CN103493664A - Simplified cultivating method for dry-cure pepper - Google Patents
Simplified cultivating method for dry-cure pepper Download PDFInfo
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a simplified cultivating method for dry-cure pepper. The method improves the emergence rate, the planting percent and the strong seedling rate of direct-seeded seeds of pepper by covering and using direct-seeding nutrition balls and direct-seeding nutrition matrix. The method furhter solves the problems that surface layers in field direct seeding is prone to hardening due to the fact that soil temperature and humidity are affected by environment to be large in change to be unfavorable for seed emergence of pepper seeds and growth of seedlings. In addition, the method achieves practicability of pepper direct-seeding techniques and widens popularization and application ranges. By means of black film covering and direct seeding cultivation, the problems of weed growth in fields and serious pepper lodging are effectively solved, minimal tillage or zero tillage in fields are achieved, the use of weed killers is reduced, specific fertilizers are screened through tests to solve the problem of one-time fertilization in pepper production, additional fertilizers are avoided in pepper production on the premise of avoiding output reduction of peppers, and the problem of harvesting dry-cure scatter and fresh peppers at one time in a concentrated mode is solved. Thus, the purposes of achieving low cost production of peppers and improving pepper quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of agricultural sciences, particularly a kind of drying capsicum is gently simplified cultivation method.
Background technology
Realize that light the simplification is one of effective way reduced production costs.Along with the development of capsicum industry, home and abroad no matter, the raising of gently simplifying culture technique is to promote one of key factor that capsicum produces always.Particularly in recent years, the development of domestic industry and urbanization, rural laborer's resource shifts in a large number, and rural laborer's resource in stay-at-home soil has started to have occurred the circumstances of relative deficiency, even caused the part farmland idle, this phenomenon has caused social concern.Development Labor-saving agricultural is one of more effective approach to alleviating current contradiction.Traditional pepper cultivation exists the reasons such as cargo handling operation is cumbersome, collecting time is long, and time-consuming, labor cost is higher, and the raising of labor productivity is restricted.In production practices, this factor has become the major reason of restriction capsicum production sustainable development.Therefore, the light simplification technology that capsicum produces seems particularly important.
Aspect the light simplification research of pepper cultivation, mainly live by adopting, no-tillage and few results realize at present.The domestic marked achievement obtaining aspect the research of capsicum production Labor-saving culture technique mainly contains " capsicum plastic mulching Direct Hole Sowing ", " plastic mulching cultivation technology " etc.The advantage of capsicum plastic mulching Direct Hole Sowing is that seedling is not transplanted, and does not cut off main root, thereby well developed root system, resistant to lodging, drought resisting, and high-output stress-resistance, plant strain growth is strong, and the side shoot germination is strong.Plastic mulching cultivation technology is to develop comparatively ripe Labor-saving culture technique, and its advantage is to have improved the preserving soil moisture fertilizer-preserving ability, suppress weed growth, guarantee loosing soil, thereby realizes that field exempts from (or minimizing) intertill and clean tillage, saves the labour.The single fertilization technology is the supporting technology of plastic mulching cultivation technology, in production, is widely applied.But the single fertilization technology is gone back imperfection at the aspects such as fertilizer ratio, slowly-releasing and research, often causes waste or the poor effect of fertilizer in production.Disposable results technical elements in capsicum is relative less with research.1990-1992, the scientific research institution of Korea S has carried out characterization and evaluation to the hot pepper germ plasm resource that can disposablely gather, in 1993, utilize wherein comparatively ideal disposable results material to carry out crossbreeding and improvement, final by the continuous self cross and selection in many generations, be bred as comparatively good disposable results kind " saeny-ryeog216 ", in the Labor-saving cultivar seed selection of capsicum, obtained and break through.In a word, many achievements have been obtained aspect the research application of the domestic and international Labor-saving culture technique in capsicum and breed breeding thereof, bringing into play and will bring into play huge economic benefit, but its research application is all also very limited, the domestic capsicum variety of also not cultivating special adaptation Labor-saving cultivation, the culture technique of many Labor-savings is improved not enough and is supporting.Realizing optimization, the transformation and integrated of Labor-saving culture technique, and realize the breed breeding matched with it, is the main direction of studying at present.
At present, a kind of clusterred pepper mulch film Direct Hole Sowing is arranged, compare with seedling transplanting technique, can reduce and grow seedlings and transplant two programs, save manpower and investment.Plastic mulching is live more late than the seedling raising and transplanting sowing, but the rice shoot well developed root system grows fast.Because transplanting method has the seedling-slowing stage of 7～10 days, the two growing process in fact difference is little.In the situation that current labour is becoming tight day by day and the recruitment expense improves constantly and capsicum production presents scale scale, a kind of trend of the live replacement seedling raising and transplanting of plastic mulching concentrated.But this technology only can meet in conditions such as soil, weathers the effect that just can receive under the condition of the normal germinating growth of capsicum fully, limitation is larger.One of characteristics of this technology are that seed directly is sown in the earth that 1-1.5cm is dark, under the weather and soil condition in many areas, the moisture of topsoil and temperature still change larger with this understanding, as fast as water loss, easily harden, too high or too low for temperature etc.These are all directly to affect pepper seed germination, emerge and the key factor of normal growth, therefore in vast pepper planting zone, often occur germinateing irregular, and planting percent is low, and the effect of this technology is difficult to such an extent that do not guarantee.This technology often needs to use in a large number weed killer herbicide or other method to carry out field weeding, could control the weeds in field growth, and soil environment and planting cost are affected.Because adopting common ground film, this technology covers, in sowing in the field, under the condition of not using weed killer herbicide, in sowing, germinate and seedling growth stage, because temperature in the shed is suitable, in film, weed growth is often very luxuriant, very easily affects the normal germinating growth of pepper seed.Simultaneously, capsicum is longer in the relative conventional cultivation time time of grown in field, and the middle and later periods mulch film is badly broken usually, and weeds are once exposing face, due to the mulch film effect, and more prosperous length, therefore mulch film can lose the inhibitory action of weeds.Therefore, this technology must fully be carried out the inhibition work of weeds in field.This technology field management is still more complicated.This technology is compared with conventional cultivation, and its hypervisor is basic identical, still needs to carry out intertill and clean tillage and the work of topdressing, and lacks simplification and the decrement of operation are improved.This technology adopts pepper seed directly is sowed in field soil, due to the field soil optimum carrier of pepper seed germination and growth of seedling not necessarily, for germination and the strong seedling culture of pepper seed, can have a certain impact.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of drying capsicum gently to simplify cultivation method, it can improve the live percentage of seedgermination of capsicum, planting percent and strong sprout rate, and field management is simple, has enlarged the popularization scope of application of capsicum direct seeding technique.
Of the present inventionly be achieved in that drying capsicum gently simplifies cultivation method, comprise the steps:
1) site preparation and fertilization: carry out whole ground ridging, apply base manure in ridging, base manure comprises cow dung, biological organic fertilizer and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and the consumption of base manure is to execute 500 kilograms of cow dungs, 100 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 30 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for every mu; Living bacteria count in biological organic fertilizer >=2,000 ten thousand, organic mass ratio >=25%, the mass ratio of N, P, K >=20%; In Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, the mass ratio that the mass ratio that the mass ratio of N is 15%, P is 15%, K is 15%;
2) epiphragma: in 1-3 days, ridge is covered stand-by with black mulch film prior to seeding;
3) sowing: punch on the face mulch film of railway carriage or compartment, after hole is accomplished fluently, live nutrition ball is put into to hole, compacting, make the nutrition ball fully contact with soil, and the rear program request seed that waters after seed is broadcast, then covers live matrix;
4) thinning and filling the gaps with seedlings: when seedling grows to 3-4 sheet true leaf, carry out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a little less than staying and going by force, seedling 2-3 strain is stayed in every cave, and the strong rice shoot gone out between utilization, supply scarce cave;
5) Seedling Stage management: thinning and the rear regular spraying pesticide of filling the gaps with seedlings;
6) field management: weeding in time, insect protected, assurance irrigation water abundance, reach the green mature phase or the drying capsicum of clustering during at the red ripe 65-75% of fruit in scattered drying capsicum at 7-8 platform fruit, the every mu of ethrel 100g that is 40% by mass percent adds in 40kg water and is sprayed, and impels pepper fruit neat red ripe;
7) gather: after 1-3 platform arnotto is ripe, gather for the first time; Then after 4-8 platform arnotto is ripe, disposable gathering; Cluster the gathering of capsicum carried out disposable gathering when the red ripe 75-85% of fruit.
The preparation of the live nutrition ball adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, and after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtains composite material A; And then umber by volume, get 65-75 part composite material A, 12-18 part vermiculite and 12-18 part perlite are mixed, and obtain composite material B; By weight, in 90-110 part composite material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer and 4-6 part binder to be mixed finally, obtain composite material C; Calculate by weight, in 90-110 part composite material C, add 8-10 part water (pinching agglomerating by hand, but pushing not water outlet is advisable), then will add the composite material C of water pack into mould inner pressure be shaped (the large I of mould specification as required the nutrition ball size and determine, be generally internal diameter 2-3 centimetre, high 2 centimetres cylindrical), after dry behaviour, (dry standard is: with hand, pinch the hardening of nutrition ball in taking-up, tack-free, indeformable being advisable), obtain live nutrition ball.
Live nutrition bulb diameter after shaping is 2-3cm, and height is 2cm, and it is 1cm that the top of live nutrition ball is provided with a diameter, and hole, Shen1cm garden, for playing seed.
The preparation of the live matrix adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, and after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtains host material A; And then umber by volume, get 75-85 part host material A, 8-12 part vermiculite and 8-12 part perlite are mixed, and obtain host material B; By weight, in 90-110 part host material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer finally, 1-2 part carbendazim, 0.05-0.15 part copper sulphate is mixed, and obtains host material C; By volume umber calculates, and host material C is carried out to mixed in equal amounts with garden earth to be sowed, and obtains live nutrient matrix.
The sowing time described in step 3) be March 25 to April 15, seeding quantity is every cave 5-8 grain, after seed is broadcast, then covers the live nutrient matrix of 1-1.5cm.
After step 3) has been sowed, cover tangerine bar or sunshade net on live nutrient matrix.
The present invention utilizes black film to cover, in conjunction with utilizing the heat and moisture preserving measure such as shelter from heat or light of the winter stubble crop such as stalk, sunshade net or rape, wheat, guarantee the relative constant temperature and humidity of film endosexine soil, utilize the lighttight characteristics of black film, suppress the weeds in field growth, effectively reduce the consumption of weeding recruitment and weed killer herbicide, effectively the weed growth in sowing time, reach the purpose that guarantees the live rear normal germination of capsicum and growth.
Utilize the water retaining function of water-loss reducer in special live nutrition ball and live nutrient matrix, the bonding function of binder, vermiculite, perlite increase the light and loose penetrating function of matrix, the disinfection function of basic copper sulfate, carbendazim, the trophic function that tangerine bar, barnyard manure, humus soil etc. are organic etc., proportioning is combined into live nutrition ball and matrix, guarantees that capsicum germinates and growth of seedling, improve germination rate, planting percent and strong sprout rate.
Utilize the long-acting and slowly-releasing characteristics of barnyard manure, bio-fertilizer, fertilizer, the disposable fertilizer that uses sufficient, realize single fertilization prior to seeding, reduces the fertilising recruitment.
The present invention is by covering and use live nutrition ball and live nutrient matrix to process, improve the live percentage of seedgermination of capsicum, planting percent and strong sprout rate, solve the sowing in the field mesexine because of soil temperature, easy affected by environment the variation greatly of humidity, be easy to harden etc. and be unfavorable for pepper seed germination and growth of seedling problem, realize the practical of capsicum direct seeding technique, enlarge the popularization scope of application of capsicum direct seeding technique; And in the solution pepper cultivation, the field management link is more, complex procedures, time-consuming problem, by simplifying and the decrement improvement, when reducing workload and input cost, guaranteed yield of hot pepper, improved quality, improved the pepper planting benefit, solved capsicum and exempt to intertill the production problem.Cover and direct sowing culture by black film, effectively suppressed the growth of weeds in field and the problem of capsicum serious lodging, realize that field is minimal tilled or no-tillage, reduce weed killer herbicide and use.Solve the single fertilization problem that capsicum produces, by test, filter out wide accommodation, easily, consumption is reasonable in the fertilizer source, and lower-cost single fertilization compatibility is realized under the prerequisite that can guarantee the not underproduction of capsicum, spraying fertilizer not in capsicum produces; Solved the disposable concentrated results problem of drying scattered capsicum; Promote the main body fruit growth by plucking ahead of time 1-3 platform fruit, and use rational chemical slaking technology, can guarantee yield of hot pepper, can effectively improve quality again, realized concentrating simultaneously and gathered.The present invention can guarantee that the live planting percent of capsicum reaches more than 95%, and strong seedling rate 80%, as long as the seed quality assurance not there will be scarce cave substantially; Can guarantee the capsicum normal growth, yield and quality and conventional breeding are transplanted quite, but can save the amount of labour 100 man-hour/mu, and the input and output rate improves more than 10 percentage points.Can realize the low-cost production of capsicum.Traditional pepper planting mode operation link complexity, labour's input amount is large, and average every batch need to be dropped into amount of labour 300-400 man-hour/mu, and the amount of labour in 1 man-hour of every input is gathered in the crops about 2-3 unit, and labor productivity is lower.And adopt this planting technology, and can realize the launch-work of decrease throwing work, reach the purpose of cost-saving synergistic.The negative effect that overcomes Rural Areas at Present labour relative deficiency is had to realistic price.The statistics demonstration, go out to do manual work in rural area approximately 85% young labour, and the rear personnel mostly is the elderly and child.Therefore, can be engaged in the useful labor power population relative deficiency that soil produces.In capsicum produces, because causing the underproduction loss of capsicum, labour's reason happens occasionally.The application of this technology is conducive to the alleviation of this contradiction, produces larger economic results in society.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention: drying capsicum is gently simplified cultivation method, comprises the steps:
1) site preparation and fertilization: before after autumn freeze-up, the deep ploughing soil, more than degree of depth 25cm, be conducive to kill the worm state of surviving the winter, sow rape or wheat after autumn, stop the position of plantation capsicum, general rape and wheat all can adopt wide-narrow row planting, 90 centimetres of wide row, 40 centimetres of narrow rows, wide row is as continuous cropping plantation capsicum, 10-15 days before the capsicum sowing, pull out weeds in field, with instruments such as rotovators, soil block is revolved and carefully rakes, then according to direction, ground is block-shaped, the landform tendency is determined the trend of furrow, the general East and West direction of selecting, with the setting-out of wide-and narrow-row form, 80 centimetres of wide row, 50 centimetres of narrow rows, with wide behavior ridge, narrow row is ditch, before ridging, execute 500 kilograms of cow dungs by mu, biological organic fertilizer (living bacteria count >=2,000 ten thousand, organic >=25%, N, P, K >=20%) 100 kilograms, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (15% N, 15% P, 15%K) the standard of 30 kilograms, evenly apply in wide row, then with the instruments such as the rotovator ridging of turning over, fertilizer is sneaked in the soil of ridge uniformly, the ridge coca is according to the rainfall of planting area, soil, position, plot etc. is adjusted, generally ridge is high is advisable with 15-20cm, the plot of plantation rape and wheat, apply fertilizer equally in wide row, turned over, fertilizer is sneaked in soil, need should cultivate with wide-and narrow-row with the rape of capsicum crop rotation and the plantation of wheat, general wide row 80-90cm, narrow row 40-50cm, wide row is as sowing capsicum spring,
2) epiphragma: after site preparation and fertilization, as the rainy day, plot is irrigated, during epiphragma, soil moisture content is advisable at 30-40%.As do not met heavy rain sowing time, can carry out the manual watering, the degree of watering reaches thoroughly and irrigates, and water content reaches standard and is advisable; After water irrigates, once loosen the soil, serious railway carriage or compartment, the ridge clod of caking is broken thin, and railway carriage or compartment face soil group material diameter is less than 0.5cm, and railway carriage or compartment face having peace of mind is raked, and then uses wide 1-1.2m, thickly is greater than 0.01 millimeter black mulch film and ridge is covered stand-by; Generally at membrane cover, sow in good rear 3 days better;
3) sowing: carry out in March 25 to April 15, with bamboo bar or the pole of diameter 2cm, press the duplicate rows punching on the face mulch film of railway carriage or compartment, line-spacing 50-60cm, cave is apart from 30-40cm, about hole depth 3cm, after hole is accomplished fluently, live nutrition ball is put into to hole, compacting, with soil, fully contact, the rear program request seed that waters, kill the requirement of cutworm agricultural chemicals by medicine when watering, the cutworm agricultural chemicals is applied in soil, the every cave of seeding quantity 5-8 grain, after seed is broadcast, then cover the live matrix of 1-1.5 centimetre; Outdoor cropping cover again tangerine bar or sunshade net (sow at the rape of results not and wheatland, can not cover, after rape and harvesting wheat, then the tangerine bar is extracted and is covered on the face of railway carriage or compartment) in the ranks;
The preparation of the live nutrition ball adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, and after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtains composite material A; And then umber by volume, get 65-75 part composite material A, 12-18 part vermiculite and 12-18 part perlite are mixed, and obtain composite material B; By weight, in 90-110 part composite material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer and 4-6 part binder to be mixed finally, obtain composite material C; Calculate by weight, in 90-110 part composite material C, add 8-10 part water (pinching agglomerating by hand, but pushing not water outlet is advisable), then will add the composite material C of water pack into mould inner pressure be shaped (the large I of mould specification as required the nutrition ball size and determine, be generally internal diameter 2-3 centimetre, high 2 centimetres cylindrical), after dry behaviour, take out, obtain live nutrition ball; Live nutrition bulb diameter after shaping is 2-3cm, and height is 2cm, and it is 1cm that the top of live nutrition ball is provided with a diameter, and hole, Shen1cm garden, for playing seed;
The preparation of the live matrix adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, and after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtains host material A; And then umber by volume, get 75-85 part host material A, 8-12 part vermiculite and 8-12 part perlite are mixed, and obtain host material B; By weight, in 90-110 part host material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer finally, 1-2 part carbendazim, 0.05-0.15 part copper sulphate is mixed, and obtains host material C; By volume umber calculates, and host material C is carried out to mixed in equal amounts with garden earth to be sowed, and obtains live nutrient matrix; Live nutrient matrix generally should be now with the current at seeding time, adds appropriate water during stirring, and amount of water can be agglomerating to stir that rear hand pinches, and after the hand pine, can scatter and be as the criterion;
4) thinning and filling the gaps with seedlings: when seedling grows to 3-4 sheet true leaf, carry out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a little less than staying and going by force, seedling 2-3 strain is stayed in every cave, and the strong rice shoot gone out between utilization, supply scarce cave;
5) Seedling Stage management: thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings after, every 1 week, with 1500 times of liquid of DDT EC of 80%, spray 1 time, totally spray 2-3 time, prevent the insect seedling of causing harm; Seedling cotyledon after launching unplugs the coverings such as tangerine bar that are placed on cave, exposes seedling;
6) field management: weeding in time, insect protected, assurance irrigation water abundance, reach the green mature phase or the drying capsicum of clustering during at the red ripe 65-75% of fruit in scattered drying capsicum at 7-8 platform fruit, the every mu of ethrel 100g that is 40% by mass percent adds in 40kg water and is sprayed, and impels pepper fruit neat red ripe;
7) gather: after 1-3 platform arnotto is ripe, gather for the first time; Then after 4-8 platform arnotto is ripe, disposable gathering; Cluster the gathering of capsicum carried out disposable gathering when the red ripe 75-85% of fruit.
The scheme of embodiment 1 is year October in October, 2010 to 2012, and in pepper in Guizhou province research institute (Honghuagang District Xin Pu town, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province institute of silkworm section), regional pepper cultivation experimental field carries out, testing ground area 600 ㎡.Within 2011, the test kind is Guizhou Native capsicum variety " Suiyang group particle " (scattered drying capsicum variety) and " Jianhe capsicum annum fasciculatum " (drying capsicum variety clusters), sowing time is April 1, each test kind 50g of sowing number, Suiyang group's particle germination rate is 91.45%, survival rate of seedling is 97.34%, Jianhe capsicum annum fasciculatum germination rate is 88.73%, and survival rate of seedling is 95.76%; Within 2012, the test kind is identical with 2011 with seeding quantity, and Suiyang group particle germination rate is 90.28%, and survival rate of seedling is 97.77%, and Jianhe capsicum annum fasciculatum germination rate is 89.54%, and survival rate of seedling is 96.51%.
Claims (6)
1. a drying capsicum is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) site preparation and fertilization: carry out whole ground ridging, apply base manure in ridging, base manure comprises cow dung, biological organic fertilizer and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, and the consumption of base manure is to execute 500 kilograms of cow dungs, 100 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 30 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for every mu; Living bacteria count in biological organic fertilizer >=2,000 ten thousand, organic mass ratio >=25%, the mass ratio of N, P, K >=20%; In Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, the mass ratio that the mass ratio that the mass ratio of N is 15%, P is 15%, K is 15%;
2) epiphragma: in 1-3 days, ridge is covered stand-by with black mulch film prior to seeding;
3) sowing: punch on the face mulch film of railway carriage or compartment, after hole is accomplished fluently, live nutrition ball is put into to hole, compacting, make the nutrition ball fully contact with soil, and the rear program request seed that waters after seed is broadcast, then covers live matrix;
4) thinning and filling the gaps with seedlings: when seedling grows to 3-4 sheet true leaf, carry out thinning and fill the gaps with seedlings, a little less than staying and going by force, seedling 2-3 strain is stayed in every cave, and the strong rice shoot gone out between utilization, supply scarce cave;
5) Seedling Stage management: thinning and the rear regular spraying pesticide of filling the gaps with seedlings;
6) field management: weeding in time, insect protected, assurance irrigation water abundance, reach the green mature phase or the drying capsicum of clustering during at the red ripe 65-75% of fruit in scattered drying capsicum at 7-8 platform fruit, the every mu of ethrel 100g that is 40% by mass percent adds in 40kg water and is sprayed, and impels pepper fruit neat red ripe;
7) gather: after 1-3 platform arnotto is ripe, gather for the first time; Then after 4-8 platform arnotto is ripe, disposable gathering; Cluster the gathering of capsicum carried out disposable gathering when the red ripe 75-85% of fruit.
2. drying capsicum according to claim 1 is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the preparation of the live nutrition ball adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, and by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtain composite material A; And then umber by volume, get 65-75 part composite material A, 12-18 part vermiculite and 12-18 part perlite are mixed, and obtain composite material B; By weight, in 90-110 part composite material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer and 4-6 part binder to be mixed finally, obtain composite material C; Calculate by weight, in 90-110 part composite material C, add 8-10 part water, then will add the composite material C of the water mould inner pressure of packing into to be shaped, take out after dry behaviour, obtain live nutrition ball.
3. drying capsicum according to claim 2 is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the live nutrition bulb diameter after shaping is 2-3cm, and height is 2cm, and it is 1cm that the top of live nutrition ball is provided with a diameter, and hole, Shen1cm garden, for playing seed.
4. drying capsicum according to claim 1 is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the preparation of the live matrix adopted in step 3) is, corn stalk is crushed to below 2cm, by volume umber calculates, and by 65-75 part corn stalk, 15-25 part humus soil and 15-25 part cow dung are stacked fermentation after mixing, after complete fermentation, the materials that ferment are dried or dry, with cracker, dried feed is ground into to the particle of 0.3-0.8mm, obtain host material A; And then umber by volume, get 75-85 part host material A, 8-12 part vermiculite and 8-12 part perlite are mixed, and obtain host material B; By weight, in 90-110 part host material B, add 4-6 part water-loss reducer finally, 1-2 part carbendazim, 0.05-0.15 part copper sulphate is mixed, and obtains host material C; By volume umber calculates, and host material C is carried out to mixed in equal amounts with garden earth to be sowed, and obtains live nutrient matrix.
5. drying capsicum according to claim 1 is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the sowing time described in step 3) be March 25 to April 15, seeding quantity is every cave 5-8 grain, after seed is broadcast, then covers the live nutrient matrix of 1-1.5cm.
6. drying capsicum according to claim 1 is gently simplified cultivation method, it is characterized in that: after step 3) has been sowed, cover tangerine bar or sunshade net on live nutrient matrix.
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