CN103430674A - Cost saving and yield increase fertilizer application method for potato winter planting in South - Google Patents
Cost saving and yield increase fertilizer application method for potato winter planting in South Download PDFInfo
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- CN103430674A CN103430674A CN2013102593952A CN201310259395A CN103430674A CN 103430674 A CN103430674 A CN 103430674A CN 2013102593952 A CN2013102593952 A CN 2013102593952A CN 201310259395 A CN201310259395 A CN 201310259395A CN 103430674 A CN103430674 A CN 103430674A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of potato planting, specifically to a potato fertilizer application method. According to the cost saving and yield increase fertilizer application method for potato winter planting in South, organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are adopted as a base fertilizer and/or top dressing to be applied in fields, wherein all the organic fertilizer, all the phosphorus fertilizer, 40% of the nitrogen fertilizer, and 50% of the potassium fertilizer are adopted as the base fertilizer to be applied before potato seeding, and 60% of the nitrogen fertilizer and 60% of the potassium fertilizer are adopted as the top dressing to be applied in a potato growth stage in three times by respectively adopting the total amounts of the organic fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer applied before potato seeding and in the whole growth stage as 100%. According to the present invention, the phosphorus fertilizer is adopted as the base fertilizer to be applied in one time, and the traditional top dressing applying frequency is changed into 3 from 4 so as to reduce top dressing applying frequency, reduce workload, save labor cost, and increase a yield to a certain degree, such that the method is the cost saving and yield increase fertilizer application method for potato winter planting in South.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the potato planting technical field, be specifically related to the fertilizing method of potato.
Background technology
Potato (potato), be Solanaceae nightshade perennial herb, and underground stem tuber can be edible, is important grain, vegetables dual-purpose crop.China is potato production big country, and the potato gross yield occupies the first in the world, and there is abundant practical experience in China at the potato culture technical elements.
In South China, potato institute of winter planting fertilise is fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and the fertilizing method generally adopted is first to execute prior to seeding base manure one time, and potato raw is executed for a long time four times and topdressed.In before potato sowing and whole vegetative period the fertilizer used, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer total amount each 100%, by whole fertilizers, nitrogenous fertilizer 40%, phosphate fertilizer 60%, 50% the making base manure and use before potato sowing of potash fertilizer, by nitrogenous fertilizer 60%, phosphate fertilizer 40%, 50% the doing and topdress of potash fertilizer, at potato raw, minute use for four times for a long time.The nitrogenous fertilizer of using that topdresses for four times accounts for respectively 15%, 20%, 15%, 10% of nitrogen application total amount; The phosphate fertilizer of using that topdresses for four times accounts for respectively 10%, 10%, 10%, 10% of phosphate fertilizer total amount; The potash fertilizer of using that topdresses for four times accounts for respectively 5%, 10%, 20%, 15% of Potassium Fertilizer total amount.Generally after neat seedling, drench and topdress for the first time, within later every 7 days, drench once totally 4 times.
This fertilizing method fertilizer application frequency is many, and workload is large, and labour cost is high, and output is general.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase fertilizing method.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase fertilizing method, to make base manure and/or topdress with fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer to be applied to field, in before potato sowing and whole vegetative period the fertilizer used, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer total amount each 100%, by whole fertilizers, whole phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer 30 ~ 50%, 40 ~ 60% the making base manure and use before potato sowing of potash fertilizer, to remain nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer does and topdresses, divide and use for three times for a long time at potato raw, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer impose simultaneously.
Preferably, the described nitrogenous fertilizer as base manure account for before potato sowing and the nitrogenous fertilizer total amount used whole vegetative period 40%.
Further, three amounts of application as the nitrogenous fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 25%, 20%, 15% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.
Preferably, the described potash fertilizer as base manure account for before potato sowing and the potash fertilizer total amount used whole vegetative period 50%.
Further, three amounts of application as the potash fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 10%, 15%, 25% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.
Further, the application process of topdressing is topdressed for the first time for executing at Qi Miaohou, within later every 10 days, executes once totally three times.
Be below inventor's verification experimental verification method and data:
Test method:
Experimental plot arranges: test adopts randomised block design, establishes altogether 4 times and topdresses, and topdresses for 3 times, topdresses for 2 times, topdresses for 1 time four and processes, and each is processed 3 times and repeats, and district's group adds up to 4 * 1=4, and thickness of sowing, with local peasant household custom planting density, is made as 5480 plant/acres.Every ridge area is 6.12 m
2, 50 strains are planted on every ridge, duplicate rows plantation, spacing in the rows 20.6 cm, line-spacing 24.6 cm.
Base manure and the proportion of additional fertilizer 50:50 of the base manure of selection nitrogenous fertilizer and proportion of additional fertilizer 40:60, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is all done under the prerequisite of base manure, nitrogenous fertilizer to 60% topdresses and 50% potash fertilizer topdresses arranges respectively the fertilizer test that 4 fertilisings, 3 fertilisings, 2 fertilisings and nitrogen, potash fertilizer respectively executes once and demonstrates, specific as follows:
1. 4 fertilisings: imposed disposable fertilizer every 7 days after neat seedling, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer impose simultaneously, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 4 sub-distribution ratios are 15:20:15:10, and potash fertilizer 4 sub-distribution ratios are 5:10:20:15.
2. 3 fertilisings: imposed disposable fertilizer every 10 days after neat seedling, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer impose simultaneously, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 3 sub-distribution ratios are 25:20:15, and potash fertilizer 3 sub-distribution ratios are 10:15:25.
3. 2 fertilisings: imposed disposable fertilizer every 15 days after neat seedling, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer impose simultaneously, and wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 2 sub-distribution ratios are 35:25, and potash fertilizer 2 sub-distribution ratios are 20:30.
4. nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer are respectively executed once: imposed disposable fertilizer every 15 days after neat seedling, execute altogether 2 times, wherein nitrogen fertilizer allocation proportion is 60:0, and the potash fertilizer allocation proportion is 0:50.
Experimental result sees the following form:
| Topdressing method | Cell production kg | Commodity potato number ratio % | Commodity potato part by weight % | Amount to per mu yield kg/666.7m 2 | The output precedence |
| Topdress for four times | 65.73 | 0.73 | 0.92 | 2386.8 | 2 |
| Topdress for three times | 75.08 | 0.7 | 0.92 | 2726.4 | 1 |
| Topdress for twice | 60.27 | 0.76 | 0.94 | 2188.6 | 3 |
| Once topdress | 55.74 | 0.77 | 0.93 | 2024.1 | 4 |
From upper table data, at every kind of fertilizer total fertilization amount under constant condition, the number of times that topdresses is three times, compare the number of times four times of topdressing, output does not only descend, certain rising is arranged on the contrary, adopt as seen fertilizing method of the present invention can keep that output is constant even certain rising, because the minimizing of fertilizer application frequency reduces cost of labor.
But secondary topdresses and once topdresses, output slightly reduces, and therefore should not adopt.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) less to the demand of phosphate fertilizer whole vegetative period because of potato, so the present invention makes phosphate fertilizer that base manure is disposable have been executed, and reduced the workload of using phosphate fertilizer, saved labour cost.
(2) the present invention changes traditional number of times that topdresses 3 times into by 4 times, has reduced fertilizer application frequency, has reduced workload, has saved labour cost, has also improved to a certain extent output, is a kind of fertilizing method of southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, and embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
A kind of southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase fertilizing method, to make base manure and/or topdress with fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer to be applied to field, in before Winter potato sowing and the fertilizer of using whole vegetative period, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer total amount each 100%, by whole fertilizers, whole phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer 40%, 50% the making base manure and use before potato sowing of potash fertilizer, by nitrogenous fertilizer 60%, 60% the doing and topdress of potash fertilizer, at potato raw, minute use for three times for a long time.Three amounts of application as the nitrogenous fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 25%, 20%, 15% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.Three amounts of application as the potash fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 10%, 15%, 25% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.The application process of topdressing is topdressed for the first time for executing at Qi Miaohou, within later every 10 days, executes once totally three times.
Detailed fertilizing method is, make base manure and/or topdress with fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and be applied to field, the total fertilization amount of fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is respectively 500 kilograms of every mu of fertilizers, 34.8 kilograms, nitrogenous fertilizer, 75 kilograms, phosphate fertilizer, 62.4 kilograms, potash fertilizer;
During ridging, 500 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizers, 13.9 kilograms, urea, 75 kilograms of superphosphate, potassium chloride 31.2, as base manure, is opened 10 centimetres of zanjons and is concentrated deep placement in ridge;
Execute for the first time and topdress after Qi Miao, every mu is watered 2000 kilograms of pouring with 6.2 kilograms, 8.7 kilograms, urea, potassium chloride and executes;
Execute for the second time and topdress after 10 days, every mu is watered 2000 kilograms of pouring with 9.4 kilograms, 7.0 kilograms, urea, potassium chloride and executes;
Execute for the third time and topdress after 10 days, every mu is watered 2000 kilograms of pouring with 15.6 kilograms, 5.2 kilograms, urea, potassium chloride and executes.
Claims (6)
1. a southern Winter potato abridged edition increases production fertilizing method, to make base manure and/or topdress with fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer to be applied to field, it is characterized in that: in before potato sowing and whole vegetative period the fertilizer used, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer total amount each 100%, by whole fertilizers, whole phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer 30 ~ 50%, 40 ~ 60% the making base manure and use before potato sowing of potash fertilizer, remaining nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer are done and topdressed, divide and use for three times for a long time at potato raw, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer impose simultaneously.
2. southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before the described nitrogenous fertilizer as base manure accounts for potato sowing and the nitrogenous fertilizer total amount of using whole vegetative period 40%.
3. southern Winter potato abridged edition according to claim 2 increases production fertilizing method, and it is characterized in that: three amounts of application as the nitrogenous fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 25%, 20%, 15% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.
4. southern Winter potato abridged edition volume increase fertilizing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: before the described potash fertilizer as base manure accounts for potato sowing and the potash fertilizer total amount of using whole vegetative period 50%.
5. southern Winter potato abridged edition according to claim 2 increases production fertilizing method, and it is characterized in that: three amounts of application as the potash fertilizer topdressed account for respectively 10%, 15%, 25% of nitrogen fertilizing total amount.
6. southern Winter potato abridged edition according to claim 1 increases production fertilizing method, and it is characterized in that: the application process of topdressing is topdressed for the first time for executing at Qi Miaohou, within later every 10 days, executes once totally three times.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858578A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 盛晋华 | Potato seed planting fertilization regulation and control method |
| CN105819929A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 惠东县奕达农贸有限公司 | Efficient potato special fertilizer formula |
| CN106416711A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Cost-saving synergic mating cultivation method for potatoes planted in winter |
| CN107493783A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of fertilizing method for promoting the growth of Atractylis lancea root tuber |
| CN107820815A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 | A kind of potato fertilization method |
| CN109429658A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 湖南省林业科学院 | A kind of fertilizing method of Poplar |
| CN113287475A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-24 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving commercial potato rate and dry matter content of potatoes |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858578A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 盛晋华 | Potato seed planting fertilization regulation and control method |
| CN103858578B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-06-15 | 盛晋华 | The method of potato seed planting potato fertilizition control |
| CN105819929A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-03 | 惠东县奕达农贸有限公司 | Efficient potato special fertilizer formula |
| CN106416711A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Cost-saving synergic mating cultivation method for potatoes planted in winter |
| CN107493783A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of fertilizing method for promoting the growth of Atractylis lancea root tuber |
| CN107820815A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 | A kind of potato fertilization method |
| CN109429658A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 湖南省林业科学院 | A kind of fertilizing method of Poplar |
| CN109429658B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-07-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Fertilizing method for south poplar |
| CN113287475A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-24 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving commercial potato rate and dry matter content of potatoes |
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Application publication date: 20131211 |