CN105503377A - Special planting substrate for leafy organic vegetables - Google Patents
Special planting substrate for leafy organic vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN105503377A CN105503377A CN201510912205.1A CN201510912205A CN105503377A CN 105503377 A CN105503377 A CN 105503377A CN 201510912205 A CN201510912205 A CN 201510912205A CN 105503377 A CN105503377 A CN 105503377A
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- planting matrix
- vegetable planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a special planting substrate for leafy organic vegetables. The special planting substrate is prepared from the following preparation ingredients through be metered by volume parts: 2 to 4 parts of turfy soil, 2 to 4 parts of matured sheep excrement-straw mixtures, 2 to 4 parts of matured mushroom waste, 1 to 3 parts of perlite and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of matured soybean cake. The special planting substrate for leafy organic vegetables has the advantages that the weight is light; the fertility is rich; the cost is low; the morbidity is reduced; the plant adverse resistance is improved; the vegetable quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Organic farming field, roof, be specifically related to the special planting matrix of a kind of leaf class organic vegetable.
Background technology
Roof agricultural, as its name suggests, utilize the space plantation flowers on roof, melon and fruit, vegetables, grain, wet goods crop exactly, and because roof planting farm crop can reduce solar radiation greatly, climate comfort, thus making room cool in summer and warm in winter, during summer high temperature, indoor air temperature can reduce by 5 ~ 6 DEG C usually, and the winter of severe cold is higher 2 ~ 3 DEG C than not having the indoor problem of roof garden.In addition, one mu of green plants can produce oxygen 14.4 tons for 1 year, absorbing carbon dioxide 21.6 tons.Therefore roof agricultural not only can increase the green area coverage in city, reaches the effect beautified with environment purification, and can bring certain economic benefit, and improve the quality of life of self.
Common roof agricultural to make ground soil general raw material be matured waste, wood sawdust, wormwood artemisia stalk, biogas scum, rapeseed cake etc., these things are all a little domestic refuses, through utilization of waste material, change over soil, reach purification by plant absorption, this is also a kind of mode of process domestic refuse.And organic vegetable is planted, all must carry out according to the mode of production of Organic farming in whole production process, the production technical standard of Organic food namely strictly must be followed in whole production process, namely the chemical substances such as agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator are not used completely in production process, do not use gene engineering technique, also have to pass through quality control and the examination of independently Organic Food Attestation mechanism whole process simultaneously.Therefore, this has higher requirement to its planting matrix.But existing roof organic vegetable planting matrix many existence deadweight is comparatively large, fertility is not enough, containing problems such as germ are more, this also becomes affects the key that can vegetables really accomplish organic production.
Summary of the invention
For above problem, the invention provides the special planting matrix of a kind of leaf class organic vegetable, this matrix light weight, fertility are abundant, and nutrient formula meets leaf vegetables crop regulation of fertilizer requirement, with low cost, and can reduce disease incidence of soil-borne disease.
For solving the problem, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Design a kind of leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix, in the parts by volume under natural packing, comprise following raw materials: turfy soil 2 ~ 4 parts, decay sheep excrement-2 ~ 4 parts, stalk mixture, 2 ~ 4 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 1 ~ 3 part, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 0.8 ~ 1.2 part, by described raw material mixing and stirring.
Preferably, described leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix comprises following raw materials: turfy soil 3 parts, decay sheep excrement-3 parts, stalk mixture, 3 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 2 parts, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 1 part.
Described turfy soil is northeast turfy soil.
Described perlitic particle diameter is 2 ~ 4mm.
The preparation method of described decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is as follows: sheep excrement and agricultural crop straw (granularity 2 ~ 3cm maize straw, wheat stalk, peanut seedling or straw) are pressed (2 ~ 3): 1 volume ratio mixes, evenly add organic fertilizer fermentation agent (A Musi microbiobacterial agent), carry out compost fermentation; With height 1.5 meters, width 2 meters, length more than 2 meters compost fermentation effect be excellent; In fermenting process, temperature controls at 63 ~ 68 DEG C, and temperature is too high has impact to nutrient, and the moisture content of fermentation materials controls 60 ~ 65%, continues to complete for 5 ~ 7 days.Gained decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is puffy, in chocolate, slightly wine flavour or Earthy Taste, carbon-nitrogen ratio suitable (being conducive to nitric nitrogen nutrient in matrix to produce and transform), nutritious, as nitrogen, potassium nutrition content are high, be beneficial to the quick growth of leaf vegetables crop.
The preparation method of the described mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed is as follows: mushroom residue mushroom waste powder being broken to below 1cm, more short being more conducive to ferments, oversize then fermentation time increases, even interpolation fertilizer starter (Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd, A Musi microbiobacterial agent, its addition is 5 kg/ton), effectively can improve fermenting speed; Control 55 ~ 65% by the moisture content of mushroom residue, water ferments slowly less, and the many ventilations of water are poor, and " spoilage organism " also can be caused to work and produce stink; Carrying out fermentation of banking up, is excellent with the compost fermentation effect of height 1.5 meters, width 2 meters, length more than 2 meters; When temperature rises to 70 DEG C, carry out turning, turning 3 times, temperature is cooled to normal temperature, to obtain final product.
The preparation method of the described soya-bean cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed is as follows: control the moisture content of soya-bean cake 63 ~ 68%, by organic fertilizer fermentation agent (Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd, A Musi microbiobacterial agent, its addition is 5 kg/ton) be evenly sprinkled into stacking, stacking can not be too short too little, be good with high 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, wide 2 meters, length freely can adjust according to the number of fermentation materials, minimumly can not be less than 2 meters.This soya-bean cake fermentation process has (consumption) aerobe fermentation, therefore should strengthen oxygen supply measure, accomplishes to mix thoroughly, duty is turned over, ventilates and be advisable.When temperature rises to 75 DEG C, carry out turning 3 ~ 5 times, until temperature-stable is at 55 ~ 65 DEG C; Fermentation materials is after chocolate, and temperature is down to normal temperature naturally, to obtain final product, and generally, can ferment in one week.
the present invention has actively useful technique effect
(1) fertility of leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix of the present invention is enriched, leaf vegetables nutritional need can be ensured, its carbon-nitrogen ratio is conducive to the sustained release of matrix nutrition composition, the regulation of fertilizer requirement (leaf class crop increment of organism is large, the nutrient demand such as nitrogen, potassium amount is large and require sustainable supply) of leaf vegetables crop can be agreed with.
(2) leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix of the present invention is rich in the organic matters such as amino acid, can increase stress resistance of plant, improves vegetable crop, and the quality of vegetable that is greatly improved, as improved the content of the nutritive ingredients such as VITAMIN, soluble proteins, soluble sugar.
(3) leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix of the present invention is used becomes thoroughly decomposed raw material all through thermophilic fermentation, can kill various germ and worm's ovum, reduces sickness rate.
(4) most of material of leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix of the present invention can be gathered materials on the spot, and is agricultural wastes, this significantly reduces cost, and effectively can reduce agricultural pollution.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.Raw material involved in following examples, be commercially available if no special instructions, involved detection method if no special instructions, is then ordinary method.
embodiment 1:a kind of leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix, in parts by volume (natural packing state), become by following mixed raw material: turfy soil (northeast turfy soil) 3 parts, decay sheep excrement-3 parts, stalk mixture, 3 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite (2 ~ 4mm) 2 parts, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 1 part.
The preparation method of described decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is as follows: sheep excrement and maize straw (granularity 2 ~ 3cm) are mixed by 2:1 volume ratio (natural packing), evenly add organic fertilizer fermentation agent (Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd, its addition of A Musi microbiobacterial agent is 5 kg/ton), carry out compost fermentation; The height 1.5 meters of stacking, width 2 meters, length 2 meters; In fermenting process, temperature controls at 63 ~ 68 DEG C, and temperature is too high has impact to nutrient, and the moisture content of fermentation materials controls 60 ~ 65%, continues to complete for 6 days.Gained decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is puffy, in chocolate, slightly wine flavour or Earthy Taste, nutritious.The preparation method of the described mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed is as follows: mushroom residue mushroom waste powder being broken to below 1cm, more short being more conducive to ferments, oversize then fermentation time increases, even interpolation fertilizer starter (Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd, A Musi microbiobacterial agent, its addition is 5 kg/ton), effectively can improve fermenting speed; Control 55 ~ 65% by the moisture content of mushroom residue, water ferments slowly less, and the many ventilations of water are poor, and " spoilage organism " also can be caused to work and produce stink; Carry out fermentation of banking up, stacking height 1.5 meters, width 2 meters, length 2 meters; When temperature rises to 70 DEG C, carry out turning, turning 3 times, temperature is cooled to normal temperature, to obtain final product.The preparation method of the described soya-bean cake that becomes thoroughly decomposed is as follows: control the moisture content of soya-bean cake 63 ~ 68%, by organic fertilizer fermentation agent (Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd, A Musi microbiobacterial agent, its addition is 5 kg/ton) be evenly sprinkled into stacking, stacking can not be too short too little, and high 1.2 meters, wide 2 meters is good; This soya-bean cake fermentation process has (consumption) aerobe fermentation, therefore should strengthen oxygen supply measure, accomplishes to mix thoroughly, duty is turned over, ventilates and be advisable.When temperature rises to 75 DEG C, carry out turning 4 times, until temperature-stable is at 55 ~ 65 DEG C; Fermentation materials is after chocolate, and temperature is down to normal temperature naturally, to obtain final product.
embodiment 2:except following content, substantially the same manner as Example 1: leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix is become by following mixed raw material: turfy soil 4 parts, decay sheep excrement-2 parts, stalk mixture, 4 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 1 part, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 1.2 parts.
embodiment 3:except following content, substantially the same manner as Example 1: leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix is become by following mixed raw material: turfy soil 2 parts, decay sheep excrement-4 parts, stalk mixture, 2 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 3 parts, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 0.8 part.
embodiment 4:except following content, substantially the same manner as Example 1: the preparation method of described decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is as follows: sheep excrement and wheat stalk to be pressed 3:1 volume ratio and mixes.
The effect of above embodiment 1 ~ 4 and comparative example is in table 1:
Take garden mould as comparative example, carry out in the planting base of Henan Xifangge Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd., to plant Plantula Brassicae chinensis, wherein garden mould is 3 years vegetable garden planting soils, and before planting vegetables, every necromancer adds 1kg composite fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15).
Table 1 matrix planting effect contrast table
。
Claims (9)
1. a leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix, it is characterized in that: in parts by volume, comprise following raw materials: turfy soil 2 ~ 4 parts, decay sheep excrement-2 ~ 4 parts, stalk mixture, 2 ~ 4 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 1 ~ 3 part, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 0.8 ~ 1.2 part.
2. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise following raw materials: turfy soil 3 parts, decay sheep excrement-3 parts, stalk mixture, 3 parts, the mushroom waste material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, perlite 2 parts, become thoroughly decomposed soya-bean cake 1 part.
3. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described turfy soil is northeast turfy soil.
4. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described perlitic particle diameter is 2 ~ 4mm.
5. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described decay sheep excrement-stalk mixture is as follows:
Sheep excrement and agricultural crop straw are pressed (2 ~ 3): the volume ratio of 1 mixes, and evenly adds organic fertilizer fermentation agent, carries out compost fermentation; In fermenting process, control temperature is at 63 ~ 68 DEG C, and moisture content controls 60 ~ 65%, continues 10 ~ 15 days, to obtain final product.
6. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described agricultural crop straw is the maize straw of granularity 2 ~ 3cm, wheat stalk, peanut seedling or straw.
7. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the become thoroughly decomposed preparation method of mushroom waste material as follows:
Mushroom waste powder is broken to the mushroom residue of below 1cm, evenly adds fertilizer starter; Meanwhile, control 55 ~ 65% by the moisture content of mushroom residue, carry out fermentation of banking up, when temperature rises to 70 DEG C, carry out turning, turning 3 times, temperature is cooled to normal temperature, to obtain final product.
8. leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the become thoroughly decomposed preparation method of soya-bean cake as follows:
The moisture content of soya-bean cake is controlled 63 ~ 68%, is evenly sprinkled into organic fertilizer fermentation agent, carry out compost fermentation, when temperature rises to 75 DEG C, carry out turning 3 ~ 5 times, until temperature-stable is at 55 ~ 65 DEG C; Be after chocolate until fermentation materials, temperature is down to normal temperature naturally, to obtain final product.
9. the leaf class organic vegetable planting matrix according to any one of claim 5 ~ 8, it is characterized in that: described organic fertilizer fermentation agent is A Musi microbiobacterial agent, its addition is 5 kg/ton.
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| CN201510912205.1A CN105503377A (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | Special planting substrate for leafy organic vegetables |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106045594A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 上海师范大学 | Vegetable cultivating substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106688863A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-24 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Soilless culture method for organic summer squash |
| CN107409834A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-01 | 磐安县派普特生物科技有限公司 | Organic vegetable seedling culture matrix |
| CN107801599A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-16 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for culture matrix of potato soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN107857611A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-30 | 马新世 | A kind of corps nutrient pillow and preparation method thereof |
| CN109997650A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of rye grass cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN110963833A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 张松洋 | Preparation method of special substrate for potted fruits and vegetables |
| CN111699958A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 天津爱民网络科技有限公司 | Seedbed tide type soilless culture method for potted leaf vegetables |
| CN114982592A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-02 | 四川省百亿康生态农业有限公司 | Plant culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| US20130055635A1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2013-03-07 | Gary E. Harman | Plant propagation medium and methods of making and using it |
| CN102531753A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-04 | 陕西众兴高科生物科技有限公司 | Organic matrix containing needle mushroom residues |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106045594A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 上海师范大学 | Vegetable cultivating substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106688863A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-24 | 和县绿源蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Soilless culture method for organic summer squash |
| CN107409834A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-01 | 磐安县派普特生物科技有限公司 | Organic vegetable seedling culture matrix |
| CN107801599A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-16 | 成都先先先生物科技有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for culture matrix of potato soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN107857611A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-30 | 马新世 | A kind of corps nutrient pillow and preparation method thereof |
| CN110963833A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 张松洋 | Preparation method of special substrate for potted fruits and vegetables |
| CN109997650A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-12 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of rye grass cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN111699958A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 天津爱民网络科技有限公司 | Seedbed tide type soilless culture method for potted leaf vegetables |
| CN114982592A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-02 | 四川省百亿康生态农业有限公司 | Plant culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160420 |