CN104969765A - Cultivation method for interplanting stylosanthes guianensis and annual ryegrass - Google Patents
Cultivation method for interplanting stylosanthes guianensis and annual ryegrass Download PDFInfo
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- CN104969765A CN104969765A CN201510454047.XA CN201510454047A CN104969765A CN 104969765 A CN104969765 A CN 104969765A CN 201510454047 A CN201510454047 A CN 201510454047A CN 104969765 A CN104969765 A CN 104969765A
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- khuskhus
- ryegrass
- perennial ryegrass
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- 240000006022 Lolium multiflorum Species 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 241000895680 Stylosanthes guianensis Species 0.000 title abstract 9
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000005775 Chrysopogon zizanioides Species 0.000 claims description 95
- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 90
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 claims description 75
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000409991 Mythimna separata Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000222237 Colletotrichum trifolii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002777 perennial rye grass Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- ZBZJARSYCHAEND-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dihydrogen phosphate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O ZBZJARSYCHAEND-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 10
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000380130 Ehrharta erecta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019749 Dry matter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001495120 Stylosanthes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000051 modifying Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The present invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting stylosanthes guianensis and annual ryegrass, and belongs to the technical field of herbage production. The method comprises the steps of rational close planting, stylosanthes guianensis field management, stylosanthes guianensis mowing utilization, ryegrass interplanting, ryegrass field management, ryegrass mowing utilization and ryegrass multiple cropping. According to the method, after decomposed farm manure and calcium superphosphate are applied to arable land of Jinsha River dry-hot valley, field planting ponds are dug to plant the stylosanthes guianensis; the stylosanthes guianensis field management comprises the steps of topdressing, draining flooded fields and irrigating, weeding and controlling insect diseases; and topdressing the stylosanthes guianensis after every mowing, and interplanting ryegrass seeds from the end of September to October after mowing the stylosanthes guianensis in the first year. According to the method, the defect of greenfeed shortages in the autumn and winter of the Jinsha River dry-hot valley is overcome, a new raw material production method is provided for development of winter animal husbandry of the Jinsha River dry-hot valley, waste of water resources, production cost and land resources is reduced, and compared with a method of only planting the stylosanthes guianensis, the benefit per mu can be increased by 338-959 yuan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method that a kind of khuskhus and 1 year perennial ryegrass are interplanted, belong to grass industry technical field.
Background technology
The feature such as khuskhus (Stylosanthes spp.) has fixed nitrogen, fast-growing, resistance toly to cut, applicability, drought resistance are strong.Its good palatability, being the important leguminous forage in the tropical and subtropical region of the livestock and poultry such as ox, sheep eating and forage plant, is the good forage of suitable dry-hot valley arid hillside field plantation.Annual ryegrass (Loliummultiflorum Lam.) likes warm, humid climate, and have nutriment and enrich, quality high-quality, good palatability feature, various domestic animal was all liked and searched for food than the growth of other gramineous grass soon autumn and spring.Respectively containing protein 13.7% in cauline leaf dry matter, crude fat 3.8%, raw fiber 21.3%, herbaceous stem is good, and suitable green grass or young crops is raised, modulate hay, ensiling and herding, and is the high quality grass of raising horse, ox, sheep, pig, fowl, rabbit and herbivorous fishes.
Adaptability ofgrowth is positioned at 25.5 ° ~ 28.0 ° N, 100.3 ° ~ 103.60 ° E, belongs to south subtropics weather.Year samming 20 DEG C ~ 23 DEG C, annual precipitation is 600 ~ 800mm, year evaporation discharge 2500 ~ 3800mm, year evaporation discharge be 3 ~ 6 times of annual precipitation, concentrate on October to Second Year June dry season.Be the season of the various gramineous grass growth of one's native land of local area at the beginning of June ~ 10 month, autumn and winter lacks green fodder, according to region forage grass production status, finds and all has the feed cropping pattern of livestock of forage grass imperative in a kind of summer and winter.Khuskhus is a kind of warm season perennial grass, the season of growth is generally at the beginning of June to 10 month, can grow 4 years after First Year seedling raising and transplanting, the khuskhus amount of growth after October is less, and for the crop of perennial plantation, need wait again sprout the June of Second Year and enter vegetative growth phase, need water this every month in period and once ensure that khuskhus survives, the time reaching half a year is not high to khuskhus planting site benefit, causes land wastage on the one hand, waste water resource, time-consuming on the other hand.Annual ryegrass is a kind of Cool-Season Forage Species, and October to Second Year March is the local area annual ryegrass season of growth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for adaptability ofgrowth all has forage grass supply livestock with large area kind grass in a kind of summer and winter for the construction of production base of cultivation raw material provides, land utilization rate can be improved again, the cultivation method that the khuskhus of the increase output value and annual ryegrass are interplanted.
The cultivation method that a kind of khuskhus provided by the present invention and annual ryegrass are interplanted, cradle utilization by the field management of rational close planting, khuskhus, khuskhus, interplanting perennial ryegrass, the field management of perennial ryegrass, perennial ryegrass cradle utilization, each step of multiple cropping of perennial ryegrass forms, each step concrete operations are as follows:
(1) rational close planting
Can soil be ploughed at adaptability ofgrowth, in conjunction with whole, well-rotted farmyard manure 7500 ~ 15000kg/hm be applied to monoblock planting site
2with superphosphate 400 ~ 600kg/hm
2, dig the field planting pool, the distance between rows and hills of khuskhus is 40cm × 55cm; Adaptability ofgrowth rainy season, by khuskhus transplantation of seedlings in the field planting pool, every pool field planting 1 ~ 2 strain;
(2) field management of khuskhus
1. to topdress management: khuskhus transplantation of seedlings survives rear First Year, when young leaves is sprouted, at the urea 1 ~ 2 time that each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction, the amount of urea of each circulating application is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg, 15 ~ 20 days, twice circulating application urea interval;
2. water drainage in good time and irrigation: annual June to the rainy season in October, timely draining, controls soil moisture content and is no more than 15% mass fraction, in the arid season in May annual November to next year, employing drip irrigation is irrigated, and keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 10% mass fraction;
3. removal of impurities is intertilled: manually cut weeds during intertillage;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: June to November, mass fraction was that 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid are sprayed 2 times every year, each spraying is separated by 10 ~ 15 days, prevents the generation of anthracnose; Annual October to November with 20% pyridine worm narrow pulvis 3000 times of liquid spray aphid or mythimna separata to aphid or mythimna separata dead, spray 5 ~ 7 days, this liquid interval at every turn;
(3) khuskhus cradles utilization
The khuskhus of 1. planting First Year is cradling once to October by the end of August, as khuskhus plant height 60 ~ 80cm, high 20 ~ the 30cm of toothing, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, be the urea of 46% mass fraction at each khuskhus plantation pool circulating application leaded wastewater after cradling, amount of urea is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg; The khuskhus cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
2. the khuskhus of Second Year to the 4th year is planted, respectively cradle once annual July to August and October to November when khuskhus grows to 60 ~ 80cm, toothing high 20 ~ 30cm when at every turn cradling, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, after cradling khuskhus at every turn, at the urea that each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction, the amount of urea of each circulating application is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg; The khuskhus cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
(4) perennial ryegrass is interplanted
By the end of September to October after First Year cradles khuskhus, after 1 row khuskhus excavates 1 row khuskhus, in the ranks manually plough and row replacement farmyard manure at the khuskhus excavated, the sowing amount of farmyard manure is that mu executes 500 ~ 800kg farmyard manure, 1 row ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing at this row excavating khuskhus, then earthing 2 ~ 3cm, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed is 0.5 ~ 1.8kg/ mu; Before perennial ryegrass sowing, be the limewash seed soaking ryegrass seed 1 hour 30 points of 1% with mass fraction;
(5) field management of perennial ryegrass
1. fertilizing management: when the perennial ryegrass sowed grows to 10cm ~ 50cm, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields urea 5 ~ 8kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction;
2. irrigation management: the same day of perennial ryegrass sowing, 1 water of spraying every day, every sprinkling irrigation in 4 ~ 5 days 1 water after emerging, when plant strain growth is to more than 10cm, every 7 ~ 8 days sprinkling irrigation 1 water keep soil moisture content to be not less than 10% mass fraction to the 3rd day;
3. weeds in field management: weed a garden in time before cradling perennial ryegrass for the first time, first time only removes the weeds higher than perennial ryegrass after cradling perennial ryegrass;
(6) perennial ryegrass cradles utilization
When perennial ryegrass more than plant height 50cm starts to cradle utilization, cradle 4 ~ 6 times every year, when cradling, the high 2 ~ 5cm of toothing, cradles the perennial ryegrass of high 2 ~ more than the 5cm of stubble at every turn, after often cradling perennial ryegrass, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields urea 5 ~ 8kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction; The perennial ryegrass cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
(7) multiple cropping of perennial ryegrass
After First Year interplanting perennial ryegrass, ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing again in annual place of planting perennial ryegrass to October at First Year by the end of September, fertilising of turning over before broadcasting sowing perennial ryegrass, seed soaking ryegrass seed, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed, after planting earthing are identical with step (4), and carry out field management by step (5) and step (6) mode to perennial ryegrass and perennial ryegrass cradles utilization.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the inventive method is according to the not equal biological property of plant of khuskhus two kinds and the difference of breeding time, research and propose the method for a kind of khuskhus interplanting annual ryegrass, overcome the defect that adaptability ofgrowth lacks green fodder autumn and winter, the development for adaptability ofgrowth livestock breeding in winter provides new, efficient feedstock production process.
2, the inventive method decreases the waste of water resource simultaneously, production cost, the waste of land resources.
Due to khuskhus, to cradle rear amount of growth less, and need reach in the time of half a year what wait for that Second Year sprout again, maintenance of watering every month survives, this stage both produced without a large amount of forage grass, water resource waste is comparatively large, time-consuming, production cost is higher, and land resources compares waste.And after interplanting perennial ryegrass, existing a large amount of herbage produces, relatively reduce the waste of water resource, production cost, the waste of land resources.
3, the inventive method is than single khuskhus every mu new returns 338.8 yuan ~ 959.5 yuan, and the output value improves 22.7 ~ 310%.Create unforeseeable technique effect.
4, the inventive method cost is low, easy to operate, and practicality is strong especially, easily promotes.
5, the present invention is conducive at adaptability ofgrowth large area kind grass is the construction of production base cultivating raw material, is engaged in the operation of the peasant of livestock breeding, agricultural organization, agricultural corporation.
Embodiment
By the following specific examples further illustrate the invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) rational close planting
Can soil be ploughed at adaptability ofgrowth, in conjunction with whole, well-rotted farmyard manure 7500kg/hm be applied to monoblock planting site
2with superphosphate 400kg/hm
2, dig the field planting pool, during plantation, khuskhus distance between rows and hills is 40cm × 55cm; Adaptability ofgrowth rainy season, by khuskhus transplantation of seedlings in the field planting pool, every pool field planting 1 ~ 2 strain.
(2) field management of khuskhus
1. to topdress management: khuskhus transplantation of seedlings survives rear First Year, when young leaves is sprouted, be the urea 1 time of 46% mass fraction at each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater, the amount of urea of each circulating application is every pool 0.003kg, 15 days, twice circulating application urea interval;
2. water drainage in good time and irrigation: annual June to the rainy season in October, timely draining, controls soil moisture content≤15% mass fraction, in the arid season in May annual November to next year, adopts drip irrigation to irrigate, keeps soil moisture content >=10% mass fraction.
3. removal of impurities is intertilled: manually cut weeds during intertillage;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: June to November, mass fraction was that 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid are sprayed 2 times every year, each spraying is separated by 10 days, prevents the generation of anthracnose; Annual October to November mass fraction be 20% pyridine worm narrow pulvis 3000 times of liquid spray aphid or mythimna separata to aphid or mythimna separata dead, spray 5 days, this liquid interval at every turn.
(3) khuskhus cradles utilization
The khuskhus of 1. planting First Year is cradling once (khuskhus First Year only cradles once) by the end of September, as plant height 60 ~ 80cm, high 20 ~ the 30cm of toothing, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, be the urea of 46% mass fraction at each khuskhus plantation pool circulating application leaded wastewater after cradling, amount of urea is every pool 0.005kg; The khuskhus cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
2. the khuskhus of Second Year to the 4th year is planted, respectively cradle once when khuskhus grows to 60 ~ 80cm (khuskhus of plantation Second Year to the 4th year cradles twice every year) annual July and October, toothing high 20 ~ 30cm when at every turn cradling, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, because khuskhus is perennial grass, 4 years can be grown after First Year seedling raising and transplanting, at Second Year to the 4th year, after annual July and October cradling khuskhus at every turn, at the urea that each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction, the amount of urea of each circulating application is every pool 0.005kg, the khuskhus at every turn cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit,
(4) perennial ryegrass is interplanted
After First Year cradles khuskhus at the beginning of 10 months, after 1 row khuskhus excavates 1 row khuskhus, in the ranks manually plough and row replacement farmyard manure at the khuskhus excavated, the sowing amount of farmyard manure is that mu executes 500kg, 1 row ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing at this row excavating khuskhus, then earthing 2 ~ 3cm, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed is 0.5kg/ mu; Before perennial ryegrass sowing, be sow after the limewash seed soaking ryegrass seed 1 hour 30 points of 1% with mass fraction, it is mould to prevent and treat pink again.
(5) field management of perennial ryegrass
1. fertilizing management: when the perennial ryegrass sowed grows to 10cm ~ 50cm, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields the urea 5kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction.
2. irrigation management: the same day of perennial ryegrass sowing, 1 water of spraying every day, every sprinkling irrigation in 4 ~ 5 days 1 water after emerging, when plant strain growth is to more than 10cm, every 7 days sprinkling irrigation 1 water keep soil moisture content >=10% mass fraction to the 3rd day.
3. weeds in field management: weed a garden in time before cradling perennial ryegrass for the first time, first time only removes the weeds higher than perennial ryegrass after cradling perennial ryegrass.
(6) perennial ryegrass cradles utilization
When perennial ryegrass more than plant height 50cm starts to cradle utilization, cradle 4 times every year, when cradling, the high 2 ~ 5cm of toothing, cradles the perennial ryegrass of high 2 ~ more than the 5cm of stubble at every turn, after often cradling perennial ryegrass, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields the urea 5kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction; The perennial ryegrass at every turn cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
(7) multiple cropping of perennial ryegrass
Ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing again in the place of First Year plantation perennial ryegrass at the beginning of annual 10 months after First Year interplanting perennial ryegrass, fertilising of turning over before broadcasting sowing perennial ryegrass, seed soaking ryegrass seed, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed, after planting earthing are identical with step (4), and carry out field management by step (5) and step (6) mode to perennial ryegrass and perennial ryegrass cradles utilization.
The above rational application of fertilizer, pour water and cradle in advance, and with 1% limewash seed soaking perennial ryegrass before sowing, all can prevent disease, without the disease generation of khuskhus and perennial ryegrass in whole cultivation.Aphid or mythimna separata are are effectively prevented and treated, and occur without other insect pest.
(8) effect:
Below the only benefit that produces to Second Year of First Year in the process of the present invention, illustrates technique effect of the present invention, refers to table 1 to table 3.
(1) after khuskhus plantation cradles then by the end of September, amount of growth can reduce, and winter does not have output, if khuskhus sample ground row interplant perennial ryegrass, add khuskhus sample ground herbage quanlily and forage yield, improve Land Units area productivity ratio, in table 2.It is first that plantation can increase economic benefit 22.7%-306.8% to Second Year every mu then, in table 3.
(2) adaptability ofgrowth straight Second Year in October is the season that livestock lacks the blue or green amount of raising March, and annual ryegrass is as Cool-Season Forage Species, its vegetative period is straight Second Year March in October, interplanting is at the capable interband of khuskhus, add species diversity, the development of favourable livestock breeding in winter, reach livestock feed in process forage grass supply seasonal balancing.
(3) herbage can be fed after cradling goat, and goat carries out stable breeding or half stable breeding, decreases goat and goes up a hill and gnaw meadow, prevent degraded natural grassland, protect ecotope.
Sample ground unit are herbage gross yield after table 1 khuskhus sample ground interplanting perennial ryegrass cover
Table 2 khuskhus single sample ground unit are forage yield
The economic benefits comparison that after table 3 khuskhus sample ground interplanting perennial ryegrass, sample ground unit are increases
The output value (unit/mu)=khuskhus hay yield (or perennial ryegrass hay yield) × 2.5 yuan/kg of herbage.
Table 3 shows: the 1st year, interplanting sample ground, unit are herbage gross yield increases by 383.8 hay kg/ mus than single khuskhus unit are herbage gross yield, increase the output value 959.5 yuan/mu, the 2nd year, interplanting sample ground, unit are herbage gross yield increases by 135.5 hay kg/ mus than single khuskhus unit are herbage gross yield, increase the output value 338.8 yuan/mu, the 1st year to the 2nd year, interplanting sample ground, the output value improves 22.7 ~ 310%.
Claims (1)
1. a khuskhus and annual ryegrass cultivation method of interplanting, is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) rational close planting
Can soil be ploughed at adaptability ofgrowth, in conjunction with whole, well-rotted farmyard manure 7500 ~ 15000kg/hm be applied to monoblock planting site
2with superphosphate 400 ~ 600kg/hm
2, dig the field planting pool, the distance between rows and hills of khuskhus is 40cm × 55cm; Adaptability ofgrowth rainy season, by khuskhus transplantation of seedlings in the field planting pool, every pool field planting 1 ~ 2 strain;
(2) field management of khuskhus
1. to topdress management: khuskhus transplantation of seedlings survives rear First Year, when young leaves is sprouted, at the urea 1 ~ 2 time that each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction, the amount of urea of each circulating application is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg, 15 ~ 20 days, twice circulating application urea interval;
2. water drainage in good time and irrigation: annual June to the rainy season in October, timely draining, controls soil moisture content and is no more than 15% mass fraction, in the arid season in May annual November to next year, employing drip irrigation is irrigated, and keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 10% mass fraction;
3. removal of impurities is intertilled: manually cut weeds during intertillage;
4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: June to November, mass fraction was that 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid are sprayed 2 times every year, each spraying is separated by 10 ~ 15 days, prevents the generation of anthracnose; Annual October to November with 20% pyridine worm narrow pulvis 3000 times of liquid spray aphid or mythimna separata to aphid or mythimna separata dead, spray 5 ~ 7 days, this liquid interval at every turn;
(3) khuskhus cradles utilization
The khuskhus of 1. planting First Year is cradling once to October by the end of August, as khuskhus plant height 60 ~ 80cm, high 20 ~ the 30cm of toothing, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, be the urea of 46% mass fraction at each khuskhus plantation pool circulating application leaded wastewater after cradling, amount of urea is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg; The khuskhus cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
2. the khuskhus of Second Year to the 4th year is planted, respectively cradle once annual July to August and October to November when khuskhus grows to 60 ~ 80cm, toothing high 20 ~ 30cm when at every turn cradling, cradle the khuskhus of high 20 ~ more than the 30cm of stubble, after cradling khuskhus at every turn, at the urea that each khuskhus field planting pool circulating application leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction, the amount of urea of each circulating application is the every pool 0.003 ~ 0.005kg; The khuskhus cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
(4) perennial ryegrass is interplanted
By the end of September to October after First Year cradles khuskhus, after 1 row khuskhus excavates 1 row khuskhus, in the ranks plough and row replacement farmyard manure at the khuskhus excavated, the sowing amount of farmyard manure is that mu executes 500 ~ 800kg farmyard manure, 1 row ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing at this row excavating khuskhus, then earthing 2 ~ 3cm, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed is 0.5 ~ 1.8kg/ mu; Before perennial ryegrass sowing, be the limewash seed soaking ryegrass seed 1 hour 30 points of 1% with mass fraction;
(5) field management of perennial ryegrass
1. fertilizing management: when the perennial ryegrass sowed grows to 10cm ~ 50cm, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields urea 5 ~ 8kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction;
2. irrigation management: the same day of perennial ryegrass sowing, 1 water of spraying every day, every sprinkling irrigation in 4 ~ 5 days 1 water after emerging, when plant strain growth is to more than 10cm, every 7 ~ 8 days sprinkling irrigation 1 water keep soil moisture content to be not less than 10% mass fraction to the 3rd day;
3. weeds in field management: weed a garden in time before cradling perennial ryegrass for the first time, first time only removes the weeds higher than perennial ryegrass after cradling perennial ryegrass;
(6) perennial ryegrass cradles utilization
When perennial ryegrass more than plant height 50cm starts to cradle utilization, cradle 4 ~ 6 times every year, when cradling, the high 2 ~ 5cm of toothing, cradles the perennial ryegrass of high 2 ~ more than the 5cm of stubble at every turn, after often cradling perennial ryegrass, the moisture in the soil face of perennial ryegrass is directly spread fertilizer over the fields urea 5 ~ 8kg/ mu that leaded wastewater is 46% mass fraction; The perennial ryegrass cradled is fed any one animal or any two or more animal in ox, sheep, rabbit;
(7) multiple cropping of perennial ryegrass
After First Year interplanting perennial ryegrass, ryegrass seed is broadcasted sowing again in annual place of planting perennial ryegrass to October at First Year by the end of September, fertilising of turning over before broadcasting sowing perennial ryegrass, seed soaking ryegrass seed, the seeding quantity of ryegrass seed, after planting earthing are identical with step (4), and carry out field management by step (5) and step (6) described mode to perennial ryegrass and perennial ryegrass cradles utilization.
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