CN105594442B - A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105594442B CN105594442B CN201610061642.1A CN201610061642A CN105594442B CN 105594442 B CN105594442 B CN 105594442B CN 201610061642 A CN201610061642 A CN 201610061642A CN 105594442 B CN105594442 B CN 105594442B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- potato
- ridge
- oligosaccharide
- rhizoma solani
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
At present, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi production method rests on traditional cultural method, and planting density is little, and under the utilization rate of field, yield is significant lower, and results finished product fruit rate is relatively low, and economic benefit is relatively low, causes land resource to waste.The inventive method is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi one film three row one cave one strain planting culture method, furrow ridge overlay film, one film strips three row Seedling band, planting a strain in one cave, mu is planted 1.25 ten thousand strains, rationally improves planting density, make full use of space, field, plus supporting management, improve Rhizoma Solani tuber osi per unit area yield, increase plantation family income.
Description
Technical field
Agricultural planting industry potato culture.
Background technology
At present, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi production method rests on traditional cultural method, and planting density is little, under the utilization rate of field, produces
Measuring significant lower, results finished product fruit rate is relatively low, and economic benefit is relatively low, causes land resource to waste.Developed country's potato yield
The farthest exceeding world average level, one of most important of which factor is exactly that these countries have been commonly used high-quality
Virus-free seed potato, from the point of view of the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi of developed country produces, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi production is the industry of a kind of high investment, high production.Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
The input produced mainly includes that potato seed input, chemical fertilizer put into, pesticide puts into, plant equipment puts into, labour force puts into and other are thrown
Enter.The input of potato seed, machinery and fixed assets is the main input of developed country, and the part that China puts into large percentage is to plant
Potato, fertilizer (chemical fertilizer and farm manure), mechanization degree is the lowest.Mechanization degree is very low, with the 70% of international most advanced level
Compare gap the most remote.At seeding time, using manual some seed sowing, seeding quality is poor, and planting density cannot ensure.When results,
Generally using rough farm implements results, labor intensity is big, and mechanical damage weight directly affects presentation quality.Variety source regionality is poor
Away from relatively big, specific breed is few, and one of the main reasons is that cultural method falls behind Production requirement.The inventive method is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi one film three
Row one cave one strain planting culture method, furrow ridge overlay film, a film strips three row Seedling band, a cave plants a strain, and mu is planted 1.25 ten thousand strains,
Rationally improve planting density, make full use of space, field, add supporting management, improve Rhizoma Solani tuber osi per unit area yield, increase plantation family economy
Income.
Summary of the invention
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi one film three row one cave one strain planting culture method, is 4 film strips of high ridge covering film, furrow in 4 meters of embanked fields
Overlay film on the furrow ridge, both sides, field, full-film covering, 3 row Seedling bands of planting in the ridge, embanked field, four film strips in the middle of embanked field, carry out three row Seedlings on film
Band, a cave plants a strain, and film strips spacing 34cm, both sides row Seedling band and furrow ridge spacing 35cm, each film strips expert's Seedling belt distance is
20cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, actual the planting in 4 meters of embanked fields of standard is 15 row Seedling bands, and 4 meters of embanked fields add 7 row Seedling bands, cave one strain, mu
Plant 12500 strains, ridge height 25cm, the ridge, embanked field height 35cm, under-film drip irrigation, close no-tillage under herbicide film.This cultural method
Being referred to as " 4312 " high ridge high density full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method, i.e. 4 meters embanked fields, a film 3 row Seedling band, cave 1 strain, mu is kept a full stand of seedings
More than 1.2 ten thousand strains.
Concretely comprise the following steps
One, selection of land with wholely
Selecting that the soil is porous is fertile, soil layer is deep, and irrigation and drainage are good, the neutrality of soil chiltern or subacidity level land and ground, gentle slope
Block.Avoid continuous cropping and selection solanaceous crops (such as Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Capsici) or Radix Betae, Chinese cabbage, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae etc. are front stub land block, in case sense
Contaminate identical disease.Preferably select Semen Maydis, arrish.Previous crops is used long residual herbicides and is not crossed longevity of residure plot and can not plant Ma Ling
Potato (is used rust such as corn field and is gone to Tianjin).Without ploughing deeply plot, subsoiling basis, ploughed deeply or surface ploughing and deep digging by the volt autumn, then harrow, level land with this kind of tool, rise
Ridge, suppression, reach sowing state.The thicker plot of mollic uses to be ploughed deeply wholely, ploughs deeply 20～25 centimetres, and what mechanical forces was strong can
Plough deeply to 40 centimetres；The relatively thin plot of mollic can use surface ploughing and deep digging wholely, shallow turns over 18～20 centimetres, subsoiling 30～35 centimetres with
On；Have plough deeply subsoiling basis plot can also lie prostrate the autumn rake stubble ridging, good conditions for soil moisture also can the spring wholely, the spring whole ground will be at spring-time harrow morning
Drag stubble-cleaning, reaches sowing state.Whole ground standard-required soil is in small, broken bits, soil layer deficiency in the upper and excess in the lower, and ridge is to directly, and row spacing and ridge height are equal
Even.
Two, potato seed selects and processes
Potato seed selects: according to local ecological characteristic and different purposes and the market demand, selects the high yield through authorization, resist
Standard virus-free seed potato within 2 generations of sick, high-quality.Dong Zuo district, south selects: Mid-late ripening eats kind, middle potato 20, middle potato 6 raw
Number, the anti-blue or green suitable Middle and southern part of Fujian province of 9-1(, the middle and south, Guangdong, the middle and south, Guangxi, south of Yunnan winter plant)；District is made in Central Plains two
Select: grams new 25；Ji Zuo district, northeast one selects: Mid-late ripening starch processing variety, the suitable Heilungkiang of agriculture 310(, east, Jilin and Inner Mongol
Ancient east), middle potato 19 (suitable northern Hebei, North Shaanxi, North of Shanxi and middle of Inner Mongolia etc.), middle potato 20 is (suitable
Northern Hebei, North Shaanxi, North of Shanxi and middle of Inner Mongolia etc.), potato No. 12 (suitable northern Hebei, North Shaanxi, mountains are opened in Ji
The northwestward and middle of Inner Mongolia etc.), potato 14 is opened in Ji；Ji Zuo district, southwest one selects: Mid-late ripening eats kind, Hubei Province Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 11 raw
(suitable West of Hubei Province, Northern Yunnan, Xichang Sichuan, Wenchuan, Wanzhou prefecture of Chongqing, Wuxi, Ankang), the suitable Hubei of cloud potato 105(
Western part, northwestern Guizhou, South-west Sichuan, Chongqing East is northern, Central Yunnan, northeast plantation), No. 7 (suitable Gui Zhouxi of Guizhou Province taro
Portion, the northwestward, West of Hubei Province, central Sichuan and the west and south, Chongqing East is northern, northeast of Yunnan and western part, the southeast, Shaanxi etc.
Chun Zuo district, southwest plantation)；Ji Zuo district, northwest one selects: sky potato 11 (suitable Middle Gansu Province, east, south Ningxia, Qing Haidong
Portion etc.)；Early-maturing variety select Dongnong303, early-spring herbs, grams new 21, the kind such as producing starch, bean noodles can be selected for gram new 12, gram new
15, gram new 17, gram new 20, east agriculture 308, processing potato chips kind can be selected for gram new 14, gram new 16, gram new 20, the Atlantic Ocean, processes potato
Bar kind can be selected for new No. 17 of gram new No. 1, gram, the summer slope base of a fruit, and optional gram of quick freezing process kind is new 18, east agriculture 307.
Potato seed processes: one is warm-cold seed treatment: first potato kind is presoaked 1 minute in the warm water of 40 DEG C～50 DEG C, places into 60
In DEG C warm water, (ratio of potato seed and warm water is 1: 4) soaks 15 minutes.Two are medicine seed soaking: with 50% carbendazim or 70% gram of dew
800 times of immersions dry sowing after steeping potato seed 15 minutes.Use specialized potato seed coat agent Cotton seeds, can effectively prevent after planting
Rotten kind, and sterilization can be played, reduce Field diseases, improve the effect of emergence rate.
Three, sowing
Date of seeding: when 10 centimetres of degree of depth surface soil layer temperature are stablized by 7～10 DEG C for continuous three days, can sow.The amount of broadcasting:
Artificial seeding 3000～3600 kilogram/hectare；Mechanical planting 3600～4000 kilogram/hectare.Seed level: depth of planting is 6～10
Centimetre (from tuber top to Earth surface plane).Density: use row spacing 34 centimetres, the cultivation of 20 centimetres of Seedling band, spacing in the rows 20 centimetres.Embanked field
The ridge is high 35 centimetres, and ridge is high 25 centimetres, and general mu strain number early-maturing variety of keeping a full stand of seedings should reach 1.2 ten thousand strains, and middle-late ripening variety should reach
1.25 ten thousand strains.Concrete planting density can determine according to kind.4 film strips of high ridge covering film in 4 meters of embanked fields, the furrow ridge, both sides, embanked field
Upper overlay film, 3 row Seedling bands of planting in the ridge, embanked field, four film strips in the middle of embanked field, carry out three row Seedling bands on film, plant a strain in a cave, film
Belt distance 34cm, both sides row Seedling band and furrow ridge spacing 35cm, each film strips expert's Seedling belt distance is 20cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, standard 4
Rice embanked field actual planting is 15 row Seedling bands, and 4 meters of embanked fields add 7 row Seedling bands, cave one strain, and mu is planted 12500 strains, and ridge is high
25cm, the ridge, embanked field height 35cm, under-film drip irrigation, close no-tillage under herbicide film.This cultural method is referred to as " 4312 " high ridge high
Density drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method, i.e. 4 meters embanked fields, a film 3 row Seedling band, cave 1 strain, mu is kept a full stand of seedings more than 1.2 ten thousand strains, is flutterred drip irrigation after kind
Band covering film.
Four, fertilising
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is high-yield crop, and fertilizer requirement is big.Advocate fertilization compositions based on earth measurement, need fertilizer rule according to soil fertility and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Rule determines corresponding dose, fertilization type and fertilizing method.Potato fertilization should adhere to that farm manure and chemical fertilizer mixing are used, and advocates
Execute farm manure more.Farm manure combines to plough and uses wholely, fully mixes with topsoil, and chemical fertilizer does seed manure, and during sowing, trench digging is executed.Suitably
Supplement middle and trace element.Farm manure general mu amount of application is 3～5 tons, and dose every mu is executed birch nanmu hardwood board potassium sulfate binary and is combined
Fertile 50 kilograms, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50 kilograms.Wherein 70% fertilizer of total consumption can be executed by base, and remaining does seed manure, spread fertilizer over the fields in ridge Di Zhengdan,
20% good fortune is double. the medicaments such as chlopyrifos, in case the subterranean pest-insects such as cutworm, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, Gryllotalpa, wireworm.Foliage fertilizer can be selected for mu phosphorus
The high-quality foliage fertilizers such as acid dihydride potassium 100g+100g diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, envelope sprays 2-3 time before ridge.
Five, Rhizoma Solani tuber osiization control
The use of chemical control agent is primarily directed to the high plot of the content of organic matter or the particularly preferred plot of water and fertilizer condition, runs into height
The weather of warm or few photograph can cause plant the tallest and the biggest, considerably beyond normal plant height, is i.e. commonly called as " excessive growth "." the long seedling sprout of light
Do not tie bean ".Generally use paclobutrazol or chlorocholine chloride to control plant excessive growth, to reduce the nutrient consumption of stem and leaf, promote photosynthetic product
Thing is to tuber transport accumulation.Rhizoma Solani tuber osi enlarging agent can also be used.Paclobutrazol can suppress the synthesis of plant inner gibberellin, prolongs
The division of slow plant cell and expansion, thus suppress the elongation of stem stalk, make that stem stalk is sturdy, shortened internodes, and plant height becomes short, plant
Excessive growth is controlled, and decreases the inaction consumption of overground part stem and leaf nutrient, meanwhile, makes thickening vanes, dark green leaf color, promote photosynthetic
The formation of product to underground part transport accumulation, thus improve yield and big-and-middle potato rate, typically increasing production 10-15%, content of starch is also
It is improved to some extent.More options were carried out to coming into bloom in latter stage of buddingging.Typically reach kind at potato plant height
Normal plant height (Dongnong303 55cm itself；Kexin No.13 and No. 18 60cm of Ke Xin) time, can spray.Paclobutrazol is typically
The wettable powder of 15% content, spraying concentration is advisable with 60-90mg/L, in this range, along with the raising of spraying concentration, plants
The effect that strain is downgraded is the best.For the excessive growth of general level, can play with the spraying concentration of 60mg/L and control plant excessive growth
Effect, and for the serious plant of excessive growth trend, after using big concentration to spray, still have prosperous long trend, can be separated by spray medicine
One Zhou Houzai sprays once.
Six, reasonable employment herbicide is no-tillage
Before epiphragma, spray with 2000 times of liquid of 90% Acetochlor, 1500 times of liquid of 72% Dole.One of which is selected after broadcasting
Mode: (1), hectare by 90% Acetochlor 1.5～2.0 liters of (99.9% Acetochlor 1.5～1.7 liters)+70% metribuzin 600～
800 grams；(2), hectare with 90% Acetochlor 1.5～2.0 liters of (99.9% Acetochlor 1.5～1.7 liters)+75% thifensulfuronmethyls 30～
35 grams；(3), hectare 72% isopropyl methoxalamine (all you) 1.8～2.5 liter of+70% metribuzin 600～800 grams；(4), hectare
With 68.6% closing (second. piperazine mixture) 1.8～2 liters；(5), hectare 33% Pendimethalin (execute field mend) 4.0～6.0 liters,
Field is no-tillage.
Seven, disease control.
Amino-oligosaccharide: oligochitosan can change soil microflora, promotes that beneficial microorganism growth suppresses
Phytopathogen.Oligochitosan can stimulate plant growing, makes crops and fruit and vegetable volume increase good harvest.Oligochitosan can induce plant
Disease resistance, to multiple fungus, antibacterial and virus produce immunity and killing action, to wheat mosaic, cotton verticillium wilt, water
The diseases such as rice rice blast, tomato blight have good preventive and therapeutic effect.Meanwhile, oligochitosan has one to various plants pathogen
Determine the direct repression of degree.Oligochitosan have in application trace (PPM level), efficiently, low cost, the feature such as nuisanceless,
Significant to China's Agricul tural Sustain able Development.Amino-oligosaccharide (oligochitosan) refer to D-glucosamine with β-
The oligosaccharide that 1.4 glycosidic bonds connect, is obtained after chitosan degraded again by chitin degrading and prepares, or by fermentable extract low
Poisoning microbial inoculum.Amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) can produce inhibitory action to the growth of some pathogenic bacterias, affects fungal spore
Sprouting, induction hypha form morphs, biochemistry changes in spore.Gene in plant, generation can be excited to have disease-resistant
The chitinase of effect, glucanase, guarantor's element and PR albumen etc., and there is cell activation effect, the recovery of the plant that contributes to being injured,
Promote root strong sprout, strengthen the resistance of crop, promote growth and development of plants.Amino-oligosacchride cellulose solution, has virus killing, bactericidal, kills
Fungus effect.Not only fungus, antibacterial, virus are had extremely strong preventing and treating and eradicant action, but also there is nutrition, regulate, solve
Malicious, antibacterial effect.Can be widely used for preventing and treating fruit tree, vegetable, underground rhizome, Nicotiana tabacum L., Chinese crude drug and the virus of grain and cotton crop, thin
Bacterium, fungus-caused mosaic disease, little leaf, spot disease, anthrax, downy mildew, epidemic disease, blight dis-ease, BYDV, rice blast, green grass or young crops
The disease such as rot, soft rot.Use amino-oligosaccharide to the cold resistance of crop, high temperature resistance, fighting drought, anti-fertilizer damage saline and alkaline, anti-, gas
The aspects such as harmful, anti-nutrient imbalance all have good action.This is owing to crop itself and soil environment are all produced by amino-oligosaccharide
Given birth to many good impacts, in the multiple resistance material that such as amino-oligosaccharide induction crop produces, some have prevention,
Alleviate or repair the adverse circumstance injury effect to plant cell;Another amino-oligosaccharide can promote plant growth healthy and strong, and healthy and strong plant is certainly
So also there is stronger anti-adversity ability.S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate is a kind of plant bionic pesticide, and the content of general preparation is the S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate of 80%.System
Use Bulbus Allii extract, the ethyl homologue of garlicin, Effictive nuisancelless wide spectrum bionic fungicide, have plant growth regulating concurrently and make
With, rudiment can be promoted, improve germination percentage, increase yield and improving quality, be the preferred raw materials of composite bactericide pesticide.1, quick-acting
Property, temperature is more than 25 DEG C, and 24 hours take effect, and within 72 hours, controls disease.2, activity is high, and consumption is few, after measured at 50--
260ppm concentration range, can effectively suppress cotton seedling blight, droop, verticillium wilt；Rice blast, bacterial leaf-blight, bakanae disease,
Seedling rot, banded sclerotial blight；Corn northern and southern leaf blight, Huang Ye, wheat scab, stripe disease, bunt, the slow rot of Citrullus vulgaris, Citrullus vulgaris Seedling
Phase disease, cucumber at seedling stage cotton disease, droop, gray mold, scab, downy mildew, soft rot of cabbage, bacterial wilt of ginger, tomato gray mould
Disease, bacterial wilt, capsicum epidemic disease and Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Ginseng, Fructus Musae, Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, pear tree, Folium Camelliae sinensis, Horse hoof, flowers, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, greatly
Bean, the multiple diseases on the crop such as Semen Sesami, effect is notable.Foliage-spray valid density is 80--260ppm, and pouring root concentration halves.
S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate mechanism is unique, with other antibacterial no interactions resistance, compound synergic 40%--70%.
Prochloraz is a kind of wide-spectrum bactericide, ascomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti the disease caused various crop has significantly
Preventive effect, it is also possible to mixed with most of antibacterial, Insecticides (tech) & Herbicides (tech), all has preferable prevention effect.To field crop, water
Multiple diseases on fruit vegetable, turf and ornamental plant has treatment and eradicant action.Non-harmful product, should first shake up before using
Diluting, i.e. join i.e. use, conventional use prevents and treats gourd, fruit and vegetable anthrax, leaf spot.Also can prevent and treat bakanae disease of rice, rice blast
Deng.Citrus anthracnose, blossom-end rot, penicilliosis, green mould, banana anthracnose, leaf spot, mango anthracnose, leaf spot of peanut, peppery
The vegetable anthraxs such as green pepper, Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Melo, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Strawberry anthracnose, sclerotinia rot of colza, leaf spot, mushroom brown spot, Fructus Mali pumilae charcoal
Cellulitis is sick, pear scab etc..It is insoluble in water, is soluble in acetone, ethanol, dimethylbenzene equal solvent.Typical formulations has 25% Prochloraz cream
The P applied levels of the BASF (, make hectogram), 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion), 50% prochloraz-manganese chloride complex can wet-milling (making hundred merits), 63.5% miaow
Fresh amine manganese salt carbendazim can wet-milling (hundred merits), 46% chitin Prochloraz (in reached for the 5th season) green happy cream, 20% silicon azoles miaow is fresh
Amine (Qingdao vastness high-tech).
Bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane is the systemic fungicide of triazole type, has protection and therapeutical effect, and permeability is strong, can prevent and treat ascomycetes,
The disease that basidiomycetes and part Fungi Imperfecti cause.Imported product is 40% cream, trade name lucky star.Can be used for the sterilization of interior absorption.Can
Suppression sterol demethylation.It is primarily useful for preventing and treating Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti fungus effective, star as black in Fructus Mali pumilae
Bacterium, Powdery Mildew, the wheat and barley nuclear cavity bacteria of Cereal, Septoria bacterium, snag shell bacterium etc., the various cause of diseases on Guignardia and sweet Lay
Bacterium, leaf spot of peanut, efficient to sclerotinia rot of colza.Triazole bactericidal agent, destroys and stops the biosynthesis of ergosterol, cause
Cell membrane can not be formed, and makes pathogenic bacteria dead.Effective to disease caused by ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti, invalid to oomycetes, to pears
Scab has specially good effect, with the 8000-10000 times of liquid spraying of 40% cream, sprays 1 time every 7-10 days, even spray 3 one 4 times.
Thiodiazole-copper low toxicity.To people, animal, fish, bird, Apis, Rana nigromaculata, have a mind to biological, natural enemy and Crop securify, to environment without
Pollute.20% dragon gram bacterium (Thiodiazole-copper) SC mainly prevents and treats bacterial diseases of plants, and experiment and demonstration promotes the crop pest of registration
Including bacterial blight of rice, bacterial stripe, citrus ulcer, citrus scab, soft rot of cabbage, Fructus Cucumidis sativi bacillary angle speckle
Disease, watermelon blight, sigatoka, Solanaceae bacterial wilt.Prevent and treat other object: 1, vegetable: canker of tomato, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti green grass or young crops are withered
Disease, Fructus Solani melongenae Phomopisis vexans, eggplant verticillium wilt, Semen vignae sinensis droop, Herba Alii fistulosi soft rot, Bulbus Allii anaphylactoid purpura, cabbage soft rot, Chinese cabbage
Bacterial angular leaf spot, Chinese cabbage bacterial leaf spot, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae bacterioid melasma.2, melon: Fructus Benincasae epidemic disease, Fructus Benincasae wither
Disease, squash marble dust, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae spot disease, cucumber rhizoctonia rot, Fructus Cucumidis sativi damping off, cucumber downy mildew, Folium Cucumidis sativi rot, the black star of Fructus Cucumidis sativi
Disease, cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot, Fructus Cucumidis sativi Bacterial Leaf Blight, Fructus Melo scab, Folium Melo rot, bitter gourd wilt, Citrullus vulgaris are thin
Bacterium property angular leaf spot, watermelon blight, watermelon grafting.3, Oryza sativa L.: bacterial Footrot etc..4, fruit tree: alternaria leaf spot of apple,
Peach gummosis etc..
(1), late blight: premorbid 500 times of liquid of 80% Mancozeb add amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) or 80%
Spray gram adds amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) or 80% life greatly and adds 600～800 times of liquid of amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan)
Spray preventing and treating；Amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) or the Ke Lujia amino of 72% is added with the metalaxyl of 25% or 35% after morbidity
Oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) or 75% Bravo add amino-oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan) or the Sandofan ammonification of 64%
The wettable powder per hectare consumptions 1500 such as base oligosaccharide (agricultural level oligochitosan)～2250 grams, the 50 liters of dilutions that add water spray anti-
Controlling, every spray in 7 days once, Alternative Dressing Change, in case using same medicament fungus to develop immunity to drugs.
(2), virosis: available antiviral 1 adds S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate or 2% Junkeduke adds 300 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate.
(3), ring rot: cutting knife sterilization and Medicament soaked seed.During stripping and slicing sowing, cutting knife 70% ethanol or 5% lysol water disappear
Poison, simultaneously by 100 kilograms of potato seeds with 0.1 kilogram and 1 kilogram Pulvis Talci of 75% Bravo and trace element (as molybdenum, boron, copper, zinc,
Magnesium) seed dressing sterilization.
Eight, pest control
Amino-oligosaccharide improves insecticidal activity and repellent activity conventional use of insecticide dosage form and application method is difficult to make
Pesticide is adequately exposed to target insect, is more to remain in the environment, causes waste, and pollutes environment, makes to human health
Become harm.The sustained release performance so how improving insecticide just becomes the problem needing solution badly.
The insect pest of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is mainly aphid, 28 star ladybug and subterranean pest-insects.Main prevention and controls:
(1), control of aphids is narrowed with 40% buttocks worm and is added 2000 times of liquid of amino-oligosaccharide or 10% imidacloprid adds amino-oligosacchride
Element 1000 times of liquid of wettable powder are prevented and treated.
(2), 28 star ladybugs to add amino-oligosaccharide spraying with 80% metrifonate, 2000 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid+fenvalerates anti-
Control, add every mu of use of amine amino-oligosaccharide 10 milliliters spraying with 20% chlorine worm benzoyl, find that adult i.e. starts preventing and treating.
(3) subterranean pest-insect is mainly Gryllotalpa, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates and cutworm, can use 5% phoxim granule at seeding time
2000g/ mu mixes fertile preventing and treating, or field champion granule 900g～1500g/ mu mix fertilizer.
Nine, results
Leaf just can dig out Rhizoma Solani tuber osi when turning yellow, (1), harvest time: general early-maturing variety early July, Mid-late ripening product
Plant mid or late September and play receipts.Results chemistry the last week kills seedling or cuts seedling.(2), harvesting method: regain drip irrigation zone, machinery before results
Or manually gather in the crops.Artificial broken ridge, it is desirable to just plow, does not run stubble, inclined moisture in the soil, hugs and only pick light.Rhizoma Solani tuber osi after results is at field heap
Put blinding to preserve, prevent from shining into blue or green potato.(3), storage: when nighttime temperature is down to subzero, clean into cellar for storing things, choose the rotten potato of disease.Cellar for storing things storage
The capacity of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi should not exceed 2/3rds of cellar for storing things inner capacities, and cellar for storing things temperature control is at 1 DEG C～3 DEG C, and humid control is 85%～90%.
To ventilate at any time in Jiao and regulate humidity and temperature.
Claims (1)
1. a Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method,
Concretely comprise the following steps:
One, selection of land with wholely
Selecting that the soil is porous is fertile, soil layer is deep, and irrigation and drainage are good, the neutrality of soil chiltern or subacidity level land and plot, gentle slope；
Avoiding continuous cropping, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Capsici or Radix Betae, Chinese cabbage, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae cannot function as front stub land block, in case infecting identical disease；Previous crops is executed
Not crossing longevity of residure plot with long residual herbicides and can not plant Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, corn field uses stubble after rust goes to Tianjin can not plant Ma Ling
Potato；Without ploughing deeply plot, subsoiling basis, ploughed deeply or surface ploughing and deep digging by the volt autumn, then harrow, level land with this kind of tool, ridging, suppression, reach to sow shape
State；The thicker plot of mollic uses to be ploughed deeply wholely, ploughs deeply 20～25 centimetres, and what mechanical forces was strong ploughs deeply to 40 centimetres；Black earth
The relatively thin plot of layer uses surface ploughing and deep digging wholely, shallow turns over 18～20 centimetres, subsoiling 30～more than 35 centimetres；Have and plough deeply subsoiling basis
Plot can also lie prostrate the autumn rake stubble ridging, good conditions for soil moisture also can the spring wholely, the spring whole ground will morning spring-time harrow drag stubble-cleaning, reach sow shape
State；Whole ground standard-required soil is in small, broken bits, soil layer deficiency in the upper and excess in the lower, and ridge is to directly, and row spacing and ridge height are uniform；
Two, potato seed selects and processes
Potato seed selects: according to local ecological characteristic and different purposes and the market demand, selects the high yield through authorization, disease-resistant, excellent
Standard virus-free seed potato within 2 generations of matter；Dong Zuo district, south selects: Mid-late ripening eats kind, middle potato 20, middle potato 6, anti-green grass or young crops raw
9-1, suitable Middle and southern part of Fujian province, the middle and south, Guangdong, the middle and south, Guangxi, south of Yunnan winter plant；Central Plains two is made district and is selected: gram new
25；Ji Zuo district, northeast one selects: Mid-late ripening starch processing variety, east agriculture 310, suitable Heilungkiang, Jilin and east Inner Mongolia；In
Potato 19 and middle potato 20, suitable northern Hebei, North Shaanxi, North of Shanxi and middle of Inner Mongolia；Potato 12 is opened in Ji and Ji is opened
Potato 14, suitable northern Hebei, North Shaanxi, North of Shanxi and middle of Inner Mongolia；Ji Zuo district, southwest one selects: Mid-late ripening is eaten raw
Kind, Hubei Province Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 11, suitable West of Hubei Province, Northern Yunnan, Xichang Sichuan, Wenchuan, Wanzhou prefecture of Chongqing, Wuxi, Ankang, cloud
Potato 105, suitable West of Hubei Province, northwestern Guizhou, South-west Sichuan, Chongqing East is northern, Central Yunnan, northeast plantation, Guizhou Province taro 7
Number, suitable WESTERN GUIZHOU, the northwestward, West of Hubei Province, central Sichuan and the west and south, Chongqing East is northern, northeast of Yunnan and western part,
The southwestern Chun Zuo district plantation of the southeast, Shaanxi；Ji Zuo district, northwest one selects: sky potato 11, suitable Middle Gansu Province, east, in Ningxia
South, East of Qinghai Province；Potato seed processes: one is warm-cold seed treatment: first potato kind presoaked 1 minute in the warm water of 40 DEG C～50 DEG C, then
Putting in 60 DEG C of warm water, the ratio of potato seed and warm water is 1: 4, soaks 15 minutes；Or be medicine seed soaking with two: with 50% carbendazim or
The 800 times of immersion bubble potato seeds of 70% gram of dew dried sowing after 15 minutes；Use specialized potato seed coat agent Cotton seeds, can be the most anti-
Only the most rotten kind, and sterilization can be played, reduce Field diseases, improve the effect of emergence rate；
Three, sowing
Date of seeding: when 10 centimetres of degree of depth surface soil layer temperature are stablized by 7～10 DEG C for continuous three days, can sow；The amount of broadcasting: artificial
Sowing 3000～3600 kilograms/hectare；Mechanical planting 3600～4000 kilogram/hectare；Seed level: from tuber top to Earth surface plane
The degree of depth is 6～10 centimetres；Density: use row spacing 34 centimetres, the cultivation of 20 centimetres of Seedling band, spacing in the rows 20 centimetres；The ridge, embanked field is high 35 centimetres,
Ridge is high 25 centimetres, and mu strain number early-maturing variety of keeping a full stand of seedings should reach 1.2 ten thousand strains, and middle-late ripening variety should reach 1.25 ten thousand strains；Concrete cultivation
Density can determine according to kind；4 film strips of high ridge covering film in 4 meters of embanked fields, overlay film on the furrow ridge, both sides, embanked field, the ridge, embanked field plants
Plant 3 row Seedling bands, four film strips in the middle of embanked field, carry out three row Seedling bands on film, plant a strain in a cave, film strips spacing 34cm, both sides row
Seedling band and furrow ridge spacing 35cm, each film strips expert's Seedling belt distance is 20cm, spacing in the rows 20 cm, and actual the planting in 4 meters of embanked fields of standard is 15
Row Seedling band, 4 meters of embanked fields add 7 row Seedling bands, cave one strain, and mu is planted 12500 strains, and ridge height 25cm, the ridge, embanked field height 35cm, under film
Drip irrigation, closes no-tillage under herbicide film；I.e. 4 meters embanked fields, a film 3 row Seedling band, cave 1 strain, mu is kept a full stand of seedings more than 1.2 ten thousand strains, after kind
Paving drip irrigation zone covering film；
Four, fertilising
Farm manure mu amount of application is 3～5 tons, and dose every mu executes potassium sulfate binary compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50 kilograms；
Wherein 70% fertilizer of total consumption can be executed by base, and remaining does seed manure, spreads fertilizer over the fields Di Zhengdan, 20%. chlopyrifos medicaments in ridge, old with defense sector
Tiger, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, Gryllotalpa, wireworm subterranean pest-insect；Foliage fertilizer can be selected for mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100g+100g diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate high-quality blade face
Fertilizer, envelope sprays 2-3 time before ridge；
Five, Rhizoma Solani tuber osiization control
When potato plant height reaches the normal plant height 55cm 60cm of kind itself, can spray；Paclobutrazol is 15% content
Wettable powder, spraying concentration is with 60-90mg/L, in this range, along with the raising of spraying concentration, the effect that plant is downgraded
The best；For the excessive growth of general level, the effect controlling plant excessive growth can be played with the spraying concentration of 60mg/L, and for apprentice
The plant that long trend is serious, after using big concentration to spray, still has prosperous long trend, can be separated by a Zhou Houzai in spray medicine and spray one
Secondary；
Six, reasonable employment herbicide is no-tillage
Before epiphragma, spray with 2000 times of liquid of 90% Acetochlor, 1500 times of liquid of 72% isopropyl methoxalamine；Wherein one is selected after broadcasting
Kind of mode: 1, per hectare 90% Acetochlor 1.5～2.0 liters, or 99.9% Acetochlor 1.5～1.7 liter of+70% metribuzin 600
～800 grams；2, per hectare 90% Acetochlor 1.5～2.0 liter of+75% thifensulfuronmethyl 30～35 grams；3, per hectare is different with 72%
Methoxalamine 1.8～2.5 liter of+70% metribuzin 600～800 grams；4, per hectare is with 68.6% Acetochlor metribuzin mixture 1.8
～2 liters；5, per hectare 33% Pendimethalin 4.0～6.0 liters, field is no-tillage；
Seven, disease control
1, late blight: premorbid 500 times of liquid of 80% Mancozeb add amino-oligosaccharide, or 80% spray gram adds amino-oligosaccharide 600
～800 times of liquid, or 80% big life adds amino-oligosaccharide 600～800 times of liquid spray preventing and treating；After morbidity with 25% or 35% metalaxyl
Add amino-oligosaccharide, or the Ke Lujia amino-oligosaccharide of 72%, or the Bravo of 75% adds amino-oligosaccharide, or the Sandofan of 64%
Adding amino-oligosaccharide wettable powder per hectare consumption 1500～2250 grams, the 50 liters of dilutions that add water spray preventing and treating, spray one every 7 days
Secondary, Alternative Dressing Change, in case using same medicament fungus to develop immunity to drugs；
2, virosis: available antiviral 1 adds S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, or 2% Junkeduke adds 300 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate；
3, ring rot: cutting knife sterilization and Medicament soaked seed；
During stripping and slicing sowing, cutting knife 70% ethanol or 5% lysol water sterilization, press 100 kilograms of potato seeds, 75% Bravo 0.1 simultaneously
Kilogram and 1 kilogram of Pulvis Talci and trace element molybdenum, boron, copper, zinc, magnesium seed dressing sterilization；
Eight, pest control
The insect pest of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is mainly aphid, 28 star ladybug and subterranean pest-insects；Main prevention and controls:
1, aphid: preventing and treating is narrowed with 40% buttocks worm and to be added 2000 times of liquid of amino-oligosaccharide, or 10% imidacloprid to add amino-oligosaccharide wettable
Property 1000 times of liquid of powder are prevented and treated；
2,28 star ladybug: add amino-oligosaccharide spraying preventing and treating with 80% metrifonate, 2000 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid+fenvalerates, or use
20% chlorine worm benzoyl adds amino-oligosaccharide every mu use 10 milliliters spraying, finds that adult i.e. starts preventing and treating；
3, subterranean pest-insect: mainly Gryllotalpa, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates and cutworm, can use field champion granule 900g～1500g/ at seeding time
Mu mixes fertilizer；
Nine, results
Leaf just can dig out Rhizoma Solani tuber osi when turning yellow, and 1, harvest time: typically early-maturing variety early July, middle-late ripening variety is in 9 months
The last ten-days period play receipts；Results chemistry the last week kills seedling or cuts seedling；2, harvesting method: regain drip irrigation zone before results, mechanically or manually receive
Obtain；Artificial broken ridge, it is desirable to just plow, does not run stubble, inclined moisture in the soil, hugs and only pick light；Rhizoma Solani tuber osi after results protects at Piling up in Field blinding
Deposit, prevent from shining into blue or green potato；3, storage: when nighttime temperature is down to subzero, clean into cellar for storing things, choose the rotten potato of disease；The appearance of cellar for storing things storage Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
Amount should not exceed 2/3rds of cellar for storing things inner capacities, and cellar for storing things temperature control is at 1 DEG C～3 DEG C, and humid control, will be at any time in cellar for storing things 85%～90%
Ventilate and regulate humidity and temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610061642.1A CN105594442B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610061642.1A CN105594442B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105594442A CN105594442A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105594442B true CN105594442B (en) | 2016-11-16 |
Family
ID=55975264
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610061642.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105594442B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105594442B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106165604A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-11-30 | 何林春 | A kind of implantation methods of interplanting corn Lentinus Edodes |
| CN106717897A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 韦界飞 | The prevention and controls of anistree seedling phase pest and disease damage |
| CN106856948B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2020-08-11 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Field planting method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt |
| WO2019113991A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-20 | 南通市通州区十总镇益胜农机专业合作社 | Mechanized potato full-film furrow-ridge cultivation method |
| CN109429756A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 广西大学 | A kind of tomato no-tillage cultivation method |
| CN110720370A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-24 | 郑州市蔬菜研究所 | One-year two-season potato-cowpea intercropping mode in central plain area |
| CN111357592A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-03 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for replanting potatoes and cabbages in open field in cold region of Heilongjiang province |
| CN114303843B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-01-03 | 宜春市科学院(江西富硒产业研究院) | Shallow directional cultivation method for ginseng and sweet potato |
| CN115843628A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 山东贵禾农业科技有限公司 | Intercropping planting method for garlic, cotton and pepper |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2302725C2 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-07-20 | Николай Васильевич Евграфов | Method for planting and cultivation of potato |
| CN102246645A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-23 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn |
| CN102257917A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | Cost-saving and yield-increasing culture technique for southern winter potato |
| CN105009891A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-04 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Forest-fruit interplanting double-membrane covering potato cultivation method |
| CN105103919A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Method for planting potatoes in dry land in all-film mulching ridging micro-furrow mode |
-
2016
- 2016-01-29 CN CN201610061642.1A patent/CN105594442B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2302725C2 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-07-20 | Николай Васильевич Евграфов | Method for planting and cultivation of potato |
| CN102257917A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-30 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | Cost-saving and yield-increasing culture technique for southern winter potato |
| CN102246645A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-23 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn |
| CN105009891A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-04 | 新疆玉维鲜农业科技中心 | Forest-fruit interplanting double-membrane covering potato cultivation method |
| CN105103919A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Method for planting potatoes in dry land in all-film mulching ridging micro-furrow mode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105594442A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105594442B (en) | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi high ridge dense planting full film drip irrigation no-tillage cultivation method | |
| CN104221683B (en) | Bio-insect repelling planting method for organic small red beans | |
| CN105660142B (en) | A kind of Semen sojae atricolor high ridge dense planting drip irrigation non-ploughing growing method for white | |
| CN107466657B (en) | Peanut planting method | |
| CN103650856A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for pollution-free cucumbers | |
| CN105075586A (en) | Planting method of muskmelon | |
| CN106576727A (en) | Pollution-free sunflower culture method | |
| CN108260484A (en) | A kind of disease-resistant, high-yield corn implantation methods | |
| CN106358747A (en) | Method for high-ridge close planting drip irrigation no-till planting of peanuts | |
| CN105052473A (en) | Under-mulch drip irrigation cultivation method for spring corn replacing wheat-maize double cropping in north China | |
| CN102550272A (en) | Method for planting Saposhnikovia divaricata | |
| CN106576807A (en) | Planting method for promoting peanut growing and fruiting | |
| CN109699412A (en) | A kind of implantation methods reducing quinoa incidence of insect disease | |
| CN113243260A (en) | Cultivation method for mixed culture of purple perilla and konjak | |
| CN105794429A (en) | An eggplant planting method | |
| CN104429544A (en) | Intercropping method of autumn-winter vegetables, spring peas and summer soybeans | |
| CN107124993A (en) | A kind of cowpea presses seedling method for increasing | |
| CN113498720B (en) | Cultivation method of potatoes | |
| CN110495362A (en) | A kind of Integrated co ntrol method of weeds in paddy field | |
| Titova et al. | The influence of fertilizers and a complex of protection measures on crop capacity and quality of potato tubers of different varieties | |
| CN107466656B (en) | Comprehensive control method for soil-borne diseases for pepper cultivation | |
| CN105475051A (en) | Method for preventing radix psammosilenes root rot disease | |
| CN109463230A (en) | A method of breeding high-quality kuh-seng seed | |
| WO2019113991A1 (en) | Mechanized potato full-film furrow-ridge cultivation method | |
| CN107318406A (en) | A kind of Winter in North China spinach, spring radish, Peanut man's courtyard nixed planting |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161116 Termination date: 20190129 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |