CN107371728A - Bletilla nursery and ampelopsis grossdentata set cultivating method - Google Patents
Bletilla nursery and ampelopsis grossdentata set cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371728A CN107371728A CN201710720763.7A CN201710720763A CN107371728A CN 107371728 A CN107371728 A CN 107371728A CN 201710720763 A CN201710720763 A CN 201710720763A CN 107371728 A CN107371728 A CN 107371728A
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- bletilla
- ampelopsis grossdentata
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that the present invention provides bletilla nursery and ampelopsis grossdentata set cultivation, the selection through planting soil, site preparation requirement, the selection requirement of Bletilla striata medicinal materials kind, the seed seedling-raising of Bletilla striata medicinal materials and plantation, the method for transplanting of ampelopsis grossdentata, the selection of fertilizer and fertilizing method, the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, water management, harvest, bletilla repeat nursery implantation methods.Ampelopsis grossdentata can effectively prevent bletilla blade from virus disease occurs, and also effectively prevent the ampelopsis grossdentata caused by fertilizer abundance and bloom.Using the good growing environment that ampelopsis grossdentata is bletilla seed seedling offer after vernalization, reduce the requirement that bletilla seed needs warmhouse booth to carry out nursery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bletilla nursery and ampelopsis grossdentata to carry out the method that efficiently set is planted, and belongs to modern Chinese herbal medicine and plants
Train technical field.
Background technology
Bletilla, also known as sweet, give free of charge, indocalamus it is blue, for one kind of orchid family bletilla category, the entitled Bletilla of kind Latin
striata.Perennial herb, pseudobulb root tuber shape, white is plump, there is finger-like difference.Stem is sturdy, uprightly, high 30~60 lis
Rice.3~6 pieces of leaf, lanceolar or wide lanceolar, tip is tapering, and base portion sheath shape embraces stem.Raceme basidixed, it is sparse, spend 3~
8, spend greatly and beautiful, aubergine.Petal 3, the lip Long Circle of falling ovum, deep 3 split, and middle valve margin has wave-formed mouth, side sliver portion
Stamen post is covered in subpackage；Sepal 3, petal-shaped.Capsule, it is cylindric, above, 6 vertical ribs protrude.Seed is tiny such as dust.Florescence 4 is below the moon
In ten days~late May, fructescence is in 11 months, the last ten-days period.Have a mutation white flower ampelopsis grossdentata, floral white, garden-variety still have it is blue, yellow,
It is pink to wait color.Conventional division propagation.Before spring young leaves is sprouted or autumn and winter overground part it is withered after, the old strain of turn up, segmentation pseudobulb enters
Row point is planted, and every plant can divide 3~5 plants, and every plant must band terminal bud.Also seed propagation can be used, but because seed is tiny, hypoplasia, is needed
With culture medium aseptic inoculation, complex operation, thus it is seldom used.
It is mainly used in hemoptysis haematemesis, traumatism and bleeding, sore swollen toxin, chapped skin；Pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, ulcer haemorrhage.
Its bulb colloid containing bletilla, starch, volatile oil etc.；It is medicinal, there are effect, the external applications such as produce effects, tonifying lung is stopped blooding, is subsided a swelling to control wound and go out
Blood, carbuncle swells, scald, furunculosis etc.；Beauty is spent, cultivation is for viewing and admiring.With propagation by corm, plant in good, the fertile chiltern earth of draining
Soil and humus loam, need warm more dark and damp environment.
Ampelopsis grossdentata, woody climber.Sprig cylinder, there is notable vertical rib line, hairless.Tendril 2 pitches branch, is separated by 2 sections
Interruption is with leaf to life.Leaf is that 1-2 returns winglike compound leaves, and 2 times winglike compound leaf person base portions be for a pair 3 leaflets, leaflet oval, ovum ellipse
Shape or oblong, long 2-5 centimetres, wide 1-2.5 centimetres, top is suddenly sharp or tapering, base portion wealthy wedge shape or subcircular, each side of the edge
Have 2-5 sawtooth, above green, below light green color, two sides is hairless；3-5 pairs of lateral vein, the micro- protrusion of net vein, afterbody net vein
Unobvious；It is hairless；Stipule is caducous.Inflorescence is umbrella room shape polychasium, with leaf to life；Peduncle is long 1.5-3.5 centimetres,
It is hairless；The long 1.5-2 millimeters of bennet, it is hairless；Bud oval, high 1.5-2 millimeters, top is circular, hairless；Calyx dish, edge wave
Shape is shallow to be split, hairless；Petal 5, ovum ellipse, high 1.2-1.7 millimeters, hairless, stamen 5, flower pesticide oval are long to be slightly more than width, flower
Disk is flourishing, wavy shallow to split；Ovary bottom and floral disc symphysis, style bore shape, and column cap unobvious expand.Fruit is subsphaeroidal, diameter 0.6-1
Centimetre, there is 2-4, seed；Seed falls oval, and top is circular, and base portion has short beak, and hilum is oval in the middle part of the seed back side,
Top rib ridge protrudes, and there is a blunt rib line projection on surface, and rib ridge protrudes in belly, and both sides low-lying area cave be in obovate, from base portion upwards up to planting
Sub nearly middle part.The environment of warm and moist is liked, is distributed mainly in height above sea level 500-1200 silver pink sandy soils, P in soil H4.5-6.5,
Have a moderate climate, the sunshine-duration is long, annual rainfall is abundant, in the raw cheuch woods in Mountain Areas of Southern area or hillside shrubbery is largely distributed.
Ampelopsis grossdentata is used as medicine with cauline leaf, sweet, light, cool in nature, has clearing heat and detoxicating, wind-damp dispelling, strengthening the bones and muscles, anti-inflammatory, town
Pain and other effects.It is among the people that health protection tea is made in its young young stem and leaf, for treating cold, fever, abscess of throat, icteric hepatitis, blister furuncle
It is a kind of typical medical and edible dual purpose plant Deng the existing centuries history of disease.Its principle active component is flavone compound, and with
Dihydromyricetin cellulose content highest.Research shows, general flavone content is 7.5%-8.3% (mass fraction) in ampelopsis grossdentata, two
Hydrogen red bayberry cellulose content is up to 37.4%-40%, crude protein, water-solubility protein, amino acid composition, total ash, inorganic nutritive element,
Polyphenol, water extractable content enrich.Separately containing 17 kinds of amino acid necessary to the human bodies such as leucine, different propylhomoserin, methionine.
Publication No. CN102919024A Introduction To Cn Patent a kind of high yield cultivating method of bletilla, its feature exist
In：Milpa of the fertile sandy loam as bletilla is selected, preceding stubble is grass family or Solanaceae crops；Apply during site preparation
Base manure；From annual or biennial healthy bulb, every bulb is 5~10g, and the suitable sowing time is December to next year 3
Month, by the ㎝ drillings of the ㎝ of seeding row spacing 10 × 15；In field management, annual tillage and weeding in 3~May 3~5 times；6~August avoids sun
Light direct beam；Keep bletilla milpa not ponding；Stalk ash content 200~250kg/ of soil mus are spread fertilizer over the fields with reference to intertillage or impose urea every year
10-15kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate 25-35kg/ mus and potassium sulfate 10-15kg/ mus；Bletilla harvests after cultivating 3 years.
A kind of cultural method of bletilla seedling of Publication No. CN104904488A Introduction To Cn Patent, including following step
Suddenly：Milpa selects step：Select loose ventilative, soil moisture content 30-35% fertile soil or sand loam is as milpa；
Milpa arranges step：In the milpa, by the wide ridgings of 1.2-1.4m, apply organic fertilizer on ridge, then opened on ridge
Dig kind of a planting ditch, ditch depth 8-12cm, drains spacing 22-25cm；Milpa processing step：Milpa after arrangement is watered, sterilized
With desinsection processing；Bletilla transplantation of seedlings step：According to 20-25cm spacing, bletilla seedling is placed in kind of planting ditch, with soil by bletilla seedling
Root be completely covered, and cover the 2/3 of bulb.
A kind of saddle-shape bletilla tissue culture seedling stem method for planting of Publication No. CN105557270A Introduction To Cn Patent, its
It is characterised by：Milpa of the fertile sandy loam of selection open ground, not ponding as bletilla, preceding stubble are grass family, Solanaceae or ten
Zi Hua sections crops；The basal dressing during site preparation；It is seedling from saddle-shape bletilla tissue culture seedling stem, is sprouted by bletilla seed asepsis
Hair cultivates tissue culture bulb, the saddle-shape bletilla tissue culture seedling stem through more than the ㎝ 2-3 bifurcateds of acclimatization culture total length 3；When suitably planting
Between be the 3-7 months, or 9-12 months, by seeding row spacing 25-30 ㎝ × 25-30 ㎝ drillings, mu seedling 5500-6500 strains；In field management
In, annual 3~August tillage and weeding 3~5 times；6~August avoids direct sunlight；Keep milpa not ponding；Spread fertilizer over the fields with reference to intertillage
Stalk ash content soil 200-250kg/ mus impose composite fertilizer 2-3 times every year, and each dosage 15-25kg/ mus, winter spreads fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer
1 time, dosage 400-500kg/ mus；Harvested after saddle-shape bletilla tissue culture seedling stem plantation 2-5.
A kind of interplanting method of sealwort bletilla of Publication No. CN105766358A Introduction To Cn Patent, including following step
Suddenly：(1) field arranges：Select height above sea level section 400-700m Wannan mountainous area, draining is good, fertile sticky subacidity soil, rich
Sand loam and dark and damp plot containing humus, more than plowed soils 20cm, every mu applies decomposed dung or compost 1500
~2000kg, ploughs under and makees base manure in soil, before plantation, then ploughs shallowly 1 time, then whole carefully to rake；Whole good ground open it is wide by 0.8~
1.2m, high 20~40cm railway carriage or compartment；(2) choose seeds：Selection life then adopts damage the wounded as kind with old stalk and tender shoots, free from insect pests, nothing
Seedling is planted, it is standby that seedling by every piece of upper 1~2 bud is cut into fritter by the seedling chosen；(3) plant：1. the plantation of bletilla：
By line-spacing be 30cm on the face of railway carriage or compartment, nest away from the plantation nest that depth is 10cm is dug for 30cm, then nest bottom is flattened, by every nest 2~4
Individual stem tuber plantation, then covering fertile soil makes it be flushed with railway carriage or compartment face, pours the livestock and poultry liquid dung for not having solids once；2. the kind of sealwort
Plant：12~18cm of spacing in the rows is pressed between the Planting Row Distance of bletilla, 26~30cm of line-spacing opens cave, the deep 8~12cm in cave, by the vacation with tender shoots
Bulb bud mouth is outwards put in cave bottom, is applied fertilizer after cultivation, and flattens railway carriage or compartment face, then earthing and furrow face are flat i.e. after 1 layer of barnyard manure of lid or plant ash
Can；(4) sunshade net is set：Sunshade net is set in plantation railway carriage or compartment face Shang Lixiang faces 50cm high places, arrives the rate of sheltering from heat or light during fine day
50%；(5) field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Tillage and weeding, annual 4 times, intertillage shallow will be uprooted every time, in case hindering bud hinders root,
Milpa will often keep moistening, and meet the watering in time of weather arid；During 7-9 month arids, a water is respectively poured sooner or later；Rainy season is each
Thin ditch excludes unnecessary ponding in time after heavy rain, avoids rotten；Bletilla is manurial-philous, tillage and weeding should be combined, every year using biological bacteria
Fertile top dressing 3-4 times；Spreaded manuer in holes in disease with biological pesticide, or diseased plant is extracted.
A kind of bletilla of Publication No. CN104067800A Introduction To Cn Patent and evodia rutaecarpa intercropping plant method, including
Following steps：(1) selection of soil：Moisten fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, it is basic in neutral sand loam or
Garden mould；(2) site preparation：First winter in year ploughs deeply 30cm, and 1.5m opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；(3) choosing of Bletilla striata medicinal materials kind is interplanted
Select：For evodia rutaecarpa height in 2.5-8m, rate of sheltering from heat or light growth selection phase and the bletilla basic same period or is longer than bletilla growth 70~90%
The evodia rutaecarpa kind of phase；(4) plantation of evodia rutaecarpa medicinal material：According to 90% kind of evodia rutaecarpa plant field planting amount plant, spacing in the rows with
Field production is consistent, and line-spacing is wider than field production by 10%, to ensure that bletilla grows the requirement to sunlight, succeeding planting, plants season
Section carries the previous year than bletilla sowing season；(5) method of transplanting seedlings of bletilla：The cake fertilizer crossed through composting is applied, added cake fertilizer is cake-shaped rape seed dregs：
Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, then admix through composting or the farmyard manure burnt, every mu applies 1000~2000kg wherein containing decomposed mistake
150~200kg of cake fertilizer, slowly pour it is permeable, choosing height 0.5~1.0cm healthy and strong no disease and pests harm bletilla kind transplantation of seedlings, in railway carriage or compartment
Planted on face using hedge planting or nest, the railway carriage or compartment length direction with opening railway carriage or compartment is vertical to be started, line-spacing 20-26cm, and the nest on row is away from 14-20cm, often
Row plants 5 nests, per 1 seedling stem of nest or 1 seedling；The growing point of bletilla seedling stem is in soil during plantation, need upwards or with overburden soil into
35-80 ° of angle；(6) weeding and fertilising：With reference to the management of evodia rutaecarpa and bletilla, see that grass just pulls out, apply Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Spreaded manuer in holes in disease with biological pesticide, or diseased plant is extracted；(8) rich water quality management：Every mu applies 1：3 people and animals
1000~1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so；(9) management in next year bletilla growth period：Late March~early April, in vain
And emerge again, after full stand, every mu applies 1：3 people and animals liquid dung 1000kg, per minor tick 30 days or so, remove weeds；(10) it is secondary
The management in evodia rutaecarpa growth period in year：Chased after after annual first batch of flower harvesting and spray Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae；(11) bletilla harvests：Receive
The bletilla of 5 years or so is cut, falls after seedling October, is excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant, remainder
Soil is cleaned, removes fibrous root, harvests bletilla；(12) harvest of evodia rutaecarpa：The season harvested according to evodia rutaecarpa harvests in time.
A kind of set cultivating method of bletilla and Xuancheng's pawpaw of Publication No. CN103348854A Introduction To Cn Patent, including with
Lower step：1) selection of planting site：Select that fertile, soil layer is deep, loose and well-drained sandy soil territory or humus soil
Territory, winter plough deeply 25cm, flatten soil；2) selection of bletilla seedling and Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling：From high-quality Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling, highly exist
50cm~100cm, growth period and the bletilla same period or the Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling for being longer than bletilla growth period；3) plantation of Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling：November
Part is according to 80% kind of plant of the Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling field planting amount, and spacing in the rows is consistent with field production, and line-spacing is wider than field production
15%, planting season carries the previous year than bletilla seedling sowing season；4) plantation of bletilla seedling：When Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling growing height exists
60cm, every mu applies 1200~1800kg rape cakes and 220~250kg people storage excrement, and the depth that depth is 7cm is in the ranks opened between strain
Ditch, selection is highly 0.6~0.9cm bletilla seedling, in the ranks being planted between strain for Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling, bletilla seedling and Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling
It is spaced 16~18cm；5) weeding and fertilising：3~September of Second Year carries out 5~6 weedings, grows into forest and carries out 4 weedings, carries out simultaneously
3~4 top dressings；6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：If it find that bletilla black spot occurs, in sick cave with 80% thiophanate methyl WP
1200 times of liquid spray 1 time for every 10 days, continuous to spray 3 times, if it find that Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling gray mold occurs, with 1:1 Bordeaux mixture
Spray 2 times weekly, even spray 4 weeks；7) rich water quality management：Apply people for every mu and store 1600~2000kg of excrement, every minor tick 30 days, keep soil
While moistening, using buried drain and high ridge draining, the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 6cm to be advisable；8) management in bletilla growth period：
March next year, bletilla seedling are emerged again, are applied people for every mu and are stored excrement 1200kg, every minor tick 30 days, while weeding；9) harvest of bletilla：
Bletilla by cultivation in 5 years can be harvested, and when stem is withered on the ground, bletilla is excavated, cuts the root tuber of gemma
Kind of a use is done, remainder, which is cleaned to dry, to be used as medicine；10) harvest of Xuancheng's pawpaw：The season harvested according to Xuancheng's pawpaw harvests, sold in time
Sell；11) implantation methods again of bletilla：Carry out site preparation by step 1), every mu apply 1000~1500kg rape cakes and 100~
150kg people stores excrement, slowly watering, and the zanjon that depth is 7cm is in the ranks opened between strain, selects bletilla kind of the height for 0.6~0.9cm
Seedling, in the ranks being planted between strain for Xuancheng's pawpaw seedling, bletilla seedling and 16~18cm of Xuancheng's pawpaw interval；12) by step 4), 5), 6),
7), 8), 9) bletilla is managed, harvests bletilla.It is above-mentioned that underwood planting bletilla is carried out using shrubs such as pawpaw, evodia rutaecarpas, it is right
It is unfavorable partly to like cloudy bletilla.
A kind of bletilla of Publication No. CN103348847A Introduction To Cn Patent efficiently covers cultivating method, step bag with purple perilla
Include：(1) selection of soil：Moisten the sand loam or garden mould that fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, is substantially in neutrality；
(2) site preparation：First winter in year ploughs deeply 25cm, and 1.2m opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；(3) selection of purple perilla medicinal material kind：Purple perilla height
In 20~80cm, for rate of sheltering from heat or light 40~50%, growth period is with the bletilla basic same period or is longer than the purple perilla kind in bletilla growth period；
(4) bletilla lepisphere stem is handled：The lepisphere stem excavated in 4-10 months carries out root and goes the aerial stem of plant to handle, and is lain in and taken shelter from rain
On the sandy soil for having certain illumination, then a certain amount of sandy soil of dispenser, for control temperature at 20-25 DEG C, humidity reaches 60-75%；(5) it is white
And method of transplanting seedlings：The cake fertilizer crossed through composting is applied during site preparation, added cake fertilizer is cake-shaped rape seed dregs：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, then
Admix through composting or the farmyard manure burnt, every mu of application 1000~2000kg wherein 150~200kg of cake fertilizer containing decomposed mistake, delay
Slowly pour permeable, the deep flat ditches of 5cm are in the ranks opened between strain, choosing is with bud head, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm between mid-January-late January
Bletilla seedling is planted, and every mu of seedling dosage is in 3000-5000 strains or so；(6) plantation of purple perilla medicinal material：To broadcast sowing purple perilla kind
Submethod carries out field planting to purple perilla, broadcasts sowing a certain amount of purple perilla seed, season of sowing enters in annual late Febuary-early March
OK；(7) weeding and fertilising：With reference to the management of purple perilla and bletilla, see that grass just pulls out, separated in time applies fertilizer needed for medicinal material；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Bletilla black spot occurs, and is sprayed in sick cave with 70% thiophanate methyl WP, 1000 times of liquid, or
Diseased plant is extracted, root-knot nematode harm is filled with 3% carbofuran Granules applies basin soil；(9) rich water quality management：Every mu applies 1：3 people and animals
1000~1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so；May enters rainy season, timely ditch cleaning draining, should such as prolonged drought
Watering in time, the good place of condition, which can pour into water, encloses in ditch, permeable 1 evening, and 1 evening referred to from 6 points of evening to 8 points of next day, after will
Water discharges, and the depth of water can apply fertilizer purple perilla together to be advisable less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm, during fertilising, and operation is easier, reduces recruitment；
(10) picking method of purple perilla：When purple perilla grows into 10-14 leaves, the purple perilla around bletilla plant is reduced using removal method
20%-30% purple perilla seedling, other purple perilla seedlings carry out extracing top 2-3 piece leaves to it, after the perilla leaf of harvesting is carried out together
Phase working process；(11) management of purple perilla reproduction period and bletilla bulb expanding stage：During into 8-9 months, purple perilla is bloomed and bletilla
Bulb expanding stage basic synchronization is carried out, and no longer carries out harvesting perilla leaf, and chase after and spray 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea
200kg, while ensure moisture, the good place of condition, which can pour into water, encloses in ditch, permeable 1 evening, and 1 evening referred to from 6 points of evening to next
Days 8 points, after water is discharged, the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm to be advisable；(12) management in next year bletilla and purple perilla growth period：3 below the moon
Ten days~early April, bletilla and purple perilla are emerged again, after full stand, often apply 1：3 people and animals liquid dung 1000kg, per 30 days left sides of minor tick
The right side, remove weeds；(13) bletilla harvests：Bletilla by cultivation in 5 years or so can carry out receipts digging, fall after seedling October, on the ground
Stem excavates when withered, and the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section is dried or dried
It is used as medicine；(14) harvest of purple perilla：The season harvested according to purple perilla harvests, sold in time；(15) implantation methods again of bletilla：Press
Walk poly- (2) and carry out site preparation, apply the cake fertilizer crossed through composting, added cake fertilizer is cake-shaped rape seed dregs：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, then admix through composting
Or the farmyard manure burnt, every mu application 1000~2000kg wherein 150~200kg of cake fertilizer containing decomposed mistake, slowly pour it is permeable, OK
Between the deep flat ditches of 5cm are opened between strain, select the band luxuriant root tuber of healthy and strong no disease and pests harm, every mu with kind 3000-5000 with a sprout tuber root
Left and right；(16) bletilla is managed by step poly- (7), (8), (9), (11), (12), harvest bletilla is carried out by (13).This method is adopted
Bletilla is sheltered from heat or light with purple perilla, and effect is poor, and particularly purple perilla has been decayed under strong sunshine condition, and effect of sheltering from heat or light is not acted to bletilla,
The susceptible rust of other purple perilla, difficulty is increased to bletilla blade control rust.
A kind of Publication No. CN102577814A Introduction To Cn Patent efficient set cultivating method of honeysuckle and bletilla, step
Suddenly include：(1) selection of soil：Moisten sand loam or the garden that fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, is substantially in neutrality
Soil；(2) site preparation：First winter in year ploughs deeply 30cm, and 1.5m opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；(3) selection of Bletilla striata medicinal materials kind is interplanted：
For tree honeysuckle height in 50~100cm, rate of sheltering from heat or light growth period and the bletilla basic same period or is longer than bletilla growth 70~90%
The gold and silver flower variety of phase；(4) plantation of traditional Chinese medicine honeysuckle：According to 90% kind of plant of the honeysuckle plant field planting amount, spacing in the rows
Consistent with field production, line-spacing is wider than field production by 10%, to ensure that bletilla grows the requirement to sunlight, succeeding planting, plantation
Season carries the previous year than bletilla sowing season；(5) method of transplanting seedlings of bletilla：When honeysuckle growing height reaches 50cm or so, apply
Enter the cake fertilizer (cake-shaped rape seed dregs crossed through composting：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, admix the pre- insect-pest of tea seed cake energy) farmyard manure is mixed (through composting or burning
Cross, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ), every mu applies 1000~2000kg (150~200kg of cake fertilizer containing decomposed mistake),
Slowly pour permeable, in the ranks open the deep flat ditches of 5cm between strain, choosing height 0.5~1.0cm healthy and strong no disease and pests harm seedling,
Honeysuckle is in the ranks transplanted between strain by 5~7cm apart from interaction triangular in shape, does not transplant seedlings, is easy in honeysuckle radius 15cm
The management of honeysuckle, every mu with 3000 plants or so of seedling；(6) weeding and fertilising：With reference to the management of honeysuckle and paris polyphylla, see
Grass just pulls out, and separated in time applies fertilizer needed for medicinal material；(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：With reference to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of honeysuckle, suitably
Low toxicity, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual are sprayed, if it find that bletilla black spot occurs, in sick cave with 70% thiophanate methyl WP
1000 times of liquid sprinklings, or diseased plant is extracted；If it find that root-knot nematode harm is filled with 3% carbofuran Granules applies basin soil；(8)
Rich water quality management：Every mu applies 1：3 people and animals 1000~1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so, May entered rainy season, timely
Ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, it should water in time, the good place of condition, which can pour into water, encloses in ditch, permeable (6 points of evening in 1 evening
To 8 points of next day) after water is discharged, the depth of water can apply fertilizer honeysuckle together to be advisable less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm, during fertilising, and operation is more
Simplicity, reduce recruitment；(9) management in next year bletilla growth period：Late March~early April, bletilla are emerged again, after full stand, often
Mu applies 1：3 people and animals liquid dung 1000kg, per minor tick 30 days or so, remove weeds；(10) management in secondary Flos Lonicerae growth period：
Chased after after annual first batch of flower harvesting and spray 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea 200kg, per minor tick 10 days or so；(11) it is white
And harvest：Bletilla by cultivation in 5 years or so can be gathered in, and fall after seedling October, excavated, cut when stem is withered on the ground
The root tuber of luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section, which is dried or dried, is used as medicine；(12) receipts of honeysuckle
Obtain：The season harvested according to honeysuckle harvests, sold in time；(13) implantation methods again of bletilla：Carried out by step poly- (2) whole
Ground, apply the cake fertilizer (cake-shaped rape seed dregs crossed through composting：Tea oil residule 3：1 or 2：1, admix the pre- insect-pest of tea seed cake energy) farmyard manure is mixed (through composting
Or burnt, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and germ), every mu apply 1000~2000kg (cake fertilizer 150 containing decomposed mistake~
200kg), slowly pour permeable, in the ranks open the deep flat ditches of 5cm between strain, healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of the choosing height in 0.5~1.0cm
Band luxuriant root tuber, kind in the ranks is put apart from interaction triangular in shape by 5~7cm between strain in honeysuckle, apart from honeysuckle radius 15cm
Interior dead beat kind, is easy to the management of honeysuckle, and every mu with 3000 root tubers of kind or so；(14) by walk poly- (6), (7), (8), (9),
(10) bletilla is managed, harvests bletilla.The method plantation honeysuckle early growth speed it is slow, effect of sheltering from heat or light to bletilla compared with
Difference, easily cause bletilla early ageing, and cause phenomenon of sheltering from heat or light entirely to bletilla in the middle and later periods, for the bletilla for half-and-half liking sun, bletilla stem tuber
Increase slow.
The efficient set of a kind of paris polyphylla of Publication No. CN103270873A Introduction To Cn Patent and cogongrass cliff berry is planted
Method, its specific steps include：(1) selection of soil：Moisten that fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, basic in neutral
Sand loam or garden mould, preceding stubble can be grass and crucifer, and preceding stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae；(2) site preparation：
First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；(3) cogongrass cliff berry cuttage and seedling culture：Wild cogongrass cliff berry branch is taken to exist
10~40cm, after carrying out 30~60min of immersion with rooting powder solution, by the cogongrass cliff berry branch cutting after processing in nursery sand soil bed
On, humidity is 70~80%, 23~27 DEG C of cultivation temperature, daily illumination 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, raw after 3 months
Root rate can reach more than 90%；(4) paris polyphylla nursery：Paris polyphylla tissue-cultured seedling is obtained using published tissue culture method
Or published paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising method carries out nursery, obtained paris polyphylla seedling simultaneously carries out dense planting, uses
It is standby that organic fermentation fertilizer carries out sunshade net cultivation；(5) method of transplanting seedlings of cogongrass cliff berry：Or so annual 3~April is according to spacing in the rows
After crop field is transplanted in 100cm, line-spacing 100cm requirement, June to September is covered with two layers of sunshade net, and is entered using dropper mode
Row moisturizing；(6) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：With reference to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of paris polyphylla, it is found that paris polyphylla virosis occurs, in disease
5% bacterium water cleaning agent of cave, or diseased plant is extracted；If it find that 90% crystallization metrifonate 800~1000 of chafer harm
Times liquid, spray 1 time within every 5~7 days, even spray 2~3 times；(7) weeding and rich water quality management：See that grass just pulls out, separated in time applies Mao Yan
Fertilizer needed for the certain kind of berries, every mu applies 1：3 fermentation people and animals 1000~1500kg of liquid dung, per minor tick 30 days or so, May entered rainy season,
Timely ditch cleaning draining to be wanted, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition, which can pour into water, encloses in ditch, and permeable 1
Evening, from 6 points of evening to 8 points of next day after water is discharged, the depth of water less than the cm of railway carriage or compartment face 5 to be advisable；Can be by paris polyphylla one during fertilising
Fertilising is played, operation is easier, reduces recruitment；(8) management of next year cogongrass cliff berry：Late March~early April, cogongrass cliff berry are sent out again
After bud, every mu applies 1：3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000kg, per minor tick 30 days or so, remove weeds；(9) cogongrass cliff berry pipe is plucked
Reason：Annual late June~early September later, harvesting cogongrass cliff berry make compared with old leaf piece for cogongrass cliff berry tealeaves, pluck cogongrass cliff berry leaf
Every mu applies 1 after piece：The kg of 3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000, per minor tick 30 days or so, removes weeds；(10) cogongrass cliff berry control is opened
Floral tube is managed：Carry out within 3 years handling cogongrass cliff berry plant per minor tick, after cogongrass cliff berry blade is plucked, expect without fertilising, and carry out
Growth promotion solution is sprayed, every mu of sprinkling 50kg, per minor tick 10 days or so, sprinkling was three times；(11) management of moisture：(10) step
Suddenly after having handled, to be ditched again at from cogongrass cliff berry plant 30-35cm, ditch depth is in more than 50cm, in addition without keeping the skin wet,
Taken shelter from rain when raining using plastic covering, being removed plastics to or so next year the middle ten days in March takes shelter from rain measure；(12) seven leaves
A flower is transplanted and rich water quality management：After (11) step process is complete, seven biennial leaves are obtained using the method for culturing seedlings of (4) step
A flower rhizome bud, is placed into the ditch that (11) step is opened, and is covered with organic fermentation fertilizer, is carried out by (7) step normal
Rich water quality management is advised, cogongrass cliff berry harvesting management is carried out by (9) step；(13) paris polyphylla harvests：By seven leaves one of growth in 3 years
Branch flower harvests paris polyphylla rhizome when (11) step is ditched, and cuts the paris polyphylla luxuriant with root and saves backup, is used for
Plantation next time.The method is to have very much using comprehensive growth of the mode to ombrophyte (paris polyphylla) of sheltering from heat or light of cogongrass cliff berry
Profit, but it is very big half-and-half to like cloudy half sun plant (bletilla) speed of growth influence.
Although various regions have carried out artificial growth to bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata and bletilla at present
Cultivation technique is still immature, but also without the method suitable for large-scale production, without fundamentally solution bletilla growth period
It is short, the root growth phase is short, yields poorly, recruitment cost is high, the key techniques such as pest and disease damage harm is serious.Ampelopsis grossdentata is easily opened
Flower, need to put up a shed frame the problems such as, have no at present bletilla and other medicinal material kinds reasonably combined, managerial coordination and fertilizer, water,
Complementation in sunlight demand.
The content of the invention
The technical solution adopted by the present invention includes：The selection of planting soil, site preparation requirement, the selection of Bletilla striata medicinal materials kind will
Ask, the seed seedling-raising of Bletilla striata medicinal materials and plantation, the method for transplanting of ampelopsis grossdentata, the selection of fertilizer and fertilizing method, pest and disease damage
Preventing and treating, water management, harvest, bletilla repeat nursery implantation methods.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of method that bletilla nursery is planted with ampelopsis grossdentata set, and specific steps include as follows：
(1) selection of soil：Moisten sand loam or the garden that fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, is substantially in neutrality
Soil；
(2) site preparation：First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；
(3) ampelopsis grossdentata is transplanted：When the tendril length of ampelopsis grossdentata seedling reaches 45~55cm, apply what is crossed through composting
Cake fertilizer 150~200kg/ mus, slowly pour permeable, then transplant 150~200 plants/acre of ampelopsis grossdentata seedlings, and put up frame with bamboo bar,
High 1.5~the 2.5m of frame；
(4) plantation of Bletilla striata medicinal materials：Ampelopsis grossdentata transplantation of seedlings more than 3 years, early January~mid-February, broadcasts sowing vernalization
Bletilla seed afterwards, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, every 3 days spray A nutrient solutions 200~
250kg/ mus, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, B nutrient solution 150~200kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding：With reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with bletilla
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, low toxicity, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual are suitably sprayed, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs if finding, in sick cave with 70%
The 1000 times of liquid sprinklings of thiophanate methyl WP, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode 3% Furadan particle of harm
Agent, which fills, applies basin soil；
(6) rich water quality management：Into May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, condition is good
Place, which can pour into water, encloses in ditch, discharges water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 points to next day 8 points), the depth of water using less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm as
Preferably, 1 is applied within 30 days or so per minor tick：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000~1500kg/ mus；
(7) management in next year bletilla growth period：Late March~early April, bletilla are emerged again, after full stand, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, remove weeds；
(8) management of next year ampelopsis grossdentata：I.e. top dressing 3~5 after annual late March~late April harvesting part tender shoots
Secondary, per minor tick 10 days or so, annual June~September harvested part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, with the rate of sheltering from heat or light
Reach 75~85% to be defined.
(9) bletilla harvests：Bletilla by cultivation in 6 years or so can be gathered in, and fall after seedling October, and stem is withered on the ground
Excavated when withering, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section, which is dried or dried, is used as medicine；
(10) bletilla next round is planted：Early January~mid-February, bletilla seed after vernalization is broadcasted sowing, ensure that railway carriage or compartment face is wet daily
Profit, waits to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, sprayed A nutrient solution 200~250kg/ mus every 3 days, waits to grow the small after seedling of three leaves,
B nutrient solution 150~200kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days；
(11) management of ampelopsis grossdentata and bletilla：Into after May, bletilla management carries out liquid manure by step poly- (5) and (6)
And pest management, ampelopsis grossdentata management are managed by poly- (8) are walked.
In a specific embodiment, walk cake fertilizer described in poly- (3) and refer to that cake-shaped rape seed dregs mixes with tea oil residule, wherein ratio is
3：1 or 2：1, in addition cake fertilizer can also mix farmyard manure, miscellaneous fertilizers refers to through composting or burnt, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and disease
Bacterium.
In a specific embodiment, top dressing described in poly- (8) is walked to refer to spray 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea
150~250kg/ mus.
In a specific embodiment, walk obtained in poly- (8) ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots and leaf can directly tea making or
Drying is as extraction raw material.
In a specific embodiment, the method for walking vernalization bletilla seed described in poly- (4) and (10) is with bletilla kind
After son water-soaked, temperature is sheltered from heat or light vernalization 5~8 days at 20~25 DEG C or so with shade net, after seed greening, then with 1 times of leaf
Leaven carries out 2~5min of immersion, wherein the water is to add KH2PO4 40mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 10mg/L、
ZnSO4·7H2O 10mg/L、NaMo4·2H2O 1mg/L、CuSO4·5H2O 0.1mg/L、CoCl2·6H2O 0.2mg/L。
The formula of the nutrient solution is as follows：
A nutrient solution prescriptions：30mg/L KH2PO4、3mg/L KI、20mg/L H3BO3、60mg/L MnSO4·4H2O、
50mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、1mg/L NaMo4·2H2O、0.4mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.2mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、
50mg/L FeSO4·7H2O、0.3mg/L GA3、0.2mg/LNAA；
B nutrient solution prescriptions：90mg/L KNO3、40mg/L MgSO4·7H2O、40mg/L KH2PO4、30mg/L
H3BO3、 40mg/L MnSO4·4H2O、50mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.2mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.2mg/L CoCl2·
6H2O、60mg/L FeSO4·7H2O、0.1mg/L GA3、0.3mg/LNAA。
Technique effect
1st, cost of the present invention substantially reduces, and remarkable benefit improves；
(1) management cost is reduced, two kinds of medicinal materials are completed in same management program, do not increase management recruitment；Increase
The economic benefit of unit area is added, two kinds of economic medicinal materials has been harvested simultaneously during same plot, same management；
(2) rich water resource-sharing：Save fertilizer and use water；
(3) high yield saving of labor：Due to using domestic animal getting fat, promote the growth of rhizome and expand, reduce the hair of underground pest and disease damage
It is raw, reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals.
2nd, ampelopsis grossdentata can shelter from heat or light for bletilla well, retain water and nutrients, and good growth ring is provided for bletilla growth
Border, the environment simulate the ecosystem excellent environment of bletilla substantially.
3rd, ampelopsis grossdentata can effectively prevent bletilla blade from virus disease occurs, and also effectively prevent caused by fertilizer abundance
Ampelopsis grossdentata is bloomed.
4th, using the good growing environment that ampelopsis grossdentata is bletilla seed seedling offer after vernalization, bletilla seed is reduced
Warmhouse booth is needed to carry out the requirement of nursery.
Embodiment
The essentiality content of the present invention is further illustrated with the embodiment of the present invention below, but this is not limited with this
Invention.
Embodiment 1
On request after selection of land and site preparation, the cake fertilizer 200kg/ mus crossed through composting are applied, slowly pour permeable, select ampelopsis grossdentata
The tendril length of seedling reaches 50cm, and 150 plants/acre of ampelopsis grossdentata seedlings are transplanted in early March.2m or so framves are taken with bamboo bar, when aobvious
After tooth porcelain ampelopsis transplantation of seedlings 4 years, late January, bletilla seed after vernalization is broadcasted sowing, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow a piece of leaf
Small after seedling, every 3 days spray A nutrient solution 250kg/ mus, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, sprayed every 5 days one time No. B battalion
Nutrient solution 150kg/ mus.
With reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of bletilla, suitably spray low
Poison, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, if finding, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs, in sick cave with 70% thiophanate methyl WP 1000
The sprinkling of times liquid, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode harm is filled with 3% carbofuran Granules applies basin soil.
Into after May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition can incite somebody to action
Water, which pours into, to be enclosed in ditch, is discharged water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 points to next day 8 points), the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm to be advisable, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1500kg/ mus.
Late March~early April of Second Year after bletilla seed is broadcasted sowing, bletilla is emerged again, after full stand, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, remove weeds.
It is top dressing 5 times after annual late March~late April harvesting part ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots, per 10 days left sides of minor tick
The right side, annual June~September harvest part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, reach 85% by the rate of sheltering from heat or light and be defined.
Bletilla by cultivation in 6 years or so can be gathered in, and fall after seedling October, excavated, cut when stem is withered on the ground
The root tuber for having luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section, which is dried or dried, is used as medicine；Mid-February, broadcast sowing
Bletilla seed after vernalization, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, every 3 days spray A nutrient solutions 220
Kg/ mus, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, a B nutrient solution 180kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days.
Into after May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition can incite somebody to action
Water, which pours into, to be enclosed in ditch, is discharged water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 points to next day 8 points), the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm to be advisable, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, with reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with white
And the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, suitably spray low toxicity, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs if finding, is used in sick cave
70% 1000 times of thiophanate methyl WP liquid sprays, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode 3% furans of harm
Red granule, which fills, applies basin soil.
It is top dressing 5 times after annual late March~late April harvesting part ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots, per 10 days left sides of minor tick
The right side, annual June~September harvest part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, reach 85% by the rate of sheltering from heat or light and be defined.Obtained
Obtaining ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots and leaf directly tea making or drying can be used as extraction raw material.
Embodiment 2
On request after selection of land and site preparation, the cake fertilizer 180kg/ mus crossed through composting are applied, slowly pour permeable, select ampelopsis grossdentata
The tendril length of seedling reaches 45cm, and 200 plants/acre of ampelopsis grossdentata seedlings are transplanted in early March.2m or so framves are taken with bamboo bar, when aobvious
After tooth porcelain ampelopsis transplantation of seedlings 4 years, late January, bletilla seed after vernalization is broadcasted sowing, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow a piece of leaf
Small after seedling, every 3 days spray A nutrient solution 250kg/ mus, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, sprayed every 5 days one time No. B battalion
Nutrient solution 150kg/ mus.
With reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of bletilla, suitably spray low
Poison, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, if finding, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs, in sick cave with 70% thiophanate methyl WP 1000
The sprinkling of times liquid, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode harm is filled with 3% carbofuran Granules applies basin soil.
Into after May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition can incite somebody to action
Water, which pours into, to be enclosed in ditch, is discharged water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 points to next day 8 points), the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm to be advisable, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1500kg/ mus.
Late March~early April of Second Year after bletilla seed is broadcasted sowing, bletilla is emerged again, after full stand, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, remove weeds.
It is top dressing 5 times after annual late March~late April harvesting part ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots, per 10 days left sides of minor tick
The right side, annual June~September harvest part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, reach 85% by the rate of sheltering from heat or light and be defined.
Bletilla by cultivation in 6 years or so can be gathered in, and fall after seedling October, excavated, cut when stem is withered on the ground
The root tuber for having luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section, which is dried or dried, is used as medicine；Mid-February, broadcast sowing
Bletilla seed after vernalization, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, every 3 days spray A nutrient solutions 220
Kg/ mus, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, a B nutrient solution 180kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days.
Into after May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition can incite somebody to action
Water, which pours into, to be enclosed in ditch, is discharged water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 points to next day 8 points), the depth of water less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm to be advisable, per minor tick
Apply 1 within 30 days or so：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, with reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with white
And the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, suitably spray low toxicity, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs if finding, is used in sick cave
70% 1000 times of thiophanate methyl WP liquid sprays, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode 3% furans of harm
Red granule, which fills, applies basin soil.
It is top dressing 5 times after annual late March~late April harvesting part ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots, per 10 days left sides of minor tick
The right side, annual June~September harvest part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, reach 85% by the rate of sheltering from heat or light and be defined.Obtained
Obtaining ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots and leaf directly tea making or drying can be used as extraction raw material.
Claims (6)
1. the present invention provides a kind of method that bletilla nursery is planted with ampelopsis grossdentata set, specific steps include as follows：
(1) selection of soil：Moisten the sand loam or garden mould that fertile, retain water and nutrients power is strong, quality is loose, is substantially in neutrality；
(2) site preparation：First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully to rake；
(3) ampelopsis grossdentata is transplanted：When the tendril length of ampelopsis grossdentata seedling reaches 45~55cm, the cake fertilizer crossed through composting is applied
150~200kg/ mus, slowly pour permeable, then transplant 150~200 plants/acre of ampelopsis grossdentata seedlings, and put up frame with bamboo bar, and frame is high
1.5~2.5m；
(4) plantation of Bletilla striata medicinal materials：Ampelopsis grossdentata transplantation of seedlings more than 3 years, early January~mid-February, broadcast sowing white after vernalization
And seed, ensure railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily, wait to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, spray A nutrient solution 200~250kg/ mus every 3 days,
Wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, B nutrient solution 150~200kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding：With reference to the management of bletilla and ampelopsis grossdentata, see that grass just pulls out, in conjunction with the disease pest of bletilla
Evil preventing and treating, suitably sprays low toxicity, the agricultural chemicals of low-residual, if finding, ampelopsis grossdentata black spot occurs, in sick cave with 70% methyl
The 1000 times of liquid sprinklings of thiophanate WP, or diseased plant is extracted；It was found that root-knot nematode harm is filled with 3% carbofuran Granules
Apply basin soil；
(6) rich water quality management：Into May, timely ditch cleaning draining, such as prolonged drought, should be watered in time, the good place of condition
Water can be poured into and enclosed in ditch, discharge water after permeable 1 evening, the depth of water is applied for 30 days or so with being advisable less than railway carriage or compartment face 5cm per minor tick
Enter 1：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000~1500kg/ mus；
(7) management in next year bletilla growth period：Late March~early April, bletilla are emerged again, after full stand, every minor tick 30 days
Left and right applies 1：3 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg/ mus, remove weeds；
(8) management of next year ampelopsis grossdentata：It is top dressing 3~5 times after annual late March~late April harvesting part tender shoots, often
Minor tick 10 days or so, annual June~September are harvested part cane leaves according to ampelopsis grossdentata leaf density case, reached with the rate of sheltering from heat or light
75~85% are defined；
(9) bletilla harvests：Bletilla by cultivation in 6 years or so can be gathered in, and fall after seedling October, when stem is withered on the ground
Excavate, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as kind, and remainder cleans soil, removes fibrous root, and section, which is dried or dried, is used as medicine；
(10) bletilla next round is planted：Early January~mid-February, bletilla seed after vernalization is broadcasted sowing, ensures railway carriage or compartment face moistening daily,
Wait to grow the small after seedling of a piece of leaf, sprayed A nutrient solution 200~250kg/ mus every 3 days, wait to grow the small after seedling of three leaves, often
B nutrient solution 150~200kg/ mus were sprayed every 5 days；
(11) management of ampelopsis grossdentata and bletilla：Into after May, bletilla management carries out liquid manure and disease by step poly- (5) and (6)
Pest management, ampelopsis grossdentata management are managed by poly- (8) are walked.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein walking poly- (3) cake fertilizer refers to that cake-shaped rape seed dregs mixes with tea oil residule, wherein ratio is
3：1 or 2：1, in addition cake fertilizer can also mix farmyard manure, miscellaneous fertilizers refers to through composting or burnt, to kill weed seed, worm's ovum and disease
Bacterium.
3. method according to claim 1, refer to spray 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea wherein walking poly- (8) top dressing
150~250kg/ mus.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein walking poly- (8) obtains ampelopsis grossdentata tender shoots and leaf can directly tea making or baking
It is dry to be used as extraction raw material.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein the method for walking poly- (4) and (10) the vernalization bletilla seed is with bletilla seed
After water-soaked, temperature is sheltered from heat or light vernalization 5~8 days at 20~25 DEG C or so with shade net, after seed greening, then with 1 times of blade face
Fertilizer carries out 2~5min of immersion, wherein the water is to add KH2PO4 40mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 10mg/L、ZnSO4·
7H2O 10mg/L、NaMo4·2H2O 1mg/L、CuSO4·5H2O 0.1mg/L、CoCl2·6H2O 0.2mg/L。
6. method according to claim 1, wherein the formula for walking nutrient solution described in poly- (4) and (10) is as follows：
A nutrient solution prescriptions：30mg/L KH2PO4、3mg/L KI、20mg/L H3BO3、60mg/L MnSO4·4H2O、50mg/L
ZnSO4·7H2O、1mg/L NaMo4·2H2O、0.4mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.2mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、50mg/L
FeSO4·7H2O、0.3mg/L GA3、0.2mg/LNAA；
B nutrient solution prescriptions：90mg/L KNO3、40mg/L MgSO4·7H2O、40mg/L KH2PO4、30mg/L H3BO3、
40mg/L MnSO4·4H2O、50mg/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.2mg/L CuSO4·5H2O、0.2mg/L CoCl2·6H2O、
60mg/L FeSO4·7H2O、0.1mg/L GA3、0.3mg/LNAA。
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| CN107896851A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-13 | 遵义医学院 | A kind of live fast numerous method of bletilla earth culture |
| CN108575622A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-09-28 | 刘雅文 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla striata and chaenomeles speciosa nakai |
| CN108901552A (en) * | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-30 | 张家界顺利生态药业专业合作社 | A kind of cultivation method for increasing of pawpaw interplanting ampelopsis grossdentata |
| CN110073933A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-02 | 澜沧良宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla and polygonatum kingianurn |
| CN110226483A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-13 | 云南省林木种苗工作总站(云南省林木种苗花卉产品质量监督检验站) | A kind of polygonatum kingianurn method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN103548649A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-02-05 | 重庆示展科技发展中心 | Bletilla striata and grape organic compound farm |
| CN104957019A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-07 | 四川农业大学 | Seedling strengthening nutrient solution for bletilla tissue culture seedling, nutrient composition and seedling strengthening method |
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| CN102577814A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 董爱文 | High-efficiency interplanting method of honeysuckle and hyacinth bletilla |
| CN103404341A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 陕西师范大学 | Direct seeding propagation method for Bletilla Striata in greenhouses |
| CN103548649A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-02-05 | 重庆示展科技发展中心 | Bletilla striata and grape organic compound farm |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107896851A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-13 | 遵义医学院 | A kind of live fast numerous method of bletilla earth culture |
| CN108575622A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-09-28 | 刘雅文 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla striata and chaenomeles speciosa nakai |
| CN108901552A (en) * | 2018-07-07 | 2018-11-30 | 张家界顺利生态药业专业合作社 | A kind of cultivation method for increasing of pawpaw interplanting ampelopsis grossdentata |
| CN110073933A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-02 | 澜沧良宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla and polygonatum kingianurn |
| CN110226483A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-13 | 云南省林木种苗工作总站(云南省林木种苗花卉产品质量监督检验站) | A kind of polygonatum kingianurn method for culturing seedlings |
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