CN103918449B - A kind of stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting - Google Patents
A kind of stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the stereo cultivating method of a kind of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting.Described cultural method includes Cortex Phellodendri plantation, Rhizoma Paridis plantation, field management, fertilizing management, irrigation management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Interplanting and carry out in winter-spring season, select low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, Cortex Phellodendri employing is cave-shaped wholely, transplants seedling height >=50cm ground footpath >=1cm；Carrying out for the 10th ~ 14 month after Cortex Phellodendri is transplanted transplanted by Rhizoma Paridis, in Cortex Phellodendri bedding in the ranks, is transplanted on furrow by Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem.Plant latter 2 months and 6 months carry out Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis survival rate investigation, fill the gaps with seedlings in time, weeding, loosen the soil, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Prune during Cortex Phellodendri shade density > 65%, beat fork or intermediate cutting adjustment shade density；Growing season and winter respectively topdress once, after cultivation and water in time dry season, draining need to be made rainy season unobstructed.Described stereo cultivating method achieves Cortex Phellodendri and the combined type of Rhizoma Paridis, targetedly Optimum Cultivation, improves yield and the quality of two kinds of medical materials, and remarkable in economical benefits, application value is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology field, belong to Chinese herbal medicine Interplanting technique field further, be specifically related to the stereo cultivating method of a kind of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting.
Background technology
Chinese herbal medicine interplanting is a kind of highly efficient and productive Comprehensive Management Modes, by changing single cropping pattern, will have different growth characteristics Chinese herbal medicine produce organically combine, for make full use of foster resource, improve medical material Yield and quality all have very important significance.In the last few years, the research of Chinese herbal medicine Cultivation Patterns of Interplanting has had significant progress, on producing, the plantation of some kinds be there has also been the more rich cultivation experience of ratio, but the research of Interplanting technique is still in the exploratory stage, cultivation technique is not mature enough, not up to the efficient utilization of resource.
Cortex Phellodendri is deciduous tree, the height of tree up to 10 ~ 12 meters, seedling stage slightly resistance to the moon, bearing tree happiness sunlight, under naturalness, jag is low, and branch is many, and leaf amount is big, and winter can provide large amount of organic.Rhizoma Paridis is herbaceos perennial, is suitable for average annual temperature 13 ~ 18 DEG C, and growth in sandy loam that the soil organism, humus content are abundant or loam, weak to direct sunlight, happiness the moon covers moistening environment.Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis interplanting cultivation can be made full use of the two biological characteristics and forest land space structure, improve land utilization ratio, increase production economy benefit.
But, in the interplanting research of existing Chinese herbal medicine, the interplanting cultivation of Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis is still lacked the management method of a kind of system, specification, limits giving full play to of productive potentialities, make cultivation effect be affected.
Based on this, it is contemplated that research and development provide the stereo cultivating method that a kind of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis comprehensive, system is interplanted, improving while forest land manages intensive degree, it is effectively increased output capacity, improve product quality, this, for accelerating forest economy development, advances Chinese herbal medicine standardized planting level to be all of great practical significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the stereo cultivating method of a kind of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, the stereo cultivating method of described Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting, including Cortex Phellodendri plantation, Rhizoma Paridis plantation, field management, fertilizing management, irrigation management and pest control procedures, specifically includes:
A, Cortex Phellodendri plantation: Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, adopt cave-shaped wholely, cave, the pool is of a size of 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm, line-spacing 1.8 ~ 2.2m, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.8m；Beat Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.15 ~ 0.25kg and soil, backfill in cave, the pool and earthing；By height >=50cm after one month, the Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting of footpath, ground >=1cm, in whole good cave, the pool, returns that the depth of fill is equal with ground or the 5 ~ 10m that is above the ground level, and irrigates and determines root water, and on soil dish covering veil.
B, Rhizoma Paridis are planted: adopt level land bedding, and the 10th ~ 14 month after Cortex Phellodendri is planted, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu organic fertilizer 1800 ~ 2200kg, compound fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, turn over after executing, it is furrow, furrow face width 1.0 ~ 1.2m, high 22 ~ 28cm after the thin leveling of rake, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 25 ~ 35cm, then open the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm in furrow face, the Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem having sprouting ability is transplanted on furrow, spacing in the rows 12 ~ 18cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face, cover veil.
C, field management: Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis carry out plant for latter 2 months and 6 months in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, and fill the gaps with seedlings in time, weeding, loosen the soil；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, during Phellodendron chinense Seedlings shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density.
D, fertilizing management: Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem applies fertilizer twice after transplanting every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 24 ~ 26kg, and second executes farm manure 2000 ~ 3000kg inferior to mu in winter.
E, irrigation management: meeting arid season in 10 ~ 14 months after Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting should water, and keeps rainy season draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d waters once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water.
F, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm；Pest control method is identical with conventional method.
The stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis of the present invention interplanting changes traditional single medical material and only plants pattern, it is achieved sun plant and heliophobous plant collocation, Appropriate application sunlight-heat reaources.Leaf amount size according to Phellodendron chinense Seedlings, adopts pruning flexibly, beats the means such as fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density, improve the speed of growth of Rhizoma Paridis, and not only weightening finish multiple is high, and yield is also high.
Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis are carried out the plantation of wrong phase of about 1 year by cultural method of the present invention, the adjustment of implantation time is partly in order to coordinate the biological characteristics of Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis growth, space, Appropriate application forest land, reduces input cost to a certain extent, such as the input amount of the facilities such as shade net canopy.
The adjustment of implantation time is conducive to carrying out the specific aim optimization of Tending Cortex Phellodendri with the Rhizoma Paridis interplanting initial stage on the other hand.It is slightly lower that the Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting initial stage waters irrigation intensity after foot determines root water, makes Cortex Phellodendri seedling obtain relatively while mcroorganism amount in guarantee, is conducive to alkaloidal accumulation in peel of stem, improves effective output.It addition, in Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting initial stage that is 10 ~ 14 months, according to fostering environmental quality, it is preferable that do not set shade net canopy, the Biomass of Cortex Phellodendri can either be improved, higher alkaloid single plant yield can be obtained again.
In sum, the plantation of woody medicine with herbal drug is arranged in pairs or groups by cultural method of the present invention mutually, tending technique is unified mutually with horticulture technique, the production cycle making two kinds of medicinal plants matches, achieve three-dimensional, combined type cultivation, it is simple to realize human and material resources, the economized of financial resources, regularized operation, the more effective yield that improve two kinds of medicinal plants and quality, create obvious economic benefit, there is higher application value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereochemical structure configuration figure of cultural method embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stereochemical structure configuration figure of cultural method embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the stereochemical structure configuration figure of cultural method embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In figure:For Cortex Phellodendri；For Rhizoma Paridis.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below, but never in any form the present invention is any limitation as, and based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis of the present invention interplanting, including Cortex Phellodendri plantation, Rhizoma Paridis plantation, field management, fertilizing management, irrigation management and pest control procedures, specifically includes:
Described Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, adopt cave-shaped wholely, cave, the pool is of a size of 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm, line-spacing 1.8 ~ 2.2m, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.8m；Beat Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.15 ~ 0.25kg and soil, backfill in cave, the pool and earthing；By height >=50cm after one month, the Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting of footpath, ground >=1cm, in whole good cave, the pool, returns that the depth of fill is equal with ground or the 5 ~ 10m that is above the ground level, and irrigates and determines root water, and on soil dish covering veil.
Described Rhizoma Paridis plantation adopts level land bedding, and the 10th ~ 14 month after Cortex Phellodendri is planted, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu organic fertilizer 1800 ~ 2200kg, compound fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, turn over after executing, it is furrow, furrow face width 1.0 ~ 1.2m, high 22 ~ 28cm after the thin leveling of rake, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 25 ~ 35cm, then open the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm in furrow face, the Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem having sprouting ability is transplanted on furrow, spacing in the rows 12 ~ 18cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face, cover veil.
Described field management refers to Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis and within latter 2 months and 6 months, carries out plant in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, and fills the gaps with seedlings in time, weeding, loosens the soil；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, during Phellodendron chinense Seedlings shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density.
Described fertilizing management applies fertilizer twice after referring to the transplanting of Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 24 ~ 26kg, and second executes farm manure 2000 ~ 3000kg inferior to mu in winter.
Described irrigation management refer to Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting after 10 ~ 14 months in meet arid season should water, keep rainy season draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d waters once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, its prevention and controls is identical with conventional method.The pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm.
Cultural method of the present invention can also include forest land cleanup step, adopts along equal pitch contour banding manner of cleaning up, surgeries shrub weeds, removal of contamination, residue after results preceding crop, and clean with burning, it is prevented that or reduce pest and disease damage；After cleaning, mu organic fertilizer 2000 ~ 3000kg, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields；Then pesticide is spread fertilizer over the fields by the consumption on operation instructions and method；Then soil is deep ploughed more than 30cm at least one times, kill the insect in soil and ovum；Again soil is exposed to the sun one month, killing ova, antibacterial；Time again wholely and before Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting during whole ground, antibacterial can be applied by the consumption on operation instructions and method, kill antibacterial in soil further；Finally soil of raking in small, broken bits.
The described bandwidth along the cleaning of equal pitch contour banding is 3.5 ~ 4.5m；Described pesticide is metrifonate, poison Cicadae with poison or any one or several in chlorine cyanogen polyester, and the amount of application of described pesticide can increase by 2% on the basis of operation instructions consumption；Described biocide is any one or several in Bravo, zineb, polyoxin, thiram or procymidone, and the amount of application of described biocide can increase by 3% on the basis of operation instructions consumption.
If the acidity of soil is too high, it is also possible in described forest land cleanup step, mu liming 9 ~ 11kg while applying pesticide or biocide, regulate acid-base value.
Too high pH value≤6.0 referring to soil of described soil acidity.
In cultural method of the present invention, Cortex Phellodendri be Rutaceae Phellodendron plant Phellodendron sachalinense (PhellodendronchinenseSchneid.)；Rhizoma Paridis be Liliaceae paris plant Rhizoma Paridis (ParisyunnanensisFranch.).
Described low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type refers to height above sea level 900 ~ 1100m, year samming 12 ~ 17 °, under position, slope is, slope aspect is Schattenseite, the gradient 10 ~ 15 °, soil is yellow earth, thickness be in thick-layer, parent rock is sandstone, quality is sandy loam, moistening loose, chad content 8 ~ 10%, pH value 5.6 ~ 7.8.
The Cortex Phellodendri seedling quality classification standard that described Cortex Phellodendri plantation step uses is as shown in the table
In described Cortex Phellodendri plantation step, cave, the pool can square, rectangle or isosceles triangle arrangement；Described beat the pool after compound fertilizer and soil are mixed in proportion after be backfilled in cave, the pool, backfill volume is the 2/3 of cave, pool volume, and covers last layer soil；Described time the depth of fill need to below Cortex Phellodendri seedling collar；Described veil is any one in Caulis et Folium Oryzae or mulch film, and the thickness of described veil need to reach not reveal soil.
After the Rhizoma Paridis that cultural method of the present invention uses refers to the Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem dry in the sun having sprouting ability by 2 to three years with sprout tuber stem, the band sprout tuber stem obtained after admixing plant ash.
Described plant ash of admixing refers to and is mixed thoroughly by the weight ratio of 1:1 ~ 3 with sprout tuber stem and plant ash by Rhizoma Paridis.
The Rhizoma Paridis terminal bud bud point with sprout tuber stem need to upwards be placed by described Rhizoma Paridis plantation step；Described veil is any one in Folium Pini or Caulis et Folium Oryzae, and the thickness of described veil need to reach not reveal soil.
The fertilizer that cultural method of the present invention uses is any one or several in farm manure, excrement of animals, oil cake, plant ash or the crop material become thoroughly decomposed；Described fertilizer does not include night soil.
Described fertilizer is before administration, it is preferable that by fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer=8 ~ 12:1 puddles compost more than 3 months after uniformly so that it is fully become thoroughly decomposed.
Described phosphate fertilizer is any one in calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate.
Namely described field management need to carry out weeding after Cortex Phellodendri seedling and Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem are transplanted, in hereafter management process should weeding in time, aerial parts and the fibrous root of Rhizoma Paridis can not be injured during weeding, can carry out with combination of loosening the soil.
Described field management is preferably in, in Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting initial stage that is 10 ~ 14 months, not setting shade net canopy according to fostering environmental quality.
Described irrigation management preferably employs the mode of sprinkling irrigation.
The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes following measures:
(1) Phellodendron Chinense Rust: 5 ~ June originates, blade of causing harm.Prevention and controls: their early stage 400 times of liquid of sulfonat or the 700 times of liquid sprayings of 25% triadimefon.
(3) Cortex Phellodendri Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm: 5 ~ August occurs, and cause harm seedling leaves.Prevention and controls: utilize natural enemy, namely parasitic wasp suppresses Papilio xuthus (Linne)． to occur；At juvenile stage, spray with 800 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate or 300 times of liquid of Bt Emulsion.
(3) Rhizoma Paridis melasma: disease, from blade tip or phyllopodium, produces circular or subcircular scab, and disease spreads to floral axis sometimes, forms leaf withered withered with stem.Prophylactico-therapeutic measures: 1. note draining dehumidifying, reduce air humidity, alleviate morbidity；2. their early stage sprays 5% octicin solution water preparation or 50% thiophanate-methyl suspending agent.
(4) Rhizoma Paridis stem rot: many in the generation of seedbed phase, the harm of high temperature and rainy field period is even more serious.First producing yellowish-brown scab at basal part of stem, after scab expands, blade tip dehydration is sagging, and time serious, Seedling is fallen in stem foot web rot.Prophylactico-therapeutic measures: 1. with gramineous crop crop rotation in more than 3 years；2. transplant front seedbed and spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder, as " send and transfer medicine "；3. except sick Seedling between；4. land for growing field crops their early stage fills the pool with 95% fenaminosulf wettable powder, every 10 days 1 time, even fills 23 times.
The medicament that described " send and transfer medicine " sprays before referring to transplanting in advance, the pest and disease damage after preventing and treating transplanting.
(3) Rhizoma Paridis chafer is caused harm: endangers blade with adult, stings food rhizome with larva, affects Rhizoma Paridis growth.Prophylactico-therapeutic measures: torch trapping in night adult, is put in furrow face trapping larva with fresh vegetable foliar spray metrifonate.
Embodiment 1
Interplanting plant used is:
Cortex Phellodendri: Phellodendron sachalinense (PhellodendronchinenseSchneid.) annual seedling, height >=50cm, footpath, ground >=1cm, root length >=35cm, it is longer than radical >=20, side of 5cm.
Rhizoma Paridis: Rhizoma Paridis (ParisyunnanensisFranch.) within 2 to three years, there is the band sprout tuber stem of sprouting ability, after dry in the sun, admix plant ash.
Site type is: height above sea level 900 ~ 1100m, year samming 12 ~ 17 °, under position, slope is, slope aspect is Schattenseite, the gradient 10 ~ 15 °, and soil is yellow earth, thickness be in thick-layer, parent rock is sandstone, and quality is sandy loam, moistening loose, chad content 8 ~ 10%, pH value 5.6 ~ 7.8.
First carry out forest land cleaning, adopt along equal pitch contour banding manner of cleaning up, bandwidth 4m, surgery shrub weeds, removal of contamination, residue after results preceding crop, and clean with burning, it is prevented that or reduce pest and disease damage；After cleaning, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields；Then metrifonate is spread fertilizer over the fields by the consumption on operation instructions and method；Then soil is deep ploughed 30cm with the last time, kill the insect in soil and ovum；Again soil is exposed to the sun one month, killing ova, antibacterial；Before Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting during whole ground, Bravo can be applied by the consumption on operation instructions and method, kill antibacterial in soil further；Finally soil of raking in small, broken bits.
Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, adopts that cave-shaped cave, the pool is of a size of 60cm × 60cm × 60cm, line-spacing 2.0m, spacing in the rows 1.5m wholely, arranges in isosceles triangle；Beating Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.20kg and soil, backfill in cave, the pool, backfill volume is the 2/3 of cave, pool volume, and covers last layer soil；By in Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting to whole good cave, the pool after one month, backfill soil is above the ground level 5 ~ 10m, but height below Cortex Phellodendri seedling collar, need to irrigate and determine root water, and on soil dish mulching straw, until not revealing soil.
Rhizoma Paridis plantation adopts level land bedding, and 12nd month after Cortex Phellodendri is planted, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg, compound fertilizer 27kg, turns over after executing, it is furrow, furrow face width 1.1m, high 25cm after the thin leveling of rake, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 30cm, then opens the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm, is transplanted on furrow by Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem in furrow face, the Rhizoma Paridis terminal bud bud point with sprout tuber stem upwards need to be placed during transplanting, spacing in the rows 15cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face, cover Folium Pini, until not revealing soil.
Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis carry out plant in latter 2 months and 6 months in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, the survival rate of Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis respectively 93% and 95%, the plot not surviving plant is had to fill the gaps with seedlings in time, carry out plant after transplanting between 3 ~ 5 years to survive the survival rate of condition survey, Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis and all reach more than 85%.
After Cortex Phellodendri seedling and Rhizoma Paridis are transplanted with sprout tuber stem and hereafter in management process, all should weeding in time, first with hand-lifting except Rhizoma Paridis plant Weeds Around, then remove other weeds gently with special spud, aerial parts and the fibrous root of Rhizoma Paridis can not be injured during weeding, can carry out with combination of loosening the soil.
After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, when Phellodendron chinense Seedlings leaf amount increases, during shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density.
Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem applies fertilizer twice after transplanting every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 25kg, and second executes well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg inferior to mu in winter.
Meeting arid season in after Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting 12 months answers Spray irrigation, rainy season to keep draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d sprays once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water.
During whole interplanting, pest control method is identical with conventional method, and the pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm.
Embodiment 2
Interplanting plant used is:
Cortex Phellodendri: Phellodendron sachalinense (PhellodendronchinenseSchneid.) with embodiment 1.
Rhizoma Paridis: Rhizoma Paridis (ParisyunnanensisFranch.) with embodiment 1.
Site type is with embodiment 1.
First carry out forest land cleaning, adopt along equal pitch contour banding manner of cleaning up, bandwidth 3.5m, surgery shrub weeds, removal of contamination, residue after results preceding crop, and clean with burning, it is prevented that or reduce pest and disease damage；After cleaning, mu executes the excrement of animals 2000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields；Then spread fertilizer over the fields by the consumption on operation instructions and method and poison Cicadae with poison；Then soil is deep ploughed 30cm with the last time, kill the insect in soil and ovum；Again soil is exposed to the sun one month, killing ova, antibacterial；Before Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting during whole ground, zineb can be applied by the consumption on operation instructions and method, kill antibacterial in soil further；Finally soil of raking in small, broken bits.
Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, adopts that cave-shaped cave, the pool is of a size of 55cm × 55cm × 55cm, line-spacing 1.8m, spacing in the rows 1.2m wholely, arranges in isosceles triangle；Beating Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.15kg and soil, backfill in cave, the pool, backfill volume is the 2/3 of cave, pool volume, and covers last layer soil；By in Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting to whole good cave, the pool after one month, backfill soil is above the ground level 5 ~ 10m, but height below Cortex Phellodendri seedling collar, need to irrigate and determine root water, and on soil dish covering with plastic film, until not revealing soil.
Rhizoma Paridis plantation adopts level land bedding, and 14th month after Cortex Phellodendri is planted, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu executes the excrement of animals 1800kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, compound fertilizer 25kg, turns over after executing, it is furrow, furrow face width 1.0m, high 22cm after the thin leveling of rake, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 25cm, then opens the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm, is transplanted on furrow by Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem in furrow face, the Rhizoma Paridis terminal bud bud point with sprout tuber stem upwards need to be placed during transplanting, spacing in the rows 12cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face mulching straw, until not revealing soil.
Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis carry out plant in latter 2 months and 6 months in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, the survival rate of Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis respectively 90% and 92%, the plot not surviving plant is had to fill the gaps with seedlings in time, carry out plant after transplanting between 3 ~ 5 years to survive the survival rate of condition survey, Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis and all reach more than 86%.
After Cortex Phellodendri seedling and Rhizoma Paridis are transplanted with sprout tuber stem and hereafter in management process, all should weeding in time, first with hand-lifting except Rhizoma Paridis plant Weeds Around, then remove other weeds gently with special spud, aerial parts and the fibrous root of Rhizoma Paridis can not be injured during weeding, can carry out with combination of loosening the soil.
After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, when Phellodendron chinense Seedlings leaf amount increases, during shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density.
Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem applies fertilizer twice after transplanting every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 24kg, and second executes farm manure 3000kg inferior to mu in winter.
Meeting arid season in after Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting 14 months answers Spray irrigation, rainy season to keep draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d sprays once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water.
During whole interplanting, pest control method is identical with conventional method, and the pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm.
Embodiment 3
Interplanting plant used is:
Cortex Phellodendri: Phellodendron sachalinense (PhellodendronchinenseSchneid.) with embodiment 1.
Rhizoma Paridis: Rhizoma Paridis (ParisyunnanensisFranch.) with embodiment 1.
Site type is with embodiment 1.
First carry out forest land cleaning, adopt along equal pitch contour banding manner of cleaning up, bandwidth 4.5m, surgery shrub weeds, removal of contamination, residue after results preceding crop, and clean with burning, it is prevented that or reduce pest and disease damage；After cleaning, mu executes the oil cake 3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields；Then cypermethrin is spread fertilizer over the fields by the consumption on operation instructions and method；Then soil is deep ploughed 30cm with the last time, kill the insect in soil and ovum；Again soil is exposed to the sun one month, killing ova, antibacterial；Before Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting during whole ground, polyoxin can be applied by the consumption on operation instructions and method, kill antibacterial in soil further；Finally soil of raking in small, broken bits.
Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, adopts that cave-shaped cave, the pool is of a size of 65cm × 65cm × 65cm, line-spacing 2.2m, spacing in the rows 1.8m wholely, arranges in isosceles triangle；Beating Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.25kg and soil, backfill in cave, the pool, backfill volume is the 2/3 of cave, pool volume, and covers last layer soil；By in Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting to whole good cave, the pool after one month, backfill soil is above the ground level 5 ~ 10m, but height below Cortex Phellodendri seedling collar, need to irrigate and determine root water, and on soil dish mulching straw, until not revealing soil.
Rhizoma Paridis plantation adopts level land bedding, and 10th month after Cortex Phellodendri is planted, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu executes the oil cake 2200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, compound fertilizer 30kg, turns over after executing, it is furrow, furrow face width 1.2m, high 28cm after the thin leveling of rake, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 35cm, then opens the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm, is transplanted on furrow by Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem in furrow face, the Rhizoma Paridis terminal bud bud point with sprout tuber stem upwards need to be placed during transplanting, spacing in the rows 18cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face mulching straw, until not revealing soil.
Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis carry out plant in latter 2 months and 6 months in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, the survival rate of Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis respectively 95% and 94%, the plot not surviving plant is had to fill the gaps with seedlings in time, carry out plant after transplanting between 3 ~ 5 years to survive the survival rate of condition survey, Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis and all reach more than 87%.
After Cortex Phellodendri seedling and Rhizoma Paridis are transplanted with sprout tuber stem and hereafter in management process, all should weeding in time, first with hand-lifting except Rhizoma Paridis plant Weeds Around, then remove other weeds gently with special spud, aerial parts and the fibrous root of Rhizoma Paridis can not be injured during weeding, can carry out with combination of loosening the soil.
After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, when Phellodendron chinense Seedlings leaf amount increases, during shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density.
Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem applies fertilizer twice after transplanting every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 26kg, and second executes farm manure 2000kg inferior to mu in winter.
Meeting arid season in after Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting 10 months answers Spray irrigation, rainy season to keep draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d sprays once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water.
During whole interplanting, pest control method is identical with conventional method, and the pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm.
Claims (7)
1. the stereo cultivating method of a Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis interplanting, it is characterised in that include Cortex Phellodendri plantation, Rhizoma Paridis plantation, field management, fertilizing management, irrigation management and pest control procedures, specifically include:
A, Cortex Phellodendri plantation: Cortex Phellodendri is planted and carries out in winter-spring season, selects low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type, and low mountain yellow earth thick-layer site type is height above sea level 900 ~ 1100m, year samming 12 ~ 17 DEG C, under position, slope is, slope aspect is Schattenseite, the gradient 10 ~ 15 °, soil is yellow earth, thickness be in thick-layer, parent rock is sandstone, quality is sandy loam, moistening loose, chad content 8 ~ 10%, pH value 5.6 ~ 7.8；Adopting that cave-shaped cave, the pool is of a size of 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm × 55 ~ 65cm, line-spacing 1.8 ~ 2.2m, spacing in the rows 1.2 ~ 1.8m wholely, cave, the pool is rectangular or isosceles triangle arrangement；Beating Hou Mei cave, the pool to be sufficiently mixed by the consumption of compound fertilizer 0.15 ~ 0.25kg and soil, backfill volume is the 2/3 of cave, pool volume, and covers last layer soil, returns the depth of fill below Cortex Phellodendri seedling collar；By height >=50cm after one month, the Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting of ground footpath >=1cm, in whole good cave, the pool, returns that the depth of fill is equal with ground or the 5 ~ 10m that is above the ground level, and irrigates and determines root water, and mulching straw or mulch film are as veil on soil dish, the thickness of veil is for reaching not reveal soil；
B, Rhizoma Paridis is planted: adopt level land bedding, after Cortex Phellodendri is planted the 10th ~ 14 month, by Cortex Phellodendri soil intensive cultivation in the ranks, mu organic fertilizer 1800 ~ 2200kg, compound fertilizer 25 ~ 30kg, turn over after executing, furrow are done after the thin leveling of rake, furrow face width 1.0 ~ 1.2m, high 22 ~ 28cm, furrow ditch and enclose furrow width 25 ~ 35cm, then the ditch of deep 4 ~ 6cm is opened in furrow face, it is transplanted on furrow by there being the Rhizoma Paridis of the sprouting ability terminal bud bud point with sprout tuber stem upwards to place, spacing in the rows 12 ~ 18cm, irrigate and determine root water, and on furrow face, cover Folium Pini or Caulis et Folium Oryzae as veil, the thickness of veil reaches not reveal soil；
C, field management: Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Paridis carry out plant for latter 2 months and 6 months in transplanting respectively and survive condition survey, and fill the gaps with seedlings in time, weeding, loosen the soil；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, during Phellodendron chinense Seedlings shade density > 65%, Cortex Phellodendri pruned, beat fork or intermediate cutting to regulate shade density；
D, fertilizing management: Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem applies fertilizer twice after transplanting every year, and first inferior to season of growth mu sealing fertilizer 24 ~ 26kg, and second executes farm manure 2000 ~ 3000kg inferior to mu in winter；
E, irrigation management: meeting arid season in 10 ~ 14 months after Cortex Phellodendri seedling replanting should water, and keeps rainy season draining unobstructed；After Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem is transplanted, every 10 ~ 15d waters once, makes soil moisture be maintained at 30 ~ 40%, needs reason ditch before rainy season set, keeps draining unobstructed, does not make furrow area water；
F, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the pest and disease damage of Cortex Phellodendri includes rust, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Papilio xuthus (Linne)． is caused harm；The pest and disease damage of Rhizoma Paridis includes melasma, stem rot and chafer and causes harm；Pest control method is identical with conventional method.
2. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterised in that described Cortex Phellodendri is Rutaceae Phellodendron plant Phellodendron sachalinensePhellodendronchinenseSchneid.；Described Rhizoma Paridis is Liliaceae paris plant Rhizoma ParidisParisyunnanensisFranch.。
3. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterised in that after described Rhizoma Paridis refers to the Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem dry in the sun having sprouting ability by 2 to three years with sprout tuber stem, the band sprout tuber stem obtained after admixing plant ash.
4. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterised in that described fertilizer is any one or several in farm manure, excrement of animals, oil cake, plant ash or the crop material become thoroughly decomposed；Described fertilizer does not include night soil.
5. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterised in that described fertilizer before administration, by fertilizer: the weight ratio of phosphate fertilizer=8 ~ 12:1 puddles compost more than 3 months after uniformly so that it is fully become thoroughly decomposed.
6. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterized in that namely field management described in step C carries out weeding after Cortex Phellodendri seedling and Rhizoma Paridis band sprout tuber stem are transplanted, hereafter should weeding in time in management process, can not injuring aerial parts and the fibrous root of Rhizoma Paridis during weeding, combination carries out with loosening the soil.
7. the stereo cultivating method of Cortex Phellodendri Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1 interplanting, it is characterised in that irrigation management described in step E adopts sprinkling irrigation.
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