CN101779570A - High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology of strawberry-rice double cropping system - Google Patents
High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology of strawberry-rice double cropping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101779570A CN101779570A CN201010130544A CN201010130544A CN101779570A CN 101779570 A CN101779570 A CN 101779570A CN 201010130544 A CN201010130544 A CN 201010130544A CN 201010130544 A CN201010130544 A CN 201010130544A CN 101779570 A CN101779570 A CN 101779570A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology of a strawberry-rice double cropping system, which is characterized by comprising the following implementation steps of: ploughing and ridging after 5-10 days of rice harvesting and transplanting strawberry seedlings; watering in time after planting, preventing and controlling diseases, pests and weeds in time, and covering mulching films in a due time; picking in batches in time when the fruit surfaces of the strawberries turn into red with two thirds of areas and fruits become soft from hard; seeding rice in the middle or the end of May, and ploughing and basking fields at the beginning of June; carrying out rice mechanical transplanting during the middle of June, wherein basic seedlings are 0.9-1.2 million; carrying out water-saving wet-shallow irrigation water management on rice fields, and applying a nitrogen-saving phosphorus-increasing potassium-supplementing balanced formula fertilizing technology; and harvesting the rice in a yellow ripeness stage after dew drying. The technology can relieve the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases of continuous cropping, improve the soil structure, increase the content of organic matters in soil, improve the use ratio of fertilizer, develop high-efficiency agriculture and promote agriculture profits and farmer income while stably improving the overall grain production capability.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to strawberry, paddy rice planting technology, relate in particular to " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology.
Background technology:
In recent years, because the grain-production comparative effectiveness is low, many places are the major grain producing area especially, and the grain that blindly contracts expands warp, improves the unit are added value, and it is more and more general to tie up the foodstuff planting area phenomenon.Thisly abandon grain-production and the way that is worth of economic pursuit simply, very likely to the serious threat that causes of national food safety.Guarantee that national food safety is the top priority of China's agricultural, rural work.Have only being built on the rock of grain, just may promote the development of high-efficiency agriculture, conversely, agricultural high-effiency and be the firmer basis of grain security compacting conversely.Must correctly handle the relation of these two well, should guarantee that the basic total resources of grain security is guaranteed, also will improve the economic benefit of kind of grain as possible.
Summary of the invention:
In order to solve grain-production and efficient contradiction of cultivating, the invention provides a kind of paddy rice (cereal crops) and strawberry (economic crops) corresponding cultivation techniques, by contents such as the arrangement of reasonable combination density, fertilizer application, chemical regulation, crops for rotation linkings, in the stable raising comprehensive grain production ability, the development high-efficiency agriculture promotes growth of agricultural efficiency and increasing peasant income.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
(1) after rice harves 5～10 days, plough ridging, 0.7 meter of ridge bottom width, 0.3 meter of furrow width, the ridge is high 0.25 meter, uses sufficient base manure.(2) by every ridge two row, 0.26 meter of spacing in the rows is transplanted the strawberry seedling, and density 7.65 ten thousand strain/hectares are in time poured water after planting, in time insect pests crop smothering, covering with plastic film in good time.(3) strawberry fruit face 2/3rds reddens, and fruit is in time plucked from hard to soft the time in batches.(4) mid or late May rice growing, the land for growing field crops is ploughed and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up at the beginning of 6 months, applying organic manure.(5) 3～5 strains of every cave were carried out paddy machinery and were transplanted, basic seedling 90～1,200,000 by 24～270,000 cave/hectares mid-June.(6) the rice field shallow wet irrigation water management of economizing on water is implemented the phosphorization of joint nitrogen and is mended potassium, balance formula fertilizer practice.(7) paddy rice dew stage of yellow ripeness is done the back results.
The theory of institute of the present invention foundation is:
(1) rice field-upland field rotation not only can improve soil physical and chemical property, but also can alleviate the multiple soil-borne disease generation that the long-term dry farming of strawberry brings.(2) strawberry itself can be used as green manure and turns over and be pressed on Tanaka, can be absorbed by paddy rice, can improve soil structure, increases soil organic matter content.(3) Root Distribution of strawberry 95% at 5 centimetres with interior soil layer, and paddy rice 92% is distributed in 20 centimetres with interior soil layer, can make the fertilizer that is not absorbed in the deep soil to be absorbed by paddy rice by strawberry, improve the general per hectare of utilization rate of fertilizer (4) strawberry and produced 22500～30000 kilograms in fresh fruit, the high-yield field can reach 37500～45000 kilograms, 8～16 yuan of market unit price per kilograms, remarkable in economical benefits.
Embodiment:
(1) strawberry is transplanted
By the end of October, adopt medium-sized ridging machinery to plough ridging at the beginning of 11 months, 0.7 meter of ridge bottom width, 0.3 meter of furrow width, the ridge is high 0.25 meter, 0.6 meter of ridge top width.Two row, 0.26 meter of spacing in the rows, 7.65 ten thousand strains of per hectare density are transplanted in every ridge.Base manure is concentrated the central authorities that execute on the ridge, and quantity is wanted foot, does not generally topdress after planting.The base manure consumption is: 300～450 kilograms/hectare in carbonic hydroammonium, 750 kilograms/hectare of 45% composite fertilizers, 37500 kilograms/hectare in high-quality muck, 600 kilograms/hectare of colza cakes.Big young pathbreaker's seedling of pressing seedling during transplanting separates, and the seeding row spacing in strong sprout can suitably relax, and weak seedling can suitably be encrypted.The depth of planting can not be crossed dark or shallow excessively, reaches not bury the heart, shallow not crab rooting deeply for well.Should note the field planting direction of strawberry when planting, with convex surface towards the ridge outside.
(2) strawberry is transplanted the back field management
In time pour water after the strawberry transplanting, heavy real to promote soil, accelerate awake of strawberry.Irrigation method: furrow irrigation basement water, water is not gone up field, and it is dried to fall naturally, to keep the humidity of soil.For improving ground temperature, prevent winter freezing injury, strawberry listing ahead of time, mean temperature of air drops to 3 degree when following the same day before and after January 15, covering with plastic film to heat; Daily mean temperature rises to 4 degree when above before and after February 15, and rupture of membranes reveals seedling.In time extract dead leaf, sick leaf, Lao Ye, and concentrate and burn or buried; To in time extract when yielding positive results and take out living stolon; Dredge and to go four, Pyatyi flower and to no effect, strive for many knot commodity fruits.Behind the strawberry result, note observing the plant growing way, as the power symptom of a trend occurs taking off, in time topdress.Topdress mainly based on composite fertilizer, take to have many meals but little food at eath, impose 15 kilograms/hectare purity nitrogen fertilizer application amount at every turn, chased after 1 time in 10～15 days at interval.
(3) strawberry disease pest and weed control
Controlling underground pest such as mole cricket, grub adopts 90% crystal chlorophos to spread fertilizer over the fields with base manure for 15 kilograms/hectare; It is clean that two spotted spider mite control employing 450～600 gram/hectares are swept mite, converts the water spray control; Root rot, premorbid with methyl holder Kusatsu 1500 gram/hectares maybe can kill 750～1050 gram/hectares, convert water spray or water root.Gray mold is with 800 times of sprayings of 50% Sukeling wetting powder.It mainly is before transplanting behind the ridging, to add water spray for 6000 milliliters/hectare with 20% napropamide missible oil that crop smothering is eliminated.
(4) strawberry results
Fruit face 2/3rds reddens, and fruit is in time plucked from hard to soft the time in batches.
(5) raising rice seedlings
Select can irritate and can arrange, fortune seedling field piece convenient, that be convenient to operational administrative is done the rice seedling bed.15 days prior to seeding, begin to do the seedling plate, 1.4 meters of seedling plate width, 20 centimetres of waist furrow widths, dark 15 centimetres, enclose 25 centimetres of furrow widths, dark 20 centimetres, the seedling plate requires " flat, light, straight ".The per hectare land for growing field crops is equipped with 300～375 on seedling dish.45～52.5 kilograms in seed is prepared enough in the per hectare land for growing field crops, basks seeds before the sowing 1～2 day, with 5 kilograms of clear water, add 25% first net suspension agent 60 grams, add 12% kind of Shu Jing pulvis, 150 grams, add bright cartap 225 grams of 16% miaow, seed soaking after stirring, seed soaking time is more than 48 hours.Every dish is broadcast wet kind 180 gram, and thick 0.3～0.5 centimetre of blinding is advisable cannot see seed.The lid grass prevents rice shoot burn, will stay 30% mulch film to arrive light thoroughly during the lid grass.Qi Miaohou takes off film in the dusk, and irritates once flat ditch-water; Take off film last as not moisturizing; Take off film to the 2 leaf phase and set up flat ditch-water, keep the moistening non-whitening of card; 2～3 leaf phases were looked weather condition, and the diligent horse race water of irritating is transplanted draining in preceding 2～3 days restraining the growth of seedlings, is beneficial to the machine transplanting of rice.
(6) rice transplanting
The strawberry soil fertility level is higher, and base manure quantity should reduce as one sees fit.Per hectare is executed 450 kilograms of compound fertilizer dedicated to paddy, 300 kilograms in carbonic hydroammonium.Go up water after the dry farming and rake the soil level, require the field piece just to differ and be no more than 3 centimetres, 1～2 centimetre of water irrigating depth.Per hectare is transplanted several 24～270,000 caves, cave, 3～5 strains of every cave, basic seedling 90～1,200,000.Transplant depth generally is controlled at 0.5～1 centimetre.Plant 20～22 days total seedlings in back and reach enough fringe seedling numbers, plant 28～30 days seedlings that peak in back, peak seedling is controlled at about 300,000, the percentage of earbearing tiller 70%.
(7) paddy rice rich water quality management
Planted back 7 days, and executed a fertilizer of waking up, 150 kilograms in urea of per hectare; Planted back 15 days, and executed tillering fertilizer, 120～150 kilograms in urea of per hectare; Short fertilizers for potted flowers o'clock is executed in leaf age remainder 3.5～3.0, and per hectare is with 450 kilograms of compound fertilizer dedicated to paddy; Guarantor's fertilizers for potted flowers o'clock is executed in leaf age remainder 1.5～1.2, and per hectare is with urea 75～120 kg.Transplant to enough keeping 3～5 centimetres of field water layers seedling stage; Work as colony's total stem tiller number enough seedling stage to booting stage and reach expection spike number about 60%, promptly begin dehydration and put the field, put for the first time the field and put to the limit, field that 1 meter soil table turns white, irritate horse race water, put again, put for the second time to the limit, field when fine cracks, Tanaka's hardboard appear in 1 meter native face in, go up horse race water again after, look growing process and put the field, put field degree and time and can progressively increase the weight of and prolong; Booting stage in booting stage to maturing stage and heading flowering period keep shoaling layer; All the other stages behind shallow water of field filling, treat that soil natural falls to doing to irritate shoaling layer again based on alternation of wetting and drying, intermittent irrigation; Gather in the crops and cut off the water supply in preceding 5～7 days, must guard against too early and cut off the water supply.
(8) results
Paddy rice dew stage of yellow ripeness is done the back results, in time shines Gu Yangjing.
Claims (5)
1. " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology is characterized in that this planting technology comprises following implementation step:
(1) after rice harves 5～10 days, plough ridging, 0.7 meter of ridge bottom width, 0.3 meter of furrow width, the ridge is high 0.25 meter, uses sufficient base manure.
(2) by every ridge two row, 0.26 meter of spacing in the rows is transplanted the strawberry seedling, and density 7.65 ten thousand strain/hectares are in time poured water after planting, in time insect pests crop smothering, covering with plastic film in good time.
(3) strawberry fruit face 2/3rds reddens, and fruit is in time plucked from hard to soft the time in batches.
(4) mid or late May rice growing, the land for growing field crops is ploughed and is suned the earth which has been ploughed up at the beginning of 6 months, applying organic manure.
(5) 3～5 strains of every cave were carried out paddy machinery and were transplanted, basic seedling 90～1,200,000 by 24～270,000 cave/hectares mid-June.
(6) the rice field shallow wet irrigation water management of economizing on water is implemented the phosphorization of joint nitrogen and is mended potassium, balance formula fertilizer practice.
(7) paddy rice dew stage of yellow ripeness is done the back results.
2. according to claim 1 described " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology, it is characterized in that above-mentioned strawberry base manure consumption is 300～450 kilograms/hectare in a carbonic hydroammonium, 750 kilograms/hectare of 45% composite fertilizers, 37500 kilograms/hectare in high-quality muck, 600 kilograms/hectare of colza cakes.
3. according to claim 1 described " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology, it is characterized in that above-mentioned strawberry disease pest and weed control, controlling underground pests such as mole cricket, grub adopt 15 kilograms/hectare in 90% crystal chlorophos to spread fertilizer over the fields with base manure; It is clean that two spotted spider mite control employing 450～600 gram/hectares are swept mite, converts the water spray control; Root rot, premorbid with methyl holder Kusatsu 1500 gram/hectares maybe can kill 750～1050 gram/hectares, convert water spray or water root.Gray mold is with 800 times of sprayings of 50% Sukeling wetting powder.It mainly is before transplanting behind the ridging, to add water spray for 6000 milliliters/hectare with 20% napropamide missible oil that crop smothering is eliminated.
4. according to claim 1 described " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology, it is characterized in that 270～300 kilograms/hectare of above-mentioned nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice (pure N), phosphate fertilizer (P
2O
5) 135～150 kilograms/hectare, potash fertilizer (K
2O) 150～180 kilograms/hectare, wherein farmyard manure accounts for total consumption 20～30%, makes the base manure applied once.Nitrogenous fertilizer divides base manure, tillering fertilizer, short fertilizers for potted flowers and protects fertilizers for potted flowers, and usage ratio is 4: 1.5: 2.5: 2, and phosphate fertilizer is all made base manure, and potash fertilizer 1/2nd is made base manure, and 1/2nd make short fertilizers for potted flowers.Tillering fertilizer was used planting the back in 5～7 days, short fertilizers for potted flowers and protect fertilizers for potted flowers and o'clock using in leaf age remainder 3.5～3.0 and 1.5～1.2 respectively.
5. according to claim 1 described " strawberry-paddy rice " double cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology, it is characterized in that above-mentioned rice transplanting is to enough keeping 3～5 centimetres of shoaling layers seedling stage.When colony's total stem tiller number reaches expection during spike number 75%, begin dehydration and put the field, put to the limit, field that 1 meter soil table turns white for the first time, irritate horse race water, put again; Put for the second time to the limit, field when fine cracks, Tanaka's hardboard appear in 1 meter native face in, go up horse race water again after, look growing process and put the field.Booting stage and heading flowering period keep shoaling layer.All the other stages, water did not advance after water did not go out before accomplishing based on alternation of wetting and drying, intermittent irrigation, promptly behind shoaling layer of field filling, treated to irritate shoaling layer again after soil natural falls to doing.Gather in the crops and cut off the water supply in preceding 5～7d days, must guard against too early and cut off the water supply.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103355126A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Taicang white garlic-rice double-cropping-system paddy-upland rotation high-yield and efficient planting technology |
| CN104969751A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Rotation cropping method for increasing yield of later crop cucumbers on conditions of greenhouse soil continuous cropping |
| CN105052460A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆市铜梁区金马水果种植股份合作社 | Mixed cultivation method of strawberries and vegetables |
| CN105359901A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2016-03-02 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | High-yield cultivation method for rice row-expanding thin-planting group with fore-rotating crop oilseed rape |
| CN105724021A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江大学 | Planting method for iodine-containing strawberries |
| CN107056505A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | One plant vegetables rice crop rotation farmland nutrient emission reduction and maintain stable crop yield method |
| CN109005836A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of irrigation method improving rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency |
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| CN109429954A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-08 | 北京市昌平区农业技术推广站 | The alternating method of strawberry and rice |
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2010
- 2010-03-12 CN CN2010101305441A patent/CN101779570B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103355126A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-10-23 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Taicang white garlic-rice double-cropping-system paddy-upland rotation high-yield and efficient planting technology |
| CN104969751A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-14 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Rotation cropping method for increasing yield of later crop cucumbers on conditions of greenhouse soil continuous cropping |
| CN105359901A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2016-03-02 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | High-yield cultivation method for rice row-expanding thin-planting group with fore-rotating crop oilseed rape |
| CN105052460A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆市铜梁区金马水果种植股份合作社 | Mixed cultivation method of strawberries and vegetables |
| CN105724021A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江大学 | Planting method for iodine-containing strawberries |
| CN107056505A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | One plant vegetables rice crop rotation farmland nutrient emission reduction and maintain stable crop yield method |
| CN109005836A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of irrigation method improving rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency |
| CN109005836B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-07-03 | 扬州大学 | Irrigation method for improving utilization efficiency of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of rice |
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