CN105359808A - Method for interplanting of scutellaria baicalensis and ginkgo biloba - Google Patents
Method for interplanting of scutellaria baicalensis and ginkgo biloba Download PDFInfo
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- 235000000381 ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 240000004534 Scutellaria baicalensis Species 0.000 title abstract 7
- 235000017089 Scutellaria baicalensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 7
- 240000002883 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
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- 241000218628 Ginkgo Species 0.000 claims description 40
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- -1 8 parts Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 11
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-lysine Chemical compound NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000004499 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- CCHNOBQMQBSRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;7H-purin-6-amine Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 CCHNOBQMQBSRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N Scopolamine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CO)C(=O)O[C@H]2C[C@@H]3N([C@H](C2)[C@@H]2[C@H]3O2)C)=CC=CC=C1 STECJAGHUSJQJN-FWXGHANASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting of scutellaria baicalensis and ginkgo biloba and aims to provide a method for interplanting of scutellaria baicalensis and ginkgo biloba with a high yield of scutellaria baicalensis. The method comprises the following steps: (1) land selection and land preparation; (2) seed selection and planting; (3) field management; and (4) harvesting and processing. The method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the yield of scutellaria baicalensis. With the pest-preventing function of herb residues, limestones and ginkgo biloba and the bactericidal function of the herb residues and the limestones, the agricultural chemical application dosage and cost can be greatly reduced, so that the agricultural chemical residues in scutellaria baicalensis can be reduced and the quality of scutellaria baicalensis can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, especially relate to a kind of method that root of large-flowered skullcap and ginkgo are interplanted.
Background technology
Ginkgo is light demanding tree, happiness suitably moistening and well-drained deep loam, is suitable for growth in the monsoon region, subtropics of hydrothermal condition comparative superiority.All can well-grown in acid soil (pH4.5), calcareous soil (pH8.0), and with neutral or micro-sour soil optimum, the ground of not resistance to ponding, comparatively can be drought-enduring.Because ginkgo has edibility, economic worth, Ornamental value, the ecological value and medical value etc., extensively planted in China.China is not only the native place of ginkgo, and be cultivation, utilize and research ginkgo the earliest, one of countries and regions that achievement is the abundantest.Through the ages, no matter be ginkgo area under cultivation, or Ginkgo Nut Yield, China all occupies first place in the world.
The root of large-flowered skullcap is born in careless hillside fields, not waste ground on the sunny side, height above sea level 60 ~ 1300(1700 ~ 2000) rice.Originate in the ground such as Heilungkiang, Sichuan, the most provinces and regions of north of China all can be planted.Russia East Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, all there is distribution in Japan.The root of the root of large-flowered skullcap is used as medicine, bitter, cold in nature, has heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat and detonicating, hemostasis, the effect such as antiabortive.Cure mainly warm heat disease, the infection of the upper respiratory tract, cough with lung heat, damp and hot jaundice, pneumonia, dysentery, hemoptysis, hot eyes, fetal irritability, hypertension, carbuncle swell the diseases such as furuncle sore.The clinical antibiotic property of the root of large-flowered skullcap is better than the coptis, and does not develop immunity to drugs, and has huge medical value.
At present, the method of ginkgo and Huang Cen interplanting is not yet applied, ginkgo and Huang Cen is how made to realize effectively interplanting, Huang Cen is made to have higher output, and reduce dosage and drug cost, reduce yellow Cen residue of pesticide, improve the income at yellow Cen Zhiliang and plantation family, become and solve the another breakthrough mouth that China can use deficiency of ploughing.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes shortcoming of the prior art, provide a kind of yellow Cen output high, the method that dispenser cost low and the root of large-flowered skullcap of quality better and ginkgo are interplanted.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The method that the root of large-flowered skullcap and ginkgo are interplanted, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, on plot, press seeding row spacing 2.5 × 2m in advance plant ginkgo; With ox in the middle of the adjacent rows ginkgo plough mellow soil and whole fall the foreign material such as weeds, every mu of ground is executed become thoroughly decomposed dregs of a decoction 2500-2800 kilogram and composite fertilizer 10 kilograms and is made base fertilizer, and flatten moisture in the soil face after mixing with earth, moisture in the soil face width 0.9 ~ 1 meter, edge, moisture in the soil face lime stone fringing, two long sides arrange drain ditch, moisture in the soil face are provided with the ditch connecting drain ditch along its width, the spacing of ditch is 20 ㎝, dark 2 ㎝;
(2) breeding and propagation
Can adopt seed propagation, cottage propagation or root division, concrete mode is as follows:
A, seed propagation: select the seed in a year, thousand grain weigth 1.49g; Adopt live, the thin rake of moisture in the soil face deep ploughing, moisture in the soil face earth requires thin, flat; In spring 3, sowing in April, the place of non-irrigated condition, should sow rainy season; Live employing drilling, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30 centimetres, open 2 ~ 3 centimetres of dark shallow ridges, be evenly sown in ditch by seed, earthing about 1 cm thick, suppresses after broadcasting gently, every mu of seeding quantity 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram; Broadcast and to water in time afterwards, frequent maintenance table soil is moistening, within about 15 days, can emerge, overstocked weak seedling after emerging, will be taken out, when height of seedling 6 ~ 7 centimetres, by spacing in the rows 12 ~ 15 centimetres of final singlings, and filled the gaps with seedlings in the place be short of seedling, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, overstocked seedling in-migration can be mended, water after cultivation, in order to surviving;
B, cottage propagation: the cuttage phase is 5, June, and plant is in vigorous vegetative growth phase, and the tender part of children of clip stem branch upper end semi-lignified, is cut into 6 ~ 10 centimeter length, then the leaves of 2 joints are below removed, retain blade above; Slotting machine sand, or relatively more loose sandy loam; Generally with cutting with inserting, by distance between rows and hills 10 × 5 centimetres of cuttages in slotting machine, water in time after inserting, and scaffolding should shade, often will spray water and keeping ground moistening survival rate to reach more than 90%, after cuttage, about 40 days moons can transplant to moisture in the soil face by distance between rows and hills 30 × 20 centimetres;
C, root division: select high yield and high quality plant, root is cut hyoscine, leave rhizome part propagating materials and use; Rhizome is split up into some pieces, and every block, all with several eye, is planted in moisture in the soil face in spring by distance between rows and hills 30 × 20 centimetres;
(3) field management
A, after planting, keeps ground moistening, is beneficial to and comes up; After coming up, loosen table soil lightly, keep ground to loosen, lower floor is moistening, is beneficial to root and grows downwards; It is high that seedling grows to 4cm, shallow hoe 1 time, and remove overstocked weak seedling, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 40 kilograms simultaneously, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, 5 parts, magnesium sulfate, adenine phosphate part, 8 parts, potash, humus 8 parts, methene succinic acid 16 parts, 80 parts, water; Seedling is stayed with about spacing in the rows 10cm in nursery field, and live presses spacing in the rows 15cm final singling; There is grass just to remove after final singling, water during drought, note prevention waterlogging rainy season, can not ponding in ground; When Huang Cenmiao grows to 10 ㎝ height, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part;
After b, cottage propagation or root division survive, note loose ground, clean retentively; After " the Beginning of summer ", every mu imposes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 30kg, open shallow ridges to apply in the ranks, earthing lid is put down, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part; Often hoe up weeds, without weeds retentively later; Seed maturity, to gathering in time, is stored for subsequent use; If do not needed sowing, inflorescence can be removed in time, in order to root growth; Biennial yellow Cen young plant started to turn green in April, and 6 ~ July, bolting was bloomed; As planned to gather seed, before blooming, wanting many spraying fertilizers, promoting that flower is vigorous, setting seeds full; Collect seed if do not need, then before extraction inflorescence, bennet should be cut, control nutrient consumption, to impel root growth, increase root yield;
F, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(4) gather and process
The root of large-flowered skullcap after planting receives plane in Second Year " Frost's Descent " front and back or the 3rd year early spring; Second Year after seedling raising and transplanting can receive plane; Generally after cauline leaf is withered or the spring thaw after, excavate before rudiment, because root looks dark, deep-cut, prevent from being completely cured; Root will shrug off earth, cut off cauline leaf after digging out, and shines to half-dried, hits crust, then dry rapidly or dry; Should avoiding when airing tanning by the sun under high light, xanthochromia excessively can be made red because tanning by the sun; Also to prevent from being moistened by rain simultaneously, because the root of the root of large-flowered skullcap first turns green rear blackening after being drenched with rain, all can affect quality; Finished product is with solid without hole, and inner is top grade in foresythia.
Preferably, the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are the Radix Astragali, cultivated land or cassia bark.
Preferably, the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are from the residue after pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's pharmacy.
Preferably, in described step (2) after planting, with covered rearing with plastic film or use careless clayed aluminium alloy, covered rearing with plastic film or grass after emerging, is thrown off.
Preferably, in described step (2) during sowing, mix 5 ~ 10 times of fine sands in seed and mix rear sowing thoroughly.
Preferably, the seedling raising manners of the ginkgo cuttage seeding in described step (1) is as follows: selecting ginkgo old branch cuttage the 3-4 month in spring, adopt fringe from finished product nursery or set large the high-quality branch choosing life in 1 ~ 2 year, cut the cutting being cut into 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimeter length, upper clip will be cut smoothly rounded, and lower clip is cut into horse ear shape; After shearing, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, and after rinsing well with clear water, then soak 1 hour with the ABT root-inducing powder of 100ppm, cuttage is in fine sand or loose nursery soil; Water sufficient water after cuttage, keep ground moistening, can take root after about 40 days; Carry out normal management after surviving, treat that Second Year is transplanted spring.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention effectively can improve the output of yellow Cen, by adopting the insect protected function of the dregs of a decoction, lime stone and ginkgo, and the sterilizing function of the dregs of a decoction and lime stone, greatly can reduce formulation rate and dispenser cost, and then reduce the residue of pesticide in yellow Cen, improve the quality of yellow Cen.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not paying the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
(1) selection of land, whole
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, on plot, press seeding row spacing 2.5 × 2m in advance plant ginkgo; With ox in the middle of the adjacent rows ginkgo plough mellow soil and whole fall the foreign material such as weeds, every mu of ground is executed the become thoroughly decomposed dregs of a decoction 2500 kilograms and composite fertilizer 10 kilograms and is made base fertilizer, and flatten moisture in the soil face after mixing with earth, moisture in the soil face width 0.9 ~ 1 meter, edge, moisture in the soil face lime stone fringing, two long sides arrange drain ditch, moisture in the soil face are provided with the ditch connecting drain ditch along its width, the spacing of ditch is 20 ㎝, dark 2 ㎝;
(2) breeding and propagation
Adopt seed propagation, concrete mode is as follows:
Select the seed in a year, thousand grain weigth 1.49g; Adopt live, the thin rake of moisture in the soil face deep ploughing, moisture in the soil face earth requires thin, flat; In spring 3, sowing in April, live employing drilling, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30 centimetres, open 2 ~ 3 centimetres of dark shallow ridges, be evenly sown in ditch by seed, earthing about 1 cm thick, suppresses after broadcasting gently, every mu of seeding quantity 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram; Broadcast and to water in time afterwards, frequent maintenance table soil is moistening, within about 15 days, can emerge, overstocked weak seedling after emerging, will be taken out, when height of seedling 6 ~ 7 centimetres, by spacing in the rows 12 ~ 15 centimetres of final singlings, and filled the gaps with seedlings in the place be short of seedling, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, overstocked seedling in-migration can be mended, water after cultivation, in order to surviving;
(3) field management
After planting, keep ground moistening, be beneficial to and come up; After coming up, loosen table soil lightly, keep ground to loosen, lower floor is moistening, is beneficial to root and grows downwards; It is high that seedling grows to 4cm, shallow hoe 1 time, and remove overstocked weak seedling, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 40 kilograms simultaneously, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, 5 parts, magnesium sulfate, adenine phosphate part, 8 parts, potash, humus 8 parts, methene succinic acid 16 parts, 80 parts, water; Seedling is stayed with about spacing in the rows 10cm in nursery field, and live presses spacing in the rows 15cm final singling; There is grass just to remove after final singling, water during drought, note prevention waterlogging rainy season, can not ponding in ground; When Huang Cenmiao grows to 10 ㎝ height, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part;
F, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
Leaf blight is easily fallen ill in high temperature and rainy season, starts, from blade tip or leaf margin, irregular pitchy scab occurs, and extends internally gradually, and leaf is dried up, and time serious, diffusion in flakes;
Prevention and controls, clears up rural area after autumn, Ex-all dry branches and fallen leaves in spite of illness, eliminates bacterium source of surviving the winter, and their early stage sprays 1:120 bordeaux mixture, or with the 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of 50% carbendazim, every 7 ~ 10 days spray medicines once, sprays 2 ~ 3 times continuously;
Root rot is planted more than 2 years person's susceptible diseases, and often root presents the sick class of pitchy so that rots, and complete stool is withered;
Prevention and controls: rainy season notes draining, ventilation and penetrating light between seedling is strengthened in weeding, intertillage, carries out crop rotation;
Root of large-flowered skullcap dance moth is the important pests of the root of large-flowered skullcap, and make thin silk nest with larva at blade back, polypide takes food mesophyll in silk nest, only stays epicuticle;
Prevention and controls: clear garden, the stubbles such as process dry branches and fallen leaves, the emergence period prevents and treats with 90% chlorophos or the spraying of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate;
(4) gather and process
The root of large-flowered skullcap after planting receives plane before and after Second Year " Frost's Descent "; Generally after cauline leaf is withered or the spring thaw after, excavate before rudiment, because root looks dark, deep-cut, prevent from being completely cured; Root will shrug off earth, cut off cauline leaf after digging out, and shines to half-dried, hits crust, then dry rapidly or dry; Should avoiding when airing tanning by the sun under high light, xanthochromia excessively can be made red because tanning by the sun; Also to prevent from being moistened by rain simultaneously, because the root of the root of large-flowered skullcap first turns green rear blackening after being drenched with rain, all can affect quality; Finished product is with solid without hole, and inner is top grade in foresythia.
Wherein, the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are the Radix Astragali, cultivated land or cassia bark, and the dregs of a decoction are from the residue after pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's pharmacy.In described step (2) after planting, with covered rearing with plastic film or use careless clayed aluminium alloy, after emerging, throw off covered rearing with plastic film or grass.In described step (2) during sowing, mix 5 ~ 10 times of fine sands in seed and mix rear sowing thoroughly, be beneficial to sowing evenly.The seedling raising manners of the ginkgo cuttage seeding in described step (1) is as follows: selecting ginkgo old branch cuttage the 3-4 month in spring, adopt fringe from finished product nursery or set large the high-quality branch choosing life in 1 ~ 2 year, cut the cutting being cut into 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimeter length, upper clip will be cut smoothly rounded, and lower clip is cut into horse ear shape; After shearing, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, and after rinsing well with clear water, then soak 1 hour with the ABT root-inducing powder of 100ppm, cuttage is in fine sand or loose nursery soil; Water sufficient water after cuttage, keep ground moistening, can take root after about 40 days; Carry out normal management after surviving, treat that Second Year is transplanted spring.
After Huang Cen gathers, average yield per mu yellow Cen dried food and nuts 320kg, yellow Cen Tibiao percentage of head rice is up to more than 99.2, and dosage comparatively general planting minimizing more than 70%.
Embodiment two
(1) selection of land, whole
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, on plot, press seeding row spacing 2.5 × 2m in advance plant ginkgo; With ox in the middle of the adjacent rows ginkgo plough mellow soil and whole fall the foreign material such as weeds, every mu of ground is executed the become thoroughly decomposed dregs of a decoction 2800 kilograms and composite fertilizer 10 kilograms and is made base fertilizer, and flatten moisture in the soil face after mixing with earth, moisture in the soil face width 0.9 ~ 1 meter, edge, moisture in the soil face lime stone fringing, two long sides arrange drain ditch, moisture in the soil face are provided with the ditch connecting drain ditch along its width, the spacing of ditch is 20 ㎝, dark 2 ㎝;
(2) breeding and propagation
Adopt seed propagation, concrete mode is as follows:
Select the seed in a year, thousand grain weigth 1.49g; Adopt live, the thin rake of moisture in the soil face deep ploughing, moisture in the soil face earth requires thin, flat; In spring 3, sowing in April, live employing drilling, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30 centimetres, open 2 ~ 3 centimetres of dark shallow ridges, be evenly sown in ditch by seed, earthing about 1 cm thick, suppresses after broadcasting gently, every mu of seeding quantity 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram; Broadcast and to water in time afterwards, frequent maintenance table soil is moistening, within about 15 days, can emerge, overstocked weak seedling after emerging, will be taken out, when height of seedling 6 ~ 7 centimetres, by spacing in the rows 12 ~ 15 centimetres of final singlings, and filled the gaps with seedlings in the place be short of seedling, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, overstocked seedling in-migration can be mended, water after cultivation, in order to surviving;
(3) field management
After planting, keep ground moistening, be beneficial to and come up; After coming up, loosen table soil lightly, keep ground to loosen, lower floor is moistening, is beneficial to root and grows downwards; It is high that seedling grows to 4cm, shallow hoe 1 time, and remove overstocked weak seedling, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 40 kilograms simultaneously, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, 5 parts, magnesium sulfate, adenine phosphate part, 8 parts, potash, humus 8 parts, methene succinic acid 16 parts, 80 parts, water; Seedling is stayed with about spacing in the rows 10cm in nursery field, and live presses spacing in the rows 15cm final singling; There is grass just to remove after final singling, water during drought, note prevention waterlogging rainy season, can not ponding in ground; When Huang Cenmiao grows to 10 ㎝ height, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part;
F, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
Leaf blight is easily fallen ill in high temperature and rainy season, starts, from blade tip or leaf margin, irregular pitchy scab occurs, and extends internally gradually, and leaf is dried up, and time serious, diffusion in flakes;
Prevention and controls, clears up rural area after autumn, Ex-all dry branches and fallen leaves in spite of illness, eliminates bacterium source of surviving the winter, and their early stage sprays 1:120 bordeaux mixture, or with the 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of 50% carbendazim, every 7 ~ 10 days spray medicines once, sprays 2 ~ 3 times continuously;
Root rot is planted more than 2 years person's susceptible diseases, and often root presents the sick class of pitchy so that rots, and complete stool is withered;
Prevention and controls: rainy season notes draining, ventilation and penetrating light between seedling is strengthened in weeding, intertillage, carries out crop rotation;
Root of large-flowered skullcap dance moth is the important pests of the root of large-flowered skullcap, and make thin silk nest with larva at blade back, polypide takes food mesophyll in silk nest, only stays epicuticle;
Prevention and controls: clear garden, the stubbles such as process dry branches and fallen leaves, the emergence period prevents and treats with 90% chlorophos or the spraying of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate;
(4) gather and process
The root of large-flowered skullcap after planting received plane the 3rd year early spring; Generally after cauline leaf is withered or the spring thaw after, excavate before rudiment, because root looks dark, deep-cut, prevent from being completely cured; Root will shrug off earth, cut off cauline leaf after digging out, and shines to half-dried, hits crust, then dry rapidly or dry; Should avoiding when airing tanning by the sun under high light, xanthochromia excessively can be made red because tanning by the sun; Also to prevent from being moistened by rain simultaneously, because the root of the root of large-flowered skullcap first turns green rear blackening after being drenched with rain, all can affect quality; Finished product is with solid without hole, and inner is top grade in foresythia.
Wherein, the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are the Radix Astragali, cultivated land or cassia bark, and the dregs of a decoction are from the residue after pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's pharmacy.In described step (2) after planting, with covered rearing with plastic film or use careless clayed aluminium alloy, after emerging, throw off covered rearing with plastic film or grass.In described step (2) during sowing, mix 5 ~ 10 times of fine sands in seed and mix rear sowing thoroughly, be beneficial to sowing evenly.The seedling raising manners of the ginkgo cuttage seeding in described step (1) is as follows: selecting ginkgo old branch cuttage the 3-4 month in spring, adopt fringe from finished product nursery or set large the high-quality branch choosing life in 1 ~ 2 year, cut the cutting being cut into 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimeter length, upper clip will be cut smoothly rounded, and lower clip is cut into horse ear shape; After shearing, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, and after rinsing well with clear water, then soak 1 hour with the ABT root-inducing powder of 100ppm, cuttage is in fine sand or loose nursery soil; Water sufficient water after cuttage, keep ground moistening, can take root after about 40 days; Carry out normal management after surviving, treat that Second Year is transplanted spring.
After Huang Cen gathers, average yield per mu yellow Cen dried food and nuts 322kg, yellow Cen Tibiao percentage of head rice is up to more than 99.2, and dosage comparatively general planting minimizing more than 70%.
Embodiment three
(1) selection of land, whole
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, on plot, press seeding row spacing 2.5 × 2m in advance plant ginkgo; With ox in the middle of the adjacent rows ginkgo plough mellow soil and whole fall the foreign material such as weeds, every mu of ground is executed the become thoroughly decomposed dregs of a decoction 2650 kilograms and composite fertilizer 10 kilograms and is made base fertilizer, and flatten moisture in the soil face after mixing with earth, moisture in the soil face width 0.9 ~ 1 meter, edge, moisture in the soil face lime stone fringing, two long sides arrange drain ditch, moisture in the soil face are provided with the ditch connecting drain ditch along its width, the spacing of ditch is 20 ㎝, dark 2 ㎝;
(2) breeding and propagation
Adopt cottage propagation, concrete mode is as follows:
The cuttage phase is 5, June, and plant is in vigorous vegetative growth phase, and the tender part of children of clip stem branch upper end semi-lignified, is cut into 6 ~ 10 centimeter length, then the leaves of 2 joints are below removed, and retains blade above; Slotting machine sand, or relatively more loose sandy loam; Generally with cutting with inserting, by distance between rows and hills 10 × 5 centimetres of cuttages in slotting machine, water in time after inserting, and scaffolding should shade, often will spray water and keeping ground moistening survival rate to reach more than 90%, after cuttage, about 40 days moons can transplant to moisture in the soil face by distance between rows and hills 30 × 20 centimetres;
(3) field management
After cottage propagation survives, note loose ground, clean retentively; After " the Beginning of summer ", every mu imposes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 30kg, open shallow ridges to apply in the ranks, earthing lid is put down, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part; Often hoe up weeds, without weeds retentively later; Seed maturity, to gathering in time, is stored for subsequent use; If do not needed sowing, inflorescence can be removed in time, in order to root growth; Biennial yellow Cen young plant started to turn green in April, and 6 ~ July, bolting was bloomed; As planned to gather seed, before blooming, wanting many spraying fertilizers, promoting that flower is vigorous, setting seeds full; Collect seed if do not need, then before extraction inflorescence, bennet should be cut, control nutrient consumption, to impel root growth, increase root yield;
F, the extermination of disease and insect pest:
Leaf blight is easily fallen ill in high temperature and rainy season, starts, from blade tip or leaf margin, irregular pitchy scab occurs, and extends internally gradually, and leaf is dried up, and time serious, diffusion in flakes;
Prevention and controls, clears up rural area after autumn, Ex-all dry branches and fallen leaves in spite of illness, eliminates bacterium source of surviving the winter, and their early stage sprays 1:120 bordeaux mixture, or with the 1000 times of liquid spraying controls of 50% carbendazim, every 7 ~ 10 days spray medicines once, sprays 2 ~ 3 times continuously;
Root rot is planted more than 2 years person's susceptible diseases, and often root presents the sick class of pitchy so that rots, and complete stool is withered;
Prevention and controls: rainy season notes draining, ventilation and penetrating light between seedling is strengthened in weeding, intertillage, carries out crop rotation;
Root of large-flowered skullcap dance moth is the important pests of the root of large-flowered skullcap, and make thin silk nest with larva at blade back, polypide takes food mesophyll in silk nest, only stays epicuticle;
Prevention and controls: clear garden, the stubbles such as process dry branches and fallen leaves, the emergence period prevents and treats with 90% chlorophos or the spraying of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate;
(4) gather and process
Second Year after seedling raising and transplanting can receive plane; Generally after cauline leaf is withered or the spring thaw after, excavate before rudiment, because root looks dark, deep-cut, prevent from being completely cured; Root will shrug off earth, cut off cauline leaf after digging out, and shines to half-dried, hits crust, then dry rapidly or dry; Should avoiding when airing tanning by the sun under high light, xanthochromia excessively can be made red because tanning by the sun; Also to prevent from being moistened by rain simultaneously, because the root of the root of large-flowered skullcap first turns green rear blackening after being drenched with rain, all can affect quality; Finished product is with solid without hole, and inner is top grade in foresythia.
Wherein, the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are the Radix Astragali, cultivated land or cassia bark, and the dregs of a decoction are from the residue after pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's pharmacy.In described step (2) after planting, with covered rearing with plastic film or use careless clayed aluminium alloy, after emerging, throw off covered rearing with plastic film or grass.In described step (2) during sowing, mix 5 ~ 10 times of fine sands in seed and mix rear sowing thoroughly, be beneficial to sowing evenly.The seedling raising manners of the ginkgo cuttage seeding in described step (1) is as follows: selecting ginkgo old branch cuttage the 3-4 month in spring, adopt fringe from finished product nursery or set large the high-quality branch choosing life in 1 ~ 2 year, cut the cutting being cut into 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimeter length, upper clip will be cut smoothly rounded, and lower clip is cut into horse ear shape; After shearing, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, and after rinsing well with clear water, then soak 1 hour with the ABT root-inducing powder of 100ppm, cuttage is in fine sand or loose nursery soil; Water sufficient water after cuttage, keep ground moistening, can take root after about 40 days; Carry out normal management after surviving, treat that Second Year is transplanted spring.
After Huang Cen gathers, average yield per mu yellow Cen dried food and nuts 310kg, yellow Cen Tibiao percentage of head rice is up to more than 99.2, and dosage comparatively general planting minimizing more than 70%.
Comparative example
General planting method is adopted to carry out seeding and seedling raising and cuttage and seedling culture in identical plot, when adopting seeding and seedling raising, yellow Cen average yield per mu dried food and nuts about 280kg, and yellow Cen Tibiao percentage of head rice is only about 90%; When adopting cuttage and seedling culture, yellow Cen average yield per mu dried food and nuts about 276kg, and yellow Cen Tibiao percentage of head rice is only about 90%.
Implantation methods of the present invention can reduce the incidence of damage by disease and insect greatly, effectively reduces dosage and drug cost.After effective minimizing of dosage, the residue of pesticide of Huang Cen are also able to effective reduction, and quality is able to effective raising.And after reduction Pesticide use, environmental pollution also alleviates relatively.Entered experimental planting to show, the present invention is by the insect protected function of the dregs of a decoction, lime stone and ginkgo, and the sterilizing function of the dregs of a decoction and lime stone, and the whole growth cycle dosage of Huang Cen can reduce more than 70%, greatly reduces drug cost and dispenser cost.Chinese medicine slag simultaneously after extracting has multiple organic components and active carbon composition, after hot fermentation, for improving soil, increasing soil fertility and having obvious effect.The fiber that many Chinese medicine contains is fewer, as the Radix Astragali, cultivated land, cassia bark etc., loosely organized, loosing soil degree can be improved energetically, growth for yellow Cen provides good growing space, and yellow Cen head is grown comparatively large, and the comparable general planting of output (weight) of Huang Cen improves more than 10%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a root of large-flowered skullcap and ginkgo method of interplanting, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole
Select the plot that soil layer is deep, loose, fertile, on plot, press seeding row spacing 2.5 × 2m in advance plant ginkgo; With ox in the middle of the adjacent rows ginkgo plough mellow soil and whole fall the foreign material such as weeds, every mu of ground is executed become thoroughly decomposed dregs of a decoction 2500-2800 kilogram and composite fertilizer 10 kilograms and is made base fertilizer, and flatten moisture in the soil face after mixing with earth, moisture in the soil face width 0.9 ~ 1 meter, edge, moisture in the soil face lime stone fringing, two long sides arrange drain ditch, moisture in the soil face are provided with the ditch connecting drain ditch along its width, the spacing of ditch is 20 ㎝, dark 2 ㎝;
(2) breeding and propagation
Can adopt seed propagation, cottage propagation or root division, concrete mode is as follows:
A, seed propagation: select the seed in a year, thousand grain weigth 1.49g; Adopt live, the thin rake of moisture in the soil face deep ploughing, moisture in the soil face earth requires thin, flat; In spring 3, sowing in April, the place of non-irrigated condition, should sow rainy season; Live employing drilling, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30 centimetres, open 2 ~ 3 centimetres of dark shallow ridges, be evenly sown in ditch by seed, earthing about 1 cm thick, suppresses after broadcasting gently, every mu of seeding quantity 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram; Broadcast and to water in time afterwards, frequent maintenance table soil is moistening, within about 15 days, can emerge, overstocked weak seedling after emerging, will be taken out, when height of seedling 6 ~ 7 centimetres, by spacing in the rows 12 ~ 15 centimetres of final singlings, and filled the gaps with seedlings in the place be short of seedling, must balled transplanting when filling the gaps with seedlings, overstocked seedling in-migration can be mended, water after cultivation, in order to surviving;
B, cottage propagation: the cuttage phase is 5, June, and plant is in vigorous vegetative growth phase, and the tender part of children of clip stem branch upper end semi-lignified, is cut into 6 ~ 10 centimeter length, then the leaves of 2 joints are below removed, retain blade above; Slotting machine sand, or relatively more loose sandy loam; Generally with cutting with inserting, by distance between rows and hills 10 × 5 centimetres of cuttages in slotting machine, water in time after inserting, and scaffolding should shade, often will spray water and keeping ground moistening survival rate to reach more than 90%, after cuttage, about 40 days moons can transplant to moisture in the soil face by distance between rows and hills 30 × 20 centimetres;
C, root division: select high yield and high quality plant, root is cut hyoscine, leave rhizome part propagating materials and use; Rhizome is split up into some pieces, and every block, all with several eye, is planted in moisture in the soil face in spring by distance between rows and hills 30 × 20 centimetres;
(3) field management
A, after planting, keeps ground moistening, is beneficial to and comes up; After coming up, loosen table soil lightly, keep ground to loosen, lower floor is moistening, is beneficial to root and grows downwards; It is high that seedling grows to 4cm, shallow hoe 1 time, and remove overstocked weak seedling, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 40 kilograms simultaneously, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, 5 parts, magnesium sulfate, adenine phosphate part, 8 parts, potash, humus 8 parts, methene succinic acid 16 parts, 80 parts, water; Seedling is stayed with about spacing in the rows 10cm in nursery field, and live presses spacing in the rows 15cm final singling; There is grass just to remove after final singling, water during drought, note prevention waterlogging rainy season, can not ponding in ground; When Huang Cenmiao grows to 10 ㎝ height, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part;
After b, cottage propagation or root division survive, note loose ground, clean retentively; After " the Beginning of summer ", every mu imposes fused calcium magnesium phosphate 30kg, open shallow ridges to apply in the ranks, earthing lid is put down, every mu is sprayed foliage fertilizer 70 kilograms, and this foliage fertilizer comprises following composition by weight: sodium pyrophosphate 8 parts, borax 6 parts, boric acid 20 parts, 32 parts, potash, epsilon-polylysine 12 parts, humus 8 parts, trace element 6 parts, 0.6 part, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 60 parts, water; Wherein, contain by weight in trace element: 2 parts, zinc, copper 0.6 part, iron 0.5 part, 0.4 part, manganese, arsenic 0.6 part, cobalt 0.2 part, molybdenum 0.1 part; Often hoe up weeds, without weeds retentively later; Seed maturity, to gathering in time, is stored for subsequent use; If do not needed sowing, inflorescence can be removed in time, in order to root growth; Biennial yellow Cen young plant started to turn green in April, and 6 ~ July, bolting was bloomed; As planned to gather seed, before blooming, wanting many spraying fertilizers, promoting that flower is vigorous, setting seeds full; Collect seed if do not need, then before extraction inflorescence, bennet should be cut, control nutrient consumption, to impel root growth, increase root yield;
F, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(4) gather and process
The root of large-flowered skullcap after planting receives plane in Second Year " Frost's Descent " front and back or the 3rd year early spring; Second Year after seedling raising and transplanting can receive plane; Generally after cauline leaf is withered or the spring thaw after, excavate before rudiment, because root looks dark, deep-cut, prevent from being completely cured; Root will shrug off earth, cut off cauline leaf after digging out, and shines to half-dried, hits crust, then dry rapidly or dry; Should avoiding when airing tanning by the sun under high light, xanthochromia excessively can be made red because tanning by the sun; Also to prevent from being moistened by rain simultaneously, because the root of the root of large-flowered skullcap first turns green rear blackening after being drenched with rain, all can affect quality; Finished product is with solid without hole, and inner is top grade in foresythia.
2. the root of large-flowered skullcap and the ginkgo method of interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are the Radix Astragali, cultivated land or cassia bark.
3. the root of large-flowered skullcap and the ginkgo method of interplanting according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the dregs of a decoction in described step (1) are from the residue after pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese medicine's pharmacy.
4. the root of large-flowered skullcap and the ginkgo method of interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2) after planting, with covered rearing with plastic film or use careless clayed aluminium alloy, throws off covered rearing with plastic film or grass after emerging.
5. the root of large-flowered skullcap and the ginkgo method of interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2) during sowing, mix 5 ~ 10 times of fine sands and mix rear sowing thoroughly in seed.
6. the root of large-flowered skullcap and the ginkgo method of interplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seedling raising manners of the ginkgo cuttage seeding in described step (1) is as follows: selecting ginkgo old branch cuttage the 3-4 month in spring, adopt fringe from finished product nursery or set large the high-quality branch choosing life in 1 ~ 2 year, cut the cutting being cut into 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimeter length, upper clip will be cut smoothly rounded, and lower clip is cut into horse ear shape; After shearing, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, and after rinsing well with clear water, then soak 1 hour with the ABT root-inducing powder of 100ppm, cuttage is in fine sand or loose nursery soil; Water sufficient water after cuttage, keep ground moistening, can take root after about 40 days; Carry out normal management after surviving, treat that Second Year is transplanted spring.
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| CN110235726A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-17 | 北京灵之秀文化发展有限公司 | A kind of method of underwood planting radix scutellariae and the implant system of hayashishita radix scutellariae |
| CN111226724A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-05 | 苏宗然 | Cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis |
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| CN106550744A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-04-05 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | A kind of mixed planting method of Radix Bupleuri |
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| CN106561197A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-04-19 | 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 | Mixed plantation method of phymatopsis griffithiana (hook.) J. Sm. |
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| CN110235726A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-17 | 北京灵之秀文化发展有限公司 | A kind of method of underwood planting radix scutellariae and the implant system of hayashishita radix scutellariae |
| CN111226724A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-05 | 苏宗然 | Cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis |
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