CN102487686A - Large-scale seedling-culturing method utilizing cassia sophera seeds and nutrient solution thereof - Google Patents

Large-scale seedling-culturing method utilizing cassia sophera seeds and nutrient solution thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102487686A
CN102487686A CN2011103907835A CN201110390783A CN102487686A CN 102487686 A CN102487686 A CN 102487686A CN 2011103907835 A CN2011103907835 A CN 2011103907835A CN 201110390783 A CN201110390783 A CN 201110390783A CN 102487686 A CN102487686 A CN 102487686A
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seedling
seedlings
soil
nutrient solution
ground
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CN102487686B (en
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常硕其
张亚莲
傅海平
刘红艳
段继华
李维
罗意
向芬
罗立明
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HUNAN TEA INSTITUTE (HUNAN TEA INSPECTION CENTER)
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HUNAN TEA INSTITUTE (HUNAN TEA INSPECTION CENTER)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a large-scale seedling-culturing method for cultivating cassia sophera seedlings without bacterial infection by utilizing cassia sophera seeds in a direct seeding mode, which solves the problem that the existing seedling-culturing land has no selecting standard, and seedlings are low in sprouting percentage, high in infective rate of putridity at the seedling stage, dark in root system, small in earthnut, weak, high in death rate and low in survival rate after being transplanted. New sandy soil with good breathability or rice fields are utilized, a shell breaking machine is utilized to carry out partially shell breaking, and seeds are used for cultivating the seedlings in the direct seeding mode by means of prepared matrixes laid on a seed bed to reduce rice field. Mulching films are utilized to keep the temperature and the humidity of the ground. By spraying prepared nutrient solution by stages, needs for nutrient of the seedlings are met, environment is clean, the plant diseases and the insect pests are reduced, the seedlings are robust, root systems are strong and white in color, rhizomes are thick and strong, the infective rate of putridity is low, the survival rate after transplantation is high, operation is simple and convenient, and the seedling-culturing method is suitable for cultivating the cassia sophera seedlings in a large-scale mode. Strong seedlings can be cultivated more than zero point four million per mu, and the survival rate after the transplantation reaches to above 98%.

Description

A kind of with Cassia sophera seed raise seedling method on scale and nutrient solution thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of with Cassia sophera seed raise seedling method on scale and nutrient solution thereof.
Background technology
Cassia sophera is also named cyperus boundless and indistinct Cassia tora Cassia sophera L.Be the leguminosae cassia plant, even number winglike compound leaf, alternate, long leaflet 10-20 piece, oblong or long avette, the anxious point of tip; Flower is yellow, obovate; 25 millimeters of corolla diameters, 5 of sepals, 5 on petal, long 16 millimeters, wide 8 millimeters, 10 pieces on stamen, 3 pieces of agensis, 1 piece of gynoecium.Fruit is a pod, long 6-12 centimetre, and wide 0.5-1 centimetre, there is not hair, each pod contains seed 28-46 grain, and oval is flat slightly, is about 4 millimeters, about seed thousand kernel weight 18 grams.Among the peoplely mainly be used as medicine with its root, terrestrial stem part total nitrogen content about 4%, content of tatal phosphorus about 0.3%, full potassium content is more than 1%, and the plant strain growth gesture is strong, 180 centimetres of average plant heights.Basically do not influence growth of tea plant, can be used as tea tree green manure in summer, can do the tea place yet and bury organic fertilizer resource blue or green and covering.Cut green grass or young crops late August-mid-September, the blue or green amount of every per mu yield can reach 10000 kilograms.Be laid on the tea tree root after cutting green grass or young crops, about 1 time-of-week can become thoroughly decomposed, for tea tree provides a large amount of organic fertilizer resources.The suitable growth of tea plant demand of various nutritive element content ratios in this plant, nutrient discharge with tea tree absorb roughly synchronous, can balance soil nutrient condition, improve soil property, strengthen tea tree and absorb, promote growth of tea plant, improve tea leaf quality, increase output etc.But the Cassia sophera the surface of the seed has very thick wax, and the kind subshell is also very thick, and generally seed is difficult to the suction germination, causes this percentage of seedgermination very low.Also the method for useful artificial broken shell improves percentage of seedgermination at present, but time-consuming also effort can not satisfy the requirement of large-scale production.
According to long-term experiment practice, we have invented, and a kind of application machine broken shell scale seed sowing is grown seedlings, the seedling body healthy and strong, germination rate is high, easy and simple to handle, is applicable to the propagation technique that Cassia sophera is grown seedlings, and has overcome the limitation of existing seedling growing process.
Summary of the invention
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts comprises:
1. require to the choosing of the nursery of Cassia sophera direct sowing and seedling: the nursery is new reclamation of wasteland level land or ground, gentle slope, well draining rice field or ground, tea place, and soil property is a sandy loam, and year is put in order ground earlier, cultivates dark 20 cm of soil.
2. sowing time: late Febuary is to early March.
3. seed treatment: after the seed rejuvenator carries out broken shell and handles, soak 12 h with 120 ppm gibberellin+300 times carbendazim solution constant temperature, solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 ℃; Pull out next day; Drain away the water, admix the ash of 5 ~ 10 times of amount seeds, ash and seed mix.
4. open the railway carriage or compartment sowing: execute superphosphate 15-25 kilogram for every mu when putting in order ground in minute railway carriage or compartment, dish cake 20-30 kilogram is made base manure, evenly dig in the soil, and with the abundant mixing of soil, behind the face of smooth railway carriage or compartment, drilling, line-spacing 0.6-0.8 rice, every mu of seeding quantity 1-1.5 kilogram.
5. the preceding management of emerging
(1) temperature and humidity management:, bury mulch film insulation five days according to the weather conditions in local 3 ~ April; Surface humidity 80-85 %.
(2) rich water quality management: per 2 ~ 3 h inspection once keeps ground moistening, replenishes ground moisture with sprayer with mist, until emerging more than 70 %.
6. the management after emerging
(1) rich water quality management: behind 60 % that wait to emerge, spray moisturizing to spraying soil thoroughly, use the sprayer spray nutritious liquor when borrowing moisturizing according to the ground drying regime, according to 15 days fertilising cycles, the prescription of nutrient solution: urea 250 mg/L, NH 4NO 3300 mg/L, KNO 3400 mg/L, MgSO 47H 2O 80 mg/L, KH 2PO 430 mg/L.Apply nutrient solution 200 ~ 250 kg/ mus at every turn, apply altogether four times.Seedling keeps robust growth, leaf green not to have assorted spot.
(2) weeding: see that grass just pulls out, take advantage of dew and do the manual uprooting weed in back, can not use any weed killer herbicide.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: can in harm place diameter 1 m, irritate 800 times of liquid of pouring 90 % crystal chlorophos like pest damage under the insight, the blade face insect can spray 800 times of liquid of 90 % crystal chlorophos.
7. go out transplantation of seedlings
Late April begins to carry out seedling replanting, and the healthy seedling that choosing has more than 4 leaves, well developed root system is healthy and strong, look white, rhizome diameter 0.4 cm is above is at fine or cloudy balled transplanting.Get seedling and sprayed one time of nutrition liquid in preceding 1 ~ 2 day.
Advantage of the present invention
1, seedling is healthy and strong, the leaf bottle green, and root system is many, thick, look white, and bulb reaches, look white, and rhizome is sturdy, and more than diameter 0.4 cm, it is vigorous to grow;
2, used the nutrient formulation of science,, guaranteed the needed various nutritive elements of growth of seedling for seedling provides rational nutritive proportion;
3, grow seedlings on a large scale easily, make things convenient for, the consumption worker is few, has improved percentage of seedgermination.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the comparison diagram in culture dish: 1 is the seed that is untreated, and 2 is to handle seed through rejuvenator.
Fig. 2: at big Tanaka's comparison diagram: 3 be the seed that is untreated, and 4 is through broken shell processing seed.
Fig. 3: Cassia sophera seedling phase when adopting this method to grow seedlings.
Fig. 4: alternate plantation in Cassia sophera vegetative period when adopting this method to grow seedlings with tea tree.
Fig. 5: Cassia sophera early flowering season when adopting this method to grow seedlings.
Fig. 6: Cassia sophera full-bloom stage when adopting this method to grow seedlings.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention will further explain with embodiment, but it is not limited to any or the similar instance of these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Select 1 mu of East and West direction children tea place sandy loam in age, plough a year winter earlier, put in order ground, rake, apply 25 kilograms in calcium phosphate when smooth, fertilizer (dish cake) is made base manure for 30 kilograms, evenly digs in the soil, with the abundant mixing of soil, behind the face of smooth railway carriage or compartment.Sowing on March 25.After the seed rejuvenator that adopts Hunan Inst. of Tea (Hunan Province's tealeaves inspection center) to produce carries out the broken shell processing; Soak 12 h with 120 ppm gibberellin+300 times carbendazim solution constant temperature; Solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 ℃, and pull out next day, drains away the water; Admix the ash of 5 times of amount seeds, ash and seed mix.Bury mulch film insulation five days; Surface humidity 80-85 %.Per 3 h inspection once keeps ground moistening,, begins to emerge after 5 days with the additional ground of mist moisture with sprayer, and emerging in 8 days reaches more than 60%.
Wait to emerge behind 60 %, spray moisturizing to spraying soil thoroughly, use the sprayer spray nutritious liquor when borrowing moisturizing according to the ground drying regime, according to 15 days fertilising cycles, the prescription of nutrient solution: urea 250 mg/L, NH 4NO 3300 mg/L, KNO 3400 mg/L, MgSO 47H 2O 80 mg/L, KH 2PO 430 mg/L.Apply nutrient solution 200kg/ mu at every turn, apply altogether four times.Seedling keeps robust growth, leaf green not to have assorted spot.See that grass just pulls out, take advantage of dew and do the manual uprooting weed in back.Can in harm place diameter 1 m, irritate 800 times of liquid of pouring 90 % crystal chlorophos like insect under the insight, the blade face insect can spray 800 times of liquid of 90 % crystal chlorophos.April 22 began to get seedling replanting, got seedling and sprayed one time of nutrition liquid in preceding 1 day, got the above healthy seedling of 4 leaves.Get seedling 35.5 ten thousand strains.Transplanting survival rate is 99.42%.
Embodiment 2:
Select newly open up wasteland 1 mu of level land sandy loam of East and West direction, plough a year winter earlier, whole ground, rake, apply 15 kilograms in calcium phosphate when smooth, fertilizer (dish cake) is made base manure for 20 kilograms, evenly digs in the soil, with the abundant mixing of soil, behind the face of smooth railway carriage or compartment.Sowing on March 25.After the seed rejuvenator that adopts Hunan Inst. of Tea (Hunan Province's tealeaves inspection center) to produce carries out the broken shell processing; Soak 12 h with 120 ppm gibberellin+300 times carbendazim solution constant temperature; Solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 ℃, and pull out next day, drains away the water; Admix the ash of 10 times of amount seeds, ash and seed mix.Bury mulch film insulation five days; Surface humidity 80-85 %.Per 3 h inspection once keeps ground moistening,, begins to emerge after 5 days with the additional ground of mist moisture with sprayer, and emerging in 8 days reaches more than 60%.
Wait to emerge behind 60 %, spray moisturizing to spraying soil thoroughly, use the sprayer spray nutritious liquor when borrowing moisturizing according to the ground drying regime, according to 15 days fertilising cycles, the prescription of nutrient solution: urea 250 mg/L, NH 4NO 3300 mg/L, KNO 3400 mg/L, MgSO 47H 2O 80 mg/L, KH 2PO 430 mg/L.Apply nutrient solution 250 kg/ mus at every turn, apply altogether four times.Seedling keeps robust growth, leaf green not to have assorted spot.See that grass just pulls out, take advantage of dew and do the manual uprooting weed in back.Can in harm place diameter 1 m, irritate 800 times of liquid of pouring 90 % crystal chlorophos like insect under the insight, the blade face insect can spray 800 times of liquid of 90 % crystal chlorophos.April 28 began to get seedling replanting, got seedling and sprayed one time of nutrition liquid in preceding 1 day, had got the above healthy seedling that gets of 4 leaves.Get seedling 42.5 ten thousand strains.Transplanting survival rate 99.56%.

Claims (3)

1. one kind with Cassia sophera seed raise seedling method on scale and nutrient solution thereof, comprising:
(1) require to the choosing of the nursery of Cassia sophera direct sowing and seedling: the nursery is new reclamation of wasteland level land or ground, gentle slope, well draining rice field or ground, tea place, and soil property is a sandy loam, and year is put in order ground earlier, cultivates dark 20 cm of soil;
(2) seed treatment: the sowing time is that late Febuary is to early March; After the seed rejuvenator carries out the broken shell processing, soak 12 h with 120 ppm gibberellin+300 times carbendazim solution constant temperature, solution temperature remains on 25 ~ 30 ℃; Pull out next day; Drain away the water, admix the ash of 5 ~ 10 times of amount seeds, ash and seed mix;
(3) open the railway carriage or compartment sowing: execute superphosphate 15-25 kilogram for every mu when putting in order ground in minute railway carriage or compartment, dish cake 20-30 kilogram is made base manure, evenly dig in the soil, and with the abundant mixing of soil, behind the face of smooth railway carriage or compartment, drilling, line-spacing 0.6-0.8 rice, every mu of seeding quantity 1-1.5 kilogram;
(4) management after emerging: rich water quality management: behind 60 % that wait to emerge, soil is passed through in moisturizing to the spray of spraying according to the ground drying regime, uses the sprayer spray nutritious liquor when borrowing moisturizing, according to 15 days fertilising cycles, and the prescription of nutrient solution: urea 250 mg/L, NH 4NO 3300 mg/L, KNO 3400 mg/L, MgSO 47H 2O 80 mg/L, KH 2PO 430 mg/L apply nutrient solution 200 ~ 250 kg/ mus at every turn, apply altogether four times, make seedling keep robust growth, leaf green not to have assorted spot;
(5) go out transplantation of seedlings: late April begins to carry out seedling replanting, and the healthy seedling that choosing has more than 4 leaves, well developed root system is healthy and strong, look white, rhizome diameter 0.4 cm is above is got seedling and sprayed one time of nutrition liquid in preceding 1 ~ 2 day at fine or cloudy balled transplanting.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein: bury mulch film and be incubated five heaven and earth surface humidity 80-85% in step (4) the preceding management of emerging before.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, in the management of emerging of step (4), need carry out the weeding and the extermination of disease and insect pest, wherein manual work or weeding by machine can not use weed killer herbicide or other chemical reagent; For soil insect harm, in harm place diameter 1m, irritate and drench 800 times of liquid of 90% crystal chlorophos, spray 800 times of liquid of 90% crystal chlorophos for the blade face insect.
CN201110390783.5A 2011-12-01 2011-12-01 Large-scale seedling-culturing method utilizing cassia sophera seeds and nutrient solution thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102487686B (en)

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102783352A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-11-21 唐忠海 Method for efficiently increasing production of cassia sophera seeds
CN102792848A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-11-28 湖南省茶叶研究所(湖南省茶叶检测中心) Method for efficiently producing leaves of tea fertilizer No.1
CN103588587A (en) * 2013-11-10 2014-02-19 湖州艺萌城市农业发展有限公司 Rhizome nutrient solution for micro agriculture
CN104012280A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 福建农林大学 Neem-tea tree-chamaecrista rotundifolia three-dimensional intercropping tea garden pest control method
CN104641861A (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-05-27 蒙柳宁 Planting method of semen cassiae
CN107347423A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-11-17 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of codonopsis lanceolata method for culturing seedlings
CN107371731A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-11-24 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 Utilize oldenlandia grass seed seedling method on scale
CN107409918A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-01 吉首大学 A kind of day garlic method for culturing seedlings
CN107439306A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-08 湖口县顺昌中药材有限公司 Utilize cape jasmine seed seedling method on scale
CN107466638A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-15 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of reticulate millettia seedling method on scale
CN107624467A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-01-26 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree method for culturing seedlings
CN107873407A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-04-06 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 Utilize the sub- seed seedling method on scale of old trauma
CN107907487A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-13 南宁职业技术学院 Nitrogen content intelligent monitoring device during a kind of chemical fertilizer production
CN107912288A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-04-17 界首市天艺农民专业合作社 A kind of seeding growing seedlings method of cassia seed
CN108293649A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-07-20 湖南楚宏生物科技有限公司 Utilize cortex acanthopanacis seed seedling method on scale

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102783352A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-11-21 唐忠海 Method for efficiently increasing production of cassia sophera seeds
CN102792848A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-11-28 湖南省茶叶研究所(湖南省茶叶检测中心) Method for efficiently producing leaves of tea fertilizer No.1
CN102792848B (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-07-02 湖南省茶叶研究所(湖南省茶叶检测中心) Method for efficiently producing leaves of tea fertilizer No.1
CN103588587A (en) * 2013-11-10 2014-02-19 湖州艺萌城市农业发展有限公司 Rhizome nutrient solution for micro agriculture
CN104641861A (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-05-27 蒙柳宁 Planting method of semen cassiae
CN104012280A (en) * 2014-06-13 2014-09-03 福建农林大学 Neem-tea tree-chamaecrista rotundifolia three-dimensional intercropping tea garden pest control method
CN104012280B (en) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-02 福建农林大学 A kind of method that print chinaberry-tea tree-Chamaecrista Rotundifolia Stereoscopic intercropping and interplanting is done
CN107371731A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-11-24 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 Utilize oldenlandia grass seed seedling method on scale
CN107347423A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-11-17 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of codonopsis lanceolata method for culturing seedlings
CN107409918A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-01 吉首大学 A kind of day garlic method for culturing seedlings
CN107439306A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-08 湖口县顺昌中药材有限公司 Utilize cape jasmine seed seedling method on scale
CN107466638A (en) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-15 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of reticulate millettia seedling method on scale
CN107624467A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-01-26 长沙湘资生物科技有限公司 A kind of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree method for culturing seedlings
CN108293649A (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-07-20 湖南楚宏生物科技有限公司 Utilize cortex acanthopanacis seed seedling method on scale
CN107912288A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-04-17 界首市天艺农民专业合作社 A kind of seeding growing seedlings method of cassia seed
CN107873407A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-04-06 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 Utilize the sub- seed seedling method on scale of old trauma
CN107907487A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-13 南宁职业技术学院 Nitrogen content intelligent monitoring device during a kind of chemical fertilizer production

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