to the raising method, the maturity of the seeds can be improved, the germination rate is enhanced, the seedling raising substrate has no weeds, insects or disease sources, the seeds are sown evenly and can be effectively prevented from being washed away by rain, the seedlings are effectively prevented from being turned over by rain, and light, temperature, water and heat conditions are provided for seed germination and seedling growth, so that the emergence rate is high, and the seedling growth is quick.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, especially a kind of Blumea balsamifera seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds.
Background technology
Blumea balsamifera belongs to composite family (Asteriaceae), and Blumea balsamifera belongs to the perennial wooden herbaceous plant of Blumea balsamifera (ainaxiang) in (Blumea).Another name: borneol leaf, borneol Chinese mugwort, native borneol, wormwood, mountain great Ai, Balsamiferou Blumea Herb, the ears of an ox or cow Chinese mugwort, wind Chinese mugwort, Ramulus Et Folium Adhatodae Vasicae, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, true careless, the Ye Xiaxiang of gold again.Main product is in China and Southeast Asian countries.In China, be distributed in north latitude 21
o30 '～25
o50 ', east longitude 97
o30 '～121
o55 ' the provinces and regions such as Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian, Hainan and Taiwan, vertical distribution below 1000m, artificial cultivation mainly below 800m, the existing century-old cultivation history in Guizhou.Blumea balsamifera cauline leaf, containing volatile oil such as glycosides displayed, fragrant three essences, amino acid, organic acid and L. borneol, 1.8. Cineole, sesquiterpene alcoholses, is the important source material of extracting Chinese mugwort powder, producing borneol.That Blumea balsamifera has is antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, detumescence, pain relieving, the effect such as antipruritic, pleasant, can control the diseases such as burn, scald, skin injury, anemofrigid cold, a wind headache, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, cold-damp diarrhea dysentery, civilian sting, injuries from falls as well, tinea sore.Blumea balsamifera seed is minimum, ripe low under field conditions (factors), possesses hardly germinating capacity, and source of seedling is mainly division propagation, and apogamic seedling does not have main root, and root system buries shallow, and not drought-resistant, plant is short and small, and leaf yield is low, grows seedlings on a large scale and limit by propagating materials.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of Blumea balsamifera seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds is provided, its solves, and seed that Blumea balsamifera grows directly from seeds in growing seedlings is not emerged or emergence rate is extremely low, with pappus sowing difficulty, and broadcast inhomogeneous, after planting minimum the broadcasting of grain, water and the rainy seed that easily washes away, seedling is turned in punching, difficult minute of Seedling Stage seedling grass, the difficult problem such as easily damaged seedling during uprooting weed.
The present invention is achieved in that the Blumea balsamifera seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, and chooses seed collecting maternal plant, at the bud stage of seed collecting maternal plant, it is sprayed to the mixed solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin; After seed maturity, gather standby; Sterilize wholely, and make seedbed; Seedling medium is heated after 20～40 minutes and spread in seedbed at 180～200 ℃; One day 600 times of immersion kind of gibberellin emulsion that are 4% with mass percent concentration are 24 hours prior to seeding; Adopt the mixed method of water to sow; After planting, film laying shed on seedbed; After emerging, seedling is moved in nutritious bag and cultivated, be cultured to height of seedling and reach 15～20cm, launch, after 7～8 true leaves, to get final product transplanting.
Described potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of gibberellin refer to, comprises mass percent concentration and be 800 times of liquid of the gibberellin emulsion of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 4%; Flower fringe is sprayed, every 7 days once, connect and spray 2～3 times.
Described seedling medium is mold, river sand and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and the mass ratio of pressing 5:3:2 between them is formulated.
The mixed method of described water is sowed and is referred to, by seed, is that 1:1000 evenly mixes with water according to mass ratio, keeps stirring being with seed-bearing water to sprinkle and water on seedbed equably, then paving, spills the seedling medium lid kind of the thick 0.3～0.5cm of being.
Nutrition Soil in described nutritious bag, by yellow soil, sawdust and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, by the mass ratio preparation of 6:3:1, and is fully mixed thoroughly.
After planting, adopt to fill with to soak and water water law, open between the lights irrigation canals and ditches, water is poured in the ditch of seedbed, 2 ∕ 3 that the degree of depth is ditch depth, then cut off the water supply, and allow the water in ditch naturally be impregnated into seedling bed, improve the native humidity of bed.
In Guizhou Province's subtropical crop research Wangmo County science and technology demonstration, on May 13rd, 2013, adopt the scheme of prior art (with the physical maturity seed of normal growth plant, mass ratio and ash with 1 ︰ 100 are mixed thoroughly, broadcast sowing on seedling bed, 1.5 grams of every 1 square metre of sowings, after broadcasting, set up cool canopy, water and keep ground moistening) be provided with respectively two kinds of Processing Test with the solution of the present invention, on June 16th, 2013, investigation was found, adopt every 1 square metre of 4.5 strain of on average emerging of prior art, adopt every 1 square metre of 246.1 strain of on average emerging of technology of the present invention, effect is very remarkable.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention sprays potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the seed collecting maternal plant thunder phase and adds gibberellin (GA3), improves kernel maturing, strengthens germination rate; Seedling medium is not with grass, worm, pathogeny through high temperature frying; Gibberellin (GA3) seed soaking breaking dormancy; The mixed method of water is sowed seeds evenly; The filling method of the soaking water that waters does not directly contact with seed seedling, can not injure because watering seedling; Cool canopy is divided into the little shed of plastic film can effectively prevent the rainy seed that washes away, and seedling is turned in punching, and for seed germination, growth of seedling provide light, temperature, water, heat condition, so percentage of seedgermination is high, growth of seedling is fast simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: the Blumea balsamifera seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds,
1) select seed collecting maternal plant: selection kind is pure, robust growth, does seed collecting maternal plant without the annual plant of damage by disease and insect; Selected maternal plant adds in the winter time can not adopt a picking leaves man-hour, after the existing bud of late March in the coming year, with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, adds 4% gibberellin (GA
3) 800 times of liquid spraying decoration fringes of missible oil, every 7 days once, connect and spray 2～3 times, improve quality and the kernel maturing of flower;
2) seed collection: blooming loose kind mid-April, blooms in the morning 9～11 o'clock, and an afternoon 4～5 o'clock seed comes off and flies away with the wind from floral disc, and every afternoon 3～4 o'clock, entangle Hua Sui with woven bag, shake spray, and seed is fallen in bag; The seed of adopting is transported back indoor, and the bamboo at calm place with aperture 1～2mm screens out impurity, reinstalls woven bag, and tightening sack, to hang over back room ventilation place airing standby;
3) sterilize wholely: plough deeply 25～30cm wholely, weed a garden, stone riprap and root stubble, break up the clods, quicklime 750kg for per hectare, worm spirit 45kg be spread on soil table, then with rotovator, plough and sneak in soil, carry out the processing of soil disinfection desinsection;
4) seedbed makes: the wide 100cm of bed surface, long determine the height of bed 15～20cm, furrow width 50cm because of physical features, leveling bed surface after trench digging, upper berth seedling medium, matrix is formulated by the mass ratio of 5:3:2 by mold, river sand, the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and puts into iron pan and add big fire and fry 30 minutes high temperature herbicides, worm, germs and process after preparing, matrix is after treatment layered on the face of seedbed, thick 5～6cm, and with long 100cm, the batten of wide 6cm strikes off bed surface;
5) sowing: a day with 4% gibberellin (GA prior to seeding
3) 600 times of immersion kinds of missible oil 24 hours, just seed soaking is kept afloat, to often stir, at the bottom of allowing seed imbibition sink to liquid, pull the impurity that floats on the surface out, during sowing, adding water is 1:1000 to the mass ratio of seed and water, then ceaselessly stir, seed is mixed in water, stirring limit, limit will be with seed-bearing water sprinkle and water on seedbed equably, cover the thick 0.3～0.5cm of seedling medium spreading; After planting get long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 50cm a slice, curves arch across two, insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, covers plastic film, film surrounding soil compaction; While preventing to rain, rainwater impacts seed, injures seedling, is incubated to control and wets;
6) set up cool canopy: be after planting anti-direct sunlight film shed, the excess Temperature seedling of burning is set up cool canopy, the shading screen of the high 1.8～2.0m upper cover of cool canopy obscurity 80% on shed again in shed, surrounding is enclosed tight sturdy with shading screen, also the thing such as available Chinese fir twig, straw screen or mat is made shade material;
7) transplant seedlings before management: after planting, about 10 days, seed starts germination and emergence, should open in time the film at shed two, aeration-cooling wet down, prevention seedling excessive growth and introduced disease, and often observe seedbed seedling medium humidity, find lack of water, opening at dusk irrigation canals and ditches pours water in the ditch of seedbed, the degree of depth is 2 ∕ 3 of ditch depth, then cuts off the water supply, and allows the water in ditch naturally be impregnated into seedling bed, improve the native humidity of bed, the upper bag of can transplanting seedlings when seedling is put on display 3～4 true leaves;
8) join soil pack, Nutrition Soil is prepared by the mass ratio of 6:3:1 by yellow soil, sawdust and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, yellow soil and sawdust and cake fertilizer will fully be mixed thoroughly, nutritious bag specification 10 * 10cm, with filling native tool, Nutrition Soil is packed in bag, fill flat sack, and be neatly emitted on seedling bed by 10 bags of every rows, surrounding has been enclosed compacting with earth;
9) transplant seedlings upper bag: by emerging successively, seedling size is carried out in batches, first with wide 2cm, long 20～25cm bamboo let, carefully the full root of seedling is dug out, be positioned in basin (dish) and build moisturizing with wet towel, then at preprepared nutritious bag center, with bamboo let, beat dark 5cm, the hole of diameter 2cm, puts into hole by seedlings root, and root system is unfolded, soil pressure is real, irrigate normal root water.During transplanting, should can not put for a long time with getting with planting, accomplish not hinder root as far as possible or hinder less root;
10) bag seedling management: a little less than newly transplanting seedlings root, children is tender for tissue, and resistance against disadvantage is poor, the work of strengthening management, get long 200cm, the bamboo chip of wide 3cm, interval 70～80cm a slice, curve arch across two, insertion seedbed, bed surface two ends, cover 70% sunshade net and shade, the seedling of burning anti-day; Insect has chafer, 1000 times of liquid of available dichlorvos or flolimat, and every spray in 7～1O days 1 time, disease has anthracnose, root rot, with 80% carbendazim or 1000～1200 times of liquid of 70% topsin, alternately sprays anti-; Weeding: weeds and Miao Zhengfei and strive spacial influence growth of seedling, easily cause damage by disease and insect, need duty to cut weeds.Rich water quality management: seedlings root is few, a little less than absorbing capacity, amount of growth is larger, needs nutritive element more, duty to execute the thin seedling fertilizer of executing, while watering, add composite fertilizer at every turn, be mixed with 1% solution and water and execute, 5～7 days once, often keeps bag soil temperature profit, when height of seedling reaches 15～20cm, launch 7～8 true leaves and get final product transplanting.
Claims (6)
1. the Blumea balsamifera seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, is characterized in that: choose seed collecting maternal plant, at the bud stage of seed collecting maternal plant, it is sprayed to the mixed solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin; After seed maturity, gather standby; Sterilize wholely, and make seedbed; Seedling medium is heated after 20～40 minutes and spread in seedbed at 180～200 ℃; One day 600 times of immersion kind of gibberellin emulsion that are 4% with mass percent concentration are 24 hours prior to seeding; Adopt the mixed method of water to sow; After planting, film laying shed on seedbed; After emerging, seedling is moved in nutritious bag and cultivated, be cultured to height of seedling and reach 15～20cm, launch, after 7～8 true leaves, to get final product transplanting.
2. the Blumea balsamifera according to claim 1 seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, it is characterized in that: described potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of gibberellin refer to, the mixed solution of 800 times of liquid of gibberellin emulsion that the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that mass percent is 0.3% and mass percent are 4%; Flower fringe is sprayed, every 7 days once, connect and spray 2～3 times.
3. the Blumea balsamifera according to claim 1 seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, is characterized in that: described seedling medium is mold, river sand and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and the mass ratio of pressing 5:3:2 between them is formulated.
4. the Blumea balsamifera according to claim 1 seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, it is characterized in that: the mixed method of described water is sowed and referred to, by seed, according to mass ratio, be that 1:1000 evenly mixes with water, keep stirring and will be with seed-bearing water to sprinkle and water on seedbed equably, then paving, spill the seedling medium lid kind of the thick 0.3～0.5cm of being.
5. the Blumea balsamifera according to claim 1 seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, is characterized in that: the Nutrition Soil in described nutritious bag, by yellow soil, sawdust and the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, by the mass ratio preparation of 6:3:1, and is fully mixed thoroughly.
6. the Blumea balsamifera according to claim 1 seedling-cultivating method that grows directly from seeds, is characterized in that: after planting, adopt to fill with to soak and water water law, open between the lights irrigation canals and ditches, water is poured in the ditch of seedbed, 2 ∕ 3 that the degree of depth is ditch depth, then cut off the water supply, allow the water in ditch naturally be impregnated into seedling bed, improve the native humidity of bed.
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| CN103688856B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-05-18 | 广西桂西制药有限公司 | A kind of method for quickly breeding of blumea riparia medicinal material |
| CN104704986A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-17 | 贵州大学 | Blumea balsamifera harvesting and rough processing method |
| CN111802197B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-07 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating sweet potato seedling seeds based on seedling growing cylinder |
| CN112292960B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-12-21 | 广东省中药研究所 | Method for improving germination rate of blumea balsamifera seeds |
| CN115067158A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 广东省中药研究所 | Cultivation method of blumea balsamifera |
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| CN101040602A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2007-09-26 | 广西桂西制药有限公司 | Quick propagating method of blumea riparia(Bl.)DC medicine material |
| CN102550421B (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-04-24 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Fast breeding and cultivating method of Blumea aromatica seedlings |
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