CN104396489A - Cultivation method for early-maturing beans in spring - Google Patents
Cultivation method for early-maturing beans in spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396489A CN104396489A CN201410597153.9A CN201410597153A CN104396489A CN 104396489 A CN104396489 A CN 104396489A CN 201410597153 A CN201410597153 A CN 201410597153A CN 104396489 A CN104396489 A CN 104396489A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of early-maturing beans and discloses a cultivation method for early-maturing beans in spring. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) variety selection; (2) seed soaking and germination acceleration; (3) seeding and seedling raising; (4) seedbed management; (5) soil preparation and fertilization; (6) field planting; (7) greenhouse management; and (8) harvesting. The cultivation method provided by the invention is simple and uses cheap and easily available raw materials; the proper cultivation method for early-maturing beans in spring is formulated according to growth characteristics of beans; and timely pest and disease control is carried out in the whole cultivation process so as to reduce the occurrence rate of pest and disease attacks and improve product yield and quality, thereby enhancing market competitiveness.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to precocious kidney bean cultivation technique field, be specifically related to the cultivation method of precocious Kidney bean in a kind of spring.
Background technology:
Kidney bean has another name called kidney bean, kidney bean, little sword bean etc., and originate in Central and South America, China generally cultivates.Except outdoor cropping, Protectorate cultivation can also be utilized.Kidney bean is the important source material of processing can processed and dehydrated vegetable.Kidney bean is nutritious, and containing protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium and abundant B family vitamin, fresh beans are also containing abundant vitamin C.From contained nutrient component, the protein of Kidney bean, calcium, iron and B family vitamin content are all higher than chicken.
Kidney bean belongs to short day vegetable, but most kind requires strict to day length, in the neutral loam that suitable growth is deep at soil layer, draining good, organic matter is abundant.Kidney bean is more with phosphorus, potassium to the requirement of fertilizer, and nitrogen also needs, and appropriate nitrogenous fertilizer will be had to supply guarantee high yield at Seedling Stage and pregnant flower bud phase.Along with the raising of people's living standard, day by day increase the demand of early maturing vegetable, therefore the precocious Kidney bean of cultivation spring has certain market potential, contributes to the income increasing plantation family.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide that a kind of damage by disease and insect incidence is low, output is high, the spring of superior product quality precocious Kidney bean cultivation method.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
Spring precocious Kidney bean a cultivation method, comprise the steps:
(1) Fruit variety: Kidney bean of overgrowing should select the kind of different ripe property, disease-resistant, high yield, not easily old, quality better, dwarf bean should select precocity, strong adaptability, can the kind of disease-resistant, high yield, quality better;
(2) presoaking and germinating: before sowing, seed first shines 6-8h in the sun, use the water seed soaking 2-3h of 50-55 DEG C again, dry in the air cool rear use 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30min, dry moisture, wrap with wet gauze, wet towel, vernalization at being placed on 25-28 DEG C subsequently, every day, the seed germinateed wanted sowing in time with fresh clean warm water washing seed 2 times;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: dwarf bean is 20-30 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, to overgrow Kidney bean 30-35 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, need before sowing to carry out grain-by-grain seed selection to seed, first nutritive cube is irrigated during sowing, spread the thick Nutrition Soil of 0.5cm again in alms bowl, broadcast 2 seeds in every alms bowl, last seed covers the Nutrition Soil that 1.5-2cm is thick;
(4) seedbed management: after planting want tight lid film before emerging, take off early lid straw screen or mat evening, maintain seedling bed temperature 20-25 DEG C on daytime, night 12-15 DEG C, within before field planting 4-5 days, suitably lower the temperature and temper seedling, be not less than 15 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C night, seedling grow 2 true leaves and high 3-4cm time get final product field planting;
(5) site preparation and fertilization: plastic greenhouse is buckled in the soil that before field planting, 20-25 days ploughed deeply in autumn and winter last year and heats, every mu of compost and barnyard manure 2500-3000kg first applying fermentation maturity, then plough 15-20cm dark, then sprinkle phoxim and carbendazim, within before field planting 7-10 days, in canopy, do furrow;
(6) field planting: the fine warm weather in late Febuary to early March carries out field planting, take hole planting, every furrow field planting two row, line-spacing 50-60cm, cave is apart from 20-30cm, every cave field planting 2-3 strain, dwarf bean be planted in border land in booth or with cucumber, tomato every furrow intercropping, sufficient normal root water, apart from being 30-33cm, is watered, then lid mulch film, shed film, lid straw screen or mat in the row cave of field planting after field planting;
(7) booth management: keep seedbed daytime 25 DEG C, night more than 15 DEG C before slow seedling, 5-7 days after slow seedling, remain on daytime 15-20 DEG C, night 12-15 DEG C, water a water when Kidney bean is buddingged, shallow intertillage after 2-3 days, the degree of depth is 2-3cm, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15kg, and flowering stage does not water, topdress after sitting pod, every mu of the night soil 500-600kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, potassium sulfate 15-20kg, be watered and spread manuer in holes, watered clear water every 7-10 days at every turn;
(8) gather: after field planting 30-40 days start young pod of gathering, first time tender pod gather after every mu execute ammonium sulfate 15-20kg, connect water twice water, second time flower pod sit after water in time, keep ground moistening, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously.
The preparation process of described Nutrition Soil fishes for pond sludge or 2-3 did not plant melon vegetable garden soil September last year, dries after smashing by every m
3soil waters 200-300kg pig manure, superphosphate 5-6kg, ash 5-7.5kg, and mixing is mixed rear plastic sheeting for farm use thoroughly and covered heap vexed 4-5 month, and spread out before filling with alms bowl and smash, particle diameter is 3-5mm.
Described safe setting date to refer in canopy that temperature is not less than 8 DEG C, the period of 10cm depths ground temperature more than 10 DEG C.
The consumption of described phoxim and carbendazim is that every square of soil uses 5-10g.
Can add carbendazim or tmtd in described normal root water, every 50kg normal root water uses 50-100g.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: cultivation method of the present invention is simple, raw material is cheap and easy to get, growth characteristics according to Kidney bean formulate suitable cultivation method for premature in spring, and in whole cultivation, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest in good time, reduce damage by disease and insect incidence, improve output and product quality, and then improve the market competitiveness.
Embodiment:
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Spring precocious Kidney bean a cultivation method, comprise the steps:
(1) Fruit variety: Kidney bean of overgrowing should select the kind of different ripe property, disease-resistant, high yield, not easily old, quality better, dwarf bean should select precocity, strong adaptability, can the kind of disease-resistant, high yield, quality better;
(2) presoaking and germinating: before sowing, seed first shines 6-8h in the sun, use the water seed soaking 2-3h of 50-55 DEG C again, dry in the air cool rear use 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30min, dry moisture, wrap with wet gauze, wet towel, vernalization at being placed on 25-28 DEG C subsequently, every day, the seed germinateed wanted sowing in time with fresh clean warm water washing seed 2 times;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: dwarf bean is 20-30 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, to overgrow Kidney bean 30-35 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, need before sowing to carry out grain-by-grain seed selection to seed, first nutritive cube is irrigated during sowing, spread the thick Nutrition Soil of 0.5cm again in alms bowl, broadcast 2 seeds in every alms bowl, last seed covers the Nutrition Soil that 1.5-2cm is thick;
(4) seedbed management: after planting want tight lid film before emerging, take off early lid straw screen or mat evening, maintain seedling bed temperature 20-25 DEG C on daytime, night 12-15 DEG C, within before field planting 4-5 days, suitably lower the temperature and temper seedling, be not less than 15 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C night, seedling grow 2 true leaves and high 3-4cm time get final product field planting;
(5) site preparation and fertilization: plastic greenhouse is buckled in the soil that before field planting, 20-25 days ploughed deeply in autumn and winter last year and heats, every mu of compost and barnyard manure 2500-3000kg first applying fermentation maturity, then plough 15-20cm dark, then sprinkle phoxim and carbendazim, within before field planting 7-10 days, in canopy, do furrow;
(6) field planting: the fine warm weather in late Febuary to early March carries out field planting, take hole planting, every furrow field planting two row, line-spacing 50-60cm, cave is apart from 20-30cm, every cave field planting 2-3 strain, dwarf bean be planted in border land in booth or with cucumber, tomato every furrow intercropping, sufficient normal root water, apart from being 30-33cm, is watered, then lid mulch film, shed film, lid straw screen or mat in the row cave of field planting after field planting;
(7) booth management: keep seedbed daytime 25 DEG C, night more than 15 DEG C before slow seedling, 5-7 days after slow seedling, remain on daytime 15-20 DEG C, night 12-15 DEG C, water a water when Kidney bean is buddingged, shallow intertillage after 2-3 days, the degree of depth is 2-3cm, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15kg, and flowering stage does not water, topdress after sitting pod, every mu of the night soil 500-600kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, potassium sulfate 15-20kg, be watered and spread manuer in holes, watered clear water every 7-10 days at every turn;
(8) gather: after field planting 30-40 days start young pod of gathering, first time tender pod gather after every mu execute ammonium sulfate 15-20kg, connect water twice water, second time flower pod sit after water in time, keep ground moistening, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously.
The preparation process of the Nutrition Soil used in step (3) is: fish for pond sludge or 2-3 did not plant melon vegetable garden soil September last year, dry after smashing by every m
3soil waters 200-300kg pig manure, superphosphate 5-6kg, ash 5-7.5kg, and mixing is mixed rear plastic sheeting for farm use thoroughly and covered heap vexed 4-5 month, and spread out before filling with alms bowl and smash, particle diameter is 3-5mm.
In step (3), safe setting date to refer in canopy that temperature is not less than 8 DEG C, the period of 10cm depths ground temperature more than 10 DEG C, in step (5), the consumption of phoxim and carbendazim is that every square of soil uses 5-10g, can add carbendazim or tmtd in normal root water in step (6), every 50kg normal root water uses 50-100g.
Compared with spring of utilizing cultivation method described in the present invention to produce, precocious Kidney bean was produced with usual manner spring precocious Kidney bean, result is as follows:
| Project | Average yield (kg/ strain) | Regularity (%) | Damage by disease and insect incidence (%) |
| Cultivation method of the present invention | 0.8-1 | 95 | 3-5 |
| Conventional cultivation method | 0.6-0.8 | 82 | 8-10 |
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. spring precocious Kidney bean a cultivation method, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) Fruit variety: Kidney bean of overgrowing should select the kind of different ripe property, disease-resistant, high yield, not easily old, quality better, dwarf bean should select precocity, strong adaptability, can the kind of disease-resistant, high yield, quality better;
(2) presoaking and germinating: before sowing, seed first shines 6-8h in the sun, use the water seed soaking 2-3h of 50-55 DEG C again, dry in the air cool rear use 10% tertiary sodium phosphate or liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30min, dry moisture, wrap with wet gauze, wet towel, vernalization at being placed on 25-28 DEG C subsequently, every day, the seed germinateed wanted sowing in time with fresh clean warm water washing seed 2 times;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: dwarf bean is 20-30 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, to overgrow Kidney bean 30-35 days seeding and seedling raisings before safe setting date, need before sowing to carry out grain-by-grain seed selection to seed, first nutritive cube is irrigated during sowing, spread the thick Nutrition Soil of 0.5cm again in alms bowl, broadcast 2 seeds in every alms bowl, last seed covers the Nutrition Soil that 1.5-2cm is thick;
(4) seedbed management: after planting want tight lid film before emerging, take off early lid straw screen or mat evening, maintain seedling bed temperature 20-25 DEG C on daytime, night 12-15 DEG C, within before field planting 4-5 days, suitably lower the temperature and temper seedling, be not less than 15 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C night, seedling grow 2 true leaves and high 3-4cm time get final product field planting;
(5) site preparation and fertilization: plastic greenhouse is buckled in the soil that before field planting, 20-25 days ploughed deeply in autumn and winter last year and heats, every mu of compost and barnyard manure 2500-3000kg first applying fermentation maturity, then plough 15-20cm dark, then sprinkle phoxim and carbendazim, within before field planting 7-10 days, in canopy, do furrow;
(6) field planting: the fine warm weather in late Febuary to early March carries out field planting, take hole planting, every furrow field planting two row, line-spacing 50-60cm, cave is apart from 20-30cm, every cave field planting 2-3 strain, dwarf bean be planted in border land in booth or with cucumber, tomato every furrow intercropping, sufficient normal root water, apart from being 30-33cm, is watered, then lid mulch film, shed film, lid straw screen or mat in the row cave of field planting after field planting;
(7) booth management: keep seedbed daytime 25 DEG C, night more than 15 DEG C before slow seedling, 5-7 days after slow seedling, remain on daytime 15-20 DEG C, night 12-15 DEG C, water a water when Kidney bean is buddingged, shallow intertillage after 2-3 days, the degree of depth is 2-3cm, and every mu imposes composite fertilizer 10-15kg, and flowering stage does not water, topdress after sitting pod, every mu of the night soil 500-600kg executing to become thoroughly decomposed, potassium sulfate 15-20kg, be watered and spread manuer in holes, watered clear water every 7-10 days at every turn;
(8) gather: after field planting 30-40 days start young pod of gathering, first time tender pod gather after every mu execute ammonium sulfate 15-20kg, connect water twice water, second time flower pod sit after water in time, keep ground moistening, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously.
2. a kind of spring according to claim 1 precocious Kidney bean cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the preparation process of described Nutrition Soil fishes for pond sludge or 2-3 did not plant melon vegetable garden soil September last year, dries after smashing by every m
3soil waters 200-300kg pig manure, superphosphate 5-6kg, ash 5-7.5kg, and mixing is mixed rear plastic sheeting for farm use thoroughly and covered heap vexed 4-5 month, and spread out before filling with alms bowl and smash, particle diameter is 3-5mm.
3. a kind of spring according to claim 1 precocious Kidney bean cultivation method, it is characterized in that: described safe setting date to refer in canopy that temperature is not less than 8 DEG C, the period of 10cm depths ground temperature more than 10 DEG C.
4. a kind of spring according to claim 1 precocious Kidney bean cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the consumption of described phoxim and carbendazim is that every square of soil uses 5-10g.
5. a kind of spring according to claim 1 precocious Kidney bean cultivation method, it is characterized in that: can add carbendazim or tmtd in described normal root water, every 50kg normal root water uses 50-100g.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982172A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-21 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | Method for sowing and protecting Kidney bean on dry land at cold area |
| CN105917953A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-07 | 麻考 | High-yield cultivation method for melons in greenhouse |
| CN106359443A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-02-01 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Special soil treating agent for greenhouse vegetable, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107371743A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | The film mulching plant method of potato four |
| CN109463244A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-15 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | The cultural method on Kidney bean covering with ground sheeting tooth form ridge |
| CN109644789A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-19 | 四川省川椒种业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of double covering kind winter, receiving methods spring of capsicum plastic foil |
| CN111480545A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Greenhouse early-maturing and yield-increasing cultivation method for kidney beans |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982172A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-10-21 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | Method for sowing and protecting Kidney bean on dry land at cold area |
| CN105917953A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-07 | 麻考 | High-yield cultivation method for melons in greenhouse |
| CN106359443A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-02-01 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Special soil treating agent for greenhouse vegetable, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107371743A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | The film mulching plant method of potato four |
| CN109463244A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-15 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | The cultural method on Kidney bean covering with ground sheeting tooth form ridge |
| CN109644789A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-19 | 四川省川椒种业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of double covering kind winter, receiving methods spring of capsicum plastic foil |
| CN111480545A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Greenhouse early-maturing and yield-increasing cultivation method for kidney beans |
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Application publication date: 20150311 |