CN105000996A - Wheat straw biochar fertilizer of high utilization rate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses wheat straw biochar fertilizer of high utilization rate and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is composed of, by weight, 35-55 parts of earthworm excrement, 6-7 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 8-12 parts of pyroligneous, 4-5 parts of sodium sulfate, 40-60 parts of soybean curb residue, 10-12 parts of medical stones, 4-6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 100-110 parts of fresh enteromorpha, 5-7 parts of compound microorganism bacterium agents, 240-260 parts of wheat straw, 23-27 parts of fresh urine and a defined amount of water; by means of the earthworm excrement, soybean curb residue and the like added in the biochar fertilizer can improve the capacity that the fertilizer releases nutrients continuously, by adding the pyroligneous and ammonium polyphosphatem, the functional groups of biochar fertilizer particles are enriched, the specific area is increased, after the fertilizer is applied into the soil, the exchanging amount of positive ions in the soil is increased, more nutrient ions are absorbed, nutrient loss can be avoided, so that the soil fertility and fertilizer utilization rate are improved, and a certain nutrient absorption and slow release effect is achieved.

Description

Wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of a kind of high utilization rate and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of fertilizers, particularly a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal of high utilization rate is fertile and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Biomass charcoal is that biomass carbonize through limit oxygen thermo-cracking the organic substance being rich in stability carbon obtained, charcoal not only effectively can promote the organic carbon content in soil, while progressively improving soil fertilizer, water retention property, for aspects such as reduction soil nutrient losses, there is good effect equally.

Along with the continuous lifting of agricultural products in China export ratio, agricultural will constantly be upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, soil fertility, therefore the angle promoted from change and the fertility of soil and fertilizer kind uses charcoal fertilizer, produces great prograding by the adjustment of China's structure of agricultural production and the lifting of export of farm produce comprehensive strength.

But due to charcoal light weight, in Powdered, take up space comparatively large, transport and storage cost higher, and also exist in using in farmland process and use the difficulty such as inconvenience, dust pollution, limit agricultural extension and the utilization of biomass charcoal.For this reason, the present inventor makes biomass charcoal base composite fertilizer by being coordinated with plurality of raw materials by biomass charcoal, the release period of fertilizer nutrient is extended by charcoal, reduce nutrient loss, Inorganic whisker thing then eliminates the defect of charcoal nutrient deficiency, thus accomplished making full use of charcoal, significant to agricultural high-effiency, ecology, environmental protection, Sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention compensate for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal of high utilization rate fertile and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the raw material of following weight part: earthworm excrement 35-55, ammonium polyphosphate 6-7, wood vinegar 8-12, sodium sulfate 4-5, residue from beans after making 40-60, medical stone 10-12, ammonium sulfate 4-6, fresh Enteromorpha 100-110, complex micro organism fungicide 5-7, wheat stalk 240-260, freshly voided urine 23-27, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with residue from beans after making, earthworm excrement, medical stone, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 40-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 2-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 18-23 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 450-550 DEG C, insulation charing 2-3 hour, again temperature is increased to 750-850 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add wood vinegar, sodium sulfate, at being heated to 55-65 DEG C, be incubated 50-70 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate, ammonium polyphosphate stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.8-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-11 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

Charcoal purity can be improved to the secondary charing of wheat stalk in step 2, and increase the number cells of charcoal further, improve its adsorptive power.

The method using wheat stalk powdered carbon repeatedly to adsorb in step 4 can improve the crystallized ability of charcoal to mixotrophism liquid Middle nutrition element, its huge specific surface area effectively can promote the formation of nitrogenous crystallization, and the loss of the nutritive element that drying process brings after preventing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The Enteromorpha added is except containing except carbon nitrogen organic composition, also containing small organic molecule and the natural phant such as growth hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins growth regulators such as sea grass polysaccharide, N.F,USP MANNITOL, alginic acid, also have 40 various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, ensure that and provide comprehensive nutrition supply to crop.

Earthworm excrement, residue from beans after making etc. that charcoal fertilizer of the present invention is added can improve the ability of fertilizer sustained release nutrient, the interpolation of wood vinegar, ammonium polyphosphate etc. has been enriched again the functional group of the fertile particle of charcoal and has improve specific surface area, Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils is added after being manured into soil, adsorb more nutrient ions, and can nutrient loss be avoided, thus improve soil fertility and fertilizer utilization efficiency, play certain Nutrient absorption and slow releasing function.

Specific embodiments

Below in conjunction with following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

The raw material taking following weight part (kg) is made: earthworm excrement 45, ammonium polyphosphate 6, wood vinegar 10, sodium sulfate 5, residue from beans after making 50, medical stone 11, ammonium sulfate 5, fresh Enteromorpha 105, complex micro organism fungicide 6, wheat stalk 250, freshly voided urine 25, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with residue from beans after making, earthworm excrement, medical stone, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 40-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, ferment 20 days, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 500 DEG C, insulation charing 3 hours, again temperature is increased to 800 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, carry out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add wood vinegar, sodium sulfate, at being heated to 60 DEG C, be incubated 60 minutes, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate, ammonium polyphosphate stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0, equiponderant three parts are divided into by after concentrated 10 times of mixed solution heating, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate using value of the present invention, the present inventor have chosen 20 mu of rice test fields and carries out compliance test result to charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, wherein 10 mu of experimental group use charcoal of the present invention fertilizer to use common fertilizer as base manure as base manure, another 10 mu of control groups, and mu fertilise is 1600kg, during paddy growth, all management modes are all identical, record experimental data as follows after maturation:

Project	Control group	Experimental group
			Soil available nitrogen content (mg/kg)	33.41	41.45

Ammonia nitrogen content (mg/L) in paddy field water either	1.97	0.68
			Disease and pest incidence (%)	4.7	2.2
Output (kg/ mu)	533	603
			Stimulation ratio (%)	——	13.13

After can finding out use charcoal fertilizer of the present invention from experimental data, the soil nutrient content of rice terrace significantly improves, decrease the nutritive loss of nitrogen loss to paddy field water either simultaneously, add the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, during paddy growth, disease and pest also significantly reduces, the quality of paddy rice is had greatly improved, finally obtain higher rice yield, have larger raising compared to control group productive rate.

Claims (2)

1. the wheat straw biologic charcoal of a high utilization rate is fertile and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: earthworm excrement 35-55, ammonium polyphosphate 6-7, wood vinegar 8-12, sodium sulfate 4-5, residue from beans after making 40-60, medical stone 10-12, ammonium sulfate 4-6, fresh Enteromorpha 100-110, complex micro organism fungicide 5-7, wheat stalk 240-260, freshly voided urine 23-27, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

2. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of the high utilization rate according to claims 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of preparation method are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with residue from beans after making, earthworm excrement, medical stone, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 40-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 2-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 18-23 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 450-550 DEG C, insulation charing 2-3 hour, again temperature is increased to 750-850 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add wood vinegar, sodium sulfate, at being heated to 55-65 DEG C, be incubated 50-70 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate, ammonium polyphosphate stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.8-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-11 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.