CN105191654A - Intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping, relating to a cultivation method of corn and rice bean. The invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient accumulated temperature, short growth period, low yield and planting benefit, and poor farmers' enthusiasm for farming in the high latitude regions of Northeast China under the existing planting mode. Methods: 1. Turning and harrowing the land in autumn, finely preparing the soil; 2. Selection of improved varieties; 3. Seed treatment; 4. Timely sowing and reasonable dense planting; 5. Field layout of corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation methods; 6. Scientific field management; 7. , Timely harvest. The method of the invention can increase the yield of rice beans by 2000-3000 kg per hectare under the condition that the corn yield is not reduced, significantly improves the yield and benefit of crops per unit area, and has obvious advantages of increasing yield and increasing efficiency. The invention is used in the field of crop planting.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping

technical field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating corn and rice beans.

Background technique

Corn (Zeamays L.) is not only an important food crop and feed crop, but also an important energy crop, and its position in my country's grain production will become more and more important. Corn contains a large amount of plant cellulose, which can accelerate the elimination of toxins in the body. Among them, natural vitamin E has the functions of promoting cell division, delaying aging, lowering serum cholesterol, and preventing skin lesions. It has become a popular health food. Rice beans, also known as rice cowpea, rice beans, sweet beans, white beans, etc., are mainly edible beans, which are rich in nutrients and can be used as stuffing or cooking, hence the name rice beans; like other legumes , rice bean root system has rhizobia, nitrogen fixation, is one of the ideal crops for intercropping.

Under conventional cultivation methods, corn and rice beans are mostly continuous cropping of a single crop in areas with one crop per year, and crop rotation is mostly used in areas with more than one crop per year. Long-term continuous cropping leads to gradual deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties due to allelopathic effects, which is not conducive to the growth of the same crop, while intercropping of different crops can overcome continuous cropping obstacles to a certain extent and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. For example, in the spring corn planting areas in Northeast China, spring corn and miscellaneous grain crop rice beans are mostly monocultured, and they are continuously cropped for many years, up to 30 years at the longest, and a series of obstacles brought about by continuous cropping, such as aggravation of pests and diseases , Soil secondary salinization and acidification, plant autotoxicity, etc. make the ecological environment of crop planting continue to deteriorate, and also restrict the increase of yield.

However, whether it is the one-cropping area in Northeast China or the multi-cropping area in Huanghuaihai, the planting method with small row spacing is mostly used. The row spacing for corn planting is mostly 58-65 cm, and the row spacing for rice bean planting is 70-100 cm. Such a uniform ridge and single crop planting method makes the leaves of the plant group seriously blocked, especially for tall crops such as corn, the competition between individuals for natural resources and soil moisture and nutrients intensifies in the late growth period, and premature aging is prone to occur. It restricts the establishment of grain yield and the utilization efficiency of agricultural light, heat and other resources.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient accumulated temperature, short growth period, low yield and planting benefit, and poor enthusiasm of farmers in high-latitude areas in Northeast China under the existing planting methods, and provides a cultivation method for intercropping corn and rice beans.

The cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1. Land selection: Choose fertile and loose loam or sandy loam with irrigation water source, rich in phosphorus and potassium, strong water retention;

2. Autumn plowing and harrowing, fine soil preparation: after autumn harvest, deep plowing and fine harrowing 20-30 cm, so that the soil is loose, empty at the top and solid at the bottom, and store water and moisture in winter to facilitate seedling emergence;

3. Selection of improved varieties: corns are selected with high yield, stable yield, high quality, disease resistance, insect resistance, strong lodging resistance, density resistance and good product quality; rice beans are selected with uniform pods, less fiber, single pod weight, and high quality. , short vine dwarf varieties with strong disease resistance;

4. Seed treatment: Before sowing corn seeds, spread them on dry and sunny ground or mats, and dry them in the sun for 2 to 3 days in a row. Turn the seeds frequently, dry them evenly, and then coat them with seed coating agents to prevent underground pests and seedling diseases. ; Germination of rice bean seeds requires a lot of water, so soak the seeds in warm water for 8-10 hours before sowing, and then sterilize them with 0.3% carbendazim powder;

_{5. Balanced} fertilization: mainly organic fertilizer and base fertilizer, implement soil testing and _formula fertilization to ensure the nutrient balance in the farmland soil. According to the mass ratio of base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and flower grain fertilizer = 5:3:2; combined with site preparation, the amount of decomposed organic fertilizer can be 15000-20000kg/ha and chemical fertilizer base fertilizer can be applied at one time before sowing; corn topdressing It should be applied deeply, and the depth of application should be 15cm, and rice beans should not be topdressed;

6. Timely sowing and reasonable dense planting: The first sowing date of corn is when the soil temperature of 5-10 cm stably passes 10-12 °C, and the first sowing date of rice beans is when the soil temperature of 10 cm stably passes 10 °C, but rice beans are susceptible to chilling damage. Appropriate late sowing is appropriate; the planting density of corn is 65,000-70,000 plants/ha, and the planting density of rice beans is 45,000-55,000 plants/ha;

7. The field layout of the corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation method: in the horizontal layout, the plot is composed of multiple "corn/rice bean structural units", and each "structural unit" consists of a narrow row and a wide row. Row width 30cm, plant two rows of corn, wide row width 100cm, plant two rows of rice beans in the middle of the wide row, rice beans row spacing is 70cm (as shown in Figure 1, X represents a "corn/rice bean structural unit", A is a narrow row , B is wide row).

8. Scientific field management: including timely suppressing and moisture conservation after sowing, checking and mending seedlings, thinning and finalizing seedlings, chemical weeding, timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, intertillage, etc. Intertillage can not only eliminate weeds, but also break soil compaction, loosen soil, reduce evaporation, increase ground temperature, and promote root nodule activity for rice beans, which is an important measure to increase crop production.

In addition, it also includes measures such as timely watering and irrigation based on soil moisture monitoring and weather forecasts.

9. Harvest at the right time: Harvesting at the right time can reduce the moisture content of corn kernels, which is beneficial to storage and later management; for rice beans, the tender pods can be harvested when the seeds are full. When picking, be careful not to damage the infructosis, branches, and plants When the lower pods turn yellow, they should be harvested in large quantities.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method of intercropping corn and rice beans, the selection of land in step 1 also includes: selecting land plots far away from urban pollution sources, industrial mines, enterprises, villages and roads, so as to reduce harmful garbage and sludge on rice beans, etc. direct pollution.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping, the selection of fine varieties described in step 3 also includes: going deep into different ecological types of planting areas to focus on systematic research on the planting conditions, market conditions, sales and storage of corn/rice bean farmers, etc., Grasp the comprehensive performance of the main varieties in each region in the production practice, such as the characteristics of the varieties such as density tolerance, lodging resistance, disease resistance, high yield, stable yield and regional adaptability, and select the resistant varieties that are suitable for the ecological and climatic conditions of the region. Reversible, high-yielding, and stable-yielding varieties.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method of intercropping corn and rice beans, the balanced fertilization described in step 5 also includes: carrying out soil testing and formula fertilization in different planting areas, so as to combine the fertilizer requirements of corn and rice beans according to the soil fertility characteristics of different plots Carry out scientific fertilization, improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizers, and avoid environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping, timely sowing as described in step 6, and reasonable close planting should also include: the rice bean growth period is 60-80 days, sowing can be appropriately late, and mechanical ditching or hole sowing is used when sowing. There are 3 to 4 grains in the holes, and the sowing depth is 4 to 6 cm. After sowing, it should be covered with moist soil. If the moisture is not good, it can be sown in combination with sitting water.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping, the field layout of the corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation method described in step 7 also includes: when the soil temperature of 5 to 10 cm stably passes through 10 to 12°C, it is the initial sowing period. When the ground temperature at a depth of 10cm stably passes 10°C, it is the first sowing date of rice beans; in view of the short growth period of rice beans, the suitable sowing period is longer than that of corn, so in the sowing time arrangement, a wide and narrow row seeder can be used to sow corn first, with a row spacing of 30cm , the plant spacing is 22.0-23.7cm; rice beans are sown after corn is sown, when the soil moisture content is 40-50% of the field water capacity, sow on-demand manually or with a small seeder, and adjust the sowing wheel to 3-4 seeds per hole, row spacing 70cm, and the plant spacing is 25～30cm (as shown in Figure 2, z1 is the plant spacing of corn 22.0～23.7cm, h1 is the row spacing of corn 30cm, z2 is the row spacing of rice beans 25～30cm, h2 is the row spacing of rice beans 70cm).

The method of the present invention is mainly based on the complementarity of the spatial structure of the high-stalk crop corn and the dwarf crop rice bean population, which is convenient for ventilation and light transmission, and realizes the efficient utilization of natural resources such as light and heat; secondly, considering that corn is nitrogen-loving The characteristics and the nitrogen fixation of rice beans can realize the recycling and regeneration of soil nutrients, and the combination of using and nourishing can realize the sustainable development of resources. Rice beans have a short growth period (generally more than 70 days, while soybeans are about 110 days), are resistant to cold and cold, and have strong adaptability. They are suitable for planting in areas with low accumulated temperature and short frost-free periods that are not suitable for planting soybeans. On the basis of this, increase the income of rice beans, thereby improving the overall planting efficiency per unit area.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The present invention is based on the advanced concepts of crop plant structure characteristics, crop-environment interaction effect, optimized row spacing configuration, farmland ecological landscape, and sustainable green ecology, and embodies the modern agricultural production characteristics of "science, ecology, high yield, and high efficiency" , has the characteristics of simple operation, strong applicability, high economic and ecological benefits, easy acceptance, and obvious effect.

2. In the present invention, the high-stalk crop corn (250-340cm) is intercropped with the dwarf crop rice bean (plant height 50-70cm), forming a "high-low-high" spatial structure layout, optimizing the spatial distribution, It is conducive to ventilation, light transmission, and ventilation; in addition, in the middle and late stages of rice bean growth, corn stalks are used, so there is no need to build a frame, which saves cumbersome processes.

3. The present invention adopts the planting mode of wide and narrow rows, the row spacing of narrow rows of corn is 30cm, and two rows of rice beans (row spacing of 70cm) are planted in the middle of wide rows, which optimizes the configuration of crops in the field and forms a beautiful farmland landscape. Compared with single cropping, it can cultivate people's sentiments and is conducive to the construction of beautiful countryside.

4. The present invention adopts fine varieties with high density resistance, high yield, stable yield, high quality, disease resistance, insect resistance, and strong lodging resistance. Under certain circumstances, it can increase the output and income of rice beans, and significantly increase the output and benefit of crops per unit area on the whole, and the advantages of increasing production and increasing efficiency are obvious.

5. The present invention adopts the intercropping method of two kinds of crops, which avoids the nutrient deficiency caused by the single absorption of nutrients in the soil under the long-term continuous cropping of a single crop, and is conducive to the recovery of soil ecological functions; on the other hand, the intercropping mode indirectly expands The planting area of miscellaneous grain crops has been increased, and the effective supply of miscellaneous grain crops to the current food processing industry has been improved.

After many years of use and testing, it can increase rice yield by 2,000 to 3,000 kg per hectare without reducing corn yield, which significantly improves the yield and benefit of crops per unit area, and has obvious advantages in increasing yield and efficiency.

The method of the invention is suitable for high-latitude areas in Northeast my country or areas where high altitudes are suitable for planting corn and rice beans.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the pattern diagram of the cultivation method of corn rice bean intercropping of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of row spacing configuration of corn and rice bean plants in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

Specific embodiment one: the cultivation method of present embodiment corn and rice bean intercropping, comprises the following steps:

1. Plowing and raking the land in autumn and finely preparing the ground: After harvesting in autumn, deep plow and rake 20-30 cm, and store water and moisture in winter;

2. Selection of improved varieties: corns are selected with high yield, stable yield, high quality, disease resistance, insect resistance, strong lodging resistance, density resistance and good product quality; rice beans choose uniform pods, less fiber, single pod weight, and high quality , short vine dwarf varieties with strong disease resistance;

3. Seed treatment: Before sowing corn seeds, spread them on the dry and sunny ground or on mats, and dry them in the sun for 2 to 3 days in a row, turn the seeds frequently, dry them evenly, and then coat them with seed coating agent; use warm water before sowing rice bean seeds Soak for 8-10h, then sterilize with 0.3% carbendazim powder of seed quality;

4. Timely sowing and reasonable dense planting: the first sowing date of corn is when the soil temperature of 5-10 cm is stable and passes 10-12 °C, the first sowing date of rice beans is when the soil temperature of 10 cm is stable and passes 10 °C, and the planting density of corn is 6.5-7.0 10,000 plants/ha, rice bean planting density is 45,000 to 55,000 plants/ha;

5. The field layout of the corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation method: in the horizontal layout, the plot is composed of multiple "corn/rice bean structural units", each "structural unit" consists of a narrow row and a wide row, and the narrow The row width is 30cm, plant two rows of corn, the wide row width is 100cm, plant two rows of rice beans in the middle of the wide row, and the row spacing of rice beans is 70cm;

6. Scientific field management: including suppressing soil moisture after sowing, inspecting seedlings and supplementing seedlings, thinning seedlings, chemical weeding, pest control, intertillage weeding, and rational fertilization; the above field management methods are all existing conventional methods;

7. Harvest at the right time: Harvest when the tender pods of rice beans start to become full. Be careful not to damage the infructosis and branches when picking, and harvest in large quantities when the lower pods of the plant turn yellow.

This embodiment can not only solve the problems of unbalanced consumption of soil nutrient elements, low utilization rate of light and heat water resources, and stagnant yield under the current cultivation methods of corn and rice beans, but also increase the yield of rice beans on the same land area. Thereby increasing crop yield and planting benefit as a whole.

Specific embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that in step 2, the corn variety is "Liangyu 11", "Limin 33" or "Dika 516", and the germination rate of the seeds is ≥95%. ≥98%, clarity ≥98%; the variety of rice beans is "Baihong No. 4" or "Jingnong No. 5". Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment three: what this embodiment is different from specific embodiment one or two is: when the rice bean sows in the step 4, put 3～4 in every hole, sowing depth 4～6cm, cover with damp soil after sowing. Others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.

Specific embodiment four: this embodiment is different from one of specific embodiments one to three in that: in step four, in the sowing time arrangement, corn is first sown with a wide and narrow row seeder, and the row spacing of corn is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 22.0～23.7cm; After sowing, when the soil moisture content reaches 40-50% of the field water holding capacity, the rice beans are sown manually on demand or by a small seeder. The row spacing of the rice beans is 70 cm, and the plant spacing is 25-30 cm. Others are the same as those in the first to third specific embodiments.

Specific implementation mode five: this implementation mode is different from one of specific implementation modes one to four in that: fertilization in step 6 is mainly based on organic fertilizer and base fertilizer, implement soil testing formula fertilization, fertilizer application rate is N200kg/ha, P ₂ O ₅ 150kg/ha, K ₂ O180kg/ha, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied as base fertilizer at one time, and nitrogen fertilizer is carried out according to the mass ratio of base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and flower grain fertilizer = 5:3:2; combined with site preparation, the decomposed organic fertilizer is The amount of 15000～20000kg/ha and the base fertilizer of chemical fertilizer should be applied at one time before sowing; the top dressing of corn should be applied deeply, and the depth of application should be 15cm, and the top dressing of rice beans should not be applied. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.

For verifying the beneficial effect of the present invention, carry out following test:

Example 1:

The cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping of the present embodiment has carried out production experiment respectively in Jilin Province Baicheng Agricultural Technology Promotion Center base, and this base is planted crops before stubble is corn, continuous cropping is as long as more than 20 years; plow the ground. This region belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate, with 2919 hours of sunshine, 157 days of frost-free period, rich light and heat resources, 407.9 mm of precipitation, less rainfall and uneven seasonal distribution, and the planting of corn and rice beans is suitable for the implementation of the method of the present invention.

The materials used in this embodiment are selected as follows:

Maize varieties: Liangyu 11, a variety with compact plant type, lodging resistance, stress resistance and high yield, was selected as the corn variety, provided by Dandong Denghai Liangyu Seed Industry Co., Ltd.; rice beans were selected from the dwarf variety Baihong 4, Provided by Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Province.

Corn wide and narrow row seeder: Jilin Kangda 2BZF-2X no-tillage finger clip type precision fertilization seeder, supporting tractors with a power of 22 kW (30 horsepower) or more, hanging operation, suitable for no-tillage and conventional sowing with full coverage of corn stalks, The number of job lines is 2 lines.

1. Site selection: Choose a plot with flat terrain and complete irrigation facilities, meadow soil, and low-to-medium soil fertility.

2. Fine soil preparation; after autumn harvest, use a 30-horsepower tractor to plow 25cm deep. Before sowing in spring, use a rotary tillage harrow to perform rotary tillage with a depth of 10-15cm, and then use a compactor to suppress it twice. The purpose is to adjust the rotation The compactness of the soil after plowing should be tight on the top and loose on the bottom, so as to store water and keep moisture, so as to facilitate seedling emergence.

3. Selection of high-quality varieties: corn variety Dika 518, purity and cleanliness ≥ 98%, germination rate ≥ 95%; rice bean variety selection short-vine dwarf variety Baihong No. grains, stone beans, impurities, etc., so that the seed purity reaches 98%, the clarity ≥ 97%, and the germination rate ≥ 90%.

4. Seed treatment: Before sowing corn seeds, spread them on dry and sunny mats, and then dry them for 2 days, and then coat them with the seed coating agent produced by Bada Pesticide; Sterilize and disinfect with 0.3% carbendazim powder.

5. Balanced fertilization: The amount of chemical fertilizer applied is N200kg/ha, P ₂ O ₅ 150kg/ha, K ₂ O180kg/ha, and nitrogen fertilizer is carried out according to the ratio of base fertilizer: jointing fertilizer: flower grain fertilizer = 5:3:2; when rotating the land in spring, The amount of decomposed organic fertilizer is 18000kg/ha and the base fertilizer of chemical fertilizer is applied at one time; the corn 8 is topdressed once at the leaf unfolding stage and flowering stage, and the depth is 15cm.

6. Timely sowing and reasonable dense planting: corn was sown on May 10, and rice beans were sown on May 17; the density of corn seedlings was 68,000 plants/ha, and the density of rice bean seedlings was 45,000 plants/ha.

7. The field layout of the corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation method: in the horizontal layout, the plot is composed of multiple "corn/rice bean structural units", and each "structural unit" consists of a narrow row and a wide row. Row width 30cm, plant two rows of corn, wide row width 100cm, plant two rows of rice beans in the middle of the wide row, rice beans row spacing is 70cm (Fig. 1).

8. Scientific field management: Since the land is rotary tilled before corn sowing, a compactor with a smaller width can be used to suppress after sowing to ensure the uniformity and quality of seedling emergence; rice beans should be shallowly shoveled once at the 5-leaf stage Spray 600 times liquid 75% chlorothalonil at the 7th leaf stage and pod stage respectively.

9. Harvest at the right time: Corn enters physiological maturity on September 24th and is harvested on October 10th; rice beans can be harvested when the tender pods start to fill up on September 8th. There are 3 harvests in total.

The intercropping cultivation method of corn, rice and beans has been used and tested by the inventor in the past few years. Under the condition of maintaining the yield of corn, the clear yield of rice and beans can be increased by 2000-3000 kilograms per hectare, which significantly increases the yield per unit area. The yield and benefit of crops have obvious advantages in increasing yield and increasing efficiency. At the same time, because rice bean root nodules have nitrogen fixation, long-term use of this cultivation method is conducive to the recovery and improvement of soil fertility (mainly nitrogen).

The agricultural operation of corn and rice bean production based on this method can be realized based on the current agricultural machinery, basically realizes the whole process of mechanized operation, saves labor and time, is eco-friendly, increases production and efficiency significantly, and has huge economic, social and ecological benefits.

Claims (5)

1. a cultivation method of corn and rice bean intercropping, is characterized in that the method may further comprise the steps: 1. Plowing and raking the land in autumn and finely preparing the ground: After harvesting in autumn, deep plow and rake 20-30 cm, and store water and moisture in winter; 2. Selection of improved varieties: corns are selected with high yield, stable yield, high quality, disease resistance, insect resistance, strong lodging resistance, density resistance and good product quality; rice beans choose uniform pods, less fiber, single pod weight, and high quality , short vine dwarf varieties with strong disease resistance; 3. Seed treatment: Before sowing corn seeds, spread them on the dry and sunny ground or on mats, and dry them in the sun for 2 to 3 days in a row, turn the seeds frequently, dry them evenly, and then coat them with seed coating agent; use warm water before sowing rice bean seeds Soak for 8-10h, then sterilize with 0.3% carbendazim powder of seed quality; 4. Timely sowing and reasonable dense planting: the first sowing date of corn is when the soil temperature of 5-10 cm is stable and passes 10-12 °C, the first sowing date of rice beans is when the soil temperature of 10 cm is stable and passes 10 °C, and the planting density of corn is 6.5-7.0 10,000 plants/ha, rice bean planting density is 45,000 to 55,000 plants/ha; 5. The field layout of the corn and rice bean intercropping cultivation method: in the horizontal layout, the plot is composed of multiple "corn/rice bean structural units", each "structural unit" consists of a narrow row and a wide row, and the narrow The row width is 30cm, plant two rows of corn, the wide row width is 100cm, plant two rows of rice beans in the middle of the wide row, and the row spacing of rice beans is 70cm; 6. Scientific field management: including suppressing soil moisture after sowing, inspecting seedlings and supplementing seedlings, thinning seedlings, chemical weeding, pest control, intertillage weeding, and rational fertilization; 7. Harvest at the right time: Harvest when the tender pods of rice beans start to become full. Be careful not to damage the infructosis and branches when picking, and harvest in large quantities when the lower pods of the plant turn yellow. 2. The cultivation method of a kind of corn and rice bean intercropping according to claim 1, characterized in that the corn variety in step 2 is "Liangyu 11", "Limin 33" or "Dika 516", and the seeds germinate The yield is ≥95%, the purity is ≥98%, and the clarity is ≥98%. The variety of rice beans is "Baihong No. 4" or "Jingnong No. 5". 3. the cultivation method of a kind of corn and rice bean intercropping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that 3～4 grains are put in every hole when the rice bean is planted in step 4, the sowing depth is 4～6cm, cover with damp soil after sowing. 4. The cultivation method of a kind of corn and rice bean intercropping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step 4, the wide and narrow row seeder is used to sow corn earlier in the sowing time arrangement, the corn row spacing is 30cm, and the plant spacing is 22.0～23.7 cm; after maize is sown, when the soil moisture content reaches 40-50% of the field water capacity, rice beans are sown manually on demand or with a small seeder. 5. the cultivation method of a kind of corn and rice-bean intercropping according to claim 1, it is characterized in that fertilization is based on organic fertilizer, base manure in step 6, implements soil testing formula fertilization, and chemical fertilizer fertilization rate is N200kg/ hectare, P ₂ O ₅ 150kg/ha, K ₂ O 180kg/ha, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are applied at one time as base fertilizer, and nitrogen fertilizer is carried out according to the mass ratio of base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and flower grain fertilizer = 5:3:2; combined with site preparation, decomposed The amount of organic fertilizer is 15,000-20,000kg/ha and the base fertilizer of chemical fertilizer is applied at one time before sowing; the top dressing of corn should be applied deeply, and the depth of application is 15cm, and the top dressing of rice beans should not be applied.