CN105746323A - Soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo L. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo L.. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of preparation of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer liquid, culture trough building, variety selection, seed treatment, strong seedling culture, transplanting, field management, disease and pest control and harvesting. Straw-fermented fertilizer is adopted for culture in the whole process, and production of nutritive, high-quality, safe and environment-friendly organic vegetables and the soilless culture technology are combined. The measures of dynamic and circular fertilizer supply, continuous fermentation and timely liquid fertilizer recovery are taken. The method has the advantages that the fertilizer utilization rate is high and production controllability is high, and continuous, high-quality and efficient production of organic cucurbita pepo L.is achieved. The method is suitable for being adopted by vegetable growers in planting cucurbita pepo L.in protected land, has high economic value and is an organic planting method which is efficient, practical and low in cost.

Description

A kind of soilless culture method of organic Cucurbita pepo L.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L., belong to field of agricultural cultivation.

Background technology

Cucurbita pepo L. (formal name used at school: CucurbitapepoL.) call: hay melon, white melon, Fructus Caricae, american pumpkin, the little melon in Yunnan, snake melon, nettle melon, March melon.Belong to Cucurbitaceae (Cucurbitaceae), Cucurbita, originate in south, North America, modern extensively cultivation.It is about late Ming & early Qing, with foreign trade during 16th century, is with incoming China, the sturdy liana of annual herbaceous stem (overgrowing) from Zhejiang, Fujian one, has short life, partly overgrow, three big strains of overgrowing；Cucurbita pepo L. contains more vitamin C, other nutrient substance such as glucose, especially the content of calcium is high, different cultivars every 100g edible part (fresh weight) nutrition content is as follows: protein 0.6-0.9g, fat 0.1-0.2g, cellulose 0.8-0.9g, saccharide 2.5-3.3g, carotene 20-40 microgram, Catergen .5-9 milligram, calcium 22-29 milligram.Cucurbita pepo L., rich in moisture, has the effect of moist skin.Fresh Cucurbita pepo L. is absinthe-green, and taste is delicious with its same delicate fragrance of color；Cucurbita pepo L. regulates body metabolism, has effect of fat-reducing, anti-cancer and cancer-preventing, the nutrient substance such as Cucurbita pepo L. contains more vitamin C, glucose, and especially the content of calcium is high, and, Cucurbita pepo L., rich in moisture, has the effect of moist skin；The traditional Chinese medical science thinks that Cucurbita pepo L. has clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and relieving restlessness is quenched the thirst, nourishing the lung to arrest cough, the function of dispersing swelling and dissipating binds；Can be used for auxiliary treatment edema abdominal distention, excessive thirst, sore and nephritis, the disease such as cirrhotic ascites；The inducer that Cucurbita pepo L. contains a kind of interferon can stimulate body to produce interferon, improves immunity, can play the effect of antiviral and tumor.Cucurbita pepo L., rich in moisture, has the effect of moist skin；Current China many employings chamber planting Cucurbita pepo L., exists and takes a lot of work, and wastes liquid manure, and the problem such as heavily occurs soil-borne disease, seriously constrains increasing peasant income, causes agricultural environment pollution.

Summary of the invention

For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. soilless culture method, the technical scheme taked is as follows: including the preparation of organic fertilizer ground substance, cultivation bed is built, Fruit variety, seed treatment, nurturing staff, survival after transplant, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, listing of gathering.

Described fertilizer substrate preparation: the raw material of fertilizer substrate is with straw, and chicken manure etc. ferments for primary raw material；Bean cake, plant ash, the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer adds, and utilizes the feature of fungal component to carry out early stage low temperature fermentation and the later stage becomes thoroughly decomposed or system fermentation of irritating；The fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed is decomposed by planting season and ferments, and the management phase sprays clear water, biogas slurry, and mineral extracts leachate, collects the organic fertilizer obtaining different content；Organic fertilizer nutrient is comprehensive, easy-regulating, and fertilizer efficiency is balanced, easily supplements, it is possible to meet Cucurbita pepo L. different times growth needs, will rub a straw and within 2 months, carry out harmless treatment before planting, by straw 50 to 80, chicken manure 30 to 10, other organic empty 20-10；Adding biogas slurry, soybean cake soak is mixed wet, piles up, plastic covering film so that it is fully fermentation maturity；In yeast phase heap, temperature is up to more than 60 DEG C, can effectively kill in farm manure with disease pest and weed, and the fertilizer after processing easily absorbs by vegetable, and pH value is advisable with 6-6.5, fully loads in cultivation bed after mixing.

Described cultivation bed is built: build into cultivation bed with Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii on heliogreenhouse ground；The polyethylene film of paving 1 slice width lm in groove；The extending direction gradient is 0.005, and two is open；The spacing 70cm of flute length 10-20m, internal diameter 48cm, stromal thickness 15-20cm, groove and groove；Building pond in greenhouse, every groove lays 1 dropper；Fruit variety: select low temperature resistant, the low light level, high yield, disease-resistant type pumpkin variety.

Described seed treatment: volume is equivalent to 70-80 DEG C of hot-water soak seed 5-10s of seed volume 3 times, then pulls out to put in cooling water by seed and cleans up；Seed is soaked 20 minutes with 10% tertiary sodium phosphate, or puts into immersion 10-15 minute in the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5%-1%, then wash down with clear water.

Described nurturing staff: selecting the warm sunny morning that the organic matter become thoroughly decomposed in advance is loaded hole tray, described organic seedling raising matrix composition is straw, chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses, and the weight portion of each composition siccative of perlite is: straw 70 to 80；Chicken manure 10 to 20；Seedling medium peat composed of rotten mosses perlite 1:1；The multiple raw material timely and appropriate discoveries such as bean cake, plant ash, biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer are added to 10 to 20；When stromal surface shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, keep the skin wet；When the growth of cereal crop seedlings shows fertility deficiency, impose the fertilizer of dilution.It is sown into seed after irrigating clear water；Cover seedling medium 1-2cm；Day temperature 25-28 DEG C after emerging, night 17-20 DEG C；5d before field planting, is gradually increased ventilation, seedling exercising of lowering the temperature；Survival after transplant: 15-20d before field planting, tight closure booth carries out vexed canopy sterilization about the 10d of high temperature.

The weight portion of each composition siccative of described organic culture substrate is: straw 50 to 60；Chicken manure 30；Seedling medium peat composed of rotten mosses perlite 1:1, bean cake, plant ash, the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer is added to 20 to 10；When stromal surface shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, keep the skin wet；When the growth of cereal crop seedlings shows fertility deficiency, impose the organic fertilizer of dilution.

Described survival after transplant: by spacing in the rows 45-50cm field planting, adopts triangle field planting method between duplicate rows；Irrigate field planting water, make root stick together and be combined with substrate, in order to growth of seedling；Field management: before the severe winter, booth maintains 25-30 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C；Between the severe winter, based on insulation, noon on daytime is of short duration when reaching 30 DEG C puts little wind, improves nocturnal temperature with the accumulated temperature on daytime, and night, minimum temperature was maintained at 8-10 DEG C；Temperature starts to add a cover straw screen or mat when dropping to 8 DEG C from mid-November, cloudy snow sky straw mat adds a cover old film, to improve canopy temperature；After March, temperature went up, by daytime thermophilic 25-30 DEG C, management night 15-18 DEG C；Every day to regulate humiture in canopy by the opening and closing mouth that leaks informaton, when after May, illumination is excessively strong, temperature is too high, it is possible on canopy, straw screen or mat is added a cover or shading screen is lowered the temperature in interval；Fill little water after field planting, keep root substrate to moisten.After root melon is sat, carry out the 1st time topdress, impose organic fertilizer；1 liquid fertilizer special is imposed every 15d before by the end of January；After February, along with temperature gradually rises, plant enters result and contains the phase, and topdressing amount may gradually increase；Water after fertilising, season severe winter Controlled irrigation, every 10-15d waters 1 time.Start to enrich CO2 gas from early February fertile, yield can be effectively improved.After bearing fruit, every 3d waters 1 time, remains substrate moisture state；After watering when canopy temperature rises to 28 DEG C, open air port dehumidifying；When chance the moon snow sky or canopy humidity are bigger；It addition, Cucurbita pepo L. is maximum with potassium to the demand of N P and K, the contour potassium fertilizer of plant ash can be imposed in peak of growing season；French gourd melon is climing when growing to 20cm, hangs climing in time.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: 1) utilize sunshade net, vegetable is protected by fly net；The parasite killing such as frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp are installed；Hanging yellow haftplatte in greenhouse, trap and kill trialeurodes vaporariorum, dive otitid in America, alatae；Also can manual removal；2) Biological control artificial propagation, release, introduce predator；It can in addition contain with the various polyhedrosis virus prevention and elimination of disease and pests of Bacillus thuringiensis；3) medical treatment is if desired, and tunable utilizes medical treatment；Calx, sulfur, Bordeaux mixture preventing and treating vegetable multiple diseases can be used；The material preventing and treating vegetable fungal diseases such as the soft soap suppressing crop fungal disease, galenical, vinegar can be used；Can using rotenone, the pyrethrin of plant origin with limitation, prosparol and kieselguhr carry out parasite killing；4) summer high temperature is utilized season booth to be carried out the cleaning of falling canopy, stifling stewing canopy.

Described listing of gathering: be typically in Post flowering 25-20d and gather.

Beneficial effect of the present invention

The solution have the advantages that, adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L., taking a lot of work of solving that Cucurbita pepo L. traditional cultivation and Soilless Culture Methods exist is bothersome, cost is high, the not easily problem such as operation, contaminated environment；The same period can improve yield 20%, it is achieved the Cucurbita pepo L. anniversary plants；The organic vegetable marketization making mouthfeel good taste positive is possibly realized.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the effectiveness comparison of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention should not be limited by the examples.

General planting technology embodiment 1: the preparation of nurturing staff employing organic substrate hole plate seedling growth organic substrate ratio by weight is the Pepper stalk after becoming thoroughly decomposed: useless mushroom slag: zeolite powder: jade powder=100: the ratio of 50: 20:1 is mixed to get compound；By every 1m3 compound adds 50% carbendazol wettable powder 200g, Radix Isatidis powder 5g, being simultaneously introduced 1:1:1 N P and K NPK 1kg, boric acid 15g gram, manganese chloride 10 grams, copper chloride 0.6 gram, ammonium molybdate 0.3 gram and 2 grams of zinc sulfate are puddled uniformly, namely obtain substrate；Sowing, broadcasts first 5-7 days and builds seedling raising greenhouse, and the black sunshade net adding a cover 65% shading rate shades；nullSowing in 27-29 days before field planting，Nursery temperature is 25-35 DEG C，Before sowing, seed is put in the potassium permanganate solution of 0.1-0.15% and soak 10-15 minute，Place in the warm water of 23-25 DEG C and soak seed 3-5 hour，Period changes water 1-2 time，Then pick up，After rinsing well with clear water，After adopting microwave treatment 3-4min again，Wrap with wet gauze and be placed in incubator accelerating germination，Seed when 70% show money or valuables one carries unintentionally bud time can sow,First the substrate in hole tray is watered vola water，Water ooze lower after spread one layer with substrate is thin，Levelling hole tray surface matrix，Then by seed sowing to hole tray hole，After planting cover substrate 0.8cm-1.0cm，Hole tray covers 1 layer of mulch film，Temperature 28-33 DEG C is kept before emerging，After emerging in good time aeration-cooling，In order to avoid causing rice shoot excessive growth，Temperature rests in 23-25 DEG C and is advisable；When rice shoot grows to 2 leaf 1 hearts constantly, a day field planting can be selected；(3) field planting cultivation field arranges cultivation field and should deep plough in advance, and carries out the 1-2 month adopting the vexed canopy of high temperature to process before field planting；Every mu applies Chicken dung 4000-5000kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 25 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 50 kilograms, potassium sulfate 30 kilograms, 1 kilogram of zinc sulfate, soil conditioner 8-10kg, Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide 1-2 kilogram, rotary tillage is implemented after sprinkling evenly, the thin leveling of rake again, bedding of ditching, make the East and West direction cultivating bed of wide 1.8-2.0 rice, high 15-20cm, and it is empty to reserve operation ditch and suitable booth limit between the furrow of wide 30-50cm, the 8-10 days scaffolding vexed canopies of buckle film before field planting；In good time survival after transplant selects have this varietal characteristic, Seedling amount reaches 2 leaf 1 hearts, strong sprout without pest and disease damage, cave field planting is opened by seeding row spacing by 43 × 80cm seeding row spacing at dusk in choosing cloudy day about 10 days August or fine day, and irrigate in time and determine root water, after work in 3-5 days, the flat cave of harmony of earthing up again root, in the ranks lay micro-irrigation flexible pipe in furrow face, covering film also puts Seedling in time；4) cultivation management is according to weather conditions and plant growing way appearance, by the opening and closing of booth, carry out thermophilic management and Illumination adjusting, and live in the field planting of plant, the first key point such as fruit phase, swollen fruit mid-term, implementing to topdress in conjunction with micro drip-irrigation, the florescence implements artificial supplementary pollination；Training manage climing Cucurbita pepo L. stretch climing after should prune in time, take double; two climing pruning method, as main climing long 60cm, 1 healthy and strong lateral bine of selecting and remain at 3-5 joint place, extract all the other lateral bines；Melon removes sick leaf, Lao Ye, sick branch, weak branch after occupying stably；Guide the relatively low one side of furrow into by climing when drawing climing, must not arbitrarily stir when drawing climing, not turn round climing；Rich water quality management carry out when the climing long 30-40cm of Cucurbita pepo L. in the work such as weeding, ridging, transplant latter 7 days and execute slow seed manure, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, add water to water with carbamide 5kg/ mu and execute；Melon egg executes carbamide 8kg/ mu, NPK 10kg/ mu time big, execute 1 time after 7 days again, executes carbamide and each 8kg/ mu of potassium sulfate every time, rationally should water according to the fresh and tender degree of leaf color after gathering, and Cucurbita pepo L. should stop watering before plucking for 7-10 days；(5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control adopts crop rotation, shines the agricultural measures such as ridge, disease-resistant variety, applying organic manure；Adopt the physical measure such as the vexed canopy of high temperature, black film weeding, colour table and light trap；In conjunction with necessary chemical prevention, carry out comprehensive innoxious insect pest preventing and controlling, the high poison persistent pesticide of disabling；(6) gather: in early and middle ten days in October, be typically in thanking spend after within 17～20 days, carry out gathering of first melon；Rural area, harmless treatment straw stalk and discarded mulch film should be cleaned in time after gathering.2. booth field pumpkin cultivation method according to claim 1.

The embodiment of the present invention 2

1) substrate preparation: straw rubbing, need to carry out harmless treatment in 2 months before executing, by straw 50 to 80, chicken manure 30 to 10, other organic empty 20-10；Add biogas slurry, soybean cake soak mix wet, pile up, plastic covering film so that it is fully fermentation maturity.In yeast phase heap, temperature is up to more than 60 DEG C, and the time of banking up, temperature early stage 25-30 DEG C, the later stage was maintained at 60-65 DEG C more than 60 days；The organic matter become thoroughly decomposed sprays clear water by circulating, biogas slurry, and mineral extract leachate, obtains organic fertilizer after collection.Organic fertilizer nutrient is comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is balanced, is beneficial to plant absorption.Biogas residue and biogas liquid contains trace element, provides required nutritional labeling for plant growing.In addition, also having many biological active substanceies in biogas slurry, crop growthing development is had regulating and controlling effect by them, and crop pest is had preventive and therapeutic effect；PH value, with 6-6.5, fully loads in cultivation bed after mixing；

2) cultivation bed is built: on heliogreenhouse ground, cultivation bed built into by direct Rhizoma Begoniae Willsonii；The polyethylene film of paving 1 slice width lm in groove；The extending direction gradient is 0.005, and two is open；The spacing 70cm of flute length 8m, internal diameter 4cm, stromal thickness 15-20cm, groove and groove；Building the pond of 3-4=cubic meter in greenhouse, every groove lays 1 dropper；

3) Fruit variety: the bumpkin hybrid kind that in selection, ripe disease resistance is strong；

4) seed treatment: volume is equivalent to 70-80 DEG C of hot-water soak seed 5-10s of seed volume 3 times, then seed is pulled out and put in cooling water；Seed is soaked 20 minutes with 10% tertiary sodium phosphate, or puts into immersion 10-15 minute in the potassium permanganate solution of 0.5%-1%, then wash down with clear water；

5) nurturing staff: selecting in advance through sterilization, equipped with the hole tray of organic substrate, will be sown into seed after irrigating clear water the warm sunny morning, the degree of depth is about lcm, 1, every cave seed；Day temperature 25-28 DEG C after emerging, night 17-20 DEG C；Within about 1 week, water 1 organic fertilizer；Increase with seedling plants, and 2 Seedlings of time-division；5d before field planting, is gradually increased ventilation, seedling exercising of lowering the temperature；

6) survival after transplant: 15-20d before field planting, tight closure booth carries out vexed canopy sterilization about the 10d of high temperature；By spacing in the rows 45-50cm field planting, between duplicate rows, adopt triangle field planting method；Irrigate field planting water, make root stick together and be combined with substrate, in order to growth of seedling；

7) field management: before the severe winter, booth maintains 25-30 DEG C daytime, night 15-17 DEG C；Between the severe winter, based on insulation, noon on daytime is of short duration when reaching 30 DEG C puts little wind, improves nocturnal temperature with the accumulated temperature on daytime, and night, minimum temperature was maintained at 8-10 DEG C；Temperature starts to add a cover straw screen or mat when dropping to 8 DEG C from mid-November, cloudy snow sky straw mat adds a cover old film, to improve canopy temperature；After March, temperature went up, by thermophilic 25-30 DEG C on daytime, management night 15-18 DEG C；Every day to regulate humiture in canopy by the opening and closing mouth that leaks informaton, when after May, illumination is excessively strong, temperature is too high, it is possible on canopy, straw screen or mat is added a cover or shading screen is lowered the temperature in interval；After field planting 1 week starts to pour water, and keeps root substrate to moisten.After root melon is sat, carry out the 1st time topdress, apply the special organic fertilizer of soilless culture；1 special fertilizer is imposed every 15d before by the end of January；After February, along with temperature gradually rises, plant enters result and contains the phase, and topdressing amount can increase；Water after fertilising, season severe winter Controlled irrigation, every 10-15d waters 1 time.Start to enrich CO2 gas from early February fertile, yield can be effectively improved.After bearing fruit, the little water of every 3d waters 1 time, and drip 1-2h every time, remains substrate moisture state；After watering when canopy temperature rises to 28 DEG C, open air port dehumidifying；When chance the moon snow sky or canopy humidity are bigger；It addition, the demand of N P and K can be imposed the contour potassic fertilizer of plant ash in peak of growing season at most with potassium by Cucurbita pepo L.；French gourd melon is climing when growing to 20cm, hangs climing in time；

8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: utilizing sunshade net, vegetable is protected by fly net；The parasite killing such as frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp are installed；Hanging yellow haftplatte in greenhouse, trap and kill trialeurodes vaporariorum, dive otitid in America, alatae；Also can manual removal；Biological control artificial propagation, release, introduce predator；It can in addition contain with the various polyhedrosis virus prevention and elimination of disease and pests of Bacillus thuringiensis;If desired, tunable utilizes medical treatment to medical treatment；Calx, sulfur, Bordeaux mixture preventing and treating vegetable multiple diseases can be used；The material preventing and treating vegetable fungal diseases such as the soft soap suppressing crop fungal disease, galenical, vinegar can be used；Can using rotenone, the pyrethrin of plant origin with limitation, prosparol and kieselguhr carry out parasite killing；Summer high temperature is utilized season booth to be carried out the cleaning of falling canopy, stifling stewing canopy；Summer high temperature is utilized season booth to carry out the cleaning of falling canopy, stifling stewing canopy；

9) gather listing: being typically in Post flowering 25-20d and gather, such quality is better, it is possible to anniversary organic production.

Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 effect being compared, comparative result is as shown in Figure 1.

As can be seen from Figure 1, cultivate with embodiment 1(traditional method) compared with, method provided by the present invention (embodiment 2), it is significantly better than that traditional method (embodiment 1) in water consumption, time, yield, quality, income etc., being significantly better than existing method on cultivation management, output increased, when management cost does not increase simultaneously, add the income of Cucurbita pepo L., it is possible to realize the purpose of water saving, saving of labor, high yield potentiation.Be a kind of efficiently, organic implantation methods of practical, low cost.

Although the present invention is with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not limited to the present invention, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can doing various change and modification, therefore protection scope of the present invention should with being as the criterion that claims define.

Claims (12)

1. the soilless culture method of an organic Cucurbita pepo L., the invention discloses a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. soilless culture method, to not carrying out chemically treated not genetically modified Cucurbita pepo L. seed disinfection, whole process utilize the fermentation maturities such as straw after fertilizer do substrate culture and leachate pouring；The production of the organic vegetable of eutrophy, high-quality and safety and environmental protection and cultivation technique without soil are combined；Adopt dynamic circulation fertilizer and reclaim liquid fertilizer measure in good time；The slow releasing of fertilizer and vegetable nutrient being absorbed quantitative change combine period, bean cake, plant ash, the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer adds, and utilizes the feature of fungal component to carry out early stage low temperature fermentation, and the later stage becomes thoroughly decomposed and continues system fermentation of irritating；The fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed is by last decomposition and fermenting again planting season, and management phase timely and appropriate discovery supplements and sprays clear water, and biogas slurry, mineral extracts leachate etc., collects the organic fertilizer of acquisition Different Nutrients content；Overcome the conventional soil plantation organic vegetable transition period long, production site is required strict, organic fertilizer application and the problem such as pest control is difficult, it is achieved that the anniversary of organic vegetable continues high-quality and efficient production.

2. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, is characterized in that early-stage preparations: booth planted agent is without exposed soil, and seedling raising greenhouse or shed are carried out pasteurised completely process by the outer fly net all standing of booth.

3. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, is characterized in that sowing: is uniformly distributed the thick fertilizer seedling medium of 15-20cm in nursery furrow, after planting covers 1cm seedling medium again.

4. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, is characterized in that fertilizer seedling medium raw material is for rubbing a straw, cicken feces dried etc., it is desirable to the peat composed of rotten mosses, and perlite 1:1 is only used for sowing, and covers fertilizer surface after transplanting；When stromal surface shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, keep the skin wet；When the growth of cereal crop seedlings shows fertility deficiency, impose the fertilizer of dilution.

5. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that restrain the growth of seedlings when Cucurbita pepo L. Seedling reaches standard, survival after transplant, by spacing in the rows 45-50cm field planting, between duplicate rows, adopt triangle field planting method；Cultivation matrix in cultivating pool, changes before transplanting every time in good time；Lower hollow, is beneficial to interpolation or discharge and regulates organic fertilizer height.

6. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Cucurbita pepo L. in the cultivation bed being planted in cultivation booth is carried out cultivation management, including irrigating, fertilising, Plant adjustment；Irrigate, adopt sprinkling irrigation and organic fertilizer alternate intersection to irrigate；Fertilising, uses organic fertilizer, and the concentration of fertilizer is carried out fuzzy quantitative；Organic fertilizer used meets regulation in organic products standard GB/T/T19630.1-2011；Plant adjustment, adopts temperature, and humidity regulation vegetable produces.

7. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before liquid fertilizer uses and after collecting, can pass through the management of liquid fertilizer fuzzy dynamic and determine the suitable degree of liquid fertilizer concentration；It is beneficial to better recycling, after each watering, fertilizing 0.5-2 hour, starts to collect solution；Guarantee that culture medium is in most of time to see and dry see wet condition, be beneficial to root growth, control the growth of plant appropriateness.

8. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that observe root, stem and leaf growing state, it is determined that suitable concentration, supplements clear water, bean cake, plant ash in time, and the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer adds adjustment.

9. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nursery fertilizer substrate, the weight portion of each composition siccative is: straw 70 to 80；Chicken manure 20 to 10；Bean cake, plant ash, the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer is added to 0-10.

10. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fertilizer substrate, it is chicken manure, rubs a straw and carry out heap preparing high-temp and become thoroughly decomposed, time of banking up, temperature early stage kept 25-30 DEG C, is beneficial to breeding of fungal component more than 60 days；Later stage is maintained at 60-65 DEG C, and high temperature sterilization becomes thoroughly decomposed；The organic matter become thoroughly decomposed sprays clear water by circulating, biogas slurry, and mineral extract leachate etc., obtains organic fertilizer after collection；Organic fertilizer nutrient is comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is balanced, is beneficial to plant absorption.

11. the soilless culture method of a kind of organic Cucurbita pepo L. according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each composition of described cultivation matrix, weight portion for siccative: straw 50 to 60, chicken manure 30-20, bean cake, plant ash, the multiple raw material timely and appropriate discovery such as biogas slurry and mineral fertilizer is added to 20-10.

12.PowerProfit requires 1 insect pest preventing and controlling stated, it is characterised in that 1) utilize sunshade net, vegetable is protected by fly net；The parasite killing such as frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp are installed；Hanging yellow haftplatte in greenhouse, trap and kill trialeurodes vaporariorum, dive otitid in America, alatae；Also can manual removal；2) Biological control artificial propagation, release, introduce predator；It can in addition contain with the various polyhedrosis virus prevention and elimination of disease and pests of Bacillus thuringiensis；3) medical treatment is if desired, and tunable utilizes medical treatment；The material preventing and treating vegetable fungal diseases such as the soft soap suppressing crop fungal disease, galenical, vinegar can be used；Can using rotenone, the pyrethrin of plant origin with limitation, prosparol and kieselguhr carry out parasite killing；4) summer high temperature is utilized season booth to be carried out the cleaning of falling canopy, stifling stewing canopy.