CN102763551B - Cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata. The cuttage and breeding technology comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting seedling nursery land; (2) subsoiling, performing soil preparation and applying a base fertilizer; (3) disinfecting the soil; (4) making a seed bed, ridging and covering by a mulching film; (5) cutting green branches; (6) managing the seedling nursery land; and (7) transplanting nursery-grown plants. The cuttage and breeding technology is characterized in that a method for cutting the green branches is adopted; and the seed bed is made. Compared with the prior art, the cuttage and breeding technology has the advantages that the survival rate and yield of ampelopsis grossedentata plants can be improved, the soaking time is shortened, and the cuttage efficiency is improved; and the cuttage and breeding technology is suitable for large-scale cultivation and transplantation.

Description

A kind of cutting propagation method of rattan tea

technical field

The invention relates to a cutting propagation technology of vine tea, which belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. the

Background technique

Vine tea is not only a pure natural green beverage, but also a wonderful tea with strong health care function. It is rich in dihydromyricetin, flavonoids, amino acids, vitamins and various trace elements necessary for human body. Good health effects. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, vine tea, a kind of pure natural wild food, no side effects and no pollution, is more and more popular among people. In the prior art, the planting technical scheme resource of rattan tea is lacking. The Chinese patent application document with the application number 01131513.X discloses a cutting propagation and directional transplanting technology of vine tea plants, mainly cutting semi-lignified or lignified branches of wild vine tea plants on the mountain into sections in autumn and winter. Cutting branches with 3 to 4 nodes, the cut is about 1 to 1.5 cm above the bud nodes, the cutting branches are rooted and inserted into the seedbed, and the bud nodes are left on the top, and the vine tea plants are bred according to the conventional management methods for cutting seedlings , the rooting treatment is to use rooting powder (agent) to prepare a solution of corresponding concentration according to the instructions, soak the lower nodes of the cutting branches in the above solution for 8 hours, and in addition, it adopts a single layer of film in the heat preservation and seedling cultivation, that is, The temperature control film is set only above the leaf tooth growth space of the seedlings. Although this scheme has achieved a certain effect in improving the seedling rate, due to the long soaking time and low production efficiency, the use of single-layer mulching is greatly affected by the climate, especially when the temperature changes suddenly, and the ground temperature and growth temperature are not easy to control. Also as described in Chinese patent ZL201010197565.5 "a method for grafting sweet vine magic tea with sweet tea and vine tea" is not a cultivation technique for the plant vine tea. the

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vine tea cutting propagation technology with higher cutting efficiency, higher seedling rate, strong temperature adaptability, and convenient management and maintenance. the

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A cutting propagation technique of vine tea, comprising the following steps: (1) selection of nursery land; (2) deep plowing and soil preparation and base fertilizer application; (3) soil disinfection; (4) bed making and ridge and cover of seedbed plastic film; (5) green branch cutting; (6) nursery management; (7) seedling transplantation; the step (5) green branch cutting includes seed collection, cutting pruning, cutting rooting treatment and cutting, the seed Strip collection is to collect 1-3 years old branches as seed strips after the leaves of vine tea fall or before germination; the cuttings are trimmed to leave 2-3 nodes on the seed strips, and cut flat from the upper node at 1.5-2.5cm, The cuttings are cut obliquely at 1.5-2.5 cm below the lower node; when the soil temperature is stable above 10°C, the cuttings are inserted into the seedbed at a density of 10×10 cm between rows and plants, and 1-2 buds are left on the plastic film On the top, after inserting, build an arch shed on the furrow, and cover the shed with a thick plastic film. the

The rooting treatment of the cuttings is that the cuttings are bound and soaked in clear water for 6-9 hours, and then soaked with rooting powder and yellow mud for 1-2 hours. the

The rooting treatment of the cuttings is that the cuttings are bound and soaked in clear water for 6-9 hours, then dipped in the naphthalene acetic acid rooting powder solution for 1-2 seconds, and inserted as they are dipped. the

The step (4) making the bed and ridging means that the seedbed is oriented north-south, with a width of 1 meter, and the bed is 15-25 cm higher than the footpath, and is made by mixing fine soil, clean river sand and sawdust in a ratio of 1:1:1 , There is a 30-40cm walkway between the beds, which is also used for side irrigation. the

The step (2) deep plowing refers to plowing the whole garden with a depth of 20 to 30 cm, turning the topsoil inside and the subsoil outside; combined with plowing, 45,000 kilograms of slow-release decomposing seeds are applied per hectare. Organic fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, and superphosphate and urea are added at the same time to improve soil fertility; corresponding acid-base fertilizers are applied according to the pH of the soil to adjust the pH value to 4-4.5. the

The step (7) of seedling transplantation is to select annual strong seedlings without damage, disease, or residual branches, with the spacing between rows and rows of 1.5m×1.7m, and single row or "pin" row, one plant per hole Planting method, colonized in the field. the

The step (6) nursery field management is to apply nitrogen fertilizer as the main chemical fertilizer after the cuttings germinate for 15 to 20 days; the amount of fertilization depends on the soil fertility, generally 1:125 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare; and pay attention to pests and diseases control and prevention of animal trampling. the

The step (3) of soil disinfection is to burn straw organic debris on the surface of the nursery, or to treat the nursery by spraying or spreading poisonous soil with fungicides and insecticides of appropriate concentration. the

The selection of nursery land in the step (1) is to choose an area with open terrain, sufficient sunlight, no pollution, good drainage, convenient transportation, and less vulnerable to floods. the

The present invention has been tested, cutting 40,000 plants per mu, and the seedling rate is over 85%. the

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt the double-layer film of mulch film and shed film, be beneficial to control ground temperature and growth temperature, improve the climate adaptability of raising seedlings, the cuttings are treated with naphthalene acetic acid rooting powder solution to improve the survival rate of cuttings; Dipping and cutting can greatly shorten the rooting treatment time and improve cutting efficiency; in the seedbed material, fine soil is good for providing nutrients, river sand is good for water seepage, and sawdust can play a moisturizing role when dry. Compared with the prior art, the invention can improve the survival rate and yield of vine tea plants; shorten the soaking time and improve the cutting efficiency; has strong temperature adaptability, convenient management and maintenance; and is suitable for large-scale cultivation and transplantation. the

Detailed ways

Embodiment one:

Choose an area with open terrain, sufficient sunlight, no pollution, good drainage, convenient transportation, and less vulnerable to flooding. The whole garden is plowed with a depth of 20cm on the nursery; when the terraces and drainage ditches are built on the sloping land, combined with deep plowing, the topsoil is turned inside and the subsoil is turned outside. the

Combined with deep plowing and soil improvement, apply 45,000 kg of slow-release decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare as base fertilizer, and add superphosphate and urea at the same time to improve soil fertility; according to the pH of the soil, corresponding acid-base fertilizers can also be applied to adjust PH The value is 4. the

Burn straw and other sundries on the surface of the nursery, and treat the nursery with a suitable concentration of fungicides or insecticides or spray poisonous soil, and then seal it with a plastic film. The seedbed is oriented north-south, about 1 meter wide, the bed is 15cm higher than the trail, and a 30cm trail is left between the beds, which is also used for side irrigation. the

After the leaves of the vine tea fell or before the germination, the 1-year-old branches were collected as seedlings, and 2 nodes were left on the stems. The upper part of the branches was cut flat from the node 1.5cm, and the lower part was cut obliquely from the 1.5cm below the node; Soak in clean water for 7 hours, then dip in the naphthalene acetic acid rooting powder solution for 1 second, and insert as you dip; start cutting when the soil temperature is stable above 10°C, insert the branches into the seedbed at a density of 10×10cm between rows, and leave 2 One bud is on the film; after inserting, set up a shed on the furrow and cover it with a thick plastic film; when the seedbed is dry and cracked, the film can be removed at noon on a sunny day to supplement the humidity; 80,000 plants can be planted per mu. the

After 15 days of germination, apply nitrogen fertilizer as the main chemical fertilizer; the amount of fertilizer applied depends on the soil fertility, generally 1:125 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare; and pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and the prevention of trampling of animals. Qualified annual seedlings, strong seedlings without damage, disease, or residual branches, are planted in single rows or in rows with the word "pin". 240 plants are planted per mu. the

Embodiment two:

Choose an area with open terrain, sufficient sunlight, no pollution, good drainage, convenient transportation, and less vulnerable to flooding. The nursery is plowed with a depth of 25cm; when the slopes are built with terraces and drainage ditches, deep plowing is carried out, the topsoil is turned inside out, and the subsoil is turned outside. the

Combined with deep plowing and soil improvement, apply 45,000 kg of slow-release decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare as base fertilizer, and add superphosphate and urea at the same time to improve soil fertility; according to the pH of the soil, corresponding acid-base fertilizers can also be applied to adjust PH The value is 4.25. the

Burn straw and other sundries on the surface of the nursery, and treat the nursery with a suitable concentration of fungicides or insecticides or spray poisonous soil, and then seal it with a plastic film. The seedbed is oriented north-south, about 1 meter wide, the bed is 20cm higher than the trail, and a 35cm trail is left between the beds, which is also used for side irrigation. the

After the leaves of vine tea fall or before germination, collect 2-year-old branches as seedlings, leave 3 nodes on the stems, cut the upper part of the branch horizontally from the node 2cm, and cut the lower part obliquely from the node 2cm; after being bundled, put it in clear water Soak in water for 8 hours, then dip in the naphthalene acetic acid rooting powder solution for 2 seconds, and insert as you dip; start cutting when the soil temperature is stable above 10°C, and insert the branches into the seedbed at a density of 10×10cm between rows and plants, leaving 2 buds On the film; after inserting, set up a shed on the furrow and cover it with a thick plastic film; when the seedbed is dry and cracked, the film can be removed at noon on a sunny day to supplement the humidity; 80,000 plants can be planted per mu. the

After 18 days of germination, apply nitrogen fertilizer as the main chemical fertilizer; the amount of fertilizer applied depends on the soil fertility, generally 1:125 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare; and pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and the prevention of trampling of animals. Adopt qualified annual seedlings, strong seedlings with no damage, no disease, and no residual branches, planted in single rows or in rows with the word "pin", and the planting specifications are 1.5m×1.7m in plant spacing×row spacing, 1 plant per hole, Plant 250 plants per mu. the

Embodiment three:

Choose an area with open terrain, sufficient sunlight, no pollution, good drainage, convenient transportation, and less vulnerable to flooding. The nursery is plowed with a depth of 30cm; when the terraces and drainage ditches are built on the sloping land, deep plowing should be carried out, the surface soil should be turned inside out, and the subsoil should be turned outside. the

Combined with deep plowing and soil improvement, apply 45,000 kg of slow-release decomposed organic fertilizer per hectare as base fertilizer, and add superphosphate and urea at the same time to improve soil fertility; according to the pH of the soil, corresponding acid-base fertilizers can also be applied to adjust PH The value is 4.5. the

Burn straw and other sundries on the surface of the nursery, and treat the nursery with a suitable concentration of fungicides or insecticides or spray poisonous soil, and then seal it with a plastic film. The seedbed is oriented north-south, about 1 meter wide, the bed is 25cm higher than the trail, and a 40cm trail is left between the beds, which is also used for side irrigation. the

After the leaves of the vine tea fell or before the germination, the 3-year-old branches were collected as seedlings, and 3 nodes were left on the stems. The upper part of the branches was cut flat from the node 2.5cm, and the lower part was cut obliquely from the 2.5cm below the node; Soak in clean water for 9 hours, then dip in the naphthalene acetic acid rooting powder solution for 2 seconds, and insert as you dip; start cutting when the soil temperature is stable above 10°C, and insert the branches into the seedbed at a density of 10×10cm between rows and plants, leaving 2 One bud is on the film; after inserting, set up a shed on the furrow and cover it with a thick plastic film; when the seedbed is dry and cracked, the film can be removed at noon on a sunny day to supplement the humidity; 80,000 plants can be planted per mu. the

After 20 days of germination, apply nitrogen fertilizer as the main chemical fertilizer; the amount of fertilizer applied depends on the soil fertility, generally 1:125 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare; and pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and the prevention of trampling of animals. Qualified annual seedlings, strong seedlings without damage, disease, or residual branches, are planted in single rows or in rows with the word "pin". 260 plants are planted per mu. the

Claims (1)

1. a cuttage breeding method for vine tea, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) selection on Seedlings nursery ground:

The selection on described step (1) Seedlings nursery ground is to select that physical features is open, sunny, pollution-free, draining good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement;

(2) plough deeply whole ground basal dressing:

Described step (2) dark whole plough refer to garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 20～30cm Quan garden, in table soil, turn over, subsoil turns up; In conjunction with turning over, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4～4.5 according to soil acidity or alkalinity;

(3) soil disinfection:

Described step (3) soil disinfection is to garden ground surface crop straw burning foreign organic matter, or processes ground, garden by bactericide, the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture;

(4) seedbed do bed and ridging cover mulch film:

Described step (4) is made bed and is referred to that with ridging seedbed gets north-south, wide 1 meter, and the height of bed is in pavement 15～25cm, mixes and makes with fine earth, clean river sand and wood chip in the ratio of 1:1:1, between bed, leaves 30～40cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side;

(5) green wood cutting:

Described step (5) green wood cutting comprises kind of a bar collection, cutting pruning, rooting of cuttings processing and cuttage, and described kind of bar collection is after vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gathers 1～3 year raw branch as kind of a bar; Described cutting is pruned and on kind of bar, is stayed 2～3 joints, and from the upper 1.5～2.5cm straight snips of top joint, the lower 1.5～2.5cm of bottom joint place is tiltedly cut into cutting; Described cuttage is in the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, cutting is inserted to seedbed, stays 1～2 bud on mulch film, takes shed after being plugged on furrow, covers thick plastic film on canopy;

Described rooting of cuttings processing is that cutting is soaked 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then is used root-inducing powder and yellow mud to soak 1～2 hour; Or cutting soaks 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dip methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 1～2 second, with dipping in inserting;

(6) nursery lot management:

The management of described step (6) nursery lot is that imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer when the rudiment of cuttage bar is after 15～20 days; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal;

(7) Nursery stock transplanting:

Described step (7) Nursery stock transplanting be select annual not damaged, disease-free, without residual strong sprout, take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, and single file bar or " product " word capable, the hydroponics of every cave 1 strain, is colonizated in large Tanaka.