CN106941907A - The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape - Google Patents
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape Download PDFInfo
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- CN106941907A CN106941907A CN201710166131.0A CN201710166131A CN106941907A CN 106941907 A CN106941907 A CN 106941907A CN 201710166131 A CN201710166131 A CN 201710166131A CN 106941907 A CN106941907 A CN 106941907A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses the method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including step：1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation；2) basal dressing：After the mixed fertilizer for applying farm manure and urea and calcium superphosphate, with applying nutrient balance agent；3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used；4) harvest corn and topdress：After harvest corn, by pure N, P2O5And K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：Fill and apply after 1.05 ratio mixing, with applying nutrient balance agent；5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Mixed and dressed seed with malicious fine earth；6) program request winter rape：The program request rape on former corn film；7) enhance field management；8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.Implantation methods flow chart of the present invention is simple, less input for labour and capital, time saving and energy saving, cost-effective.Both ensure corn with high yield, winter rape yield and quality is improved again, realize 1 year two receipts, summer and autumn are complementary, and rapeseed cultivation region also is expanded into northern arid biogeographic zone and border mountain area.
Description
Technical field
Corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter oil is broadcast the invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly to full film double-furrow
The method of dish.
Background technology
Rape is the main oil crops of China, is also to be only second to paddy rice, wheat, the fifth-largest crop of corn and soybean, its
Cultivated area is more than 1.2 hundred million mu.Meanwhile, rape is that " land used is increased soil fertility " is combined crop, and the contradiction for striving ground with grain is small, no
Only be conducive to the yield for increasing rice cultivation after soil fertility, and rape stubble to compare and increase production 15% or so after arrish.It is heavier
Want, northern area winter crops less varieties, rape is the second largest industrial crops for being only second to wheat, but its commodity rate is again high
In wheat, its cultivated area is in ascendant trend year by year.
At present, China's oil resource shortage, the degree of self-sufficiency only has 38%, it is difficult to meet the market demand.Therefore, winter rape producing region
Move northward west and be extended down to northern China Han Han areas, but because of the influence of weather conditions and backward planting technology, winter rape yields poorly, quality
Difference, and land utilization ratio is low, and planting cost is high, and economic benefit is not obvious, and peasant planting enthusiasm is poor.
In consideration of it, the A of patent CN 103460939 disclose a kind of implantation methods of the no-tillage drought resisting cold-resistant of nonirrigated farmland winter rape,
It is applied fertilizer, ploughed deeply, harrowing the in good time spring after mill, covering with plastic film in requirement of the spring according to lower stubble no-tillage and direct-seeding winter rape respectively
Corn is broadcast, corn whole breeding time does not take off mulch film, to after autumn harvest corn, remove maize straw, retain mulch film, directly on ground
Non-ploughing dibble sowing winter rape on film, winter rape whole breeding time does not take off mulch film, until summer next year winter rape harvest, specific steps
For：1) maize straw is removed, mulch film is protected：After mulched maize harvest, the high harvesting corn stalks of 5~10cm, are removed from the ground
Remain weeds and corn stem leaf of earth's surface etc.；2) sow：The degeneration-resistant high yield winter rape variety directly bunch planting on film of selection, sowing is deep
Spend 2~3cm, 20~25cm of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 18~23cm, 3~5/cave；August completes sowing on 10th on 25th to September；3) field
Management：A, survive the winter before manage：When emerging, the situation of being short of seedling has been seen whether in time, has been short of seedling if having, and has manually been reseeded in time；Go out
After seedling 10 days, it is found that film pushes Miao Shiying and puts seedling in time；Final singling disposably is completed during growth of rape to 3~5 true leaves, is stayed per cave
2 plants of seedling, density domination is in 30~450,000 plants/hm2；B, the rational application of fertilizer：Winter rape meets rain after turning green and imposes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, converts into pure
Nitrogen content is 75~90kg/hm2；C, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；D, in good time harvest；E, residual film are removed.In this method selection density-resisting and high-yield
Early ripening maize kind sowing date for early sowing, and soil working is reduced after harvest corn, farming season is saved, achievable winter rape is broadcast in good time
Kind；Soil water content and ground temperature when sowed after harvest corn winter rape are improved, neat and consistent of emerging, growth of seedling is healthy and strong；
Process is reduced, cost is reduced；It is on ridge, soil surface is flat by tradition that full film double-furrow broadcasts no-tillage and direct-seeding winter rape after corn is received
The plane of work is changed to undaform, expands soil surface area, adds the intercepting and capturing amount of light, preferably solves the flat work of tradition because of group
The excessive field of body is strongly fragrant cover caused by ventilation and penetrating light bad phenomenon；Resistant clone, the effect of increasing income is notable.
However, this report receives corn by early sowing early realizes that rape is begun sowing in good time, but due to collecting northern area rainfall more
In at the beginning of autumn late summer, because, without the Pluvial, its yield is necessarily affected during corn growth.In addition, this method is not to oil
Colza is sub- to be handled, and various pests of necessarily being grown nonparasitically upon another plant in soil after corn planting, therefore, the rape incidence of disease are higher, more important
, it uses Traditional Method fertilization mode, and fertilizer structure is single, and after experience corn whole growth period, soil and fertilizer proportioning is lost
Balance is gone, and then influences the fertilizer demand of rape, causes yield to decline.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape is provided, led to
Cross and introduce a fine variety and seed mixes pesticide-clay mixture processing, effectively solve soil after corn planting and grow nonparasitically upon another plant injury of the insect pest to rape；By scientific
Comprehensive fertilizing method, makes late kind of rape reach the growing state with planting rape in good time before surviving the winter, and solves evening kind rape and exists
Deficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
Sow in spring harvest corn after can autumn sowing rape, comprise the following steps：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5With
K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, it is pure
N、P2O5And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed and dress seed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, wherein, malicious fine earth
In 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate content be 12~15%；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Further, step 6) in seed selection and Seed Treatment, the rape seed is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100.
Further, step 6) in seed selection and Seed Treatment, the oilseeds that fry also are included in the malicious fine earth, oilseeds content is
6~10%.
Further, step 6) in seed selection and Seed Treatment, plant ash is also included in the malicious fine earth, vegetation ash content is
20~25%.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1) present invention passes through the soil moisture conservation that applies fertilizers scientifically and deep plough, it is ensured that corn was planted and harvested in optimum period, was dropped with the Northwest
Rain weather fits like a glove, and has fully absorbed rainwater and natural lighting, improves corn yield and quality；By the side for calculating fertilising
Method, and with applying nutrient balance agent, make the soil fertility after maize planting to meet growth of rape demand, and rape emerged and
Facilitation is played in growth, rape is reached the scale planted with optimum period before surviving the winter, and then ensures rape safe overwintering, together
When, after next year soil thaws, rape can recover and grow rapidly, so that rape can fully absorb winter fertile moisture in the soil, subtract
Few spring topdresses number of times and consumption, reaches the effect for making full use of the fertile moisture in the soil of nature.
2) present invention by introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, stable yields improved seeds, and mixed using pesticide-clay mixture
Kind, the insect pest in soil of effectively being grown nonparasitically upon another plant after preventing and treating corn planting, it is ensured that rape is emerged and grown, and reduces pest and disease damage
Rate, while mixing the oilseeds and plant ash fried into pesticide-clay mixture, had both adjusted soil PH and had supplemented fertilizer efficiency, improved plantation nest again
The permeability in cave, also so that smell attracts insect pest and reduces infringement of the insect pest to seed, improves the emergence rate of seed.
3) present invention is after corn is harvested in good time, and direct program request plantation winter rape is saved on ridge, reducing soil working
Farming season, and soil surface is changed to undaform by the flat plane made of tradition, soil surface area is expanded, the intercepting and capturing of light are added
Amount, preferably solves ventilation and penetrating light bad phenomenon caused by the flat work of tradition covers because the excessive field of colony is strongly fragrant；Resistant clone, volume increase
The effect of increasing income is notable.
4) implantation methods of the present invention are that a kind of flow chart is simple, less input for labour and capital, time saving and energy saving, cost-effective, excellent
Matter efficiently gently simplifies implantation methods.In the case where ensureing corn with high yield, winter rape yield and quality is improved, is realized 1 year two
Receive, summer and autumn are complementary, and rapeseed cultivation region is expanded into northern arid biogeographic zone and border mountain area, achieve significant economic benefit and
Social benefit.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further with reference to specific embodiment, in order to same domain technical staff
Understanding.
Tests below is assigned by Gansu Agricultural Technology Promotion General Station, and Zhuanglang County Office of Science and Technology lists management, Zhuanglang
Organized and implemented in September, 2010~2015 year September at county agricultural technology extension center.
Zhuanglang County is located at Eastern Gansu Province, and Liu Pan Shan Xi Lu belongs to loess hilly-gully region.Domestic physical features Dong Gaoxi
Bottom, 1400~2587m of height above sea level, average annual 7.9 DEG C of temperature, 142 days frost-free periods, average annual rainfall 548mm, and spatial and temporal distributions are uneven,
Be concentrated mainly on 7,8, be within 9 three months typical dry farming rain-fed agriculture region.18 small towns, agricultural population 38.7 ten thousand are had jurisdiction in the whole county altogether
People, 6.10 ten thousand square kilometres of total area under cultivation, soil based on yellow cotton soil, secondly Shi black earth soil, black numb soil etc..90% arable land
Belong to Shan Tai nonirrigated farmlands terraced fields, 7.95 ten thousand mu of oil crops of plantation over the years are accounted for cultivated area 8.7%, crop is planted based on flax, arranged in pairs or groups
Plant rape, sunflower, weak etc..But in recent years due to spring-summer drought, native moisture in the soil is not enough, causes flax to be difficult to sow or after planting go out
Seedling is not enough, and production benefit is low, causes flax cultivated area to fall sharply year by year.And rape is planted, the stability of its yield and benefit
Energy multiple cropping again is superior to after flax, receipts, is received within 1 year two, summer and autumn are complementary, and rapeseed cultivation region is expanded into northern arid biogeographic zone
With border mountain area, rape is set to turn into the main cultivation industrial crops in the county and the Main Economic source of increasing peasant income.
Embodiment 1
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
At the beginning of 3 the end of month in 2015 to 4 months, 3.2 ten thousand mu of experimental cultivation corn, comprise the following steps altogether：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5With
K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, it is pure
N、P2O5And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, the oilseeds fried and plant ash
Seed dressing is closed, wherein, the content of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 12~15% in malicious fine earth, and oilseeds content is 6~10%, plant ash
Content is 20~25%, and the rape seed is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Embodiment 2
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
At the beginning of 3 the end of month in 2014 to 4 months, 2.8 ten thousand mu of experimental cultivation corn, comprise the following steps altogether：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5With
K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, it is pure
N、P2O5And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed and dress seed with the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50% and the malicious fine earth of oilseeds fried,
Wherein, the content of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 12~15% in malicious fine earth, and oilseeds content is 6~10%, the rape seed
It is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Embodiment 3
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
At the beginning of 3 the end of month in 2013 to 4 months, 2.6 ten thousand mu of experimental cultivation corn, comprise the following steps altogether：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5With
K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, it is pure
N、P2O5And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed and dress seed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50% and plant ash, its
In, the content of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 12~15% in malicious fine earth, and vegetation ash content is 20~25%, the rape seed
It is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Embodiment 4
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
At the beginning of 3 the end of month in 2012 to 4 months, 1.98 ten thousand mu of experimental cultivation corn, comprise the following steps altogether：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5With
K20 according to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, it is pure
N、P2O5And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed and dress seed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, wherein, malicious fine earth
In 50% content of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate be 12~15%, the rape seed is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Embodiment 5
The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein,
At the beginning of 3 the end of month in 2011 to 4 months, 1.25 ten thousand mu of experimental cultivation corn, comprise the following steps altogether：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplish Horizon,
Soil is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reaches that the volt autumn rain spring is used, and is that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and by urea and calcium superphosphate
By N：P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the urea is used
Measure as 20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous 1
Number and day oil 6 at least one, and mixed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, the oilseeds fried and plant ash
Seed dressing is closed, wherein, the content of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 12~15% in malicious fine earth, and oilseeds content is 6~10%, plant ash
Content is 20~25%, and the rape seed is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, line-spacing 30~
35cm, 22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 are kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3
Tillage and weeding final singling during true leaf, after beginning of spring next year, carries out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is the thin hoe of deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish after the rain
It is hardened, accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
Test within 5 years more than, absolutely proved that full film double-furrow is broadcast the method for corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape and carried
High land utilization ratio, changes the traditional planting models that are harvested for one time each year to yield two crops a year or 2 years three ripe, achieves significant society
Benefit and economic benefit.
It is below the yield and economic benefit during 5 years experimental cultivations, is specifically shown in table 1 below.
Table 1- tests per mu yield
Note：Basic per mu yield refers to the average value of traditional cultivation method yield over the years described in upper table 1.
By upper table 1, remain stable substantially using the inventive method corn yield, and the scope in normal volume
Interior, therefore, implantation methods of the present invention do not influence corn yield.And rapeseed cultivation yield is tested by embodiment, when this
When invention mixes seed dressing to seed using the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, the oilseeds fried and plant ash, it is produced
Amount reaches highest；When mixing seed dressing using the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50% and the oilseeds fried, yield is taken second place；Adopt
Yield when seed dressing is mixed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50% and plant ash is relatively low, and only with mixed with 50%
Yield during the malicious fine earth mixing seed dressing of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is minimum, it follows that in implantation methods of the present invention, Seed Treatment is most
Good mode is to mix seed dressing mixed with the malicious fine earth of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, the oilseeds that fry and plant ash, however, using which
Plant yield of the processing method all than conventional method high, illustrate that the inventive method achieves significant progress.
In addition, during embodiment 5 is tested, not topdressed after harvest corn, yield is relatively low, illustrate the present invention's
Fertilizing method has prominent influence to yield of rape, declines 16.61% compared to the experiment volume increase of embodiment 1, therefore, the present invention is planted
Fertilising is to influence the principal element of yield of rape in plant method, and seed processing technology is to influence the secondary cause of yield, however,
Fertilizing method or method for treating seeds are all to influence the key factor of yield of rape, and both combination of sciences, which can be only achieved, to be expected not
The technique effect arrived.
Claims (4)
1. the method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, including spring sowing corn and autumn sowing rape, wherein, the spring
Can autumn sowing rape after kind of harvest corn, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) site preparation and soil moisture conservation：After preceding crop harvest, deep plough 25~30cm of soil, and harrows a kind of farm tools after rainfall, accomplishes Horizon, soil
It is continuous, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, reach that the volt autumn rain spring is used, be that corn seeding creates good condition；
2) basal dressing：After beginning of spring next year soil thaws, mu applies 3000~4000kg of farm manure, and urea and calcium superphosphate are pressed into N：
P=2：In being manured into soil after 1 ratio mixing, 20~30g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody, wherein, the amount of urea is
20~25kg/ mus, calcium superphosphate consumption is 40~50kg/ mus；
3) ridging overlay film form maize planting is used, wherein, mulch film breadth 120cm；
4) harvest corn and topdress：Mid-September, harvesting corn, and removed field straw and debris, then by pure N, P2O5And K20 presses
According to N：P：K=1：1.14：After 1.05 ratio mixing, 2000~3000 times of dilution sprinkling irrigation soil are made into, wherein, pure N, P2O5
And K20 mu of consumption is respectively 3.899kg, 4.448kg and 4.106kg, and 10~15g/ mus of nutrient balance agent is applied while matching somebody with somebody；
5) seed selection and Seed Treatment：Introduce drought resisting, freeze proof, resistance to lean, high yield, the winter rape variety of stable yields, specially sweet miscellaneous No. 1 and
At least one in its oil 6, and seed dressing is mixed with the malicious fine earth of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50%, wherein, in malicious fine earth
The content of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is 12~15%；
6) program request winter rape：At the beginning of 10 months, the row rape of program request 3 on former corn film, 2.8~3.5cm of seed level, 30~35cm of line-spacing,
22~28cm of hill spacing, 3~4 plants of every cave rape, day oil 6 is kept a full stand of seedings 30,000 plants/acre, and sweet miscellaneous No. 1 is kept a full stand of seedings 1.0 ten thousand plants/acre；
7) enhance field management：The thinning in winter rape two panels true leaf, goes tufted seedling, weak seedling, stays seedlings, strong sprout；3 true leaves
When tillage and weeding final singling, after beginning of spring next year, carry out early hoe and shallow hoe, early hoe is carefully uprooted for deep ploughing, and shallow hoe is to abolish hardened after the rain,
Accomplish intertillage soil moisture conservation in time, and budding florescence in bolting that sprayed boric fertilizer bears pods number and pod grain number to improve plant；
8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvest.
2. the method that full film double-furrow as claimed in claim 1 broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, it is characterised in that：Step
In rapid 6) seed selection and Seed Treatment, the rape seed is 4~5 with malicious fine earth mixed proportion：100.
3. the method that full film double-furrow as claimed in claim 1 broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, it is characterised in that：Step
Also include the oilseeds fried in rapid 6) seed selection and Seed Treatment, in the malicious fine earth, oilseeds content is 6~10%.
4. the method that full film double-furrow as claimed in claim 1 broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape, it is characterised in that：Step
In rapid 6) seed selection and Seed Treatment, plant ash is also included in the malicious fine earth, vegetation ash content is 20~25%.
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| CN107801582A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-16 | 保山市农业科学研究所 | No-tillage rape thin planting beats tongue cultural method after one kind plantation flue-cured tobacco |
| CN108651188A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-16 | 贾娟娟 | A kind of winter rape, sweet-waxy maizes crop rotation breeding method |
| CN108934260A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-07 | 华中农业大学 | A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously |
| CN109429947A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-03-08 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of suitable Rocky Desertification Region oil-beautiful double cropping conservation tillage cultivation method |
| CN111727828A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-02 | 慕晶 | Dry land no-tillage multiple cropping millet cultivation technology |
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Application publication date: 20170714 |