CN103238425A - Atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method - Google Patents
Atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines, particularly to an atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method. The atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method is characterized in that atractylodes ovate seeds are soaked for 24 hours in warm water with the temperature of 25 to 30 DEG C when seeding; then the atractylodes ovata seeds are taken out of the warm water to perform pregermination; water can be sprayed on beds when sowing; ditching is performed to sow when the water infiltrates surface soil and the surface soil is slightly fried; soil is covered in a flat mode after sowing; and watering is performed after slightly pressing. The atractylodes ovata can be transplanted in the winter after the seedling, but in plateau cold regions, the atractylodes ovata needs to be stored in winner and transplanted in spring. The atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method has the advantages of being good in seedling effect and high in survival rate of transplanting, serving as an effect method for atractylodes ovata planting, being an effect way for popularizing atractylodes ovata planting and enabling per mu yield to be increased by 21.4 %.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Chinese herbal medicine cultivation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of bighead atractylodes rhizome method for culturing and transplanting seedlings.
Background technology
The bighead atractylodes rhizome is perennial herb, and happiness is nice and cool
Weather, be used as medicine with rhizome, have multinomial medicinal function.Its morphological feature is perennial herb, plant height 30～80cm.The rhizome plumpness is thick, slightly is the fist shape, lark, and stem is upright, the base portion lignification.The leaf alternate, the leaf of the lower portion of the stem has long handle, blade 3 drastic cracks or pinniform 5 drastic cracks, edge tool thorn-like tooth; Stem top petiole is gradually short, and blade does not divide, ovalize or ovum shape lanceolar.The capitulum list is born in the branch end, and shape is big; 7 layers～8 layers of phyllarys, base portion is surrounded by taking turns pinnatipartite lobate involucre; Spending most giving birth on smooth holder, is tubular flower entirely, the corolla purple; Stamen 5, synandrium, flower pesticide is linear; Gynoecium 1, ovary is the next.The oval shape ellipse of achene, flat slightly, surperficial by fine hair, pappus pinniform.July at florescence～September, really September phase～November.Its effect is: strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, and eliminating dampness Li Shui, hidroschesis, antiabortive.It is few to be used for insufficiency of the spleen food, and abdominal distension is had loose bowels, and phlegm and retained fluid is dizzy throbs with fear, oedema, and spontaneous perspiration, the fetal irritability bighead atractylodes rhizome is the dry rhizome of the feverfew bighead atractylodes rhizome, has another name called in art, Zhejiang art, winter art etc.Function such as tool tonifying spleen stomach invigorating, dry Wen Lishui, hidroschesis are antiabortive.
The nice and cool weather of bighead atractylodes rhizome happiness is afraid of how wet high temperature is, and the root growth preference temperature is 26 ℃～28 ℃, and mid-August to late September is that rhizome expands the fastest period.Seed is sprouted easily, and the germination thermophilic is about 20 ℃, and needs than juicy, and general water absorption is heavy 3 times～4 times of seed.Seed longevity is 1 year.The medicinal part of the bighead atractylodes rhizome is the rhizome part, long 3～13cm, diameter 1.5～7cm.
The surfaceLark or ash
Palm fibre Look, strumae and interrupted vertical wrinkle and rill are arranged, and have mark of fibrous root, top that residual stem foot and bud trace are arranged.The hard not frangibility of matter, the section unevenness, yellow-white has the point-like grease chamber of pale brown look to be dispersed in to light brown; Oven dry person's angle of rupture matter sample, look dark or the crack arranged.Gas delicate fragrance, sweet, little suffering of distinguishing the flavor of, the slightly stickiness of chewing.It is wild that the bighead atractylodes rhizome mostly is, and the artificial planting area is few, bigger according to herbal pharmaceutical demand gap, and studying a kind of bighead atractylodes rhizome kind method for planting becomes the urgent need problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bighead atractylodes rhizome method for culturing and transplanting seedlings, effectively solve the technological difficulties of the artificial planting bighead atractylodes rhizome, increase output, improve bighead atractylodes rhizome planting benefit, promote the enthusiasm of the peasant planting bighead atractylodes rhizome.
In order to overcome the prior art defective, realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical step that the present invention takes is as follows:
1, grow seedlings and select the novel species of full seed, no damage by disease and insect, immersion is 24 hours in 25 ℃～30 ℃ warm water, pulls vernalization out.Sow in late March to early April, type of seeding is with drilling or broadcast sowing and be advisable.Before the sowing, spray water at furrow earlier, treat to ooze under water table soil dried slightly after, press line-spacing 15cm water furrow planting, ditch depth 4～6cm, sown scope 7～9cm, bottom of trench will be put down, and it is flat to broadcast back earthing retaining, suppression a little, water water again 1 time, every mu with kind of a 4kg seed, broadcasts sowing to after treating to ooze under water, after seed evenly is sprinkled into, cover shallow soil and get final product, every mu of available kind of 5kg seed.Broadcast back about 15 days and emerge, before transplanting to winter, can cultivate bright bighead atractylodes rhizome seedling about 400kg for every mu.
2, just can transplant winter then after transplanting is grown seedlings, but cold plateau area, bighead atractylodes rhizome seedling needs the Tibetan spring in winter to plant.Bloom with not leaf development then, the main bud stalwartness, rhizome is little and neat.Cut off fibrous root, open the ditch of dark 10cm by line-spacing 25cm, enter in the ditch by about spacing in the rows 15cm art being planted, the bud point up, and is and equal with ground.Plant the both sides, back and suppress a little, after all having planted, water big flood again 1 time.The bright art of general every mu of need is planted 50～60kg.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is that nursery effect is good, and the transplanting survival rate height is the effective ways of bighead atractylodes rhizome plantation, becomes the effective way that bighead atractylodes rhizome plantation is promoted.Per mu yield can increase production 21.4% according to a kind of bighead atractylodes rhizome method for culturing and transplanting seedlings of planting experiment the present invention, and economic benefit can increase by 360 yuan, is the effective ways of the peasant planting bighead atractylodes rhizome.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Zhangye Prefecture, Gansu planting matrix be described further
Example 1, a kind of bighead atractylodes rhizome method for culturing and transplanting seedlings concrete steps are as follows:
(1). the selection fertility is general with growing seedlings, draining is good for choosing ground, whole ground, the sandy loam of high and dry, ventilating cool, executes farmyard manure 2000kg for every mu and makes base manure, ploughs deeply 20cm, rakes and puts in order carefully, makes the wide furrow of 1～1.2m.That the land for growing field crops should be selected is fertile, ventilate, nice and cool, well-drained sandy loam, avoids continuous cropping.Before plant crop harvesting after, execute farmyard manure 4000kg for every mu, join and execute 50kg superphosphate and make base manure, plough deeply the furrow that 20cm makes wide 1～1.5m.
(2) grow seedlings and select the novel species of full seed, no damage by disease and insect, immersion is 24 hours in 25 ℃～30 ℃ warm water, pulls vernalization out.Sow in late March to early April, type of seeding is with drilling or broadcast sowing and be advisable.Before the sowing, spray water at furrow earlier, treat to ooze under water table soil dried slightly after, press line-spacing 15cm water furrow planting, ditch depth 4～6cm, sown scope 7～9cm, bottom of trench will be put down, it is flat to broadcast back earthing retaining, suppresses a little, waters water again 1 time, every mu with about kind of 4kg.The person of broadcasting sowing after treating to ooze under water, after seed evenly is sprinkled into, is covered shallow soil and is got final product, about every mu of available kind of 5kg.Broadcast the back and emerged in about about 15 days, before transplanting to winter, can cultivate about 400kg bright art for every mu and plant.
(3) transplant then and just can transplant winter, but Zhangye cold in winter, art is planted and is needed the winter to hide the spring to plant.Art is planted with not leaf development then and is bloomed, the main bud stalwartness, and rhizome is little and neat, and the big person of almond is good.Cut off fibrous root, open the ditch of dark 10cm by line-spacing 25cm, enter in the ditch by about spacing in the rows 15cm art being planted, the bud point up, and is and equal with ground.Plant the both sides, back and suppress a little, after all having planted, water big flood again 1 time.The bright art of general every mu of need is planted 50～60kg.
(4) come up back weeding in time and by spacing in the rows 4～6cm thinning of field management.As the weather arid, can between strain, litter, to reduce water evaporates.Area with good conditionsi can be early, water evening or utilize sprinkling irrigation to carry out drought resisting.The growth later stage should in time extract as finding leaf development.(2) field management.Come up between May, weeds in field is numerous, and it is diligent that intertill and clean tillage is wanted, and several leading intertillage can be answered shallow hoe more later on.After mid-May, plant enters the growth most productive period, generally no longer intertillage, and if any weeds, available hand-lifting removes between strain.Mid-June, plant began to budding, and went up general July, extract flower bud before blooming the middle ten days after buddingging in batches.Pluck flower bud and be conducive to improve output and the quality of bighead atractylodes rhizome rhizome.Bighead atractylodes rhizome growth period needs sufficient moisture, and especially the rhizome expanding stage more needs moisture, the irrigation if the chance arid should in time be watered.Like rain the draining in time of back ponding.Before and after buddingging, can topdress 1 time, every mu in the ranks ditch spread urea 20kg and composite fertilizer 30kg, executes the back earthing, waters.Pluck 1 week behind the flower bud, can topdress again 1 time.It should be noted, weeding, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, pluck the operation of field such as flower bud and all should after dew is done, carry out.
(4). extermination of disease and insect pest bighead atractylodes rhizome damage by disease and insect is more, and normal have is following several:
1. damping off.Easily sending out of low temperature and high relative humidity, the multiple art of being born in is planted ground, the rhizome of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: reduce field humidity; Their early stage is with 1000 times of liquid pourings of 50% carbendazim.2. iron flake disease.Claim leaf blight again.Start April, June～August is particularly serious, the blade of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: remove diseased plant; Their early stage was sprayed with 50% methyl or 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim with 1: 1: 100 bordeaux mixture, the later stage.3. southern blight.Claim the rhizome rot again.Period of disease is with the iron flake disease, the rhizome of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: with the gramineous crop crop rotation; Remove diseased plant, and with the quicklime powder disease cave of sterilizing; 4. root rot.Claim root rot again.Period of disease is with the iron flake disease, and is heavy especially during high humidity, the root of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: breeding resistant variety; With the gramineous crop crop rotation, or rice field-upland field rotation; Soaked seed 5 minutes～10 minutes with 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim before the plantation; Their early stage waters the lesion with 50% carbendazim or 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl.In the soil insect serious area that causes harm, available 1000 times～1500 times liquid Rogor or 800 times of liquid chlorophos pourings.5. rust starts May, the blade of causing harm.Prevent and treat method: the cleaning rural area; Their early stage is sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of 25% triadimefon.In addition, still there are stalk break, mosaic disease, aphid, root-knot nematode, southern dodder, black cutworm etc. to cause harm.Gathering banned use of any agricultural chemicals in preceding 7 days～10 days, and whole growth forbids to use high-toxic pesticide season.Four, gather late October to mid-November, when bighead atractylodes rhizome cauline leaf begins to wither, rhizome is dug, cut off the stem stalk.
(5), the technology bighead atractylodes rhizome of reserving seed for planting reserves seed for planting to be divided into and selects good strains in the field for seed and sheet choosing, the former can improve seed purity.Generally July～August, select robust plant, branch is little, leaf is big, bud is flat and big person reserves seed for planting maternal plant.Extract the bud open late or early to open, whenever select good strains in the field for seed and stay 5～6 buds for well.In November go up, gather seed the middle ten days.Fine plant has been dug of choosing cut underground rhizome, and the overground part bundle is become wisp, and the reversal of the natural order of things after-ripening in 20～30 days of drying in the air under eaves was shone 1～2 days then, threshing, raises and removes floss and flat seed, in pack into cloth bag or the gunnysack, hangs over the ventilating and cooling place and preserves.Notice that bighead atractylodes rhizome seed can not shine for a long time, otherwise can reduce germination rate.
Claims (1)
1. a bighead atractylodes rhizome method for culturing and transplanting seedlings is characterized in that comprising following technical scheme:
(1), select the novel species of full seed, no damage by disease and insect, immersion is 24 hours in 25 ℃～30 ℃ warm water, pulls vernalization out; Sow in late March to early April, before the sowing, spray water at furrow earlier, treat to ooze under water the table soil dried slightly after, press line-spacing 15cm water furrow planting, ditch depth 4～6cm, sown scope 7～9cm, bottom of trench will be put down, and it is flat to broadcast back earthing retaining, water is watered in suppression again 1 time a little, and every mu with kind of a 4kg seed, broadcast sowing to after treating to ooze under water, after seed evenly is sprinkled into, cover shallow soil and get final product, every mu of available kind of 5kg seed; Broadcast back about 15 days and emerge, before transplanting to winter, can cultivate bright bighead atractylodes rhizome seedling about 400kg for every mu;
(2), just can transplant winter then after growing seedlings, but cold plateau area, bighead atractylodes rhizome seedling needs the winter to hide the spring to plant; Bloom with not leaf development then, the main bud stalwartness, rhizome is little and neat, cuts off fibrous root, opens the ditch of dark 10cm by line-spacing 25cm, enters in the ditch by about spacing in the rows 15cm art being planted, and the bud point is up, and is and equal with ground; Plant the both sides, back and suppress a little, after all having planted, water big flood again 1 time, the bright art of general every mu of need is planted 50～60kg.
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| CN 201210023533 CN103238425A (en) | 2012-02-02 | 2012-02-02 | Atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method |
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| CN 201210023533 CN103238425A (en) | 2012-02-02 | 2012-02-02 | Atractylodes ovata seedling and transplanting method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170619A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆市黔昆生态农业开发有限公司 | Good-quality high-yield planting method for Chinese medical herbs |
| CN105123218A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 莫玲 | Atractylodes macrocephala koidz planting method |
| CN105248104A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | 界首市民兴家庭农场 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae |
| CN108739121A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 竹溪县绿之恋园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivation method of sowthistle |
| CN111802199A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-23 | 德生堂(江苏)医药有限责任公司 | Planting and processing method of pure natural organic traditional Chinese medicine bighead atractylodes rhizome |
-
2012
- 2012-02-02 CN CN 201210023533 patent/CN103238425A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170619A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆市黔昆生态农业开发有限公司 | Good-quality high-yield planting method for Chinese medical herbs |
| CN105123218A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 莫玲 | Atractylodes macrocephala koidz planting method |
| CN105248104A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | 界首市民兴家庭农场 | Pollution-free high-yield planting method of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae |
| CN108739121A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-06 | 竹溪县绿之恋园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivation method of sowthistle |
| CN111802199A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-23 | 德生堂(江苏)医药有限责任公司 | Planting and processing method of pure natural organic traditional Chinese medicine bighead atractylodes rhizome |
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Application publication date: 20130814 |