CN102763551B - Cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata. The cuttage and breeding technology comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting seedling nursery land; (2) subsoiling, performing soil preparation and applying a base fertilizer; (3) disinfecting the soil; (4) making a seed bed, ridging and covering by a mulching film; (5) cutting green branches; (6) managing the seedling nursery land; and (7) transplanting nursery-grown plants. The cuttage and breeding technology is characterized in that a method for cutting the green branches is adopted; and the seed bed is made. Compared with the prior art, the cuttage and breeding technology has the advantages that the survival rate and yield of ampelopsis grossedentata plants can be improved, the soaking time is shortened, and the cuttage efficiency is improved; and the cuttage and breeding technology is suitable for large-scale cultivation and transplantation.

Description

A kind of cuttage breeding method of vine tea

Technical field

The cutting propagation technology that the present invention relates to a kind of vine tea, belongs to field of plant growing technology.

background technology

Vine tea is not only a kind of green beverage of pure natural, wonderful work in the tea that a kind of health properties is stronger especially, and the various trace elements that it contains abundant dibydro myricetrin, flavones, amino acid, vitamin and needed by human, has good health-care effect.Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, this pure natural of vine tea is wild, have no side effect and be more and more subject to people's favor without the food and medicament dual-purpose health products of any pollution.In the prior art, the planting technology scheme resource shortage of vine tea.Application number is to disclose a kind of vine tea plant cutting propagation and directional transplant technology in the Chinese patent application file of 01131513.X, it is mainly the cuttage branch that in autumn and winter season, wild vine tea plant semi-lignified or lignified branch on mountain is cut into every section 3～4 joint, sheared edge about 1～1.5cm place above bud joint, after processing taking root under cuttage branch, insert seedbed, above bud joint is stayed, cuttage and seedling culture management method is bred into vine tea plant routinely, the described processing of taking root is the solution that is mixed with respective concentration with root-inducing powder (agent) by specification, joint position, cuttage branch bottom is soaked in above-mentioned solution to 8 hours, what grow seedlings in insulation that it adopts in addition is individual layer overlay film, only above the leaf tooth growing space at seedling, temperature control film is being set.Though this scheme has obtained certain effect improving on planting percent, because soak time is long, production efficiency is low, adopts the impact of individual layer overlay film climate greatly, and particularly when temperature cataclysm, ground temperature and growth temperature are wayward.And for example " method of the magical tea of the sweet rattan of a kind of sweet tea and vine tea grafting " described in Chinese patent ZL201010197565.5 is not for this cultivation of plants technology of vine tea.

summary of the invention

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of cuttage efficiency, planting percent is higher, temperature strong adaptability, manages and protects vine tea cutting propagation technology easily.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A cutting propagation technology for vine tea, comprises the following steps: the selection on (1) Seedlings nursery ground; (2) plough deeply whole ground basal dressing; (3) soil disinfection; (4) seedbed do bed and ridging cover mulch film; (5) green wood cutting; (6) nursery lot management; (7) Nursery stock transplanting; Described step (5) green wood cutting comprises kind of a bar collection, cutting pruning, rooting of cuttings processing and cuttage, and described kind of bar collection is after vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gathers 1～3 year raw branch as kind of a bar; Described cutting is pruned and on kind of bar, is stayed 2～3 joints, and from the upper 1.5～2.5cm straight snips of top joint, the lower 1.5～2.5cm of bottom joint place is tiltedly cut into cutting; Described cuttage is in the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, cutting is inserted to seedbed, stays 1～2 bud on mulch film, takes shed after being plugged on furrow, covers thick plastic film on canopy.

Described rooting of cuttings processing is that cutting is soaked 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then is used root-inducing powder and yellow mud to soak 1～2 hour.

Described rooting of cuttings processing is that cutting is soaked 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dips methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 1～2 second, with dipping in inserting.

Described step (4) is made bed and is referred to that with ridging seedbed gets north-south, wide 1 meter, and the height of bed is in pavement 15～25cm, mixes and makes with fine earth, clean river sand and wood chip in the ratio of 1:1:1, between bed, leaves 30～40cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side.

Described step (2) dark whole plough refer to garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 20～30cm Quan garden, in table soil, turn over, subsoil turns up; In conjunction with turning over, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4～4.5 according to soil acidity or alkalinity.

Described step (7) Nursery stock transplanting be select annual not damaged, disease-free, without residual strong sprout, take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, and single file bar or " product " word capable, the hydroponics of every cave 1 strain, is colonizated in large Tanaka.

The management of described step (6) nursery lot is that imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer when the rudiment of cuttage bar is after 15～20 days; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility, and general per hectare is executed ammonium sulfate 1:125 kilogram; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal.

Described step (3) soil disinfection is to garden ground surface crop straw burning foreign organic matter, or processes ground, garden by bactericide, the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture.

The selection on described step (1) Seedlings nursery ground is to select that physical features is open, sunny, pollution-free, draining good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement.

The present invention through test, every mu of cuttage 40,000 strains, planting percent is more than 85%.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt the duplicature of mulch film and canopy film, be conducive to control gentle growth temperature, improved the climate adaptability of growing seedlings, cutting has improved the survival rate of cuttage with the processing of methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution; With dipping in inserting, greatly shorten the processing time of taking root, improve cuttage efficiency; In the material of seedbed, fine earth is conducive to provide nutrient, and river sand is conducive to infiltration, and wood chip can play moisture-keeping function when dry.Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve survival rate and the output of vine tea plant; Shorten soak time, improved cuttage efficiency; Temperature strong adaptability, manages and protects conveniently; Being applicable to extensive cultivation transplants.

Embodiment

Embodiment mono-:

Select that open, sunny, pollution-free, the draining of physical features is good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement.To garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 20cm Quan garden; Hillside fields will, in the time building terraced fields and drain ditch, in conjunction with ploughing deeply, be turned in table soil, and subsoil turns up.

Improve the soil in conjunction with ploughing deeply, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Can also apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4 according to soil acidity or alkalinity.

At foreign material such as garden ground surface crop straw burnings, and process behind ground, garden by bactericide or the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture, then seal with plastic film.North-south is got in seedbed, wide 1 meter of left and right, and the height of bed is in pavement 15cm, between bed, leaves 30cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side.

After vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gather 1 year raw branch as kind of a bar, on skill bar, stay 2 joints, branch top is from joint 1.5cm straight snips, and tiltedly cut from saving lower 1.5cm bottom; Soak 7 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dip methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 1 second, with dipping in inserting; In the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, start cuttage, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, branch is inserted to seedbed, stay 2 buds on film; After being plugged, on furrow, take shed, cover thick plastic film; When seedbed is dry and cracked, can take off canopy film water spray noon at fine day and supplement humidity; Every mu can cuttage 80,000 strains.

When rudiment is after 15 days, imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility, and general per hectare is executed ammonium sulfate 1:125 kilogram; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal.Adopt qualified annual nursery stock, not damaged, disease-free, without strong sprout of residual branch, with single file bar or with the capable hydroponics of " product " word, field planting specification is take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, 1 strain of every cave, every mu of 240 strains of planting.

Embodiment bis-:

Select that open, sunny, pollution-free, the draining of physical features is good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement.To garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 25cm Quan garden; Hillside fields will, in the time building terraced fields and drain ditch, in conjunction with ploughing deeply, be turned in table soil, and subsoil turns up.

Improve the soil in conjunction with ploughing deeply, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Can also apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4.25 according to soil acidity or alkalinity.

At foreign material such as garden ground surface crop straw burnings, and process behind ground, garden by bactericide or the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture, then seal with plastic film.North-south is got in seedbed, wide 1 meter of left and right, and the height of bed is in pavement 20cm, between bed, leaves 35cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side.

After vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gather 2 years raw branches as kind of a bar, on skill bar, stay 3 joints, branch top is from joint 2cm straight snips, and tiltedly cut from saving lower 2cm bottom; Soak 8 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dip methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 2 seconds, with dipping in inserting; In the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, start cuttage, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, branch is inserted to seedbed, stay 2 buds on film; After being plugged, on furrow, take shed, cover thick plastic film; When seedbed is dry and cracked, can take off canopy film water spray noon at fine day and supplement humidity; Every mu can cuttage 80,000 strains.

When rudiment is after 18 days, imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility, and general per hectare is executed ammonium sulfate 1:125 kilogram; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal.Adopt qualified annual nursery stock, not damaged, disease-free, without strong sprout of residual branch, with single file bar or with the capable hydroponics of " product " word, field planting specification is take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, 1 strain of every cave, every mu of 250 strains of planting.

Embodiment tri-:

Select that open, sunny, pollution-free, the draining of physical features is good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement.To garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 30cm Quan garden; Hillside fields will, in the time building terraced fields and drain ditch, in conjunction with ploughing deeply, be turned in table soil, and subsoil turns up.

Improve the soil in conjunction with ploughing deeply, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Can also apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4.5 according to soil acidity or alkalinity.

At foreign material such as garden ground surface crop straw burnings, and process behind ground, garden by bactericide or the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture, then seal with plastic film.North-south is got in seedbed, wide 1 meter of left and right, and the height of bed is in pavement 25cm, between bed, leaves 40cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side.

After vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gather 3 years raw branches as kind of a bar, on skill bar, stay 3 joints, branch top is from joint 2.5cm straight snips, and tiltedly cut from saving lower 2.5cm bottom; Soak 9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dip methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 2 seconds, with dipping in inserting; In the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, start cuttage, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, branch is inserted to seedbed, stay 2 buds on film; After being plugged, on furrow, take shed, cover thick plastic film; When seedbed is dry and cracked, can take off canopy film water spray noon at fine day and supplement humidity; Every mu can cuttage 80,000 strains.

When rudiment is after 20 days, imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility, and general per hectare is executed ammonium sulfate 1:125 kilogram; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal.Adopt qualified annual nursery stock, not damaged, disease-free, without strong sprout of residual branch, with single file bar or with the capable hydroponics of " product " word, field planting specification is take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, 1 strain of every cave, every mu of 260 strains of planting.

Claims (1)

1. a cuttage breeding method for vine tea, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) selection on Seedlings nursery ground:

The selection on described step (1) Seedlings nursery ground is to select that physical features is open, sunny, pollution-free, draining good, traffic convenience, be not subject to the region of flood infringement;

(2) plough deeply whole ground basal dressing:

Described step (2) dark whole plough refer to garden to carry out the degree of depth be to turn in 20～30cm Quan garden, in table soil, turn over, subsoil turns up; In conjunction with turning over, per hectare applies 4.5 kilograms slow release decomposed manures and makes base manure, adds superphosphate and urea simultaneously, increases soil fertility; Apply corresponding Acidity of Aikalinity fertilizer to regulate pH value as 4～4.5 according to soil acidity or alkalinity;

(3) soil disinfection:

Described step (3) soil disinfection is to garden ground surface crop straw burning foreign organic matter, or processes ground, garden by bactericide, the insecticide spraying of debita spissitudo or the method for spreading pesticide-clay mixture;

(4) seedbed do bed and ridging cover mulch film:

Described step (4) is made bed and is referred to that with ridging seedbed gets north-south, wide 1 meter, and the height of bed is in pavement 15～25cm, mixes and makes with fine earth, clean river sand and wood chip in the ratio of 1:1:1, between bed, leaves 30～40cm pavement, doublely does the use of pouring water in side;

(5) green wood cutting:

Described step (5) green wood cutting comprises kind of a bar collection, cutting pruning, rooting of cuttings processing and cuttage, and described kind of bar collection is after vine tea fallen leaves or before rudiment, gathers 1～3 year raw branch as kind of a bar; Described cutting is pruned and on kind of bar, is stayed 2～3 joints, and from the upper 1.5～2.5cm straight snips of top joint, the lower 1.5～2.5cm of bottom joint place is tiltedly cut into cutting; Described cuttage is in the time that soil temperature is stabilized in more than 10 ℃, by the density of distance between rows and hills 10 × 10cm, cutting is inserted to seedbed, stays 1～2 bud on mulch film, takes shed after being plugged on furrow, covers thick plastic film on canopy;

Described rooting of cuttings processing is that cutting is soaked 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then is used root-inducing powder and yellow mud to soak 1～2 hour; Or cutting soaks 6～9 hours through tying up to be placed in clear water, then dip methyl α-naphthyl acetate rooting powder solution 1～2 second, with dipping in inserting;

(6) nursery lot management:

The management of described step (6) nursery lot is that imposing nitrogenous fertilizer is main chemical fertilizer when the rudiment of cuttage bar is after 15～20 days; Fertilizing amount is determined according to soil fertility; And note the control of damage by disease and insect and prevent the trample of animal;

(7) Nursery stock transplanting:

Described step (7) Nursery stock transplanting be select annual not damaged, disease-free, without residual strong sprout, take spacing in the rows × line-spacing as 1.5m × 1.7m, and single file bar or " product " word capable, the hydroponics of every cave 1 strain, is colonizated in large Tanaka.