CN111226724A - Cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis - Google Patents
Cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis in hot river, which utilizes a method of mixing soil and root application with a microbial agent, high-ridge cultivation and covering decomposed organic matters behind seedlings to solve the problems of overhigh artificial weeding cost, serious root rot, large pesticide hazard and low yield in the production process of the scutellaria baicalensis in hot river, reduces the production cost, increases the yield and improves the pesticide effect; the invention adopts the use of the microbial agent such as soil mixing, root application and the like, uses the microbial agent to prevent and treat soil-borne diseases, adopts a method of bacteria treatment, and inhibits harmful microorganisms causing loss to the hot river scutellaria baicalensis by beneficial microorganisms, thereby ensuring the normal growth of the hot river scutellaria baicalensis; compared with the traditional method, the method of the invention reduces root rot, improves the yield of first-class medicinal materials, reduces manual weeding, saves labor cost per mu per year and reduces 300 yuan per mu compared with normal management and protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis.
Background
The medicinal part of the perennial herb of the genus Scutellaria is the rhizome of Scutellaria thermoheoensis. The hot river scutellaria grows on sunny slopes or grasslands with the elevation of 700-1500 meters. It is favorable for growing with partial grass, has strong cold resistance, is favorable for warm and semiarid regions, can not be soaked for a long time at the root, and is favorable for environment containing humus. The flowering phase is longer from 6 months, and the fruit phase is mature from bottom to top continuously from 8-9 months.
The existing method for planting the scutellaria baicalensis in the north mainly has the following problems: 1. the planting mode is old, most of pesticide farmers still adopt the traditional flat land for planting, and the plants are usually dead or the land blocks are harvested absolutely due to large-area waterlogging in northern rainy seasons; 2. after the planting technology falls behind, most people still use chemical fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators at present, the ash content of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river is very easy to exceed the standard, and the baicalin content of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river is unstable, so that the economy of pesticide farmers is not high; 3. the manual investment is large in the early stage, because the hot river scutellaria baicalensis generally grows for 3 years, but a large amount of manual weeding management and protection are needed in the first two years. At present, no special herbicide exists, and the use of the herbicide in traditional Chinese medicines is forbidden in China. Only manual weeding is available, and the cost is extremely high; 4. the root rot is the most important factor of the scutellaria baicalensis georgi, and particularly, the root rot and the seed yield are greatly influenced. How to adopt the ecological plant protection technology to prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests is particularly important.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method for green prevention, control and efficient cost-saving production of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method for green prevention and control of scutellaria baicalensis of hot river with high efficiency and cost saving production comprises the following steps:
(1) ploughing: deeply ploughing the land in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the depth is more than 40cm, 3800kg of organic fertilizer 3200-plus-one fertilizer is applied per mu, carrying out rotary tillage at the beginning of 7 months, applying the microbial agent in soil by using a fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, wherein the ridging height is 28-32cm, the ridging width is 1.3-1.7m, and the ridge spacing is 38-42 cm;
(2) sowing in a drill sowing mode at the beginning of 7 months, uniformly sowing seeds in the ditches, and covering soil for 1.8-2.2cm or transplanting;
(3) thinning, supplementing seedlings and weeding after the seedlings of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river emerge in time, and paving 4-6cm of fermented crushed straws or fermented waste fungus materials on full ridges;
(4) applying the microbial agent for 6-8 months every year, applying for 2-3 times every year, and removing buds when the hot river scutellaria bud;
(5) and (3) timely irrigating frozen water in autumn, then laying fermented organic fertilizer and fermented crushed straw or fermented waste mushroom material, keeping the furrow height to be 33-37cm, digging a direct seeding field in 3 rd year, digging a transplanting field in 2 nd year, harvesting for 10 middle ten days, and deeply ploughing the land to be more than 35cm after harvesting.
Further, the microbial agent in the steps (1) and (4) is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus.
Furthermore, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is more than or equal to 50 hundred million/g.
Further, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 2.8-3.2 kg/mu.
The method solves the problems of overhigh artificial weeding cost, serious root rot, large pesticide harm and low yield in the production process of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river by using the method of mixing the microbial agent with soil, applying root, cultivating in high ridges and covering well-decomposed organic matters after seedlings. Thereby reducing the production cost, increasing the yield and improving the drug effect. Thereby popularizing the ecological planting heat-retaining river scutellaria production and cultivation technology.
The invention adopts the use of the microbial agent such as soil mixing, root application and the like, uses the microbial agent to prevent and treat soil-borne diseases, adopts a method of bacteria treatment, and inhibits harmful microorganisms causing loss to the hot river scutellaria baicalensis through beneficial microorganisms, thereby ensuring the normal growth of the hot river scutellaria baicalensis. The microbial agent can effectively control root diseases of the scutellaria baicalensis.
Further, the row spacing of the drilling in the step (2) is 28-32cm, and the depth of the ditch is 1.8-2.2 cm.
Further, the length of the crushed straws in the steps (3) and (5) is less than 3 cm.
Furthermore, the straw is corn straw or wheat straw.
Further, the waste mushroom material in the steps (3) and (5) is straw rotting mushroom or wood rotting mushroom.
Further, the waste mushroom material is straw rotting mushroom.
Further, pure biogas slurry is diluted and sprayed for irrigation in the step (5).
Further, the volume ratio of the pure biogas slurry to the water is 1:4-6, preferably 1: 5.
Further, the land is irrigated with water of more than or equal to 10m per mu3。
The biogas slurry is a brown bright liquid formed by fermenting organic substances and contains various amino acids, vitamins, proteins, auxin, saccharides, nucleic acid, antibiotics and the like. The biogas slurry is used for irrigation, so that the resistance (drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance) of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is improved; secondly, soil organic matters are increased, the soil aggregate structure is improved, and the problem of soil deterioration after the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are planted for many years is solved; thirdly, the biogas slurry contains various substances beneficial to plant growth, can well supplement various elements in soil, and is beneficial to accumulation and content improvement of effective components of traditional Chinese medicinal materials; fourthly, the water quality characteristic of the biogas slurry enables crops to absorb the biogas slurry very quickly, and the biogas slurry has quick-acting and slow-acting effects.
The concentrated biogas slurry contains 16 nutrient elements necessary for plants, contains dozens of biological beneficial bacteria of five floras, has high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, and is rich in various nutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, molybdenum, sulfur and the like. Meanwhile, the humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer is rich in organic matters, humic acid, butyric acid, amino acid, polypeptide enzyme, indoleacetic acid, gibberellin, D-type and B-type vitamins and other active substances, and the pH value is neutral. The biological beneficial bacteria can sterilize soil and kill germs, reduce plant diseases and insect pests, and reduce the pesticide application amount by 30 to 50 percent after long-term use.
The inventor finds that the high-ridge cultivation is beneficial to the growth of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river, avoids waterlogging and root rot caused by concentration in rainy seasons in the north, and is beneficial to the management and the harvesting of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river, the growth of root tubers and the accumulation of effective components.
The method for covering the ridge surface by adopting completely decomposed organic wastes such as broken straws, waste mushroom materials and the like has the following advantages: firstly, the completely decomposed organic matter is adopted for covering, so that the source of plant diseases and insect pests in the hot river scutellaria baicalensis field is not increased, and on the contrary, the generation of partial plant diseases and insect pests is inhibited; secondly, the grass seeds have good biological weeding function, most of the grass seeds can be killed by completely weeding for the first time in the first year and then covering the grass seeds, and a small part of the grass seeds can be removed in daily management and protection of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river, so that the labor is greatly reduced, and the grass seeds have the advantages of no chemical pollution and one-time multiple use compared with films and the like; thirdly, the water-saving soil-saving agent has the functions of dehumidification and moisture absorption, and can greatly avoid the problems of plant damage caused by rainwater washing of the hot river scutellaria baicalensis, splashing of soil germs to leaves, root soaking and the like in rainy seasons; fourthly, the heat preservation effect is good, the heat preservation layer is better formed on the soil surface by paving the biological organic matters, and the accumulation of root nutrients and effective components is increased; fifthly, soil organic matters are increased, the effect of the soil organic matters is similar to that of organic fertilizers and different from that of the organic fertilizers, the biomass coverage is adopted, the organic matters and the like of the biomass can be separated out and gradually permeate into a soil layer in an open environment, and the contents of various trace elements and the like in the soil are increased, so that the quality and the yield of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river are improved; sixthly, the microbial agent is used in a matching way, so that a good place and food are provided for the propagation of beneficial microorganisms (bacillus subtilis).
In the invention, an authentic variety of medicinal material, namely the thermoriver scutellaria baicalensis, is selected, and authentic wild thermoriver scutellaria baicalensis is collected for artificial transplantation to obtain self-propagating seeds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method solves the problems of overhigh artificial weeding cost, serious root rot, large pesticide hazard and low yield in the production process of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river by utilizing the method of mixing the microbial agent with soil and applying roots, cultivating in high ridges and covering decomposed organic matters behind seedlings, and reduces the production cost, increases the yield and improves the pesticide effect; the invention adopts the use of the microbial agent such as soil mixing, root application and the like, uses the microbial agent to prevent and treat soil-borne diseases, adopts a method of bacteria treatment, and inhibits harmful microorganisms causing loss to the hot river scutellaria baicalensis by beneficial microorganisms, thereby ensuring the normal growth of the hot river scutellaria baicalensis;
(2) compared with the traditional method, the method of the invention reduces root rot, improves the yield of first-class medicinal materials, reduces manual weeding, saves labor cost per mu per year and reduces 300 yuan per mu compared with normal management and protection.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river comprises the following steps of:
(1) ploughing: deeply ploughing the land in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the depth is more than 40cm, 3200kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu, then carrying out rotary tillage by using a press wheel, carrying out rotary tillage in the early 7 months, ploughing weeds into the soil to increase green manure, pressing, mixing a microbial agent with the soil by using a fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, applying the microbial agent to prevent and control soil-borne diseases, wherein the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and bacillus mucilaginosus, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 50 hundred million/g, the viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 50 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus mucilaginosus is 2.8 kg/mu, the ridging height is 28cm, the ridging width is 1.3m, and the ridge spacing is 38 cm;
(2) sowing in a drill sowing mode at the beginning of 7 months, uniformly sowing seeds in the ditches at a row spacing of 28cm and a ditch depth of 1.8cm, uniformly sowing the seeds in the ditches by 2kg per mu, covering soil for 1.8cm, and keeping the soil moist after sowing;
(3) after the seedlings of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river emerge, thinning, supplementing and weeding timely, after weeding when the seedlings are 10cm high in the first year of sowing, laying fermented crushed straws 4cm in a full bed, compacting, uniformly laying and physically covering, wherein the crushed straws are corn straws, and the length of the straws is less than 3 cm;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of applying a microbial agent for 6-8 months every year, wherein the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 50 hundred million/g, the number of viable bacteria of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 50 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 2.8 kg/mu, applying the microbial agent for 2 times every year to maintain the number of beneficial microbial populations in soil, using the microbial agent to prevent and control soil-borne diseases, and adopting a top cutting mode to remove buds in time when the hot river scutellaria baicalensis buds begin to appear, so that the nutrition part is transferred to roots, and further improving the yield;
(5) in autumn, the frozen water is irrigated in time, pure biogas slurry is diluted and sprayed for irrigation, the volume ratio of the pure biogas slurry to the water is 1:4, and the irrigation is more than or equal to 10m per mu of land3And cleaning the dried part of the ground out of the field, laying fermented organic fertilizer and fermented crushed straws in time, wherein the crushed straws are corn straws, the length of the straws is less than 3cm, the height of the furrow is kept to be 33cm, the straws are harvested in 3 rd year, the harvesting time is 10 middle ten days, and the soil is deeply ploughed by more than 35cm after harvesting.
Example 2
The cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river comprises the following steps of:
(1) ploughing: deeply ploughing the land in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the depth is more than 40cm, 3500kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu, rotary tillage is performed by using a press wheel, rotary tillage is performed at the beginning of 7 months, weeds are ploughed into the soil to increase green manure, the soil is pressed, a microbial agent is mixed with the soil and applied by using a fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, the microbial agent prevents and controls soil-borne diseases, the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and bacillus mucilaginosus, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 50.5 hundred million/g, the viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus is 51 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus mucilaginosus is 3 kg/mu, the ridging height is 30cm, the ridging width is 1.5m, and the ridge spacing is 40 cm;
(2) sowing in a drill sowing mode at the beginning of 7 months, uniformly sowing seeds in the ditches, uniformly sowing the seeds in the ditches at a row spacing of 30cm and a ditch depth of 2cm, uniformly sowing the seeds in the ditches by 2kg per mu, covering soil for 2cm, and keeping the soil moist after sowing;
(3) after the seedlings of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river emerge, thinning, replanting and weeding in time, after weeding when the seedlings are 10cm high in the first year of sowing, paving 5cm of fermented waste mushroom material in a full bed, compacting, and uniformly paving for physical covering, wherein the waste mushroom material is straw rotting mushroom;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of applying a microbial agent for 6-8 months every year, wherein the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 50.5 hundred million/g, the number of viable bacteria of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 51 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 3 kg/mu, applying the microbial agent for 3 times every year to maintain the number of beneficial microbial populations in soil, using the microbial agent to prevent and control soil-borne diseases, and adopting a top cutting mode to remove buds in time when the hot river scutellaria baicalensis buds begin, so that the nutrition part is transferred to roots, and further improving the yield;
(5) timely irrigating in autumn with frozen water by diluting and spraying pure biogas slurry at a volume ratio of 1:5, and irrigating at least 10m per mu3And cleaning the dried part of the ground out of the field, laying fermented organic fertilizer and fermented waste mushroom material in time, wherein the waste mushroom material is straw rotting mushroom, keeping the height of the furrow to be 35cm, digging in 3 rd year, harvesting for 10 middle ten days, and deeply ploughing the field to be more than 35cm after harvesting.
Example 3
The cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river comprises the following steps of:
(1) ploughing: the method comprises the following steps of deeply ploughing the land beginning in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the depth is more than 40cm, 3800kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of land, then rotary tillage is carried out by using a press wheel, rotary tillage is carried out at the beginning of 7 months, weeds are ploughed into the soil to increase green manure, the press is carried out, a microbial agent is mixed with the soil and applied by using a fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, the microbial agent prevents and controls soil-borne diseases, the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 51 hundred million/g, the viable count of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 52 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 3.2 kg/mu, the ridging height is 32cm, the ridging width;
(2) sowing in a drill sowing mode at the beginning of 7 months, uniformly sowing seeds in the ditches at a row spacing of 32cm and a ditch depth of 2.2cm, uniformly sowing the seeds in the ditches by 2kg per mu, covering soil for 2.2cm, and keeping the soil moist after sowing;
(3) after the seedlings of the scutellaria baicalensis in the hot river emerge, thinning, replanting and weeding in time, after weeding when the seedlings are 10cm high in the first year of sowing, laying fermented waste mushroom materials 6cm in full bed, compacting, uniformly laying and physically covering, wherein the waste mushroom materials are wood rot mushrooms;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of applying a microbial agent for 6-8 months every year, wherein the microbial agent is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 51 hundred million/g, the number of viable bacteria of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 52 hundred million/g, the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 3.2 kg/mu, applying the microbial agent for 3 times every year to maintain the number of beneficial microbial populations in soil, using the microbial agent to prevent and control soil-borne diseases, and adopting a top cutting mode to remove buds in time when hot river scutellaria baicalensis buds begin, so that nutritional parts are transferred to roots, and further improving the yield;
(5) timely irrigating in autumn with frozen water by diluting and spraying pure biogas slurry at a volume ratio of 1:6, and irrigating at least 10m per mu3And cleaning the dried part of the ground out of the field, laying fermented organic fertilizer and fermented waste mushroom material in time, wherein the waste mushroom material is wood rot mushroom, keeping the height of the furrow to be 37cm, digging in 3 rd year, harvesting for 10 middle ten days, and deeply ploughing the field to be more than 35cm after harvesting.
Comparative example 1
The method for cultivating the scutellaria hothesa of this comparative example is the same as that of example 2, except that the microbial agents in steps (1) and (4) are removed.
Comparative example 2
The method for cultivating the scutellaria baicalensis georgi of the comparative example is the same as that of example 2, except that the organic matter after the covering and decomposing is removed in the steps (3) and (5).
The following tests were carried out in Chengde City of Hebei province of 28390, modern agricultural park of Hebei province of Hezhou province of Town town of Hezhou province of Yan province of China and Chinese medicinal material producing area of mountain road of national swallow of China of 28390, and Jingou Tuzhou province of Town village of Town of Hezhou county of Hebei province of China.
Test example 1
Selecting 5 lands with the same soil quality, wherein each land is 1 mu, cultivating the hot river scutellaria baicalensis according to the cultivation methods of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively, obtaining the hot river scutellaria baicalensis after 3 years, calculating the rotting rate (the rotting root quantity/the total harvest quantity multiplied by 100%) of the hot river scutellaria baicalensis, and evaluating the first-class medicinal materials, namely referring to the Chinese medicine science and technology publishing agency in 2015 of the first part of Chinese pharmacopoeia, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Rotten root rate (%) | First-class medicine yield (%) |
| Example 1 | 1.56 | 78.49 |
| Example 2 | 1.25 | 79.68 |
| Example 3 | 1.47 | 77.42 |
| Comparative example 1 | 32.57 | 40.24 |
| Comparative example 2 | 33.69 | 38.97 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the microbial inoculum of the invention can reduce the root rot rate of scutellaria baicalensis, improve the yield of first-class medicinal materials by covering decomposed organic matters after seedling, and the two are not enough.
Test example 2
The cultivation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was carried out according to the cultivation method of example 2, the types of the microbial agents in steps (1) and (4) were changed, the microbial agents in steps (1) and (4) were the same, and the effective components of the harvested Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were tested after drying, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the content of the effective components in Scutellaria baicalensis can be improved by using the microbial agent of the invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The cultivation method for green prevention and control of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river with high efficiency and cost saving production is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) ploughing: deeply ploughing the land in the last ten days of 4 months, wherein the depth is more than 40cm, 3800kg of organic fertilizer 3200-plus-one fertilizer is applied per mu, carrying out rotary tillage at the beginning of 7 months, applying the microbial agent in soil by using a fertilizing and ridging integrated machine, wherein the ridging height is 28-32cm, the ridging width is 1.3-1.7m, and the ridge spacing is 38-42 cm;
(2) sowing in a drill sowing mode at the beginning of 7 months, uniformly sowing seeds in the ditches, and covering soil for 1.8-2.2cm or transplanting;
(3) thinning, supplementing seedlings and weeding after the seedlings of the scutellaria baicalensis of the hot river emerge in time, and paving 4-6cm of fermented crushed straws or fermented waste fungus materials on full ridges;
(4) applying the microbial agent for 6-8 months every year, applying for 2-3 times every year, and removing buds when the hot river scutellaria bud;
(5) and (3) timely irrigating frozen water in autumn, then laying fermented organic fertilizer and fermented crushed straw or fermented waste mushroom material, keeping the furrow height to be 33-37cm, digging a direct seeding field in 3 rd year, digging a transplanting field in 2 nd year, harvesting for 10 middle ten days, and deeply ploughing the land to be more than 35cm after harvesting.
2. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent in the steps (1) and (4) is a mixed bacterium of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus.
3. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis of claim 2, wherein the viable count of bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus is more than or equal to 50 hundred million/g.
4. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the application amount of the bacillus subtilis and the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 2.8-3.2 kg/mu.
5. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis of claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the drill seeding in the step (2) is 28-32cm, and the furrow depth is 1.8-2.2 cm.
6. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, wherein the length of the crushed straw in the steps (3) and (5) is less than 3cm, and preferably, the straw is corn straw or wheat straw.
7. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 1, wherein the waste mushroom material in the steps (3) and (5) is straw rotting mushroom or wood rotting mushroom, preferably, the waste mushroom material is straw rotting mushroom.
8. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis of claim 1, wherein pure biogas slurry is diluted and sprayed in the step (5).
9. The cultivation method for green prevention, control, high-efficiency and cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis according to claim 8, wherein the volume ratio of pure biogas slurry to water is 1:4-6, preferably 1: 5.
10. The cultivation method for green prevention and control efficient cost-saving production of scutellaria baicalensis of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that more than or equal to 10m is irrigated per mu of land3。
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| CN115843597A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-28 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for preventing and controlling weeds by covering organic ground surface |
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