CN106688863A - Soilless culture method for organic summer squash - Google Patents
Soilless culture method for organic summer squash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106688863A CN106688863A CN201710026084.XA CN201710026084A CN106688863A CN 106688863 A CN106688863 A CN 106688863A CN 201710026084 A CN201710026084 A CN 201710026084A CN 106688863 A CN106688863 A CN 106688863A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention provides a soilless culture method for organic summer squash, and relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation. The soilless culture method comprises the following steps: preparation of a culture medium, construction of cultivation beds, seed treatment, culture of seedlings, planting and field management. After the seeds are treated by microwaves, germination rate and rate of survival of the seeds are increased, plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, raw materials which are extensive in source are used for preparing the nutritional medium, sufficient nutrients are supplied for growth of the summer squash, and yield and quality of the summer squash are improved. Soilless culture is adopted, the problem that an agricultural environment is polluted in traditional culture of the summer squash is solved, and harm of soil-borne diseases is reduced to a great extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo.
Background technology
Cucurbita pepo, alias hay melon, white melon, pumpkin, winter squash belong to Curcurbitaceae Cucurbita, originate in North America south, modern to plant extensively
Training, the annual sturdy liana of herbaceous stem (overgrowing), have short life, partly overgrow, three big strains of overgrowing.Cucurbita pepo contain more vitamin C,
Other nutriments such as glucose, especially the content of calcium is high.Different cultivars is per 100g edible part (fresh weight) nutriment
Content is as follows：Protein 0.6-0.9g, fatty 0.1-0.2g, cellulose 0.8-0.9g, carbohydrate 2.5-3.3g, carrotene 20-40
Microgram, Catergen .5-9 milligrams, calcium 22-29 milligrams；And quench the thirst with reducing fever and causing diuresis, relieving restlessness, moisten the lung and relieve the cough, dispersing swelling and dissipating binds etc.
Curative effect.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo.
To realize object above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, comprises the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By stalk, poultry argol, vinasse, bagasse, megasse, corncob, potato, useless mushroom
Slag, soya-bean cake carry out coarse crushing, add water drenched, build heap, cover plastics film fermentation 20-25d, then the 3-5d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed with common brick on the ground, groove 20-25cm high, interior
Footpath 45-50cm, flute length 15-20m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 70-75cm, groove, then in upper one layer of laying
River sand, lays one layer of woven bag on sand, culture matrix is filled on woven bag, and 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and are preheated under low temperature
60-90s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 2-3h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 10-15min, takes out,
Cleaned up with clear water, being wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization, stirs daily once, it is half several when having
Sowed when son shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers again
One layer of vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 5-7d pours a water, is applied with water
Liquid dung fertilizer；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 45-50cm will be poured
It is permeable；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling,
A water is poured every 5-7d, special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 20-25d, impose special fertilizer once per 10-12d afterwards, control temperature on daytime
It is 22-26 DEG C to spend, 10-14 DEG C of night, and it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, the climing length of french gourd melon that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing during to 20-25cm and extract lateral bud in time, insect is prevented and treated with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp during whole plantation,
Common Diseases are prevented and treated with botanical pesticide.
Preferably, the step 1) in culture matrix the weight portion of each raw material be：Stalk 15-25 parts, poultry argol 30-
40 parts, vinasse 5-10 parts, bagasse 4-8 parts, megasse 5-10 parts, corncob 2-6 parts, potato 2-5 parts, useless 2-5 parts of mushroom slag,
Soya-bean cake 5-10 parts；
Preferably, the step 2) in culture matrix be filled into 3/4 groove eminence of cultivation bed.
Preferably, the step 3) in germination temperature be 28-30 DEG C.
Preferably, the step 6) in apply special fertilizer amount every time be every plant of 10-20g.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：The invention provides a kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, by microwave treatment
Promote its germination percentage and survival rate after seed, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage, and nutrition is prepared using the raw material of wide material sources
Matrix, the nutrient of abundance is provided for cucurbita pepo growth, improves the yield and quality of cucurbita pepo, and uses soilless culture, is solved
Determine the problem of agricultural environment pollution in cucurbita pepo traditional cultivation, largely reduced the harm of soil-borne disease.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, comprises the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By 20 parts of stalk, 35 parts of poultry argol, 8 parts of vinasse, 7 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of megasse, jade
4 parts of core of rice, 5 parts of potato, useless 3 parts of mushroom slag, 8 parts of soya-bean cake carry out coarse crushing, add water drenched, build heap, cover plastics film fermentation
22d, then the 5d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed, groove 24cm high, internal diameter with common brick on the ground
48cm, flute length 20m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 70cm, groove, then in one layer of river sand of upper laying, sand upper berth
If one layer of woven bag, 3/4 groove eminence of culture matrix to cultivation bed is filled on woven bag, 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and are preheated under low temperature
70s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 2.5h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 12min, takes out, and uses clear water
Clean up, wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization at 28 DEG C, stirs daily once, when there is half
Sowed when seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers again
One layer of vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 6d pours a water, and excrement is applied with water
Liquid manure；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 45cm will be irrigated
Water；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling,
A water is poured every 7d, special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 22d, every plant of 15g imposes special fertilizer once per 10d afterwards, every plant of 15g, control
Day temperature processed is 22-26 DEG C, 10-14 DEG C of night, and it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, western calabash that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing when the climing length of reed melon is to 20-25cm and extract lateral bud in time, with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp to insect during whole plantation
Prevented and treated, Common Diseases are prevented and treated with botanical pesticide.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, comprises the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By 22 parts of stalk, 37 parts of poultry argol, 7 parts of vinasse, 6 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of megasse, jade
5 parts of core of rice, 4 parts of potato, useless 4 parts of mushroom slag, 7 parts of soya-bean cake carry out coarse crushing, add water drenched, build heap, cover plastics film fermentation
24d, then the 4d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed, groove 24cm high, internal diameter with common brick on the ground
50cm, flute length 18m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 72cm, groove, then in one layer of river sand of upper laying, sand upper berth
If one layer of woven bag, 3/4 groove eminence of culture matrix to cultivation bed is filled on woven bag, 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and are preheated under low temperature
80s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 2.5h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 10min, takes out, and uses clear water
Clean up, wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization at 29 DEG C, stirs daily once, when there is half
Sowed when seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers again
One layer of vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 7d pours a water, and excrement is applied with water
Liquid manure；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 48cm will be irrigated
Water；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling,
A water is poured every 6d, special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 20d, every plant of 10g imposes special fertilizer once per 11d afterwards, every plant of 15g, control
Day temperature processed is 22-26 DEG C, 10-14 DEG C of night, and it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, western calabash that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing when the climing length of reed melon is to 20-25cm and extract lateral bud in time, with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp to insect during whole plantation
Prevented and treated, Common Diseases are prevented and treated with botanical pesticide.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, comprises the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By 25 parts of stalk, 30 parts of poultry argol, 10 parts of vinasse, 4 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of megasse,
2 parts of corncob, 5 parts of potato, useless 2 parts of mushroom slag, 10 parts of soya-bean cake carry out coarse crushing, add water drenched, build heap, cover plastics film fermentation
25d, then the 5d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed, groove 20cm high, internal diameter with common brick on the ground
45cm, flute length 15m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 75cm, groove, then in one layer of river sand of upper laying, sand upper berth
If one layer of woven bag, 3/4 groove eminence of culture matrix to cultivation bed is filled on woven bag, 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and are preheated under low temperature
60s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 2h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 10min, takes out, clear with clear water
Wash clean, wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization at 28 DEG C, stirs daily once, half several when having
Sowed when son shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers again
One layer of vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 5d pours a water, and excrement is applied with water
Liquid manure；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 50cm will be irrigated
Water；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling,
A water is poured every 5d, special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 25d, every plant of 10g imposes special fertilizer once per 12d afterwards, every plant of 20g, control
Day temperature processed is 22-26 DEG C, 10-14 DEG C of night, and it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, western calabash that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing when the climing length of reed melon is to 20-25cm and extract lateral bud in time, with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp to insect during whole plantation
Prevented and treated, Common Diseases are prevented and treated with botanical pesticide.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, comprises the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By 15 parts of stalk, 40 parts of poultry argol, 5 parts of vinasse, 8 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of megasse, jade
6 parts of core of rice, 2 parts of potato, useless 5 parts of mushroom slag, 5 parts of soya-bean cake carry out coarse crushing, add water drenched, build heap, cover plastics film fermentation
20d, then the 3d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed, groove 25cm high, internal diameter with common brick on the ground
50cm, flute length 20m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 70cm, groove, then in one layer of river sand of upper laying, sand upper berth
If one layer of woven bag, 3/4 groove eminence of culture matrix to cultivation bed is filled on woven bag, 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and are preheated under low temperature
90s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 3h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 15min, takes out, clear with clear water
Wash clean, wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization at 30 DEG C, stirs daily once, half several when having
Sowed when son shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers again
One layer of vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 7d pours a water, and excrement is applied with water
Liquid manure；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 45cm will be irrigated
Water；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling,
A water is poured every 7d, special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 20d, every plant of 20g imposes special fertilizer once per 10d afterwards, every plant of 20g, control
Day temperature processed is 22-26 DEG C, 10-14 DEG C of night, and it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, western calabash that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing when the climing length of reed melon is to 20-25cm and extract lateral bud in time, with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp to insect during whole plantation
Prevented and treated, Common Diseases are prevented and treated with botanical pesticide.
It should be noted that herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to a reality
Body or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or deposited between operating
In any this actual relation or order.And, term " including ", "comprising" or its any other variant be intended to
Nonexcludability is included, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of key elements not only will including those
Element, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or also include being this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there is other identical element in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention has been described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Replace, do not make the spirit and scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of appropriate technical solution.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) culture matrix is prepared：By stalk, poultry argol, vinasse, bagasse, megasse, corncob, potato, useless mushroom slag, beans
Cake carries out coarse crushing, adds water drenched, builds heap, covers plastics film fermentation 20-25d, then the 3-5d that is exposed to the sun in the sun；
2) cultivation bed is built：Selection daylight abundance region, builds into cultivation bed, groove 20-25cm high, internal diameter with common brick on the ground
45-50cm, flute length 15-20m, the spacing between groove are 1 layer of plastic sheeting of laying in 70-75cm, groove, then in one layer of river of upper laying
Sand, lays one layer of woven bag on sand, culture matrix is filled on woven bag, and 1 dropper is laid per groove；
3) Seed Treatment：Selection full grains, undamaged cucurbita pepo seed, put it into micro-wave oven and preheat 60- under low temperature
90s, is then placed in clear water and soaks 2-3h, is then placed in 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaks 10-15min, takes out, with clear
Water is cleaned up, and being wrapped to be put into germinating box with clean wet gauze kerchief carries out vernalization, stirs daily once, is revealed when there is half seed
Sowed when white；
4) nursery：Seed is sown into the hole tray equipped with seedling medium, often 1, cave seed, after planting earthing, top layer covers one layer again
Vermiculite, wetting of watering controls day temperature for 25-28 DEG C after emerging, 16-18 DEG C of night, 5-7d pours a water, and liquid dung is applied with water
Fertilizer；
5) it is colonized：Length there is into the Seeding planting of 3-4 piece true leaves in cultivation bed, 2 rows will be colonized per groove, spacing in the rows 45-50cm will be irrigated
Water；
6) field management：It is 25-30 DEG C that day temperature is controlled during slow seedling, and at 15-18 DEG C of night, control is watered after slow seedling, every
5-7d pours a water, and special fertilizer is imposed after field planting 20-25d, imposes special fertilizer once per 10-12d afterwards, controls the day temperature to be
22-26 DEG C, at 10-14 DEG C of night, it is 25-28 DEG C, 13-16 DEG C of night, the climing length of french gourd melon to 20- that day temperature is controlled after seat melon
Hang climing during 25cm and extract lateral bud in time, insect is prevented and treated with Yellow sticky trap and black light lamp during whole plantation, with plant
Material resource agricultural chemicals is prevented and treated Common Diseases.
2. the soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in culture medium
The weight portion of each raw material is in matter：Stalk 15-25 parts, 30-40 parts of poultry argol, vinasse 5-10 parts, bagasse 4-8 parts, beet
Slag 5-10 parts, corncob 2-6 parts, potato 2-5 parts, useless 2-5 parts, soya-bean cake 5-10 parts of mushroom slag.
3. the soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 2) in culture medium
Matter is filled into 3/4 groove eminence of cultivation bed.
4. the soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 3) in vernalization temperature
Spend is 28-30 DEG C.
5. the soilless culture method of organic cucurbita pepo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 6) in apply every time
Special fertilizer amount is every plant of 10-20g.
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| CN108476879A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-09-04 | 金华市胤宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cucurbita pepo implantation methods |
| CN109892199A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-18 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十二师农业科学研究所 | The method of field pumpkin cultivation matrix and cultivation is cultivated under a kind of heliogreenhouse |
| CN110934046A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-03-31 | 甘肃同兴农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating summer squash seedlings by using farmer manure pile mixed soil |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108476879A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-09-04 | 金华市胤宏农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cucurbita pepo implantation methods |
| CN109892199A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-18 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十二师农业科学研究所 | The method of field pumpkin cultivation matrix and cultivation is cultivated under a kind of heliogreenhouse |
| CN113229101A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-08-10 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十二师农业科学研究所 | Fermented mushroom substrate waste material, culture substrate based on fermented mushroom substrate waste material and application of culture substrate |
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