CN109220580A - A kind of implantation methods of clover - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of clover Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220580A CN109220580A CN201811096416.2A CN201811096416A CN109220580A CN 109220580 A CN109220580 A CN 109220580A CN 201811096416 A CN201811096416 A CN 201811096416A CN 109220580 A CN109220580 A CN 109220580A
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- clover
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of clover, comprising the following steps: (1) sowing ground processing is purged weeds to clover sowing, arable land is handled；(2) applying fertilizer, sowing after treatment apply organic fertilizer or biological compost on the ground；(3) alfalfa seed is handled, and is cleaned to alfalfa seed, impurity elimination, breaking dormancy processing；(4) interval sowing, by the way of clover and the sowing of cover crop interval, the cover crop is the crop with the excellent ability of breaking ground for sowing.It replaces existing nitrogenous fertilizer to apply fertilizer with organic fertilizer, has not only supplemented and had input organic carbon source but also improve soil physical property, be conducive to the diversity and activity that maintain clover root soil micropopulation；The strong cover crop of ability of breaking ground is planted at interval while Planting Medicago sativa, and cover crop can drive clover seedling to break ground together, further increase the survival rate of clover by excellent ability of breaking ground in emergence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant cover cultivation methods technical field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of clover.
Background technique
Clover is excellent Perennial legume forages, long with its unique effect and function in long cultivation history
Phase enjoys the good reputation of " King of Pasture ".It may be either that domestic animal provides high-quality protein feed, and soil, training can be improved by fixed nitrogen process
Fertile soil fertility.In recent years, with the development of animal husbandry and the layout again of industry, effect of the clover in agricultural and animal husbandry is more next
It is bigger, it is leguminous forage preferred in careless farm development, current alfalfa cultivation method has the following deficiencies:
1, spring sow clover, be conducive to it and take root, but dried in spring, wind greatly again become endanger what seedling of alfalfa survived
Key factor, traditional alfalfa cultivation method are difficult to solve the problems, such as that emergence rate is low in spring planting process, survival rate is small.
2, China's alfalfa cultivation is found in investigation most of is sand ground, when carrying out fertilizing management, most of clovers
Grower indiscriminately imitates production estimation fertilizer application mode in clover fertilizing management.Investigation 49 sampling points in have 18 sampling points not into
Row fertilising, wherein most of peasant household does not apply fertilizer substantially, and the most applied nitrogen of enterprise grower is as the means for improving yield.Mesh
Before, the nitrogenous fertilizer consumption figure in China alreadys exceed the one third of world's nitrogenous fertilizer consumption, and a large amount of fertilizer application makes China arable land matter
Amount decline, most significant feature is exactly that soil acidification soil acidification can accelerate nutrient element loss, influence crop root development and
Nutrient Absorption breeds plant pest, these all can further promote the producer to increase the use of fertilizer and pesticide, is formed pernicious
Circulation.
3, in northern arid, cold district, the native ability in clover emergence top itself is poor, and ground surface soil is stiff sometimes, sows sometimes
After meet rainfall, surface soil occurs hardened, and it is strong that cover crop pushes up native ability, and when emergence can drive clover seedling to break ground, and improves clover and goes out
Seedling rate.
Therefore, how to provide the high alfalfa cultivation method of a kind of strong ability of breaking ground, high survival rate, quality becomes people from this field
One problem of member's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of clover, comprising the following steps:
(1) sowing ground processing is purged weeds to clover sowing, arable land is handled；
(2) applying fertilizer, sowing after treatment apply organic fertilizer or biological compost on the ground；
(3) alfalfa seed is handled, and is cleaned to alfalfa seed, impurity elimination, breaking dormancy processing；
(4) interval sowing, by the way of clover and the sowing of cover crop interval, the cover crop is with excellent for sowing
The crop of the good ability of breaking ground.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: replacing existing nitrogenous fertilizer to apply fertilizer with organic fertilizer, both supplements and have input organic carbon
Source improves soil physical property again, is conducive to the diversity and activity that maintain clover root soil micropopulation；In plantation lucerne
The strong cover crop of ability of breaking ground is planted at interval while Mu, and cover crop, can band in emergence by excellent ability of breaking ground
Dynamic clover seedling breaks ground together, the survival rate of clover is further increased, in addition, cover crop not only can inhibit weed growth and control
Its invasion to clover, and sow current year and have certain economy return.
It further, further include pest control step, after the alfalfa seed is grown to seedling, by Insect attracting sticking plate to evil
Worm is trapped and killed.
Preferably, field aphid uses yellow card's trap, and thrips is trapped and killed using backboard.Insect-attracting board lower edge and plant are raw when placement
Long point flushes, and adjusts suspension height, every 666.7m with plant strain growth2The armyworm plate 25 of suspension 25cmx30cm specification is opened or 20cm
35 of × 30cm specification.
Further, further include quantitative pouring step, sprinkling pouring is carried out to clover by quantitative water for irrigation, is sprayed
Time be branching stage, harvest time and it is overwintering before.
Preferably, the mode that microspray irrigation can be used is poured, microspray irrigation is a kind of in such a way that low-pressure low flow sprays stream
Irrigation water is supplied to the irrigation method of crop root zone soil；Efficiency of water application height, section can be improved by quantitative micro spray irrigation
Water is about used, seedling moisturizing effect is good, can not only keep soil from packing together, and operating flexibility is big, and it is easy to use, it easily realizes certainly
Dynamicization saves labour.
Preferably, after clover emergence, when 10-25d or so, micro spray irrigation device, including static pressure line are arranged in field
Road (6 cun of main pipelines, 4 cun of branch pipe(tube)s), micro- spray hose (2 passes of left and right) etc., field water yield is 50m3/ h, each irrigation time
For 4h, irrigate 1-2 times.
Preferably, the cultivation depth of step (1) intertillage ground processing is 25-30cm.Sowing ground should be without bright after cultivation
Aobvious clod, upper Panasonic is real, to guarantee that seed and soil come into full contact with, improves emergence rate.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer applied in the step (2) can be phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria fermentation material: organic matter ratio is 1.5:
The application of 8.5 organic fertilizer, Soluble phosphorus bacterial manure can reduce fertilizer application, be conducive to quality raising, enhance disease resistance of plant；This ratio
Example is determined by laboratory test and field trial, is better than other ratios in terms of rhizobium quantity, green forage yield.
Preferably, the biological compost applied in the step (2) can be the biological compost that decomposing agent content is 1.25%.
It is furthermore preferred that can be livestock compost, bio-feritlizer be both the circulation and purification human ecology of agriculture Self substances and energy
Environment, resource effectively recycle, and are the important measures for realizing agricultural " with high yield, good quality and high beneficial results ".
Preferably, after alfalfa seed cleaning, impurity elimination the cleanliness of the alfalfa seed or germination percentage 90% or more.Lucerne
The kind of drought resisting, high yield, saline-alkali tolerant can be selected in Mu seed, as Xinjiang big Leaf, clover king, the star of salt tolerant, Algonquin, middle lucerne 1
Number etc..
Preferably, the mode of interval plantation is every plantation 2-3 row alfalfa cultivation a line cover crop in the step (4),
Line-spacing is 15-20 centimetres.Line-spacing is in 15cm or so, depth of planting 1-2.5cm, after planting earthing gland, the application rate of clover
For 20-22.5kg/hm2.The application rate of cover crop is 50-55kg/hm2。
Preferably, cover crop described in the step (4) can be feed oat, and it is fast, raw that kind can choose emergence
The kind that the phase is long, feeding value is high is educated, such as dam oats 18 determines swallow No. 2 and GL381.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1
1. seed selection: selecting clover king seed several, cover crop selection determines swallow No. 2；
2. seed treatment: cleaning, impurity elimination make the germination percentage of clover seedling 90% or more, and dry 1-2 days in the sun
The breaking dormancy phase；
3. sowing ground prepares: fine site preparation is needed before broadcasting, and removes weeds, deep plough 25-30cm, and without obvious clod, upper Panasonic is real,
To guarantee that seed and soil come into full contact with, emergence rate is improved；Apply cow dung compost (decomposing agent 1.25%) 8000kg/hm2。
4. beginning sowing in good time: the selection of Dryland clover is sowed in late May or early June, but wants adaptation to local conditions, makes to emerge whole
Homogeneous causes.
5. seeding method: using 3 rows or 4 row precision planters, line-spacing is adjusted to 15cm, and the arrangement of seeder seed device is suitable
Sequence arranges in the way of feed oat, clover, clover or feed oat, clover, clover, feed oat, that is, plants the feeding swallow of 1 row
The mode of 2 row clover of wheat is planted, line-spacing 15cm, seed level 1-2.5cm, broadcasts rear suppression of soil, and clover application rate is 20~
22.5kg/hm2, the application rate of feed oat is 50~55kg/hm2。
6. seedling stage pest control: when growth of seedling, yellow card's trap aphid is arranged in field, and arrangement backboard traps and kills thrips.It places
When insect-attracting board lower edge flushed with plant strain growth point, with plant strain growth adjust suspension height, every 666.7m2Hang 25cmx30cm rule
The armyworm plate 25 of lattice is opened or 35 of 20cm × 30cm specification.
7 field management: in due course top dressing applies 3600kg/hm based on biological organic fertilizer (addition phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria)2Left and right；Branch
After phase, harvesting, respectively poured water before Winter Solstice 1 time；Seedling Stage carries out tillage and weeding after gathering in every time, loosens the soil in conjunction with weeding.
8. cradling: summer sowing clover current year harvesting 1 time, wherein feeding feed oat cradles in florescence at heading stage-, clover
It cradles on October, the middle ten days progress, the clover height for the stubble left is 7-10cm, and in favor of overwintering and next year high yield, second year starts lucerne
Mu can gather in 3 times.
Through detecting, the clover planted through the above scheme, feed oat hay yield 1220kg/hm2；Alfalfa hay yield
3750kg/hm2；Current year clover unicast 2890kg/hm2。
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of clover, replaces existing nitrogenous fertilizer to apply fertilizer with organic fertilizer, has both supplemented defeated
Entered organic carbon source improves soil physical property again, is conducive to the diversity and work that maintain clover root soil micropopulation
Property；Interval plantation is broken ground the strong cover crop of ability while Planting Medicago sativa, cover crop by excellent ability of breaking ground,
Clover seedling can be driven to break ground together when emergence, further increase the survival rate of clover, in addition, cover crop not only can inhibit weeds
The invasion for growing and controlling it to clover, and sow current year and have certain economy return.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of clover, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing ground processing is purged weeds to clover sowing, arable land is handled；
(2) applying fertilizer, sowing after treatment apply organic fertilizer or biological compost on the ground；
(3) alfalfa seed is handled, and is cleaned to alfalfa seed, impurity elimination, breaking dormancy processing；
(4) interval sowing, by the way of clover and the sowing of cover crop interval, the cover crop is with excellent broken for sowing
The crop of native ability.
2. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include pest control step, institute
It states after alfalfa seed is grown to seedling, pest is trapped and killed by Insect attracting sticking plate.
3. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include quantitative pouring step, lead to
Cross quantitative water for irrigation and sprinkling pouring carried out to clover, spraying time be branching stage, harvest time and it is overwintering before.
4. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) intertillage ground processing
Cultivation depth be 25-30cm.
5. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that is applied in the step (2) has
Machine fertilizer can be phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria fermentation material: the organic fertilizer that organic matter ratio is 1.5:8.5.
6. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the life applied in the step (2)
Object compost can be the biological compost that decomposing agent content is 1.25%.
7. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alfalfa seed cleaning, impurity elimination
The cleanliness of the alfalfa seed or germination percentage are 90% or more afterwards.
8. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that interval plantation in the step (4)
Mode be every 1 row cover crop of plantation 2-3 row alfalfa cultivation, line-spacing be 15-20 centimetres.
9. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the plantation amount of the clover is 20-
22.5kg/hm2。
10. a kind of implantation methods of clover according to claim 1, which is characterized in that protected described in the step (4)
Crop can be feed oat.
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| CN201811096416.2A CN109220580A (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | A kind of implantation methods of clover |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110214640A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of arid-desert area grazing hybrid sowing |
| CN111802182A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-23 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Alfalfa wind erosion prevention planting method |
| CN112166988A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-05 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Planting method of alfalfa rich in trace elements |
| CN114051898A (en) * | 2021-11-07 | 2022-02-18 | 新疆农业大学 | Planting method for protecting seedlings and saving water of alfalfa in windy and sandy land |
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| CN102308720A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions |
| CN103988666A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-20 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | Ridging, mulching and rain collecting planting method for alfalfa in dry-farming areas |
| CN106258285A (en) * | 2015-06-07 | 2017-01-04 | 杨华 | Semen Tritici aestivi interplanting alfalfa |
| CN106258279A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-04 | 李康龙 | Alfalfa interplanting broom corn millet |
| CN106258280A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-04 | 李康龙 | Alfalfa interplanting Semen Fagopyri Esculenti |
| CN108337976A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-31 | 霍邱县运发牧业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of clover |
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| CN101990818A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-03-30 | 甘肃农业大学 | Technology for establishing alfalfa grasslands at cold regions |
| CN102308720A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Double-layered growing method for lucern in mountainous areas of arid regions |
| CN103988666A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-20 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | Ridging, mulching and rain collecting planting method for alfalfa in dry-farming areas |
| CN106258279A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-04 | 李康龙 | Alfalfa interplanting broom corn millet |
| CN106258280A (en) * | 2015-05-30 | 2017-01-04 | 李康龙 | Alfalfa interplanting Semen Fagopyri Esculenti |
| CN106258285A (en) * | 2015-06-07 | 2017-01-04 | 杨华 | Semen Tritici aestivi interplanting alfalfa |
| CN108337976A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-31 | 霍邱县运发牧业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of clover |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110214640A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of arid-desert area grazing hybrid sowing |
| CN111802182A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-23 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Alfalfa wind erosion prevention planting method |
| CN112166988A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-05 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Planting method of alfalfa rich in trace elements |
| CN114051898A (en) * | 2021-11-07 | 2022-02-18 | 新疆农业大学 | Planting method for protecting seedlings and saving water of alfalfa in windy and sandy land |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |