CN102550421B - Fast breeding and cultivating method of Blumea aromatica seedlings - Google Patents
Fast breeding and cultivating method of Blumea aromatica seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550421B CN102550421B CN2012100515390A CN201210051539A CN102550421B CN 102550421 B CN102550421 B CN 102550421B CN 2012100515390 A CN2012100515390 A CN 2012100515390A CN 201210051539 A CN201210051539 A CN 201210051539A CN 102550421 B CN102550421 B CN 102550421B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fast breeding and cultivating method of Blumea aromatica seedlings, which is implemented by inducing cluster buds using Blumea aromatica stem segments with axillary buds as explants, and provides a complete set of fast breeding and cultivating method of Blumea aromatica seedlings. The method comprises the technical links of explant sterilization, first generation induction, second generation propagation, root generation and transplantation. The method can produce a large number of Blumea aromatica seedlings within a short time period and provide medicinal materials with high volatile oil effective component content. The method increases the breeding speed of Blumea aromatica seedlings, shortens the breeding cycle, reduces the cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The artificial cultivation technique is complete and the cultivation process is simple and reliable, so that the effective component content of the medicinal material is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling fast breeding and cultivation method.
Background technology
Fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera (
Blumea aromaticaDC.), be the composite family herbaceos perennial, have another name called mountain breeze, fragrant Chinese mugwort, Herba Blumeae Aromaticae.All herbal medicine, flavor is hot, little hardship, and is warm in nature, and gas is fragrant.The detumescence of dispeling the wind, the itching-relieving efficacies of invigorating blood circulation is used for curing mainly the diseases such as rheumatic arthralgia, eczema, pruitus, external hemorrhage, is the primary raw material medicine of national Chinese medicine protection kind " Huatuo's wind pain is precious ".Fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera medicinal material only relies on the collection wild resource at present, and along with the continuous increase of people's medication, pharmaceutical manufacturer gathers in a large number to limited wild resource, has caused resource seriously deficient, causes to be forced to use the substitute Blumea balsamifera that curative effect differs greatly.Therefore, in the urgent need to carrying out as early as possible fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling breeding and the cultivation daily medication and industrial bulk drug demand to satisfy people.Fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera relies on seminal propagation under nature, but percentage of seedgermination is extremely low, and less than 0.1%, and seed is difficult to run in communication process and can satisfies the environmental condition that its germination is taken root.Understand medicinal material collecting shop (station) and pharmacy corporation through By consulting literatures and dark the visit, the research of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling breeding and cultivation aspect is not yet arranged at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to protect the wild resource with sustainable use fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera medicinal material; ensure again simultaneously the medication demand that pharmaceutical manufacturer produces; we have carried out system research to fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling Fast-propagation and cultivation; comprise explant sterilization, just generation induce, the sport technique segments such as shoot proliferation, rooting and transplant; can produce at short notice a large amount of seedlings, and cultivate the high medicinal material of volatile oil active constituent content.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
As the explant induction Multiple Buds, the optimum medium of inducing clumping bud is MS(Murashige and skoog (1962) medium with the stem segment with axillary bud of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera in the present invention, lower with)+2.0 mgL
-1The 6-BA(6-benzyl purine, lower same)+0.2 mgL
-1The NAA(methyl α-naphthyl acetate, lower same), inductivity is 100%; Best shoot proliferation medium is MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.5mgL
-1The KT(kinetin, lower same)+0.2 mgL
-1NAA, the propagation multiple is 6.83/20d; The suitableeest root media is 1/2MS+0.3 mgL
-1NAA, rooting rate 100%, transplanting survival rate 84.07%.
Optimal culture conditions is that 26 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination are 2000Lx, light application time 10h.
Cultivation method:
Comprise that planting density is 40 * 40cm, the plantation Best Times 2-3 month; Carry out selection of land and whole ground before the plantation, the cultivation management such as carry out irrigation and drainage, fertilising, the extermination of disease and insect pest after the plantation, gather.
Use base manure barnyard manure, compost, ash and mix fertile 0.5kg～1kg or application in two dressings urea during basal dressing not.
Fill with root with 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim and prevent and treat root rot, spray with 1500 times of 1000 times of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrates or 35% hot neat missible oil and prevent and treat Spodoptera litura larvae.
Collecting time is to enter October before the florescence, and collecting method is for staying acrial part 2cm to remain the rudiment of Second Year rhizome base portion.
Advantage of the present invention or good effect:
A whole set of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling Fast-propagation provided by the invention and cultivation method can be produced at short notice a large amount of seedlings, and produce the high medicinal material of volatile oil active constituent content.The reproduction speed piece of seedling, the cycle is short, and is with low cost, is applicable to batch production production.Artificial cultivation technique is complete, and cultivation step is easy to be reliable, guarantees the active constituent content of medicinal material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inducing clumping bud situation map.
Fig. 2 is the adventitious buds proliferation situation.
Fig. 3 cultivates situation for group training seedling rooting.
Fig. 4 is group training seedling rooting situation.
Fig. 5 is group training transplantation of seedlings situation.
Fig. 6 is the fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera growing state after the weeding in April.
Fig. 7 is mountain breeze growing state in July.
Fig. 8 is mountain breeze growing state in October.
Fig. 9 is perennial root rudiment in spring situation.
Embodiment
(1) seedling fast breeding method
The configuration prescription is MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.2 mgL
-1The medium 1L of NAA
1. measure MS minimal medium mother liquor with pipette:
(1) macroelement 50ml wherein contains potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1900mg, ammonium nitrate (NH
4NO
3) 1650mg, bitter salt (MgSO
4.7H
2O) 370mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2PO
4) 170mg, anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl
2) 332.24mg;
(2) micro-5ml wherein contains four hydrated manganese sulfate (MnSO
4.4H
2O) 22.3mg, Zinc vitriol (ZnSO
4.7H
2O) 8.6mg, boric acid (H
3BO
3) 6.2mg, potassium iodide (KI) 0.83mg, two molybdic acid hydrate sodium (NaMoO
4.2H
2O) 0.25mg, Salzburg vitriol (CuSO
4.5H
2O) 0.025mg, cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl.6H
2O) 0.025mg;
(3) molysite 5ml wherein contains ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and receives (Na
2-EDTA) 37.3mg, seven ferric sulfate hydrate (FeSO
4.7H
2O) 27.8mg;
(4) inositol 25 ml wherein contain inositol (C
6H
12O
6) 100mg;
(5) organic matter 5 ml wherein contain nicotinic acid (C
6H
5NO
2) 0.1mg, thiamine hydrochloride (Vit.B1) 0.1mg, puridoxine hydrochloride (Vit.B6) 0.5mg, glycine (NH
2CH
2COOH) 2.0mg.
2. measure various hormone mother liquors with pipette;
(1) the 6-BA mother liquor 4ml of 0.5mg/ml;
NAA mother liquor 1 ml of (2) 0.2 mg/ml.
3. weighing agar 5g and sucrose 25g;
4. 500ml distilled water is boiled agar and the sucrose of the above-mentioned weighing of rear adding, after agar and sucrose dissolved, add above-mentioned MS minimal medium of measuring and hormone mixing;
5. be settled to 1L with distilled water, and pH value is adjusted to 6.0;
6. the packing medium is to blake bottle, the 20ml/ bottle;
7. will divide the blake bottle that installs to put into high-pressure sterilizing pot, 121 ° of C sterilized 20 minutes;
8. the good medium of will sterilizing takes out and moves to transfer room, can use after the cooling.
1. explant is selected and sterilization
Stems with bud is placed in the beaker, soaks 10min with 0.05% liquid detergent solution, the surface of scrubbing gently stem section and tender leaf with writing brush in the immersion process is to remove surperficial dirt, again through flowing water flushing 15min.At superclean bench 0.1%HgCl
2Then solution sterilization 8min sways washing 4 times with sterile water, after with aseptic blotting paper moisture being blotted, the stem section is cut into about 0.5cm stem section with an axillalry bud again.The pollution rate of this sterilizing methods is 13.33%, and survival rate is 80.00%.
2. just in generation, induce
The explant that sterilization is good is seeded to just for inducing culture MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.2 mgL
-1Carry out inducing clumping bud on the NAA and cultivate inductivity 100%.After cultivating 25d, induce the Multiple Buds with 4-5 budlet at the axil place.Utilize this prescription to carry out the required shortest time of inducing clumping bud, the bud fast growth is without vitrification phenomenon.
3. shoot proliferation
Induce the Multiple Buds of cultivating acquisition to downcut single bud first generation and be transferred to subculture medium MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.5mgL
-1KT+0.2 mgL
-1Breed cultivation among the NAA, the propagation multiple is 6.83/20d, and the Multiple Buds growth is fast, without vitrification phenomenon.
4. take root
When shoot proliferation bud seedling grows to more than the 2cm, be cut into single bud from base portion, be transferred to root media 1/2MS+NAA0.3 mgL
-1Middle root induction is cultivated 7d and is begun long root, the hardening of can uncapping behind the 15d.Rooting rate 100%, radical〉30, young leaves is many.
5. condition of culture
The minimal medium of just generation and shoot proliferation cultivation is MS, and the minimal medium of culture of rootage is 1/2MS, and medium is additional 3.0% sucrose and 0.5% agar all, and pH6.0 is behind the preparing and packaging, in 121 ℃ of sterilizations 20 minutes.Condition of culture is 26 ± 2 ℃, intensity of illumination 2000Lx, light application time 10 h/d.
6. acclimatization and transplants
The bottle seedling of taking root is moved to the hardening canopy, open bottle cap hardening 4d, then with tweezers the bottle seedling is taken out, stick to the medium of root with the clear water flush away, be transplanted to peat soil: on the matrix of thin river sand (3:1), keep relative moisture about 95% in the 10d after transplanting, temperature is controlled at 23-25 ℃ daytime, do not have the condition of direct light 15-18 ℃ of night, and transplanting survival rate is 84.07%.Can carry out field production after transplanting 15d.
(2) cultivation method
1. selection of land and whole ground
Select soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, draining is good, illumination is sufficient sandy loam or loam plot.Planting deep ploughing in previous month teds.The plow harrow soil block is in small, broken bits before the plantation, plays wide 70 cm of furrow, high 15 cm～20 cm, leveling furrow face.Dig the cave by line-spacing 40 ㎝, spacing in the rows 40 ㎝, the cave is long, dark, wide to be 20 ㎝ * 15 ㎝ * 15 ㎝, and every cave preferably applies barnyard manure, compost, ash and mixes fertile 0.5kg～1kg, after loam is mixed thoroughly, can plant.
2. plantation
The annual 2-3 month in spring, seedling 1 strain is put in every cave.Will allow its root naturally trail when putting seedling, earthing is crossed rhizome and is advisable, and slightly compacting of soil, and waters sufficient normal root water.
3. field management
A. weeding
Spring temperature is lower, and rainfall is plentiful easy growth of weeds, should spread straw or fernwort at the furrow face, both can prevent weeds propagation and widespread, plays again the soil moisture conservation effect.April and each weeding of 7-8 month are once.For fear of its root of injury, hoeing up weeds should be shallow.
B. irrigation and drainage
The growth of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera is very fast, and the large transpiration of blade is strong, keeps ground moistening, is conducive to plant strain growth.So, should in time drench (filling) water.But, if soil moisture is excessive, root disease also occurs easily.Therefore, want timely draining in rainy season (after pouring water), in the furrow ditch ponding can not be arranged.
C. fertilising
Using sufficient in the situation of base manure, whole growth cycle all can no longer topdress.If do not use base manure during seedling, then can be at the thin urea of executing one time of seedling growth stage (3-5 month), every strain 5 g; Execute every strain 2g urea after having removed grass in 7-8 month for the second time.
D. the extermination of disease and insect pest
Fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera common disease and pest has following three kinds:
A. root rot
Symptom: show as the atrophy of disease plant overground part branches and leaves, extract the visible root of root and become rotten, the black corruption that has, what have rots with the white hypha rope.Fall ill when serious, sick seedling is withered dead.Soil insect harm can increase the weight of this disease and occur.Period of disease selects 500 times of medicaments such as liquid of 50% carbendazim to fill with the root control.
B. virus disease
Symptom: sick leaf distortion distortion also has lower curling trend, and leaf texture's shrinkage injustice thickens and is the floral leaf shape, or is the even mottled floral leaf shape of green gradation unequal.Caused by virus infections.Aphid, leafhopper etc. are this disease entomophilas, and disease is propagated by modes such as entomophila, frictions.In case finding Strain should pull out immediately.
C. Spodoptera litura larvae
Symptom: first instar larvae eat blade only to stay vein and epicuticle in the blade back harm of trooping, mature larvae blade eat into breach or full leaf eat up.1500 times of 1000 times of available 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrates or 35% hot neat missible oil (the gram moth is precious) spray, and also can manually catch and kill.
E. gather
Fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera is annual medicinal plant, enter the florescence rear blade and begin gradually upwards withered coming off from the bottom, the result shows that its volatile oil yield of plant of gathering before mountain breeze is bloomed is the highest after testing simultaneously, and therefore, mountain breeze is advisable to gather before entering the florescence October.Collecting method is with cutter the acrial part more than the liftoff 2cm to be gathered in, and stays root and basal part of stem and treats the Second Year rudiment.
Claims (1)
1. fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera seedling fast breeding and cultivation method is characterized in that: with the stem segment with axillary bud of fragrance virtue Blumea balsamifera as the explant induction Multiple Buds,
(1) culture medium prescription:
The optimum medium of inducing clumping bud is MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.2 mgL
-1NAA;
Best shoot proliferation medium is MS+2.0 mgL
-16-BA+0.5mgL
-1KT+0.2 mgL
-1NAA;
The suitableeest root media is 1/2MS+0.3 mgL
-1NAA;
(2) condition of culture is that 26 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, intensity of illumination are 2000Lx, light application time 10h;
(3) cultivation method:
Comprise that planting density is 40 * 40cm, the plantation Best Times is the 2-3 month in spring;
The base manure of using is that barnyard manure, compost, ash mix fertile 0.5kg～1kg or application in two dressings urea during basal dressing not;
Fill with root with 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim and prevent and treat root rot, spray with 1500 times of 1000 times of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrates or 35% hot neat missible oil and prevent and treat Spodoptera litura larvae;
Collecting time is to enter October before the florescence, and collecting method is for staying acrial part 2cm to remain the Second Year rudiment.
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| CN102550421B true CN102550421B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN103250645B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-07-23 | 贵州一合生物技术有限公司 | Rapid propagation and transplantation method of blumea balsamifera |
| CN103385110B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2014-12-03 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Raising method for blumea balsamifera seedlings |
| CN103688856B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-05-18 | 广西桂西制药有限公司 | A kind of method for quickly breeding of blumea riparia medicinal material |
| CN104756706A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-08 | 贵州大学 | Transplanting method of blumea balsamifera seedlings |
| CN104704986A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-06-17 | 贵州大学 | Blumea balsamifera harvesting and rough processing method |
| CN106518233B (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-06-14 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Produce the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer fertilizing method of high-quality Blumea balsamifera |
| CN107094459A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-29 | 镇远县醉美果业有限公司 | A kind of plum interplanting Blumea balsamifera prevents and treats the implantation methods of plum disease |
| CN107455112A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-12 | 贵州道地中药材开发有限公司 | The implantation methods and its dedicated fertilizer of a kind of Blumea balsamifera |
| CN114391474B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-11-22 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for obtaining adventitious buds of tetraploid blumea balsamifera |
| CN114375834B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-12-09 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Culture method for inducing differentiation of blumea balsamifera root cells to generate adventitious buds in one step |
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| CN101040602A (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2007-09-26 | 广西桂西制药有限公司 | Quick propagating method of blumea riparia(Bl.)DC medicine material |
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