CN103214320B - Soil improvement matrix for alleviating soil continuous cropping obstacles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil improvement matrix for alleviating soil continuous cropping obstacles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil improvement matrix for alleviating soil continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) carrying out inoculated fermentation and ageing on organic biomass materials; (2) carrying out inoculated fermentation on biomasses such as straw and the like and warming up to 50-60 DEG C; (3) mixing the products obtained in the two steps and carrying out airing or drying; 4) adding lime and a nitrification inhibitor and regulating the moisture to 15-20%; 5) preparing an inorganic matrix; 6) mixing the product in the step 4) with the inorganic matrix in the step 5); and 7) carrying out granulation, detection and packing. The soil improvement matrix for alleviating soil continuous cropping obstacles has the advantages as follows: the efficient matrix specific for soil improvement and disinfection is developed for the continuous cropping obstacles; by combining high-temperature disinfection, various soil-borne diseases, weeds, underground injurious insects and nematodes can be prevented and controlled, and the soil acidification can be prevented and controlled; and compared with other disinfection methods, the product is more secure in operation, relatively low in cost, free of residual hazard and remarkable in increase production, so that the product is the first choice for the production of pollution-free agricultural products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs a kind of preparation method of soil improvement matrix, relates in particular to a kind of preparation method of soil improvement matrix of releasing facilities cultivating soil continuous cropping obstacle.
Background technology
Under Protected Cultivation, due to unreasonable or excessive fertilization, the long-term continuous cropping of crop of the same race, often there will be the phenomenon that crop normal growth is suppressed, be called as continuous cropping obstacle.Cause the reason of continuous cropping obstacle complicated, mainly contain following reason: 1, soil secondary salinization, causes salt stress to crop.The origin cause of formation of secondary salinization, the one, long-term, the excessive mineral manure of using causes soil solution excessive concentration, the 2nd, use the fertilizer that do not become thoroughly decomposed especially feces of livestock and poultry be decomposed to form inorganic nutrient, the 3rd, ammonium nitrogen forms the concentration of nitrite and the nitrate increase soil solution through nitrification, the total salt concentration of soil is increased, due to the leaching minimizing of soil under facility condition, so cause salt stress to crop.2, soil acidification.In agriculture production, conventionally using nitrogen, potassic fertilizer in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and be mainly and take vitriol and muriate as main, is all physiological acidic fertilizer, and due to exchange adsorption, root system of plant is absorbing NH
4 +positively charged ion and K
+synchronism soil in discharge a large amount of H
+, the most of SO in fertilizer
4 2-, CL
-in the residual soil of acid ion, cause soil acidification.Soil acidification is the major cause that spoiled soil crumb structure causes soil compaction, pathogenic bacteria population propagation.3, soil compaction, ventilation property are poor, to crop, cause Hypoxia Stress.The root growth of crop, dietetic alimentation physiological activity and root system aerobic repiration activity are closely connected, and soil compaction air permeability declines, and directly have influence on the normal growth of crop.4, soil-borne disease is serious.One crop be continuous cropping for a long time for pathogenic bacteria provides host, be conducive to the breeding of pathogenic bacteria; The 2nd, soil acidification provides the condition of existence for pathogenic bacteria.5, root exudates accumulation, cause on the one hand crop from toxic action, on the one hand for pathogenic soil microorganism provides nutrition, thereby the growth of crop is formed to obstacle.Above phenomenon and the origin cause of formation have shown that continuous cropping obstacle is a kind of complexity, the multifactor result causing, the coercing of the bad change of existing soil physical property, crop rhizosphere environment, and having again rhizosphere biotic factor is the acting in conjunction of microflora.
The measure that the measure great majority of current control continuous cropping obstacle are just taked for a certain of above reason or two kinds, You Yin China is vast in territory, the geographical difference of the natural condition of agriculture production is larger, therefore existing method one is that effect is undesirable, the 2nd, and technological adaptability is wideless.Existing method introduction and commentary 1, use ammoniacal liquor or ammonium hydrogencarbonate add lime, or use lime nitrogen with improvement soil.Effect is mainly the acidifying problem that solves soil, although lime nitrogen can suppress some soil-borne diseases, it is regions, Ph3 ~ 4 that this method is mainly adapted to south China acid soil, and feasible degree is poor for soils of north China.Liming can not repeatedly be used simultaneously, the bad assurance of usage quantity.2, applying organic manure material.Organic fertilizer has good improvement Soil structure, keeps soil from packing together, the effect of activating soil microorganism, is the technology that a kind of adaptability is extensive.But the control for soil-borne disease does not also reach effect.1), organic fertilizer resource restriction simultaneously it is also subject to the restriction of condition, mainly:, the source of most of facility cultivations region fertilizer is all not enough, reaches the effect of improvement soil, and every mu once at least needs approximately one ton of above exquisite organic fertilizer; 2), existing best buy fertilizer is few.Organic fertilizer must be that the organic fertilizer of handling well through industrialized composting fermentation can reach good Effect of improving soil, uses without the organic fertilizer becoming thoroughly decomposed, and also can bring side effect.Seldom, good Fertilizer application cost is high for best buy organic fertilizer in the market.3, Antagonistic Fungi biological organic fertilizer.Advantage: connect and antibacterially can suppress some pathogenic bacteria.Shortcoming: 1) the bacterium amount in fertilizer does not reach the effect of curing the disease; 2) specificity of Antagonistic Fungi, can not be effective to multiple pathogenic bacteria; 3) connecing antibacterial survival time and timeliness in soil is also problem; 4) use cost that reaches imitation is difficult to accept; 5) it is few that field experiment is stablized effective product.Can't resolve soil compaction, salinification, acidifying problem.4, biological pesticide.Effect is not as good as biological organic fertilizer, is mainly that the microorganism that is manured into soil cannot survive for a long time.5, chemical pesticide and soil-fumigating.The effect of chemical pesticide control soil-borne disease is undesirable, and the lasting period is shorter, causes environmental pollution.Fumigant is if monobromomethane is with forbidding, and dazomet has certain effect for nematode, but the lasting period is not long, and the nematode period of disease of some facility cultivation crops that survive the winter is often deuterogenesis, and fumigant is in processing in early stage, now drug effect mistake.Do not reach ideal effect.Affect soil beneficial microorganism simultaneously.6, unrestrained water or hot-water cure.Unrestrained water only solves soil secondary salinization problem, and the lasting period is not long, and generally just single cropping effect can.Day water treatment can only be played part disinfection, and anaphase effect is undesirable.And these methods can be used in southern area, at most northern area, can not operate.Therefore, a kind of new method of exigence solves above-mentioned technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just for the technical problem existing in prior art, a kind of easy to operate, lower-cost a kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle is provided, soil improvement matrix of the present invention is with SOLID ORGANIC biological material and the composite soil improvement matrix of mineral compound through microorganism fermentation, improvement for facility cultivation soil, alleviate the soil salinization, acidifying, make the soil that hardens loose, improve venting capability, activating soil beneficial microorganism, suppress pathogenic soil microorganism.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows, and a kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of;
1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and rotten heat;
2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃;
3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry;
4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%;
5) prepare inorganic matrix;
6) inorganic matrix in product and step 5 in step 4 is mixed;
7) granulation, detection, packing.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 1 concrete steps are as follows, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 50 ~ 150 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 50 ~ 70 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 30 ~ 50 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 2 concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, the stalk that above-mentioned steps 1 is mentioned, after fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:5 ~ 7 or with the ratio of animal excrement 10:5 ~ 15 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made into, activate and after 2 ~ 3 days, is inoculated in the material that step 1 obtains, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 50 ~ 60 ℃ of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 3 concrete steps are as follows, and the bacterium colony that the stable humus of producing in step 1 and step 2 are produced--organic mixture mixes in 65 ~ 70:35 ~ 30 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, produce and obtain organic substrate.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 4 concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3 is produced adds 3 ~ 5% white lime adjusting water content 15 ~ 20%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 0.5-1.5% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 5 concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.2-0.5:0.2-0.5 ratio, ratio with 1:1-1.2 adds calcium cyanamide, mixes acquisition inorganic matrix.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 6 concrete steps are as follows, and the organic substrate that adds step 4 to produce in 3-5% ratio 5 inorganic matrixes of producing, mixes, and obtain soil improvement matrix.
As a modification of the present invention, described step 7 concrete steps are as follows, and the soil improvement matrix that step 6 is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores; Or not granulation is directly used with pulvis.
Soil improvement matrix prepared by aforesaid method, described matrix comprises following main component: the organic material becoming thoroughly decomposed accounts for 85～90%, and white lime accounts for 3～4%, and cyanamide accounts for 1～1.5%, and calcium cyanamide accounts for 3.5～5%, gac 2～3%, Calucium Silicate powder, magnesium account for 2～3%.
With respect to prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows, this technical scheme is a kind of efficient soil improvement and the sterilization dedicated substrate of developing for Soil-sickness Problem, in conjunction with high-temperature sterilization, can prevent and treat multiple soil-borne disease, weeds, subterranean pest-insect and nematode, control soil acidification, suppress nitrification, alleviate soil secondary salinization, promote unexpected crumb structure to form, lower the soil weight, improve venting capability, absorption root exudates alleviates from toxic action, the part food source of breaking off pathogenic bacteria, activating soil beneficial microorganism, suppress pathogenic micro-organism, alleviate Plant diseases, particularly better to salinization soil and fungal disease remission effect, other sterilization method this product of comparing operate safer, cost is lower, without residual hazard, increase yield significantly, it is the first-selected input of Agricultural product without pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is integrated operation schema of the present invention;
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention and understanding, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail and is introduced.
embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, said method comprising the steps of: 1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and rotten heat, be specially, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 50 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 50 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.1%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 30 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content, 2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃, described step 2 concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, after the stalk that step 1 is mentioned, fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:5 or with the ratio of the animal excrement 10:5 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made into, activate and after 2 days, is inoculated in the material that step 1 obtains, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 50 ℃ of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture, 3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry, the bacterium colony that the stable humus of producing in step 1 and step 2 are produced--organism mixture mixes in 65:30 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, produces and obtains organic substrate, 4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%, described step 4 concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3 is produced adds 3% white lime adjusting water content 15%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 0.5% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby, 5) prepare inorganic matrix, described step 5 concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.2:0.2 ratio, with the ratio of 1:1, add calcium cyanamide, mix acquisition inorganic matrix, 6) inorganic matrix in product and step 5 in step 4 is mixed, the organic substrate that adds step 4 to produce in 3% ratio 5 inorganic matrixes of producing, mixes, and obtains soil improvement matrix, 7) granulation, detection, packing, the soil improvement matrix that step 6 is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores, or not granulation is directly used with pulvis.
embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, said method comprising the steps of: 1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and rotten heat, be specially, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 150 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 70 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.3%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 50 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content,
2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃; Described step 2 concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, after the stalk that step 1 is mentioned, fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:7 or with the ratio of the animal excrement 10:15 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in after activating 3 days in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made into and is inoculated in the resulting material of step 1, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 60 ℃ of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture;
3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry; The bacterium colony that the stable humus of producing in step 1 and step 2 are produced--organism mixture mixes in 70:35 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, produces and obtains organic substrate;
4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%; Described step 4 concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3 is produced adds 5% white lime adjusting water content 20%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 1.5% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby;
5) prepare inorganic matrix; Described step 5 concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.5:0.5 ratio, with the ratio of 1:1.2, add calcium cyanamide, mix acquisition inorganic matrix;
6) inorganic matrix in product and step 5 in step 4 is mixed; The organic substrate that adds step 4 to produce in 5% ratio 5 inorganic matrixes of producing, mixes, and obtains soil improvement matrix;
7) granulation, detection, packing; The soil improvement matrix that step 6 is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores; Or not granulation is directly used with pulvis.
embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, said method comprising the steps of: 1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and rotten heat, be specially, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 80 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 60 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.2%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 40 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content,
2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃; Described step 2 concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, after the stalk that above-mentioned steps 1 is mentioned, fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:6 or with the ratio of the animal excrement 10:10 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in after activating 3 days in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made into and is inoculated in the resulting material of step 1, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 55 ° of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture;
3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry; The bacterium colony that the stable humus of producing in step 1 and step 2 are produced--organism mixture mixes in 68:33 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, produces and obtains organic substrate;
4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%; Described step 4 concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3 is produced adds 4% white lime adjusting water content 18%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 1% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby;
5) prepare inorganic matrix; Described step 5 concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.3:0.3 ratio, with the ratio of 1:1.1, add calcium cyanamide, mix acquisition inorganic matrix;
6) inorganic matrix in product and step 5 in step 4 is mixed; The organic substrate that adds step 4 to produce in 4% ratio 5 inorganic matrixes of producing, mixes, and obtains soil improvement matrix;
7) granulation, detection, packing; The soil improvement matrix that step 6 is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores; Or not granulation is directly used with pulvis.
embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, said method comprising the steps of: 1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and rotten heat, be specially, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 100 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 65 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.2%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 45 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content,
2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃; Described step 2 concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, after the stalk that above-mentioned steps 1 is mentioned, fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:6 or with the ratio of the animal excrement 10:12 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in after activating 3 days in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made into and is inoculated in the resulting material of step 1, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 58 ° of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture;
3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry; The bacterium colony that the stable humus of producing in step 1 and step 2 are produced--organism mixture mixes in 66:32 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, produces and obtains organic substrate;
4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%; Described step 4 concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3 is produced adds 4% white lime adjusting water content 20%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 1.2% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby.
5) prepare inorganic matrix; Described step 5 concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.4:0.4 ratio, with the ratio of 1:1.1, add calcium cyanamide, mix acquisition inorganic matrix;
6) inorganic matrix in product and step 5 in step 4 is mixed; The organic substrate that adds step 4 to produce in 4% ratio 5 inorganic matrixes of producing, mixes, and obtains soil improvement matrix;
7) granulation, detection, packing; The soil improvement matrix that step 6 is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores; Or not granulation is directly used with pulvis;
embodiment 5:soil improvement matrix prepared by aforesaid method, described matrix comprises following main component: the organic material becoming thoroughly decomposed accounts for 85～90%, and white lime accounts for 3～4%, and cyanamide accounts for 1～1.5%, and calcium cyanamide accounts for 3.5～5%, gac 2～3%, Calucium Silicate powder, magnesium account for 2～3%.
application Example, is applied to the soil improvement matrix of above-mentioned configuration in concrete farm crop.
application Example 1:
Soil improvement agent matter is applied on facility cultivation capsicum; In connecting the booth do ten batches of capsicums on soil, according to the consumption of 1 kilogram of/square metre of, soil improvement matrix is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after soil surface, plough, revolve canopy soil, soil improvement matrix and table soil are mixed, the field capacity that keeps soil 60 ~ 65, or make high furrow or flat furrow, surface coverage mulch film moisture-keeping, allows matrix and soil fully react field planting capsicum after 15 ~ 20 days.Compare with contrast field, the dead strain of capsicum is zero, and contrast field 15%, the soil weight alleviate 5 ~ 8%, and soil salt is that EC value attenuating 50 ~ 100%, field growing way are even, the speed of growth improves 80 ~ 100%, volume increase 50 ~ 170%.
application example 2:
On strawberry, apply; Connect the strawberry field of doing 3 years, according to the consumption of 1 kilogram of/square metre of, soil improvement matrix is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after soil surface, plough, revolve canopy soil, soil improvement matrix and table soil are mixed, keep the field capacity of soil 60 ~ 65, or make high furrow or flat furrow, surface coverage mulch film moisture-keeping, allows matrix and soil fully react field planting after 20 days, makes contrast field not use improvement matrix, fertilising equally, soil is loose, unit weight reduces by 5%, and salinity decline 40% is EC value.Plant early sends out, and well developed root system, root amount increase more than 30%, and improving activity of root system is strong, and after gathering, Bai Genliang accounts for 40%, and output increases more than 25%, contrast Bai Genwei zero.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention; the same replacement of having done on the basis of technique scheme or alternative; all belong to protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method of alleviating the soil improvement matrix of soil continuous cropping obstacle, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
1) organic-biological material inoculation fermentation and becoming thoroughly decomposed;
2) straw biomass inoculation fermentation is warming up to 50-60 ℃;
3) products therefrom in above-mentioned two steps is mixed to air-dry or oven dry;
4) add lime, nitrification inhibitor to regulate moisture to 15%-20%;
5) prepare inorganic matrix;
6) inorganic matrix in product in step 4) and step 5) is mixed;
7) granulation, detection, packing;
Described step 1) concrete steps are as follows, with straw crops stalk crushing, become 3mm length, or rice husk, wheat grain husk shell, corn cob fruit residuum is crushed to diameter 3mm particle, or with wood sawdust, alcohol slag, furfural dregs agricultural byproducts processing waste, or the mixture of above raw material, according to 50 ~ 150 kilograms of dried poultrymanures of interpolation per ton, cow dung animal excrement, or 50 ~ 70 kilograms of refined organic fertilizers mix, add water adjusting water content to 50 ~ 65%, inoculation yeast bacterium, photosynthetic bacterium, genus bacillus, actinomycetes mix bacterium agent, the ratio of above-mentioned bacterium is 2:0.5:1:1, the ratio that composite bacteria accounts for material is 0.1 ~ 0.3%, bank up and carry out bar buttress formula or slot type aerobic fermentation, fermentation through 30 ~ 50 days, form stable soil ulmin material, air-dry or dry to 20% moisture content,
Described step 2) concrete steps are as follows, the bacterium colony mixing material that partly ferments preparation, by above-mentioned steps 1) in the stalk mentioned, after fruit residuum and agricultural byproducts processing waste or its mixture and organic fertilizer are mixed in proportion in 100:5 ~ 7 or with the ratio of animal excrement 10:5 ~ 15 of dried poultrymanure, composite fungus agent is used in and is inoculated into after activating 2 ~ 3 days in the syrup of 30% concentration that 5 kilograms of brown sugar are made in step 1) in resulting material, banking up fermentation to the stuck fermentation while reaching 50 ~ 60 ℃ of temperature in heap, air-dry to 20% moisture content, form bacterium colony--organic mixture,
Described step 3) concrete steps are as follows, by stable humus and the step 2 produced in step 1)) bacterium colony produced--organic mixture mixes in 65 ~ 70:35 ~ 30 ratio, air-dry or dry 20% moisture content, and produce and obtain organic substrate;
Described step 4) concrete steps are as follows, the organic substrate that step 3) is produced adds 3 ~ 5% white lime adjusting water content 15 ~ 20%, make pH > 8 simultaneously, then add 0.5-1.5% cyanamide to mix, material is ventilated, when temperature of charge is down to room temperature, collects standby;
Described step 5) concrete steps are as follows, after one or several mixtures in gac or biological carbon or zeolite and Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent are mixed in 1:0.2-0.5:0.2-0.5 ratio, ratio with 1:1-1.2 adds calcium cyanamide, mixes acquisition inorganic matrix;
Described step 6) concrete steps are as follows, by 5) organic substrate that the inorganic matrix produced adds step 4) to produce in 3-5% ratio, mix, obtain soil improvement matrix.
2. the preparation method of soil improvement matrix according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 7) concrete steps are as follows, the soil improvement matrix that step 6) is produced utilizes the granulation of pair roller Squeezinggranulator, detection, quantitative package with in inner layer polyethylene bag weaved, and dry shady and cool place stores; Or not granulation is directly used with pulvis.
3. the soil improvement matrix that as described in claim 1-2 any one claim prepared by method, it is characterized in that, described matrix comprises following main component: the organic material becoming thoroughly decomposed accounts for 85～90%, white lime accounts for 3～4%, cyanamide accounts for 1～1.5%, calcium cyanamide accounts for 3.5～5%, gac 2～3%, and Calucium Silicate powder, magnesium account for 2～3%.
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| CN201310135542.5A CN103214320B (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Soil improvement matrix for alleviating soil continuous cropping obstacles and preparation method thereof |
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