CN102246645A - High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn - Google Patents
High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn Download PDFInfo
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- CN102246645A CN102246645A CN2011101269810A CN201110126981A CN102246645A CN 102246645 A CN102246645 A CN 102246645A CN 2011101269810 A CN2011101269810 A CN 2011101269810A CN 201110126981 A CN201110126981 A CN 201110126981A CN 102246645 A CN102246645 A CN 102246645A
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WZISDKTXHMETKG-UHFFFAOYSA-H dimagnesium;dipotassium;trisulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WZISDKTXHMETKG-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
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- VUTOQVBMNADQPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane 1H-pyrrole Chemical class N1C=CC=C1.CCC VUTOQVBMNADQPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of potato culture, in particular to a culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn. The culture technology comprises the following steps of: selecting a land, preparing and ridging; applying base fertilizers; cutting potato seeds, immediately sterilizing, accelerating germination and air-drying within one hour; finishing sowing at the temperature of earth surface of 15-25DEG C at noon on the second day after seed cutting; after sowing, immediately spraying water; carrying out management on water, fertilizer and diseases, insect pests and weeds; and harvesting. According to the culture technology disclosed by the invention, the emergence rate of the potatoes planted in autumn reaches over 90 percent and the situation that the yield of the potatoes in southern part is reduced by over 60 percent due to frost and the potatoes are not suitable for being planted in autumn is changed; meanwhile, if the potatoes are planted before and after Mid-Autumn Festival, the potatoes can appear on the market before Spring Festival and two months earlier compared with the potatoes planted in winter; in addition, the market price of the potatoes is 0.2-0.3yuan per jin, thereby the economic benefit of the potatoes planted in autumn is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the potato culture technical field.
Background technology
Potato (
Solanurn tuberosumL.) be Solanaceae Solanum economic crops.Potato is the high-yield crop of grain, vegetables, feed dual-purpose, because stem tuber contains nutriments such as more starch, abundant vitamin and lysine, be a kind of good food with grain and vegetables, the multiple characteristics of fruit, has higher nutritive value, the food that is called " perfect in every way " by domestic and international nutritionist, being described as " underground apple " and human " second bread ", is the most important food of many in the world countries.
China is potato production big country, and the potato gross yield occupies the first in the world, and there is rich practice experience in China at the potato culture technical elements.
In south, particularly leave out the North Guangdong, annual halcyon days all has frost, frost can cause the potato underproduction more than 60%, in order to avoid frost, only be chosen in frost sowing in preceding 100 days, results before frost arrives are carried out the autumn planting potato planting, but be high temperature season (7 ~ September) sowing season just, for many years, high temperature season plantation potato causes the potato piece to occur often for mashed kind, and potato reaches 50-80% for mashed kind, and the underproduction is more than 50%, but can not find concrete mashed kind reason for many years always, just hope in medicine seed dressing processing to prevent mashed kind.Therefore, the potato emergence rate has become the bottleneck of southern potato autumn planting culture technique.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a cover southern potato autumn planting high-yield culture technique, and the employing of this technological innovation is artificially created suitable environment by the method that the potato piece germinates, and has effectively prevented mashed kind of high temperature, potato is emerged neatly, and emergence rate reaches more than 90%.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of southern potato autumn planting culture technique, steps in sequence is: choosing ground reaches and plays furrow wholely; Basal dressing; Potato seed is cut the vernalization of planting and sterilize immediately, is dried in 1 hour; Surface temperature is finished sowing the next morning when 15-25 spends after cutting kind; Trickle immediately after planting; Liquid manure and disease pest and weed management; Results.
Described potato seed cut kind and sterilize vernalization immediately, the concrete grammar that dries in 1 hour is:
(1) seed selection: select the high-quality virus-free seed potato;
(2) potato seed is preserved and selected: the potato seed gunnysack is opened, placed indoor cool place, drying, ventilation evenly to spread out potato seed, strictness is chosen and is removed sick mashed potato;
(3) cut kind: basked seeds and stripping and slicing in preceding 1 day in plantation, cutting kind of requirement carries out under ventilation, cool place, drying, no sunlight are exposed to the sun environmental condition, cutting kind of a principle is to utilize apical dominance as far as possible, guarantee that each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, each stripping and slicing weight 20 ~ 30g reduces the otch area, concrete cutting method is the umbilical region crosscut of elder generation from the potato piece, then otch is affixed on the plate face and cuts second again, this step that circulates is up to cutting;
(4) sterilization vernalization: immediately the potato piece is immersed in 0.002 ~ 0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5 ~ 15g70% agricultural streptomycin after cutting kind and converts in the aqueous solution that water 50kg mixes, pick up after 5 ~ 6 seconds;
(5) dry the potato piece: the moisture with the potato piece in 1 hour dries, and prevents that the potato piece is rotten.
The surface temperature concrete grammar of finishing sowing when 15-25 spends is the next morning after described cut kind: the next morning after cutting kind, pendulum is planted on the dressing furrow both sides, be advisable with 5000 ~ 6000 strain/mus, duplicate rows is planted, line-spacing 15 ~ 18cm in the ridge, spacing in the rows 15 ~ 25cm, eye are down, wound makes progress, and surface temperature is finished sowing when 15 ~ 25 spend.
Described after planting immediately trickle specifically be meant: trickle immediately after planting, the trickle amount is every mu of 2300 ~ 2700kg water.
Described choosing ground and the method that plays furrow are wholely: selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, no herbicide residue, short texture, slightly acidic sandy loam paddy field, behind the paddy rice harvesting, during ground moistening, with ridger or medium-sized tractor ridging, the layer that guarantees to loosen the soil reaches 15 ~ 25cm, ridge face width 60 ~ 80cm, ridge bottom width 100 ~ 120cm, the high 15 ~ 25cm in ridge, furrow width 15 ~ 25cm, ditch depth 15 ~ 25cm opens the dark dressing furrow of 15 ~ 25cm in the middle of the ridge.
Base manure and consumption are the every mu of chicken manure 800 ~ 1200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is Sa Kefu composite fertilizer 65 ~ 85kg of 15:15:15, and calcium magnesium phosphorus 15 ~ 35kg, potassium magnesium sulfate 7 ~ 13kg, fertilizer execute in the dressing furrow in the middle of the ridge.
The water and fertilizer management method is:
(1) the short seedling of profit soil of pouring water for the first time: planted the back 7 ~ 9 days, and, guaranteed that the earth on the furrow was fully drenched with the furrow irrigation mode profit soil of pouring water, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening, have ponding to drain;
(2) pour water for the second time, growth promotion applies fertilizer for the first time: planted the back 27 ~ 33 days, when soil is dry after potato all emerges, want the ditch spread disposable fertilizer, topdressing method is for pouring water earlier, account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, mu is that Sa Kefu composite fertilizer 15 ~ 25kg of 15:15:15 spreads fertilizer over the fields in the water in ditch with n-p-k ratio then, descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water;
(3) third and fourth time poured water
Kind the back 39 ~ 41,49 ~ 51 days, the water that irrigates through furrow one time, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening;
(4) the control seedling is short expands
When full field potato haulm all seals row, spray with 0.001 ~ 0.003% propane azoles aqueous solution;
(5) irritate fertile for the second time, irritate water the 5th time
Poured water earlier 62 ~ 68 days the time in kind of back, account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, mu is that descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water in 12 ~ 18 jin of water that spread fertilizer over the fields in ditch of instant Sa Kefu composite fertilizer of 18:6:16 with n-p-k ratio then;
(6) irritate the 6th, seven water
Kind the back 77 ~ 83 days, 92 ~ 98 days, each irritates water one time, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/3, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening.
The disease pest and weed management method is:
(1) weeding: when weeds all grow native face, select fine calm weather, 200 ~ 400 times of liquid of the paraquat with 20% carry out the directed spraying weeding;
(2) anti-cutworm and aphid: select fine afternoon, with the stomach toxicity pesticide control of tagging, the described stomach toxicity agricultural chemicals of tagging can be selected beta-cypermethrin;
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest:
1. prevent and treat method mid-term: plant back 37 ~ 43 days with 70% Wettable propineb powder 25g, agricultural streptomycin 15g, 10% Imidacloprid 15g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert water 12 ~ 18kg spraying, every mu with soup 40 ~ 50kg, every spray in 10 days once, sprays altogether 2 times later on;
2. the later stage is prevented and treated method: planted back 60 days or have when finding diseased plant, available metalaxyl-mn-zn 25g, 15 ~ 20% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder 15g, 10% Imidacloprid 15g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert water 12 ~ 18kg spraying, use soup 55-65kg for every mu, every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times later on.
The time of described results is meant when cauline leaf flavescence, reaches vegetative period more than 110 days.
In the technical solution of the present invention, vernalization immediately and sterilization after cutting kind, and in 1 hour, the moisture of potato piece is dried (can accelerate the evaporation of the moisture that adheres on the potato piece) with fan, it is rotten in order to prevent the potato piece doing like this, not perishable after the potato piece dry tack free.Because Guangdong Province's maximum air temperature still maintains more than 30 degree before and after the mid-autumn, high humidity very easily goes bad under the hot and humid condition of potato piece of cutting, after planting rots and plant, and influences the emergence rate in full field.
In the technical solution of the present invention, need after cutting kind the next morning surface temperature when 15-25 spends, to finish sowing at (generally being in the morning before) at 11, this is that through verification experimental verification, surface temperature is finished sowing and trickle when 15-25 spends because surface temperature is not prone to mashed kind at the 15-25 degree, the potato sprouting rate can reach more than 90%, along with the backward delay of sowing time, low temperature raises gradually, and germination rate reduces rapidly, the potato piece of sowing at 13 o'clock in high noon to afternoon, germination rate has only about 10%.
In the technical solution of the present invention, after planting need trickle immediately, through verification experimental verification, after planting the promotion potato piece that trickle can be fabulous is sprouted, as the untimely trickle in back of beginning sowing in good time, and the potato piece can reduce germination rate because of dry, and germination rate can reduce to 30 ~ 50%.
In addition, moisture after planting replenishes and can only must not pour water with the mode of trickle, because trickle only keeps potato piece moisture on every side after planting, the potato piece can be germinateed under the condition that is fit to, and pours water and can cause anoxic because of excess moisture, reduces emergence rate.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared to existing technology:
The present invention adopts 3 steps to improve the emergence rate of autumn planting potatos: sterilize immediately after (1) potato seed is cut kind vernalization and dry, the timely short seedling of trickle of (2) strict control sowing temperature, (3), three steps are all linked with one another, indispensable.Being used in combination of three steps, strictness control potato is from cutting the environmental condition that its generation is gone bad of planting the sowing overall process, can effectively prevent going bad, rotting and plant of potato piece, promote its germination, make emergence rate reach 90%, per mu yield can reach 5000 jin, a traditional unit of weight, sowing before and after the Mid-autumn Festival just can be gone on the market before the Spring Festival, had done sth. in advance two months Time To Markets than Winter potato, and every jin, a traditional unit of weight of the market price is higher 0.2 ~ 0.3 yuan than Winter potato, thereby increases the economic benefit of autumn planting potato.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, and embodiment just illustrates of the present invention, is not limitation of the invention.
A kind of southern potato autumn planting culture technique, steps in sequence is:
1, choosing ground and play furrow: selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, no herbicide residue, short texture, slightly acidic sandy loam paddy field wholely, behind the paddy rice harvesting, during ground moistening, with ridger or medium-sized tractor ridging, the layer that guarantees to loosen the soil reaches 20cm, ridge face width 70cm, ridge bottom width 110cm, the high 20cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 20cm opens the dark dressing furrow of 20cm in the middle of the ridge.
2, basal dressing: base manure and consumption are the every mu of chicken manure 1000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and Sa Kefu composite fertilizer 70kg, calcium magnesium phosphorus 25kg, potassium magnesium sulfate 10kg, fertilizer execute in the dressing furrow in the middle of the ridge.
3, potato seed is cut kind of also sterilization, a vernalization rapidly, is dried:
(1) seed selection: select the high-quality virus-free seed potato;
(2) potato seed is preserved and selected: the potato seed gunnysack is opened, placed indoor cool place, drying, ventilation evenly to spread out potato seed, strictness is chosen and is removed sick mashed potato;
(3) cut kind: basked seeds and stripping and slicing in preceding 1 day in plantation, cutting kind of requirement carries out under ventilation, cool place, drying, no sunlight are exposed to the sun environmental condition, cutting kind of a principle is to utilize apical dominance as far as possible, guarantee that each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, each stripping and slicing weight 25g gram reduces the otch area, concrete cutting method is the umbilical region crosscut of elder generation from the potato piece, then otch is affixed on the plate face and cuts second again, this step that circulates is up to cutting;
(4) sterilization vernalization: immediately the potato piece is immersed in 0.004g gibberellin pulvis and 10g70% agricultural streptomycin after cutting kind and converts in the aqueous solution that water 50kg mixes, pick up after 5 ~ 6 seconds;
(5) dry the potato piece: the moisture with the potato piece in 1 hour dries, and prevents that the potato piece is rotten.
4, cut kind after the next morning finish sowing during 15 ~ 25 ℃ of surface temperatures: the next morning after cutting kind,, be advisable with 5500 strain/mus at dressing furrow both sides pendulum kind, duplicate rows is planted, line-spacing 18cm in the ridge, spacing in the rows 20cm, eye down, wound was upwards finished sowing before 11 o'clock of the morning.
5, trickle after planting: trickle immediately after planting, the trickle amount is every mu of 2500kg water.
6, liquid manure and disease pest and weed management:
(1) the short seedling of profit soil of pouring water for the first time
Planted the back 8 days, specifically also will look soil moisture, temperature is irrigation period and irrigation quantity surely, preferably stripping and slicing has sprouted and has just poured water behind the long root, relatively be difficult for mashed kind, pour water in the furrow irrigation mode and moisten soil, guarantee that the earth on the furrow is fully drenched, water level account for the ridge high about 1/3, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product, have ponding to drain until ground moistening;
(2) pour water for the second time, first ditch fertilising growth promotion
Plant the back 30 days, and when soil is dry after potato all emerges, the ditch spread disposable fertilizer, help promoting potato haulm to be grown.Topdressing method: pour water earlier, account for the ridge high about 1/3, mu spreads fertilizer over the fields in the water in ditch with about 30 jin of Sa Kefu composite fertilizers (N15:P15:K15) (consumption root a tree name soil property come calmly) then, descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water;
(4) weeding: when weeds all grow native face, select fine calm weather, 300 times of liquid of the paraquat with 20% carry out the directed spraying weeding;
(3) weeding
Furrow face behind the mulching straw seldom grows weeds, is primarily aimed at the weeds on ditch both sides.
Herbicidal methods: when weeds all grow native face, select fine calm weather, the gram with 20% does not have 300 times of liquid of track and carries out directed spraying (promptly 50 milliliters of medicaments are converted 30 jin of sprayings of water), can not be sprayed onto potato leaf, otherwise cause poisoning.
(4) anti-cutworm
After emerging, just have the phenomenon appearance that cutworm bites base of the plant broken, leaf back has aphid to cause harm simultaneously.
Prevent and treat method: select fine afternoon, with 500 times beta-cypermethrin spraying desinsection.
(5) third and fourth time poured water
Kind of back 40,50 days, the water that irrigate through furrow one time, water level account for the ridge high about 1/3, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening, help promoting potato haulm to be grown.
(6) the control seedling is short expands
When full field potato haulm all seals row, spray with the 0.002% propane azoles aqueous solution;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest
Damage by disease and insect is relied mainly on prevention, and controlling is the policy of assisting.
Prevent and treat method mid-term: plant back 40 days with 800 times of 70% Wettable propineb powders (safe and sound life) (25 gram)+1000 times of (15 gram)+10% Imidacloprid 15g of agricultural streptomycin and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert 30 jin of sprayings of water, every mu with 90 jin of soups (i.e. 3 sprayer water), every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 2 times later on.
Later stage is prevented and treated method: planted back 60 days or have when finding diseased plant, the many Mils of available golden flower bud 800 times of (25 gram) or 1000 times of (15 gram)+10% Imidacloprid 15g of 800 times of (25 milliliters)+agricultural streptomycins of Yin Fali and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert 30 jin of sprayings of water, every mu with 120 jin of soups (i.e. 4 sprayer water), every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times later on.
(8) irritate fertile for the second time, irritate water the 5th time
Plant the back in the time of 65 days, look potato growing way and leaf look and come certainly whether to irritate fertile, the effect of can keeping a full stand of seedings of current fertilizer, the function that prolongs vegetative period, irritate fertile method: pour water earlier, account for the ridge high about 1/3, then mu with in about 30 jin water that spread fertilizer over the fields in ditch of instant Sa Kefu composite fertilizer (N18:P6:K16), descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water.
(9) irritate the 6th, seven water
Kind the back 80 days, 95 days, each irritates water one time, water level account for the ridge high about 1/4, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening, help potato and expand, the prolongation cauline leaf life-span.
7, when cauline leaf flavescence, reach vegetative period more than 110 days, can gather in the crops.
The above embodiment has only expressed embodiments of the present invention; it describes comparatively concrete and detailed; but can not therefore be interpreted as restriction to claim of the present invention; in every case adopt the technical scheme that form obtained that is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation, all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a southern potato autumn planting culture technique is characterized in that steps in sequence is: reach to choosing and play furrow wholely; Basal dressing; Potato seed is cut the vernalization of planting and sterilize immediately, is dried in 1 hour; Surface temperature is finished sowing the next morning when 15-25 spends after cutting kind; Trickle immediately after planting; Liquid manure and disease pest and weed management; Results.
2. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described potato seed cut kind and sterilize vernalization immediately, the concrete grammar that dries in 1 hour is:
(1) seed selection: select the high-quality virus-free seed potato;
(2) potato seed is preserved and selected: the potato seed gunnysack is opened, placed indoor cool place, drying, ventilation evenly to spread out potato seed, strictness is chosen and is removed sick mashed potato;
(3) cut kind: basked seeds and stripping and slicing in preceding 1 day in plantation, cutting kind of requirement carries out under ventilation, cool place, drying, no sunlight are exposed to the sun environmental condition, cutting kind of a principle is to utilize apical dominance as far as possible, guarantee that each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, each stripping and slicing weight 20 ~ 30g reduces the otch area, concrete cutting method is the umbilical region crosscut of elder generation from the potato piece, then otch is affixed on the plate face and cuts second again, this step that circulates is up to cutting;
(4) sterilization vernalization: immediately the potato piece is immersed in 0.002 ~ 0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5 ~ 15g70% agricultural streptomycin after cutting kind and converts in the aqueous solution that water 50kg mixes, pick up after 5 ~ 6 seconds;
(5) dry the potato piece: the moisture with the potato piece in 1 hour dries, and prevents that the potato piece is rotten.
3. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the next morning after described cut kind surface temperature concrete grammar of finishing sowing when 15-25 spends is: the next morning after cutting kind, pendulum is planted on the dressing furrow both sides, be advisable with 5000 ~ 6000 strain/mus, duplicate rows is planted, line-spacing 15 ~ 18cm in the ridge, spacing in the rows 15 ~ 25cm, eye down, wound upwards, surface temperature is finished sowing when 15 ~ 25 spend.
4. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described after planting immediately trickle specifically be meant: trickle immediately after planting, the trickle amount is every mu of 2300 ~ 2700kg water.
5. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 3, the method that it is characterized in that described choosing ground and play furrow wholely is: selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, no herbicide residue, short texture, slightly acidic sandy loam paddy field, behind the paddy rice harvesting, during ground moistening, with ridger or medium-sized tractor ridging, the assurance layer that loosens the soil reaches 15 ~ 25cm, ridge face width 60 ~ 80cm, ridge bottom width 100 ~ 120cm, high 15 ~ the 25cm in ridge, furrow width 15 ~ 25cm, ditch depth 15 ~ 25cm opens the dark dressing furrow of 15 ~ 25cm in the middle of the ridge.
6. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 4, it is characterized in that base manure and consumption are the every mu of chicken manure 800 ~ 1200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is Sa Kefu composite fertilizer 65 ~ 85kg of 15:15:15, calcium magnesium phosphorus 15 ~ 35kg, potassium magnesium sulfate 7 ~ 13kg, fertilizer execute in the dressing furrow in the middle of the ridge.
7. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 6 is characterized in that the water and fertilizer management method is:
(1) the short seedling of profit soil of pouring water for the first time: planted the back 7 ~ 9 days, and, guaranteed that the earth on the furrow was fully drenched with the furrow irrigation mode profit soil of pouring water, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening, have ponding to drain;
(2) pour water for the second time, growth promotion applies fertilizer for the first time: planted the back 27 ~ 33 days, when soil is dry after potato all emerges, want the ditch spread disposable fertilizer, topdressing method is for pouring water earlier, account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, mu is that Sa Kefu composite fertilizer 15 ~ 25kg of 15:15:15 spreads fertilizer over the fields in the water in ditch with n-p-k ratio then, descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water;
(3) third and fourth time poured water
Kind the back 39 ~ 41,49 ~ 51 days, the water that irrigates through furrow one time, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening;
(4) the control seedling is short expands
When full field potato haulm all seals row, spray with 0.001 ~ 0.003% propane azoles aqueous solution;
(5) irritate fertile for the second time, irritate water the 5th time
Poured water earlier 62 ~ 68 days the time in kind of back, account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/2, mu is that descendant's pin was gone further once in 1 hour, allowed fertilizer fully be dissolved in the water in 12 ~ 18 jin of water that spread fertilizer over the fields in ditch of instant Sa Kefu composite fertilizer of 18:6:16 with n-p-k ratio then;
(6) irritate the 6th, seven water
Kind the back 77 ~ 83 days, 92 ~ 98 days, each irritates water one time, water level account for the ridge high 1/5 ~ 1/3, allow moisture slowly permeate up, get final product until ground moistening.
8. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 6 is characterized in that the disease pest and weed management method is:
(1) weeding: when weeds all grow native face, select fine calm weather, 200 ~ 400 times of liquid of the paraquat with 20% carry out the directed spraying weeding;
(2) anti-cutworm and aphid: select fine afternoon, with the stomach toxicity pesticide control of tagging, the described stomach toxicity agricultural chemicals of tagging can be selected beta-cypermethrin;
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest:
1. prevent and treat method mid-term: plant back 37 ~ 43 days with 70% Wettable propineb powder 25g, agricultural streptomycin 15g, 10% Imidacloprid 15g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert water 12 ~ 18kg spraying, every mu with soup 40 ~ 50kg, every spray in 10 days once, sprays altogether 2 times later on;
2. the later stage is prevented and treated method: planted back 60 days or have when finding diseased plant, available metalaxyl-mn-zn 25g, 15 ~ 20% agricultural streptomycin wetting powder 15g, 10% Imidacloprid 15g and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 grams, convert water 12 ~ 18kg spraying, use soup 55-65kg for every mu, every spray in 10 days once, spray altogether 3 times later on.
9. southern potato autumn planting culture technique according to claim 8 is characterized in that the time of described results is meant when cauline leaf flavescence, reaches vegetative period more than 110 days.
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Effective date of registration: 20170606 Address after: 516357, Guangdong, Huizhou province Huidong County town of iron Chung Ping highway north side Patentee after: Guangdong Jiuhua Potato Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 516003, No. 1, No. 11, No. 01, CITIC City, No. three, Jiangbei civilization Road, Huicheng District, Huizhou, Guangdong, China Patentee before: Huizhou City Xin Xiang Rong agricultural Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20130424 Termination date: 20190517 |
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